10
TLE – Industrial Arts:
Electronics
Product Assembly
and Servicing
Quarter 1 – Module 1
Prepare Unit, Tools, and
Workplace for Installation and
service
Technology and Livelihood Education- Grade 10
Quarter 1 – Module 1: Prepare Unit, Tools, and Workplace for Installation and
service
First Edition, 2020
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Development Team of the Module
Compilers: Rodulfo Y. Trocio
Editors: Johnny P. Mayor, Violly Chyril S. Bugtong, and Diannah Flores
Reviewer: Marlene G. Padigos
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What I Need to Know
This module contains information and suggested learning activities in Maintaining and
Repairing a Washing Machine. Additionally, pre-testing and disassembling-assembling
procedure of a washing machine are included to comply with the standard operating
procedure. There are forms to accomplish for proper documentation.
This module covers only one lesson;
• Prepare Unit, Tools, Equipment and Workplace for Repair/Maintenance
After going through this module, you are expected to:
• prepare necessary tools, test instruments and personal protective equipment
in line with job requirements
• conduct complete check-up of electronically-controlled domestic appliances
• document the identified defects based on check-up conducted
What I Know
Use a separate sheet in answering the test. Be sure to write the following:
Name: ______________________________ Grade and Section: ___________________
Subject: _____________________________Lesson Title: _________________________
Directions: Read each statement carefully and write the letter and word/s of your
answer on a separate sheet.
1. It refers to a domestic appliance that washes clothes and linens.
A.Blender C. Vacuum Cleaner
B. Microwave Oven D. Washing Machine
2. It is a device that is responsible in the conversion of electrical energy into
mechanical energy to facilitate an act of washing.
A. AC cord C. Spin timer
B. AC motor D. Wash timer
3. In a washing machine, it serves as a washing tub.
A. Drain Hose C. Pulsator
B. Drum D. Top Cover
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4.In a washing machine, it serves as a passage way out of water.
A. Drain Hose C. Pulsator
B. Drum D. Top Cover
5. It is a rotating part inside the tub of a washing machine and responsible in
making the water to spin.
A. Drain Hose C. Pulsator
B. Drum D. Top Cover
6. It is a processing circuit that accepts the input signal coming from sensor,
program selection control and it provides the triggering voltage to the power
controller.
A. Comparator C.Input command
B. Drain Hose D. Pulsator
7.It is used to cover the tub.
A. Drain Hose C. Pulsator
B. Drum D. Top Cover
8. It is responsible in transmitting mechanical energy from the AC motor to the
pulley of gear assembly.
A. AC motor C. Drive control
B. Drive belt D. Pulley
9. It is a handtool used in holding, gripping and cutting of wires.
A. Blade cutter C. Screwdriver
B. Pliers D. Soldering iron
10. It is a measuring instrument used to check continuity and resistance of a
circuit.
A. Ammeter C. Voltmeter
B. Ohmmeter D. Wattmeter
What’s In
Electronics technicians help design, develop, test, manufacture, install, and repair
electrical and electronic equipment such as communication equipment, medical
monitoring devices, navigational equipment, and computers. They may be employed in
product evaluation and testing, using measuring and diagnostic devices to adjust, test,
and repair equipment. Electronics technicians may also work as sales workers or field
representatives for manufacturers, wholesalers, or retailers giving advice on the
installation, operation, and maintenance of complex equipment and may write
specifications and technical manuals.
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What’s New
One day your washing machine was faithfully cleaning your clothes, and you barely
even gave its operation a second thought. Then, any number of scenarios occurred.
Perhaps the machine's basin fills with water but it will not drain. Or it drains but does
not spin. Or the clothes are washed but are not very clean. In short, your washing
machine does not work at its peak performance or has entirely stopped working.
For a machine that works so hard, it is hardly surprising that your clothes washer will
occasionally break down or its performance will degrade to the point where the clothes
are not getting sufficiently clean. Instead of calling in an expensive appliance technician,
you can repair your washing machine by yourself. Most of these repairs require only
simple tools and can be performed by homeowners who have only limited appliance
repair skills.
What is It
In every electronic work, it is a must to prepare first the necessary tools, materials, and
equipment needed as well as the information. The following list of tools, materials, and
equipment are needed in maintaining and repairing a washing machine:
Tools and Materials in Maintaining Electronically Controlled Wasching Machine
Soldering Iron with stand Soldering Lead Desoldering Tool
Diagonal Cutting Pliers Long Nose Pliers Wire Stripper
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Adjustable Plier Philip Screwdriver Flathead Screwdriver
Multitester/ Volt-Ohm- Combination Wrench Utility Knife
Milliammeter (VOM)
ESD Wrist Strap Mask Non-Static Brush
Apron Cable Tie Electrical Tape
Eye Protector/ Goggles Gloves Soldering Paste
Operation of a Washing Machine
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Washing Machine is a domestic appliance that washes clothes with the aid of water and
detergent. It is also called laundry machine, clothes washer, or washer that includes
immersing dipping, rubbing, or scrubbing of clothes in water. This machine is power
driven with an AC motor connected to the power source (220v/60 Hz) so that the
electrical energy can be converted into mechanical energy in order to facilitate an act of
washing rinsing and spinning. The simplest washing machine just agitates clothes in
water with detergent, wherein some includes wash and spin timers for automatic
operations. Automatic machines or those electronically controlled may fill, empty, wash,
spin and heat in a cycle. The usual domestic washing machine can be considered
automatic because of the mechanical timer used. Electronically-controlled are those
machines that utilize electronic circuit for switching and program of the operation
depending on the features.
Parts of Washing Machine and their Functions
Source: Service Manual- Automatic Washing Machine DWF-270G
Internal Parts External Parts
Drum Program Selection Control
Pulsator AC Cord
Water Inlet
Side Cover Tub
Drain Hose
Top Cover
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Functions of each part
Top Cover is used to cover the tub.
Pulsator is a rotating part inside the tub and responsible in making the
water spin.
Drain Hose is an outlet serves as a passage way out for water after spinning has
been done.
Side Cover Tub is the main casing/housing for the parts of the unit.
Drum serves as a washing tub.
Water Supply Hose is an inlet of water.
Tub is a drum-like component in which water, clothes and soap are put
together prior to washing/spinning.
Block Diagram of Electronically-Controlled Washing Machine
Source: STVEP-CES NC II CBLM
Power Controller- is a circuit that controls the amount of power supplied to the motor.
Sensor- is an input receiver that detects input signal coming from forward and reverse
motor. It detects any abnormality of the operation for automatic shut off.
Program Selection Control- is a set of push button switch that set the operation
required of the washing machine. This circuit has a timing sequence to be selected as
low, medium, or high depending on how long and type of fabric to be washed.
Comparator- is a processing circuit that accepts the input signal coming from sensor
and program selection control. This enables/ disables a sequence of command for the
power controller.
Forward/Reverse Motor- is an electric machine which changes applied electrical
energy or power into mechanical output energy or power.
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Input Command - is a setting period of the user.
AC Plug- is a connector intended for connecting the unit to the main power source of
220V.
Drive Belt - is used to transmit mechanical energy from a driving pulley to a drive
pulley.
Buzzer- is an audio/ sound signal device to confirm or indicate that task programmed
or set is done or a problem occurred. This may be mechanical, electromechanical, or
piezoelectric.
Source:
Another example of Washing Machine (parts labeled)
Functions of each part
Timer Control-is a special clock mechanism or motor operated device used to perform
switching operations at predetermined time intervals.
Water Level Control- is a dial used to manage the quantity of water needed.
Wash Selector- is used to choose the task to be done
Water Supply Hoses- is an access for water supply
Drain Hose- is an outlet for the water to be dispense
Water Inlet Valve- is used to allow or stop water to flow
Off-Balance Switch- is used to shut the washer off to protect the washer if load is
unbalance
Water Filter- is used to take out dirt from water by means of a fine physical barrier
Spin Pulley- is used to transmit power from the electric motor to spin assembly
Spin Assembly- is used to control the power at the transmission
Water Pump- is used to push the water out of the unit.
Water Hose- is a passage way out of the water.
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Transmission- is also known as gear box assembly; transmit and boost mechanical
power from the motor to the agitator.
Motor- is an electromechanical device that converts electrical energy into mechanical
energy or motion.
Motor Pulley- is used to transmit power from the electric motor to the transmission
through drive belt.
Water Level Control Assembly- it contains valve that is used to control the quantity of
water needed.
Lid Switch- is the safety feature of the unit that operates with the lid.
Tub- is a large round container where act of washing happen.
Agitator- is a mechanism inside the tub that makes the water and clothes to spin.
Basic Concept of Electronic Control
Electronic control is also referred as electronic regulation that is done to an appliance,
situation or load by electronic devices. Domestic appliances are commonly controlled
directly or manually using electrical switches and timers. In electronic devices,
transformer is commonly used not just to reduce the supply voltage (220VAC) but also
to isolate the load from the power source. To apply this safety feature to domestic
appliance, a device (electrically or electronically operated) is needed. Relay and triac is
just an example of devices that can be used.
Relay
A relay is an electrically operated switch. Various relays use an electromagnet to
mechanically operate a switch, but other operating principles are also used, such as
solid-state relays. Relays are used where it is necessary to control a circuit by a low-
power signal or where several circuits must be controlled by one signal.
Electromagnet Type
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Parts of Electromagnet Type Relay
• Yoke: Heavy-duty frame that enclose and supports the parts of the relay.
• Coil: Magnetic wire that is wound around a metal core. Creates an
electromagnetic field when energize.
• Armature: A relays moving part. The armature opens and closes the
contacts. An attached spring returns the armature to its original position.
• Contacts: The conducting part of the switch that closes or opens a circuit.
Illustration of a Relay
Schematic symbol of relay
Coil is a wire wound around a metal core. If this coil of wire is energized, electromagnetic
field is produced causing the COM terminal to connect with NO terminal. If coil is not
energized, COM is at NC terminal (COM-common/ NO- normally open/ NC- normally-
closed).
Relays involve two circuits: the energizing circuit and the contact circuit. The coil is on
the energizing side; and the relays contacts are on the contact side. When a relays coil
is energized, current flow through the coil creates a magnetic field. Whether in a DC
unit where the polarity is fixed, or in an AC unit where the polarity changes, the basic
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function remains the same: the magnetic coil attracts a ferrous plate, which is part of
the armature. One end of the armature is attached to the metal frame, which is formed
so that the armature can pivot, while the other end opens and closes the contacts.
Contacts come in a number of different configurations, depending on the number of
Breaks, poles and Throws that make up the relay. For instance, relays might be
described as Single-Pole, Single-Throw (SPST), or Double-Pole, Single-Throw (DPST).
These terms will give an instant indication of the design and function of different types
of relays. Solid-State Type
Semiconductors such as Silicon-Controlled Rectifier (SCR), TRIAC, or transistor output
are used instead of mechanical contacts to switch the controlled power. The output
device (SCR, TRIAC, or transistor) is opticallycoupled to an LED light source inside the
relay. The relay is turned on by energizing this LED, usually with low-voltage DC power.
This optical isolation between inputs to output rivals the best that electromechanical
relays can offer.
Being solid-state devices, there are no moving parts to wear out, and they are able to
switch on and off much faster than any mechanical relay armature can move. There is
no sparking between contacts and no problems with contact corrosion.
Triac is one type of thyristor that functions as an electrically controlled switch for AC
loads. This device can switch the current in either direction by applying a small current
of either polarity between the gate and one of the two main terminals. It is used in AC
applications such as light dimming, motor-speed control, and in micro-controller power
control.
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What’s More
Use a separate sheet in answering the test. Be sure to write the following:
Name: ______________________________ Grade and Section: ___________________
Subject: _____________________________Lesson Title: _________________________
Directions: Label the different blocks that resemble an electronically- controlled
washing machine. Write your answer in another sheet of paper.
B. Direction: State the function of each part of the washing machine listed below.
6. Pulsator 11. Frame
7. Drain Hose 12. Coil
8. Buzzer 13. Armature
9. Program Selection Control 4. Contacts
10. Power Control 15. SCR, TRIAC or Transistr
What I Have Learned
• Washing Machine is a domestic appliance that washes clothes with the
aid of water and detergent.
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• Top Cover is used to cover the tub.
• Pulsator is a rotating part inside the tub and responsible in
making the water spin.
• Drain Hose is an outlet serves as a passage way out for water after
spinning has been done.
• Side Cover Tub is the main casing/housing for the parts of the
unit.
• Drum serves as a washing tub.
• Water Supply Hose is an inlet of water.
• Tub is a drum-like component in which water, clothes and soap
are put together prior to washing/spinning.
• Yoke: Heavy-duty frame that enclose and supports the parts of the relay.
• Coil: Magnetic wire that is wound around a metal core. Creates an
electromagnetic field when energize.
• Armature: A relays moving part. The armature opens and closes the
contacts. An attached spring returns the armature to its original position.
• Contacts: The conducting part of the switch that closes or opens a circuit.
• Coil is a wire wound around a metal core. If this coil of wire is energized,
electromagnetic field is produced causing the COM terminal to connect
with NO terminal.
• Relay is an electrically operated switch.
• Triac is one type of thyristor that functions as an electrically controlled
switch for AC loads.
What I Can Do
Use a separate sheet in answering the test. Be sure to write the following:
Name: ______________________________ Grade and Section: ___________________
Subject: _____________________________Lesson Title: _________________________
Activity no.1
Directions:Identify the tools, equipment and materials in maintaining and repairing a
washing machine as numbered. Write your answers on a separate sheet.
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2. 4. 5.
1. 3.
8. 9. 10.
6. 7.
Assessment
Use a separate sheet in answering the test. Be sure to write the following:
Name: ______________________________ Grade and Section: ___________________
Subject: _____________________________Lesson Title: _________________________
Directions: Read each statement carefully and write the letter and word/s of your
answer on a separate sheet.
1. It is a handtool used in holding, gripping and cutting of wires.
A. Blade cutter C. Screwdriver
B. Pliers D. Soldering iron
2. It is a measuring instrument used to check continuity and resistance of a
circuit.
A. Ammeter C. Voltmeter
B. Ohmmeter D. Wattmeter
3. It refers to a domestic appliance that washes clothes and linens.
A.Blender C. Vacuum Cleaner
B. Microwave Oven D. Washing Machine
4. It is a device that is responsible in the conversion of electrical energy into
mechanical energy to facilitate an act of washing.
A. AC cord C. Spin timer
B. AC motor D. Wash timer
5.It is used to cover the tub.
A. Drain Hose C. Pulsator
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B. Drum D. Top Cover
6. It is responsible in transmitting mechanical energy from the AC motor to the
pulley of gear assembly.
A. AC motor C. Drive control
B. Drive belt D. Pulley
7. In a washing machine, it serves as a passage way out of water.
A. Drain Hose C. Pulsator
B. Drum D. Top Cover
8. It is a rotating part inside the tub of a washing machine and responsible in
making the water to spin.
A. Drain Hose C. Pulsator
B. Drum D. Top Cover
9. In a washing machine, it serves as a washing tub.
A. Drain Hose C. Pulsator
B. Drum D. Top Cover
10. It is a processing circuit that accepts the input signal coming from sensor,
program selection control and it provides the triggering voltage to the power
controller.
A. Comparator C.Input command
B. Drain Hose D. Pulsator
Additional Activities
Activity no.3
Receiving a Washing Machine (Electronically Controlled) for
Maintain/ Repair
A. Directions: Provided with a defective Washing Machine, use maintain and repair
form to gather and document the information about the appliance at hand. Follow
the procedures below:
Resources: Domestic appliance: Washing Machine (preferably electronically-
controlled) Maintain and repair form
Procedure:
1. Conduct an initial interview to the owner of the appliance. *
Ask what the problem is.
* Request for the details of the problem (how does it happen/
since when/ nature of the problem)
2. As a serviceman, you must recognize the problem/ complain.
3. Make an initial inspection of the appliance.
*Physical appearance
*Operating controls and other parts
*Power cord
4. Take note of the information gathered and observed.
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5. Accomplish Receiving and Repair form.
Receiving and Repair Form
Customer’s name: ________________________________________________________
Address:__________________________________________________________________
Product/ Brand name: ___________________________________________________
Serial no: ________________________________________________________________
Complain: _______________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
Washing Machine Checklist
PARTS
GOOD DEFECTIVE
Top Cover
Pulsator
Drain Hose
Side Cover Tub
Drum
Water Supply Hose
Tub
AC cord
Student’s Signature___________________ Date prepared: ________
Teacher’s Signature___________________ Date checked: ________
B. Receiving Electronically-Controlled Washing Machine forr Maintain/ Repair
Directions: Read the questions/ item and check the appropriate box.
Tasks: YES NO
1. Recorded the name and address of the owner of the appliance?
2. Copied product/ brand/ name and serial number of the
appliance?
3. Asked for complain and the remarks/ condition of the appliance?
4. Verified complain on the condition of the appliance?
5. Accomplished checklist of appliance parts condition.
Top Cover
Pulsator
Drain Hose
Side Cover Tub
Drum
Water Supply Hose
Tub
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AC cord
TOTAL
Note: You should check at least nine YES for you to proceed to the next lesson.
If not, you will repeat the activity.
Student’s Signature____________________ Date prepared: _____________
Teacher’s Signature____________________ Date checked: _____________
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Answer Key
What I can Do
1.Soldering Iron
2. Long nose plier
3. ESD wrist strap
4. Flat screw driver
5. Multitester
6. Philip screw driver
7. Cutter plier
8. Mask
9. Combination Wrench
10. Cable tie
References
Books
Learners Manual Consumer Electronics Servicing NC IIFirst Edition 2014
Online Sources:
https://www.thespruce.com/washing-machine-repair-guide-4154046
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