Michigan State University

Personal Protective Equipment

Guidelines

Prepared by

Office of Radiation, Chemical and Biological Safety

and
Department of Police and Public Safety
May 2003
Table Of Contents
Summary ........................................................................................................................1
Scope..............................................................................................................................1
Reference Regulations ...................................................................................................1
Definitions......................................................................................................................2
Responsibility ................................................................................................................2
Procedures......................................................................................................................3
Conduct a Hazard Assessment of the Workplace ....................................................3
Certify a Hazard Assessment was Performed..........................................................4
PPE Selection Guidelines ........................................................................................5
General Considerations......................................................................................5
Eye and Face Protection.....................................................................................5
Eye and Face Protection in Laboratories ...........................................................6
Head Protection..................................................................................................6
Foot Protection...................................................................................................8
Hand Protection .................................................................................................9
Body Protection, Other than Gloves ..................................................................9
Consultation With Affected Employees ................................................................10
Training Guidelines ...............................................................................................10
Training Certification.............................................................................................11
Reassessment And Retraining................................................................................11
Technical Support ........................................................................................................12

Appendices

Appendix A: Hazard Assessment Information and PPE Selection Guides .................13

Table 1. Eye and Face Protection Selection.................................................................14
Table 2. Filter Lenses For Protection Against Radiant Energy ...................................16
Table 3. Footwear Selection Guidelines ......................................................................17
Figure 1. Footwear Labeling........................................................................................19
Table 4. Selection of Footwear Materials for Chemical Resistance............................20
Table 5. Selection of Hand Protection .........................................................................21
Table 6 Selection of Protective Clothing Materials.....................................................22
Table 7 Selection of High Visibility Clothing .............................................................23
PPE Program Compliance Checklist ...........................................................................24
PPE Survey and Analysis Checklist ............................................................................25
Personal Protective Equipment Hazard Assessment Certification Form.....................27

Appendix B: PPE Training Guide................................................................................28

Table 8. Eyewear Selection Chart................................................................................30
Table 9. Proper Care, Maintenance, Useful Life and
Disposal of Protective Footwear.....................................................................34
Certification of Personal Protective Equipment Training Form ..................................36
 Personal Protective Equipment

Michigan State University

Department of Police and Public Safety
Office of Radiation, Chemical and Biological Safety
May 2003

SUMMARY

The Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) Guideline has been developed to provide the
University community with the necessary information to identify work situations that
require the use of PPE, to determine the proper selection and use of PPE, and to
document this information by using the PPE Hazard Assessment Certification form. This
information is important to help ensure the safety and health of all MSU employees.

SCOPE

University employees who currently utilize PPE or who may encounter hazards to the
eyes, face, head, feet, hands, or who conduct work involving electrical or fall hazards, as
identified during the Hazard Assessment of the workplace, are subject to these PPE
Guidelines. PPE will be selected and used to protect employees from the hazards and
potential hazards that they are likely to encounter. Respiratory protection, hearing
protection, biohazard and radiation are covered under separate guidelines. See the
Respiratory Protection Manual, Hearing Conservation Program, Biosafety Manual, or
Radiation Safety Manual (http://www.orcbs.msu.edu/).

PPE should not be used as a substitute for engineering, work practices, and/or
administrative controls to protect employees from workplace hazards. PPE should be
used in conjunction with permanent protective measures, such as engineered guards,
substitution of less hazardous chemicals, and prudent work practices.

REFERENCE REGULATIONS

Personal Protective Equipment Standards

• OSHA 29 CFR 1910.132 - 1910.138,
http://www.osha-slc.gov/OshStd_toc/OSHA_Std_toc_1910_SUBPART_I.html
• MIOSHA General Industry (Part 33)
• http://www.michigan.gov/documents/CIS_WSH_part33_34779_7.pdf
• MIOSHA Health (Part 433)
http://www.michigan.gov/documents/CIS_WSH_part433Rev_53316_7.pdf

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DEFINITIONS

ANSI – American National Standard Institute, a nonprofit, voluntary membership

organization that coordinates the U.S. Voluntary Consensus Standards System. Their
standards have been adopted throughout government and industry for various types of
personal protective equipment.
Hazard Assessment – The investigation of the work environment for potential dangers
that could result in an injury or illness.

Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) – A document describing the hazards and safe
handling practices for a specific product.
Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) – Equipment worn by workers to protect against
hazards in the environment. Examples include safety glasses, face shields, respirators,
gloves, hard hats, steel-toed shoes, and hearing protection.

RESPONSIBILITY

Deans, Directors, and Department Heads

• Designate and authorize individuals who will be responsible for the preparation
and implementation of the Personal Protective Equipment Guidelines.
• Provide administrative and financial support for these Guidelines within
individual departments.
• Ensure the Personal Protective Equipment Guidelines are implemented and
maintained within the department.

DPPS/ORCBS
• Provide oversight and administration of the program.
• Provide technical information and assist departments in implementing an effective
PPE Program in their workplace.
• Provide training for PPE instruction, as needed.
• Review and revise the PPE Program, as needed for compliance with applicable
regulations.

ORCBS will be responsible for implementation of this Program within campus

laboratories.

DPPS will be responsible for implementation of this Program at Grounds, Housing,

Physical Plant and all Farms and Research Stations. DPPS will also be responsible for
shops and non-laboratory areas, such as greenhouses, within academic departments.

DPPS: Call 355-2222

ORCBS: Call 355-0153

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Supervisors

Implement all aspects of these Guidelines, including documentation of the hazard

assessments and site specific training.

• Be familiar with the applicable government regulations, safety standards, and

prudent safety practices to protect themselves and their fellow employees.
• Conduct hazard assessments (see Appendix A).
• Complete the Hazard Assessment Certification form.
• Acquire the correct PPE.
• Ensure that employees are trained;
o General on-line training
o Site-specific training.
• Document site-specific training and maintain records.
• Retrain employees if;
o Changes in the workplace render previous training obsolete
o Changes in the types of personal protective equipment to be used render
previous training obsolete
o Inadequacies in an affected employee’s knowledge or use of assigned
personal protective equipment indicate that the employee has not retained
the requisite understanding or skill.
• Document retraining of employees.

Employees

• Comply with these Guidelines and any further safety recommendations provided
by supervisors and/or DPPS/ORCBS regarding PPE.
• Conduct assigned tasks in a safe manner and wear all assigned PPE.
• Report any unsafe or unhealthy work conditions and job related injuries or
illnesses to the supervisor immediately.

PROCEDURES

General - The following steps are necessary for compliance with the PPE Guidelines:

1. Conduct a Hazard Assessment of the Workplace

A Hazard Assessment is not a new process; it is simply a formalization of what is done

whenever personal protective equipment is selected based on the hazards of the job.
When conducting a hazard assessment, a task is investigated and the hazards and the
potential hazards associated with the task are determined. This allows selection of
personal protective equipment that will protect the employee from the identified hazards.

A hazard assessment may be conducted on a single employee, performing a single task,

or a group of employees if all the employees perform an identical task. For example, if all
employees in a group are exposed to ultraviolet radiation during one type of welding, the

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hazard assessment could include all of the welders conducting that task. Likewise,
painters using similar types of materials or laboratory workers using similar types of
chemicals could be grouped under the same assessment.

The individual conducting the hazard assessment must have an intimate knowledge of
each task. In some cases this may require directly observing an employee. In other
instances the assessor may know all the hazards associated with a job without additional
review.

During the hazard assessment of each task, inspect the layout of the workplace and look
for the following hazard sources:

a. High temperatures that could result in burns, eye injury, ignition of equipment, heat
stress, etc.
b. Cold temperatures that could result in frostbite, lack of coordination, cold stress, etc.
c. Chemical exposure, including airborne or skin contact that would have the potential
for splash on the skin or eyes, or the potential to breathe vapors or mists.
d. Harmful dust or particulates
e. Light radiation, e.g., welding, cutting, brazing, furnaces, heat treating, high intensity
lights, etc.
f. Sources of falling objects, potential for dropping objects, rolling objects that could
crush or pinch the feet.
g. Sharp objects that may pierce the feet or cut the hands.
h. Electrical hazards.
i. Observe the layout of the workplace and the location of co-workers for the potential
for collision with other personnel or objects.
k. Any other identified potential hazard.

Where these hazards exist and could cause injury to employees, personal protective
equipment must be selected to eliminate substantially the injury potential. A PPE Hazard
Assessment Certification form and accompanying Hazard Assessment Checklist are
attached as Appendix A.

To assist each department and supervisor, sample PPE Hazard Assessment Certification
forms have been done for typical tasks for various job classifications. These can be
viewed on the ORCBS website. Supervisor may use these Certifications as they apply to
their employees. Be sure to evaluate the completed Hazard Assessment Certifications and
make any necessary modifications so that they specifically address the tasks your workers
perform. There may be other tasks that your workers perform that also need to be
assessed and added to the Certification form. If you need assistance, please contact
ORCBS or DPPS.

2. Certify a Hazard Assessment was performed

By signing the PPE Hazard Assessment Certification forms you will be certifying that
this process has been completed as required by the regulation. The forms must be kept
with the departmental Hazard Communication Plan. In laboratories, the forms must be

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kept with the Chemical Hygiene Plan. ORCBS/DPPS inspectors will ask to review these
forms during routine safety inspections.

3. PPE Selection Guidelines

a. General Considerations

For each hazard identified, select personal protective equipment that will protect the
employee by creating a barrier against workplace hazards. Consider the likelihood of an
accident and the seriousness of a potential accident. Personal protective equipment must
be selected to protect against any hazard that is present or likely to be present. It is
important for department personnel to become familiar with the potential hazards, the
type of protective equipment that is available, and the level of protection that is provided
by that equipment, i.e., splash protection, impact protection, etc.

The personal protective equipment selected must fit the employee it is intended to
protect. Make certain that employees have the correct size of protective equipment.
Whenever possible, select adjustable personal protective equipment. Employee input in
the selection process is critical. Personal protective equipment that fits properly and is
comfortable will more likely be worn by employees. Damaged or defective protective
equipment must be taken out of service immediately to be repaired or replaced and
employees must be provided with the proper equipment in the interim.

For the proper selection of PPE, please use the following resources:

• Information presented in these Guidelines;

• Appendix A guides: Eye and Face Protection Chart, Filter Lenses for Protection
against Radiant Energy Chart; Footwear Selection Guidelines, Selection of
Footwear for Chemical Resistance, Selection of Hand Protection, Selection of
Protective Clothing Materials, Selection of High Visibility Clothing
• Technical assistance from ORCBS/DPPS and the manufacturers of PPE;
• MSDSs for chemicals; and
• University Stores Catalog, product descriptions.

b. Eye and Face Protection

Eye and face protection must be used where a hazard exists due to any of the following:
• Flying objects or particles
• Molten metal
• Liquid chemicals
• Harmful contacts
• Exposures
• Acids or caustic chemicals
• Chemical gases or vapors
• Glare
• Air contaminants

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 • Radiation
• Electrical flash
• A combination of hazards

Select eye and face protection based on Tables 1 and 2 of Appendix A. If the
appropriate protection is not listed in the tables, such as laser eyewear, contact
ORCBS or DPPS for further assistance. All protective eye and face protection must
comply with ANSI Z 87.1-1989. Some departments provide prescription safety
glasses while others opt for the over-the-glass safety glasses.

c. Eye and Face Protection in Laboratories

Appropriate eye and face protective equipment must be worn at all times in those
laboratories where eye and face hazards exist.

Safety glasses are required when an impact hazard exists or when working with low
hazard chemicals, or when a low probability of splash exists. For example: pipeting,
handling a closed bottle of an injurious chemical, mixing solutions and opening
centrifuge tubes.

Chemical splash goggles are required when working with smaller amounts of
corrosive or injurious chemicals and a reasonable probability of splash exists. For
example: pouring acid out of a 1 pint bottle, pouring methylene chloride from a 1 liter
bottle or working with liquids under pressure.

Face shield and chemical splash goggles are required when: working with larger
quantities of corrosive chemicals and / or a high probability of eye and face injury
exists. For example: working with an acid bath, pouring 4 liters of acid into a
container or handling highly reactive chemicals that may spatter.

d. Head Protection

Head protection must be used when a hazard exists due to any of the following:

• Impact and penetration of falling objects

• Impact when working in low clearance areas
• Impact from hanging objects such as hooks and chains
• High voltage electric shock and burns
• Flying objects
• Electric shock
• Hair entanglement
• Chemicals
• Temperature extremes.

For example, operations requiring head protection may include: tree trimming,
construction and demolition work, electric and communication line maintenance.

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 Protective Helmets (Hard Hats)

Protective helmets are required where falling object hazards are present. Some
examples include: working below other workers who are using tools and materials
which could fall; working around or under conveyor belts which are carrying parts or
materials; working below machinery or process which might cause material or objects
to fall; and working on exposed energized conductors.

Some examples of occupations for which head protection should be considered are:
carpenters, electricians, linemen, mechanics and repairers, plumbers and pipe fitters,
assemblers, packers, wrappers, sawyers, welders, laborers, freight handlers, timber
cutting and logging, stock handlers, and warehouse laborers.

By the MIOSHA Standards, all hard hats must be certified to meet ANSI Z89.1-1986.
ANSI updated the standard in 1997 changing the types of helmets to provide for
crown and side impact protection. The class designation letters have also been
changed. Many suppliers are now only listing their products to the 1997 standard. All
hard hats meeting the 1997 standard will also meet the 1986 standard.

Be certain that hard hats provided are not bump caps. Bump caps look like hard hats
but they do not meet the requirements of ANSI Z89.1-1986 and cannot be used to
protect employees from the above listed hazards. To check this, inspect each hard hat
to confirm that it contains the designation "ANSI Z89.1-1986” or “ANSI Z89.1-
1997”.

Description of Protective Helmets – 1986 Standard

Type 1 Helmets with a full brim

Type 2 Brimless helmets with a peak extending forward from the crown.
Class A General service, limited voltage. Intended for protection against impact
hazard. Used in mining, construction, and manufacturing. Provides electrical
protection from low voltage conductors (tested to 2,200 volts)
Class B Utility service, high voltage. Used by electrical workers and workers who
also need protection from falling objects. Provides electrical protection from
high-voltage conductors (tested to 20,000 volts)
Class C Special service, no voltage protection. Designed for lightweight comfort and
impact protection. Used in certain construction, manufacturing, refineries,
and where there is a possibility of bumping the head against a fixed object.
Must not be used except where it has been determined that the use of other
types of protective helmets is impractical, such as where chemical reaction
will cause the deterioration of other types of head protection.

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Description of Protective Helmets – 1997 Standard

Type 1 Helmets providing crown impact protection

Type 2 Helmets providing lateral impact protection

Class G General service, limited voltage. Intended for protection against impact
hazard. Used in mining, construction, and manufacturing. Provides electrical
protection from low voltage conductors (tested to 2,200 volts)
Class E Utility service, high voltage. Used by electrical workers and workers who
also need protection from falling objects. Provides electrical protection from
high-voltage conductors (tested to 20,000 volts)
Class C Conductive – no electrical protection. Designed for lightweight comfort and
impact protection. Must not be used except where it has been determined that
the use of other types of protective helmets is impractical, such as where
chemical reaction will cause the deterioration of other types of head
protection.

Hair enclosures

Long hair (longer than four inches) can be drawn into machine parts such as chains,
belts, rotating devices, suction devices, and blowers. Hair may even be drawn into
machines guarded with mesh. It may also present an ignition risk in areas near open
flames or welding. Employees with long hair must cover and protect their hair with a
hat, cap, net, or bandana. These items must fit so as to not present a hazard either
with machinery, ignition sources, or interference with other PPE.

e. Foot Protection

Select protective footwear when employees work in areas where there is a danger of
foot injuries due to falling and rolling objects, objects piercing the sole, and where
employees' feet are exposed to electrical hazards. Select protective footwear based on
Tables 3 and 4 of Appendix A. Protective footwear must comply with ANSI Z41-
1991. Examples of situations that may require the use of protective footwear include:

• Handling heavy objects and/or tools that could be dropped;

• Work activities involving manual material handling carts, heavy pipes, or bulk
rolls, all of which could potentially roll over an employee's feet;
• Work involving sharp objects such as nails, tacks, large staples, scrap metal, etc.,
which could penetrate the sole of the shoe;
• Work involving explosive materials such as black powder, volatile substances,
cotton dust, grain dust that could be ignited by the discharge of static electricity;
• Work with electrical hazards;
• Work with electronic components.

Some occupations for which foot protection should be considered are: shipping and
receiving clerks, stock clerks, carpenters, electricians, machinists, mechanics and

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 repairers, plumbers and pipe fitters, structural metal workers, assemblers, drywall
installers and lathers, packers, wrappers, craters, welders, laborers, freight handlers,
gardeners and grounds-keepers, timber cutting and logging, stock handlers,
warehouse laborers, and farm workers.

f. Hand Protection

Select and use the appropriate hand protection when employees' hands may be
potentially exposed to the following hazard sources:

• skin absorption of harmful substances

• severe cuts or lacerations
• severe abrasions
• punctures
• chemical burns
• irritating materials
• thermal burns
• harmful temperature extremes
It is important to select appropriate gloves for a particular application and to
determine how long the glove can be worn, and whether it can be reused. Cloth
gloves must not be worn when operating rotating equipment such as a drill or
powered threading machine.

Gloves used to protect against chemical hazards should be selected based on tested
performance against specific chemicals. Glove manufacturers have developed
recommendations for the proper selection and use of chemically-protective gloves.
For online manufacturer recommendations go to
http://www.orcbs.msu.edu/chemical/glove_guide/glove_guide_master.htm
or contact the manufacturer or ORCBS/DPPS for assistance.

Refer to Appendix A, Table 5 for selection of hand protection other than chemically
protective gloves.

g. Body Protection, Other than Gloves

Body protection should be worn when there is a possibility of bodily injury from
hazards while performing their jobs.

Workplace hazards include the following:

• Intense heat
• Splashes of hot metals and other hot liquids
• Impacts from tools, machinery and materials
• Cuts
• Hazardous chemicals
• Contact with potentially infectious materials, like blood (refer to the Biosafety
Manual for PPE guidelines)
• Radiant energy (ultraviolet, visible, infrared)

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 • Motor vehicle traffic

Protective clothing needs to be provided only for the specific parts of the body that
are exposed to the hazard. Depending on the hazards of the workplace one or more of
the following may need to be provided:
• Vests
• Jackets
• Aprons
• Coveralls
• Sleeve protectors
• Surgical gowns
• Full body suits

The process for selecting chemically resistant clothes is similar to that for gloves.
Please check the manufacturers’ recommendations for the proper selection of
chemical protective clothing or contact ORCBS.

For protective clothing selection, other than chemical protection, refer to Appendix A,
Table 6.

MIOSHA requires the use of a fluorescent orange warning garment while flagging or
directing vehicular traffic. At night the garment is required to be reflectorized. A
voluntary standard, ANSI/ISEA 107-1999, has been developed to provide guidance in
selecting warning garments. This standard is not required by MIOSHA. Refer to
Appendix A, Table 7 for selection guidance.

4. Consultation With Affected Employees

Include employees in the PPE selection process to the extent possible and provide them
access to the PPE Hazard Assessment Certification form.

5. Training Requirements

Training will be conducted in two phases. Online general PPE training provided through
ORCBS will be required for all employees who wear PPE. Site specific PPE training will
be conducted by department supervisors and documented with the PPE Training Form.

On line training will include:

• When and why personal protective equipment is necessary;

• What type of personal protective equipment is necessary;
• How properly to don, doff, adjust and wear personal protective equipment;
• The limitations of the personal protective equipment;
• The proper care, maintenance, useful life and disposal of the personal protective
equipment.

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Site specific training will include:

• What type of personal protective equipment is necessary for each job;

• How properly to don, doff, adjust and wear personal protective equipment;
• How to obtain PPE
• Departmental cleaning, maintenance and replacement procedures.

Laboratory personnel must be instructed to remove gloves and lab coats prior to entering
common areas (hallways, elevators, eating areas, rest rooms, offices, etc.).

Each employee shall demonstrate an understanding of the training and the ability to use
personal protective equipment properly before being allowed to perform work requiring
the use of PPE.

Appendix B is a “PPE Training Guide” which can be discussed with or distributed to

employees.

6. Training Certification

Certify in writing any training that has been completed. Maintain the certification with
your departmental training records. Laboratories must keep the certification with the
Chemical Hygiene Plan. The certification must verify that each affected employee has
received and understood the required training. The record must be identified as a
certification. An example Training Certification form is provided in Appendix B.

7. Reassessment and Retraining

Reassessment of the workplace should be conducted when new equipment or processes

are introduced that could create new or additional hazards. If necessary, new training
must be completed. Accident records should be reviewed and the suitability of
previously selected PPE be reevaluated, if warranted.

When the supervisor has reason to believe that any affected employee who has been
trained does not have the understanding or skills required to use the personal protective
equipment properly, the supervisor shall retrain such employees and document the
retraining.

Retraining is also required when there have been changes in the workplace or personal
protective equipment that render previous training obsolete, or when there are
inadequacies in the affected employee's knowledge or use of the assigned personal
protective equipment.

TECHNICAL SUPPORT

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All referenced guidelines, regulations, and other documents are available through
ORCBS (5-0153) or DPPS (5-2221).

ATTACHMENTS

Appendix A - Hazard Assessment Information and PPE Selection Guides

Appendix B - PPE Training Guide

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 APPENDIX A

Hazard Assessment and PPE Selection Information

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 TABLE 1. EYE AND FACE PROTECTION SELECTION

SOURCE OF HAZARD ASSESSMENT OF HAZARD TYPE PROTECTION (see notes on next page)
IMPACT - Chipping, grinding, Flying fragments, objects, large chips, B, C, D, E, Spectacles with side protection, goggles,
machining, masonry work, woodworking, particles, sand, dirt, etc. F, G, H, I, face shields. See notes (1), (3), (5), (6),
sawing, drilling, chiseling, powered J, K, L, N (10). For severe exposure, use face shield.
fastening, riveting, and sanding
HEAT - Furnace operations, pouring, Hot sparks B, C, D, E, Face shields, goggles, spectacles with
casting, hot dipping, and welding. F, G, H, I, side protection. For severe exposure use
J, K, L, N face shield. See notes (1), (2), (3).
Splash from molten metals N Face shields worn over goggles. See
notes (1), (2), (3).
High temperature exposure N Screen face shields, reflective face
shields. See notes (1), (2), (3).
CHEMICALS - Acid and chemical Splash G, H, K Goggles. For severe exposure, use face
handling, use of cleaning products, paint shield. See notes (3), (11).
use and clean-up products, pesticide and
herbicide use.
Irritating mists G Special-purpose goggles
DUST - Woodworking, buffing, general Nuisance dust G, H, K {Goggles, or spectacles with side
dusty conditions. protection.} See note (8).
LIGHT and/or RADIATION - Welding: Optical radiation O, P, Q Welding helmets or welding shields.
Electric arc. Typical shades: 10-14. See notes (9) (12).
- Welding: Gas. Optical radiation J, K, L, M, Welding goggles or welding face shield.
N, O, P, Q Typical shades: gas welding 4-8, cutting
3-6, brazing 3-4. See note (9).
- Cutting, Torch brazing, Torch soldering. Optical radiation B, C, D, E, Spectacles or welding face shield. Typical
F, N shades: 1.5-3. See notes (3), (9).
- Glare. Poor vision A, B Spectacles with shaded or special purpose
lenses, as suitable. See (9), (10).

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NOTES FOR TABLE 1.
EYE AND FACE PROTECTION SELECTION

1. Care should be taken to recognize the possibility of multiple and simultaneous

exposure to a variety of hazards. Adequate protection against the highest level of each
of the hazards should be provided. Protective devices do not provide unlimited
protection.
2. Operations involving heat may also involve light radiation. As required by the
standard, protection from both hazards must be provided.
3. Faceshields should only be worn over primary eye protection (spectacles or goggles).
4. As required by the standard, filter lenses must meet the requirements for shade
designations in OSHA 1910.133(a)(5). Tinted and shaded lenses are not filter lenses
unless they are marked or identified as such.
5. As required by the standard, persons whose vision requires the use of prescription
(Rx) lenses must wear either protective devices fitted with prescription (Rx) lenses or
protective devices designed to be worn over regular prescription (Rx) eyewear.
6. Wearers of contact lenses must also wear appropriate eye and face protection devices
in a hazardous environment. It should be recognized that dusty and/or chemical
environments may represent an additional hazard to contact lens wearers.
7. Caution should be exercised in the use of metal frame protective devices in electrical
hazard areas.
8. Atmospheric conditions and the restricted ventilation of the protector can cause lenses
to fog. Frequent cleansing may be necessary.
9. Welding helmets or face shields should be used only over primary eye protection
(spectacles or goggles).
10. Non-side shield spectacles are available for frontal protection only, but are not
acceptable eye protection for the sources and operations listed for "impact."
11. Ventilation should be adequate, but well protected from splash entry. Eye and face
protection should be designed and used so that it provides both adequate ventilation
and protects the wearer from splash entry.
12. Protection from light radiation is directly related to filter lens density. See note (4) .
Select the darkest shade that allows task performance.

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TABLE 2. FILTER LENSES FOR PROTECTION
AGAINST RADIANT ENERGY
Operations Electric Size 1/32 in. Arc Current Minimum*
(amps) Protective Shade
Shielded metal arc Less than 3 Less than 60 7
welding 3-5 60 - 160 8
5-8 160 - 250 10
More than 8 250 - 550 11
Gas metal arc welding Less than 60 7
and flux cored arc 60 - 160 10
welding 160 - 250 10
250 - 500 10
Gas Tungsten arc Less than 50 8
welding 50 - 150 8
150 - 500 10
Air carbon Light Less than 500 10
Arc cutting Heavy 500 - 1000 11
Plasma arc welding Less than 20 6
20 - 100 8
100 - 400 10
400 - 800 11
Plasma arc cutting Light** Less than 300 8
Medium** 300 - 400 9
Heavy** 400 - 800 10
Torch soldering 2
Torch brazing 3
Carbon arc welding 14

Operations Plate Thickness – Thickness – mm Minimum *

inches Protective Shade
Gas Welding:
-Light Under 1/8 Under 3.2 4
-Medium 1/8 to 1/2 3.2 to 12.7 5
-Heavy Over 1/2 Over 12.7 6
Oxygen Cutting:
-Light Under 1 Under 25 3
-Medium 1 to 6 25 to 150 4
-Heavy Over 6 Over 150 5

* As a rule of thumb, start with a shade that is too dark to see the weld zone. Then go to a lighter shade
which gives sufficient view of the weld zone without going below the minimum. In oxyfuel gas welding or
cutting where the torch produces a high yellow light, it is desirable to use a filter lens that absorbs the
yellow or sodium line in the visible light of the (spectrum) operation.
** These values apply where the actual arc is clearly seen. Experience has shown that lighter filters may be
used when the arc is hidden by the workpiece.

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 TABLE 3. FOOTWEAR SELECTION GUIDELINES
(SEE NOTES ON FOLLOWING PAGE)

Hazard Types/Area ANSI Z41 ANSI Z41 ANSI Z41 ANSI ANSI ANSI Z41 Comments
Section 1 Section 2 Section 3 Section 4 Section 5 Section 6
Impact & Metatarsal Conductive Electrical Puncture Static
Compression Hazard Resistance Dissipative
Falling objects Required Recommended Metatarsals should be recommended any time potential hazards
exist that may result in blunt trauma injury to the metatarsal
portion of the foot resulting from falling, moving, or rolling
objects or equipment (Not just limited to falling objects)
Rolling objects Required Recommended
Sharp Objects Required Required
a) Glass/nails/rocks or other sharp
objects
Explosion Resulting from Required Required Do Not Do Not Use Conductive footwear must be kept clean and worn in conjunction
a) black powder Use with conductive (grounded) floors/mats/carpets.
b) volatile substances
c) dust (cotton/grain elevators)
Electrical Hazards Required Do Not Use Required* Do Not Use For specific voltage protection check with your footwear supplier.
a) Open circuits*/Dry Environment
b) Dielectric/Non-Conductive
Footwear
*Open Circuits (600 Volts or less AC)
Electronic Components Required Recommended Static Dissipative Footwear must be kept clean and worn in
conjunction with static dissipative flooring
*=Check with your protective footwear supplier for these specialty applications.

I/C = Impact/Compression Required – To meet the requirements of ANSI Z41 Standard a protective toe cap is required
Mt = Metatarsal Do not use – Use in this area is dangerous and may result in severe injury.
Cd = Conductive Recommended – The results of a Hazard Assessment may or may not require this special feature
EH = Electrical Hazard
PR = Puncture Resistant
SD = Static Dissipative There are three levels of protection for Impact/Compression and Metatarsal Protection: Class 30, 50, and
75. Class 75 is recommended for most application.

17
NOTES TO TABLE 3 PROTECTIVE FOOTWEAR SELECTION
ANSI Z41 divides protective footwear into the following six classes:

Section 1 Impact and Compression Resistance Identification Code I/C

Provides a test for a shoe’s capacity to protect the toe area of the foot against falling or rolling
objects. There are three levels of protection: Class 30, 50, and 75. Class 75 is the highest level and is
recommended for most applications.

Section 2 Metatarsal Identification Code Mt

Provides standards for the protection of the upper foot (metatarsal bones) and toe areas. Designed to
prevent or reduce injuries when the toe and metatarsal areas of the foot are exposed to drop hazards.
There are three levels of protection: Class 30, 50 and 75. Class 75 is the highest level and is
recommended for most applications.

Section 3 Conductive Footwear Identification Code Cd

Conductive footwear is designed to discharge static electricity from your body through your shoes
into grounded floors. Floors must be grounded so that a charge can be dissipated. Conductive
footwear is designed and manufactured to minimize static electricity and to reduce the possibility of
ignition of volatile chemicals, explosives, or explosive dusts.

Warning – Conductive footwear may NOT be worn near open electrical circuits or highly charged
objects of any kind that require Electrical Hazard (NON-conductive) footwear.

Section 4 Electrical Hazard Protective Sole and Heel Identification Code EH

The sole construction of Electrical Hazard footwear is designed to reduce the hazards due to the
contact of the sole with electrically energized parts and to provide secondary electrical hazards
protection on substantially insulated surfaces. The soles of electrical hazards footwear are designed
to reduce the potential of electrical shock when soles are exposed to open circuits (600 volts AC or
less).

Warning – Electrical Hazard non-conductive footwear may not be worn near explosives or in other
environments that require Conductive footwear.

Section 5 Sole Puncture Resistant Protective Device Identification Code PR

Footwear includes a sole puncture resistant protective device. This reduces the possibility of
puncture wounds to the soles of the feet by objects that could penetrate the outsoles of the footwear.
The protective plate must be an integral part of the shoe.

Section 6 Static Dissipative Identification Code SD

Footwear designed to reduce the accumulation of excess static electricity by conducting body charge
to ground, while maintaining a high enough level of electrical resistance.

18
 FIGURE 1. FOOTWEAR LABELING

Indicates gender ANSI Z41 PT99 Indicates the shoe as complying with
F-female M-male ANSI Z41, the letters “PT” signify
MI/75 C/75 the protective section, “99” indicates
EH the version of the standard

“C” indicates compression

C/75 = 2500 lb
Indicates additional certifications C/50 = 1750 lb
EH = Electrical Hazard C/30 = 1000 lb
Cd = Conductive
PR = puncture resistance
SD type 1 = static dissipative type 1
SD type 2 = static dissipative type 2
Mt = metatarsal protection
Mt/75 = 75 ft. lbf
Mt/50 = 50 ft. lbf
Mt/30 = 30 ft. lbf

Description Line Identification

Female protective footwear 1 ANSI Z41 PT99
With impact and compression protection 2 F 1/75 C/75

Male protective footwear 1 ANSI Z41 PT99

With impact and compression protection 2 M I/75 C/75
With metatarsal and electrical hazard 3 Mt/75 EH
protection 4 PR
With puncture resistance

Male protective footwear 1 ANSI Z41 PT99

With impact and compression protection 2 M I/30 C/30
With puncture resistance 3 PR
19
TABLE 4. SELECTION OF FOOTWEAR MATERIALS FOR CHEMICAL
RESISTANCE
Types of Upper Materials

R=Recommended NR=Not Recommended

Contaminant Leather Coated Textiles & Natural PVC PVC Polyurethane

Leather Coated Rubber Urethane
Fabrics Blend
Concentrated NR R** NR R R NR NR
mineral acids
Dilute mineral R R NR R R R R*
acids
Alkalis NR R NR R R R R*
Fats/organic R* R NR NR NR R R
acids
Polar organic R NR NR R NR NR NR
solvents#
Non-polar R R** NR NR R R R
organic
solvents##
Oils/lubricants R R** NR R NR R R
*=Some resistance, but only short term
**=Leather with nitrile rubber coating only

Types of Soling Materials

R=Recommended NR=Not Recommended

Contaminant PVC PVC Nitrile Polyurethane Polyurethane Natural Leather

Urethane Rubber Polyester Polyether Rubber
Blend
Concentrated R NR R R MR R NR
mineral acids
Dilute mineral R R R R R* R R*
acids
Alkalis R R R R R* R R*
Fats/organic NR R R R R NR R
acids
Polar organic NR NR NR R NR R R
solvents#
Non-polar R R R R R NR R
organic
solvents##
Oils/lubricants NR R R R R NR R
*=Some resistance, but only short term

# Polar organic solvents include those that dissolve in water including, ethanol, methanol, and acetone.
## Non-polar organic solvent do not dissolve in water and include hexane and benzene.

20
TABLE 5. SELECTION OF HAND PROTECTION
Hazard Degree of Hazard Protective Material
Abrasion Severe Reinforced heavy rubber, staple reinforced heavy leather
Less Severe Rubber, plastic, leather, polyester, nylon, cotton
Sharp Edges Severe Metal mesh, staple-reinforced heavy leather, Kevlar aramid-
steel mesh
Less Severe Leather, terry cloth (aramid fiber)
Mild with delicate work Lightweight leather, polyester, nylon, cotton
Chemicals Refer to ORCBS website
http://www.orcbs.msu.edu/chemical/chemical.html
Cold Severe Cryo-gloves, Zetex – not for immersion in liquid nitrogen
Less severe Leather, insulated plastic or rubber, wool, cotton
Electricity Rubber-insulated gloves tested to appropriate voltage meeting
ANSI/ASTM D120-87el
Heat High temperatures Zetex high temperature
(over 350 deg C)
Medium high Nomex, Kevlar, heat resistant leather with linings
(up to 350 deg C)
Warm Nomex, Kevlar, heat-resistant leather, terry cloth (aramid fiber)
(up to 200 deg C)
Less warm Chrome-tanned leather, terry cloth
(up to 100 deg C)
General Duty Cotton, terry cloth, leather
Product Contamination Thin film plastic, lightweight leather, cotton, polyester, nylon

21
TABLE 6. SELECTION OF PROTECTIVE CLOTHING MATERIALS

Hazard Protective Material

Heat Treated wool and cotton, leather, aluminized material,
Nomex
Splashes of hot metals and hot liquids Treated wool and cotton, leather, aluminized material,
Nomex
Impact from tools, machinery, and materials Leather, Kevlar, duck
Cuts Leather, Kevlar
Hazardous chemicals Chemical resistant clothing, contact manufacturer or
ORCBS
Dusts, dirt Paperlike fiber, duck, plastics
Abrasions, rough services Leather, duck
Cold Insulated cotton, insulated synthetic fabrics

Paperlike fiber – Disposable suits made of this material provide protection against dusts.
Nomex – A synthetic fiber which provides high heat resistance
Kevlar – A synthetic fiber which is highly resistant to cuts and punctures.
Treated wool and cotton – Protective clothing made from treated wool and cotton adapts well to changing
workplace temperatures and is comfortable as well as fire resistant. Treated cotton and wool clothing
protects against dust, abrasions, and rough and irritating surfaces
Duck – Closely woven cotton fabric protects against cuts and bruises while handling heavy, sharp, or rough
materials.
Leather- often used for protection against dry heat, flame, cuts, and abrasion.
Rubber, rubberized fabrics, neoprene and plastics – Protective clothing made from these materials protects
against certain acids and other chemicals.

22
TABLE 7. SELECTION OF HIGH VISIBILITY CLOTHING

Class Type of Work Traffic Speed Typical Jobs

Class I • Workers separated from Less than 25mph Warehouse workers,
approaching traffic sidewalk maintenance
• Workers give their undivided workers
attention to oncoming traffic
Class II • Working near moving traffic Greater than 25 mph Roadway construction
• Working during inclement weather workers, grounds crews
• Worker’s attention is occasionally
diverted from traffic
Class III • Workers must be seen from 1,280 Greater than 50 mph Emergency responders,
feet and identified as a person accident site investigators,
• Workers must focus all their utility workers, survey crews,
attention on their work highway construction
workers

Background Material Color Selection

There are three color choices fluorescent lime-yellow, fluorescent red-orange and fluorescent red.

What to consider when deciding on fluorescent background color for high visibility garments:

1. Natural environment – to be visible the garment must contrast with the natural surroundings. All three
of the Fluorescent colors are not typically found in nature, but things like red-orange blending in with
fall foliage or lime yellow blending in with yellow flowers need to be considered. Fluorescent colors are
effective in daytime and low-light conditions.
2. Work environment – to be visible in the work environment the garment must contrast with equipment,
vehicles and surroundings. It is very important that workers be identified as people and not just another
piece of equipment. What is the main color of your work zone? Do you need different identities within
that work zone?
3. Retroreflective trim color, type, and pattern – retroreflective trim is required for low-light and nighttime
visibility, but can also be used to provide daytime contrast and human definition.
4. Recognition factor – what is the easiest color to see? That depends somewhat on what people are
conditioned to see (e.g. red fire engine) and on visual perception. Colorblind people tend to see the
lime-yellow color better than red or red-orange. The current trend is to associate fluorescent lime-
yellow with pedestrians (pedestrian crosswalk signs).
5. Visibility demonstration – the best way to determine the appropriate background color and garment
design is to conduct a visibility demonstration in your work environment.

23
PPE Program Compliance Checklist
Part 1. Personal Protective Equipment Hazard Assessment

Survey the workplace and identify tasks/jobs that require personal protective equipment (PPE).
Include all tasks that require PPE. Sample PPE assessments are viewable on the ORCBS web
site.
Identify potential hazards associated with each task using the Personal Protective Equipment
Survey and Analysis Checklist (page26) for guidance.
Indicate the required PPE on the PPE Hazard Assessment Certification Form.
Complete the PPE Hazard Assessment Certification Form (page 28) and sign it.
Maintain copies of the PPE Hazard Assessment Certification Forms with your Chemical
Hygiene Plan (for laboratories) or with your Hazard Communication Program (for non-
laboratory areas).
Part 2. Employee Training

Identify the PPE online training modules required for your employees. Employees need only
take those modules for the PPE that they use.
Eye and face Gloves Foot protection
Body protection Head protection
Distribute to employees, copies of your PPE Hazard Assessment Certification Forms.
Instruct employees to take the ORCBS online PPE training for the modules required for their job.
Provide site specific training for your employees. Include the following topics:
• What type of personal protective equipment is necessary for each job;
• How properly to don, doff, adjust and wear personal protective equipment;
• How to obtain PPE
• Departmental cleaning, maintenance and replacement procedures.
Use the MSU Certification of Personal Protective Equipment Training Form on page 21 to
document training. Maintain this record with your PPE assessments.

24
25
 Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) Survey and Analysis

Department: ___________________________Location:_________________________
Job Classification:_______________________Operation/Process_________________
Person performing assessment: ________________________Title_________________

THE FOLLOWING HAZARDS HAVE BEEN NOTED

Part of
Body Hazard Required PPE Notes
Hands Penetration - sharp objects Leather/cut resistant gloves
Penetration – animal bites Leather/cut resistant gloves
Penetration – rough General purpose work gloves
objects
Penetration – knives Metal mesh, Kevlar, steel mesh,
heavy leather
Chemicals Chemical resistant gloves
_______________________ Type____________
Extreme cold Insulated gloves
Extreme heat Heat flame resistant gloves
Blood Nitrile gloves
Electrical shock Insulated rubber gloves
Type___________
Product contamination Plastic, cotton, nylon
Other Other______________
Eyes and Impact-flying objects, Safety glasses w/side shields
Face chips, sand or dirt Goggles w/face shield
Nuisance dust Unvented chemical goggles
UV light welding, cutting, Welding goggles
torch brazing or soldering Welding helmet/shield w/safety
glasses & side shields
Chemical – splashing Chemical goggles/face shield
liquid
Chemical – irritating mists Unvented chemical goggles
Hot sparks-grinding Safety glasses w/side shields
Safety goggles w/face shield
Splashing molten metal Safety goggle w/face shield
Glare/high intensity lights Shaded safety glasses
Laser operations Laser goggles or glasses
Other Other
Ears Exposure to noise levels Ear muffs or plugs
>85 dBA 8-hour TWA
Exposure to noise levels Ear muffs AND plugs
>105 dBA 8 hour TWA
Exposure to sparks Leather
Other Other

26
Respiratory For comfort for nuisance Disposable dust/mist mask
System dust/mist
Welding fumes Respirator w/P100 filter
Asbestos Respirator w/P100 filter
Pesticides Respirator w/cartridges as per
pesticide label
Paint Spray Respirator w/OV/P100
Organic Vapors Respirator with organic
cartridges
Acid gases Respirator w/acid gas cartridges
Oxygen deficient/toxic or SCBA or Type C airline
IDLH atmosphere respirator
Feet Impact-heavy objects Steel toe safety shoes
Compression-rolling or Leather boots or safety shoes
pinching objects/vehicles w/metatarsal (top of foot) guards
Slippery or wet surfaces Slip resistant soles
Electrical hazards Electrical hazard shoes
Explosive atmosphere Conductive footwear
Penetration-sharp objects Puncture resistant soles
Penetration-chemical Chemical resistant boots/covers
Splashing-chemical Rubber boots/closed top shoes
Exposure to extreme cold Insulated boots or shoes
Other Other
Head Object from overhead Type 1 ANSI Z89.1-1997
Impact to side of head Type 2 ANSI Z89.1-1997
Struck by falling object Hard Hat Class
Struck against fixed object Class A/G
Electrical contact with Class B/E
exposed wires/conductors
Special circumstances – no Class C
electrical protection
Hair entanglement, open Cap, hairnet, bandana
flames
Other Other
Body Impact-flying objects Long sleeves/apron/coat
Moving vehicles Traffic vest
Penetration-sharp objects Cut-resistant sleeves, wristlets
Penetration-knives Metal mesh, Kevlar, steel mesh,
heavy leather sleeves, wristlets,
aprons
Electrical-static discharge Static control coats/coveralls
Hot metal or sparks Flame-resistant jacket/pants,
aluminized jacket/pants
Chemical ____________ Lab coat or apron/sleeves
Unprotected elevated Body harness and lanyard
walking/working surface
Other Other

27
28
Personal Protective Equipment
Hazard Assessment Certification
Job Title Date
Department Supervisor
Location\Worksite Signature
Employee Name(s) (I hereby certify that this hazard assessment has been
performed in accordance with the MSU PPE Guideline)

Tasks, Job Classifications Potential Hazard PPE required Type of PPE Required
or Workstation (Yes/No)

29
 APPENDIX B

PPE TRAINING GUIDE

GENERAL CONSIDERATIONS

The information provided in this document will assist in complying with the training provisions
of the MIOSHA Personal Protective Equipment regulations. Prior to conducting work requiring
the use of personal protective equipment (PPE), employees must be trained to know:

• When and why personal protective equipment is necessary;

• What type of personal protective equipment is necessary;
• How properly to don, doff, adjust and wear personal protective equipment;
• The limitations of the personal protective equipment;
• The proper care, maintenance, useful life and disposal of the personal protective
equipment.

Upon completion of the training, the employee must be able to demonstrate his or her knowledge
of these elements. Any type of training format can be used as long as a hands-on session is
incorporated. PowerPoint presentations are available from ORCBS/DPPS to assist with
employee PPE training. Documentation of training is required.

Information is provided in this document for eye and face protection, as well as head, foot and
hand protection. Each section can be used as needed and be adapted to individual workplaces
after the completion of a Hazard Assessment to select the proper PPE.

Whenever PPE is used, employee comfort should be considered. When PPE does not fit
properly, workers will tend not to use it. Follow the manufacturer’s recommendations for proper
PPE usage.

EYE AND FACE PROTECTION

Eye and face protection must be used where a hazard exists due to any of the following:

• Flying objects or particles

• Molten metal
• Liquid chemicals
• Harmful contacts
• Exposures
• Acids or caustic chemicals
• Chemical gases or vapors
• Glare

30
 • Air contaminants
• Radiation
• Electrical flash
• A combination of hazards

Eye and face protection is available for protection against a variety of hazards. The hazard must
be identified prior to selecting the PPE to ensure the employee will be properly protected. Side
shields are required when there is an impact hazard from flying objects or a chemical splash
hazard present. Safety glasses and goggles can protect against impact hazards. Safety glasses are
made of special materials to provide the necessary impact protection. All eye and face protection
must meet the requirements of the ANSI (American National Standards Institute) Standard
Z87.1-1989, entitled “American National Standard Practice for Occupational and Educational
Eye and Face Protection.” Laser eyewear must meet the requirements of ANSI Z136.1, 136.2,
and 136.3.

To comply with the Michigan Occupational Safety and Health Administration (MIOSHA)
requirements for PPE, eye protection must:

• Provide adequate protection against the hazards for which it is designed

• Be reasonably comfortable under the conditions of use
• Fit securely without interfering with vision or movement
• Be durable
• Be kept clean and in good repair

Protective eyewear and face wear should be adjusted to provide maximum protection to the areas
being protected. Eyeglasses should be worn close to the face to minimize gaps that would allow
foreign materials to enter the eye. Eye and face protection should be kept clean based on
recommendations from the manufacturer. When the protection becomes scratched or damaged, it
should be replaced. Pits or scratches may affect the impact resistance. Workers should inspect
eye and face protection before wearing and replace any defective equipment.

Goggles can be worn over spectacles and can be vented or non-vented. Goggles are available for
splash and impact protection, depending on the hazard. Face shields are considered a secondary
form of protection and must be used in combination with spectacles or goggles to offer the
necessary impact protection to the eye.

Filter lens protection should be selected by starting with a shade that is too dark to see the weld
zone. Then go to a lighter shade, which gives sufficient view of the weld zone without going
below the minimum. In oxyfuel gas welding or cutting where the torch produces a high yellow
light, it is desirable to use a filter lens that absorbs the yellow or sodium line in the visible light
of the operation.

31
TABLE 8. EYEWEAR SELECTION CHART

Type of Work Hazard Minimum Eye Extended Exposure

Protection Protection
Chipping, drilling, Flying particles • Direct-vent goggles • Face shield with clear
riveting, hammering, • Spectacles with lens worn with
woodworking, sanding, sideshields goggles or spectacles
grinding
Chemical handling Liquid splash • Indirect-vent goggles • Faceshield with
goggles
Laboratory tasks Chemical splash, glass • Indirect-vent goggles • Faceshield worn with
breakage goggles or spectacles
Clinical or medical Potentially Infectious • Spectacles with solid • Goggles with indirect
jobs material splash sideshields ventilation
• Disposable or reusable • Double-crown
Faceshield faceshield

Tasks in ultraviolet Exposure to direct or For UV protection up to • UV resistant

(UV) light reflected UV radiation 380 nm: faceshield worn with
in the 200 to 400 nm • spectacles or goggles spectacles goggles
range with polycarbonate
lens
For UV protection up to
405 nm:
• Spectacles or goggles
with polycarbonate
lens and UV inhibiting
spectacle frames
goggle bodies

Laser work Reflected or direct beam • Laser-specific

impact spectacles goggles
Furnace operations, Glare, heat, molten • Indirect-vent goggles • Handshield or
pouring and casting metals, hot sparks • Reflective faceshield welding helmet
molten metal worn with spectacles (Shade 4 to 8)
Welding (electric arc) Infrared Welding helmet or
radiation and shield (Shade 10 to 14)
sparks
Welding (gas) Infrared radiation and • Welding goggles or
sparks hand shield (filter
Shade 4 to 5)
• Full face protection in
applications requiring
a lens shade greater
than Shade 5
Cutting, brazing, Infrared radiation and • Filter lens spectacles
soldering sparks or handshield:
- Cutting (Shade 3 to 6)
- Brazing (Shade 3 to 4)
- Soldering (Shade 1.5
to 3)

32
Inspection and Maintenance

Lenses of eye protectors must be kept clean. Continuous vision through dirty lenses can cause
eyestrain - often an excuse for not wearing the eye protection. Daily inspection and cleaning of
eye protectors with soap and warm water, or with a cleaning solution and tissues, is
recommended.

Pitted and scratched lenses can also be a source of reduced vision and compromised protection.
Excessively pitted or scratched or otherwise damaged eye and face protection must be replaced.

If safety glasses are to be worn with hearing protection, they must be compatible. If earmuffs are
worn, the temple piece of the glasses must not break the seal of the muff. Thin temple piece
glasses must be selected to avoid compromising the noise reduction capabilities of the muff.

Cleaning and Disinfection Procedure for Shared Use Eyewear

Safety eyewear should be regularly cleaned and disinfected. Eyewear issued for the exclusive
use of one worker may be cleaned as often as necessary. Weekly or monthly cleaning is usually
adequate but more frequent cleaning may be necessary. When eyewear is shared it must be
cleaned and disinfected before use by a different employee. To clean and disinfect eyewear use
the following procedure:

a) Check lenses for scratches. Check head straps for tears or loss of elasticity.
Discard and replace any defective parts.

b) Wash in warm (43° C [110° F] maximum) water with a mild detergent or with
a cleaner recommended by the manufacturer. A stiff bristle (not wire) brush
may be used to facilitate the removal of dirt, taking care to not scratch the
lenses

c) When the cleaner used does not contain a disinfecting agent, eyewear should
be immersed for two minutes in one of the following:

i. Hypochlorite solution (50 ppm of chlorine) made by adding approximately

one milliliter of laundry bleach to one liter of water at 43° C (110° F); or,

ii. Aqueous solution of iodine (50 ppm iodine) made by adding

approximately 0.8 milliliters of tincture of iodine (6-8 grams ammonium
and/or potassium iodide/100 cc of 45% alcohol) to one liter of water at 43°
C (110° F); or,

iii. Other commercially available cleansers of equivalent disinfectant quality

when used as directed, if their use is recommended or approved as a
disinfectant by the EPA.

d) Rinse components thoroughly in clean, warm (43° C [110° F] maximum),

preferably running water. The importance of thorough rinsing cannot be
33
 overemphasized. Detergents or disinfectants that dry on face pieces may result
in dermatitis. In addition, some disinfectants may cause deterioration of
plastic and elastic parts if not completely removed.

e) Eyewear should be hand-dried with a clean lint-free cloth or air-dried.

HEAD PROTECTION

Head protection is available to protect the head from falling objects (impact and penetration),
electrical hazards, and bump hazards. Protective headwear must comply with ANSI-Z89.1-1986
or 1997, entitled “American National Standards for Personal Protection - Protective Headwear
for Industrial Workers.” Hard hats must be labeled with the ANSI Certification. ANSI reissued
the Standard in 1997, adding two types of helmets:

Type 1 - Helmets providing crown impact protection

Type 2 - Helmets providing lateral impact protection.

There are three classes of headwear addressed in the ANSI Standard. Classes A and B are for
helmets listed to the 1986 Standard. Classes G and E are helmets listed to the 1997 Standard.

Class A or G Helmet - will reduce the force of impact/penetration of falling objects and, are
built to reduce the danger of contact with exposed “low voltage” conductors.

Class B or E Helmet - will also reduce the force of impact/penetration of falling objects and are
built to reduce the danger of contact with exposed “high voltage” conductors.

Class C Helmet - offers the same type of impact/penetration protection as Class A and B
helmets, but offers no protection from electrical hazards. Must not be used except where it has
been determined that the use of other types of protective helmets is impractical, such as where
chemical reaction will cause deterioration of other types of head protection.

Where Required

Protective helmets are required where falling object hazards are present. Some examples
include: working below other workers who are using tools and materials which could fall;
working around or under conveyor belts which are carrying parts or materials; working below
machinery or process which might cause material or objects to fall; and working on exposed
energized conductors.

Hair enclosures are required for long hair (longer than four inches), which can be drawn into
machine parts such as chains, belts rotating devices, suction devices, and blowers. Hair may even
be drawn into machines guarded with mesh. It may also present an ignition risk in areas near
open flames or welding. Employees with long hair must cover and protect their hair with a hat,
cap, net, or bandana. These items must fit so as to not present a hazard either with machinery,
ignition sources, or interference with other PPE.

34
Proper Usage of Protective Helmets

The shell is the rigid part of the hat and the suspension is the inner portion that cradles the head.
The suspension performs two functions. First it orients and keeps the helmet on the head. It is
adjustable to maintain a snug and comfortable fit. The second and most important function of the
suspension is to absorb and distribute the impact of a falling object. This is the reason for the
space between the suspension and the shell. Never apply paints or solvents to the helmet; it could
damage the strength and dielectric properties.

Accessories are available for head protection such as, hearing protection, faceshields, sweat
bands, and winter liners. Always follow the manufacturer’s direction for proper usage of
accessories.

Inspection and Maintenance

Inspect the shell and the suspension before each use. Look for cracks, chips, dents, or
deterioration or any other signs that would indicate the need to replace the shell immediately.
Look for cracks, tears or broken straps in the suspension and replace as necessary. Never mix
suspensions and shells from different manufacturers.

Use warm soap and water to clean the helmet as necessary.

FOOT PROTECTION

Foot protection is necessary when hazards exist that could result in impact and compression,
electrical, conductive, or metatarsal injuries. Foot protection must comply with the requirements
of ANSI Z41-1991, “American National Standard for Personal Protection - Protective
Footwear.”

Selection and Maintenance

Keep protective footwear clean and polished, they will last longer. Replace broken or frayed
laces. Be attentive to the wear and tear on the entire shoe or boot. Refer to Table 9 for the
proper care, maintenance and useful life of protective footwear.

35
 TABLE 9. PROPER CARE, MAINTENANCE, USEFUL LIFE AND DISPOSAL OF
PROTECTIVE FOOTWEAR
Section 1 Impact Section 2 Section 3 Section 4 Section 5 Section 6 Leather Rubber
& Compression Metatarsal Conductive Electrical Puncture Static
Hazard Resistance Dissipative
Proper care & Warning: If insert Keep external Keep soles clean. Avoid Keep sole clean. Clean according Clean according
maintenance or insole is added, metatarsal Do not add moisture. Do not add to footwear to
of protective device may reduce guards properly comfort insoles Keep free of comfort insoles manufacturer’s manufacturer’s
footwear the laced in shoes. or use foot conductive that will affect instructions. specification to
impact/compression powder, these materials (e.g. static dissipative Do not store in remove
clearance. will affect screws, nails, properties or near direct impurities. Do
conductivity. Do metal adversely. Be heat not store in
not use socks shavings). sure insole direct sunlight or
made of silk, maintains static near electric
wool, or nylon, dissipative test. motors1.
they will create
static electricity
Useful life and If evidence of Dispose after Dispose after Dispose if sole Dispose of Dispose after Dispose after Dispose after
disposal of physical damage to an impact has soles become is punctured or after an object soles become cracks or cracks or
protective the toe and/or occurred to the contaminated cut, embedded becomes contaminated punctures punctures appear
footwear evidence of metatarsal and/or no longer with embedded in and/or no longer appear in the in the rubber.
physical damage to guard or after conductive. conductive the puncture test SD leather
the toe area or to exterior materials or resistance
the shoe exists, covering after device.
replace the becomes torn significant
footwear at once. exposing the wear causes
metatarsal the sole
guard. thickness to
diminish

(1) Sunlight and electric motors – Ultra violet light from sunlight and/or ozone from electric motors may cause rubber to crack.

Slip resistant footwear

Proper care and maintenance of Keep sole design clean and free of debris
protective footwear
Useful life and disposal of protective Dispose after tread design is worn or cracked.
footwear

Worn protective footwear should not be altered or repaired to be sure the protective footwear properties remain

36
HAND PROTECTION

Hand protection is available to protect against cut/punctures, abrasions, thermal burns, vibration,
chemical exposures, and electrical shock. There is not a single glove that will protect from all
hazards. Selection of gloves must be based on the hazards that are present, the job task, work
conditions, and the duration of use. Gloves to be used to protect against the effects of chemical
use should be selected based on each manufacturers glove selection charts. Do not assume that
the protection offered by one manufacturers glove will apply to all types of similar gloves. The
protection of each glove is based on the manufacturing processes and glove thickness.

Use and Maintenance

Gloves that are torn or damaged should not be used. There is potential for the glove to be caught
in machinery or other equipment. Consideration of the following items is necessary when using
gloves to protect against chemical hazards:

Penetration - This when a chemical passes through a physical defect in the glove, such as a
pinhole or tear. Inspect gloves prior to each use.

Degradation- This occurs when the chemical has some noticeable effect on the glove. The glove
may appear wrinkled, dimpled, or cracked. Dispose of gloves if any of these signs appear. Never
use defective gloves.

Permeation - Permeation is the movement of a chemical through the glove. The vapor as well as
the liquid phase of chemical can pass through the glove material. This is more difficult to detect
than the previous types of warning signs. This is why it is very important to utilize the glove
selection guides that are provided by the manufacturer. Refer to the ORCBS Glove Guide for
assistance in glove selection. http://www.orcbs.msu.edu/chemical/chemical.html

Assure that the glove will provide adequate protection for the chemical to be encountered. If
multiple chemical hazards exist, base the effectiveness of the glove on the chemical with the
fastest breakthrough time. Inspect gloves prior to each use. If gloves are to be reused, follow the
manufacturer’s instructions for proper decontamination and storage. It is important to note the
expected service life of the glove as well, to plan for expected disposal times.

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 Michigan State University
Certification of Personal Protective Equipment Training

I______________________________________ certify that the following affected employees have received and understood personal protective equipment
(print full name)
(PPE) training, which included the following: when PPE is necessary; what PPE is necessary; how to properly don, doff, adjust, and wear PPE; the limitations of the PPE;
and the proper care, maintenance, useful life and disposal of the PPE. Each of the affected employees has demonstrated an understanding of the above and an ability to use
the PPE properly. This training is in compliance with 29 CFR 1910.132 (f).

Name Signature Equipment Type Date of Training

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