MATHEMATICS 10
LESSON 1: SEQUENCE
MODULE 2: ARITHMETIC MEAN AND SERIES
Welcome to another fun. Need your attention as we
take another journey in the world of Mathematics!
WHAT I NEED TO KNOW
Content Standard: The learner demonstrates understanding of key concepts of sequences,
polynomials and polynomial equations
Performance Standard: The learner is able to formulate and solve problems involving
sequences, polynomials and polynomial equations in different disciplines through appropriate
and accurate representations.
Lesson 1. LO . 1 determines the arithmetic means, nth term of the sequence and sum of the
terms of the arithmetic sequences (M10AL-Ib-1)
After going through this module, you are expected to:
define and identify arithmetic means and series
find the mean between the first and last term of the arithmetic sequences
solve for the arithmetic series and know its formula
lesson
1 Arithmetic Mean and
Series
WHAT I KNOW
Brain Teaser
Good day Grade 10 students! After having been informed on the objective of
the lesson, let us have the first activity that will test your prior knowledge on
arithmetic sequence.
MHEL BRIAN G. DAYON, LPT/ACE CHRISTIAN M. MENDOZA, LPT
[email protected]/
[email protected] Mathematics 10
What you already know
Answer the following exercises.
a. Solve for the nth term of the arithmetic sequences.
1. Given the first term of the arithmetic sequence as 5 with the common
difference of -5 , find the 35th term
2. The last term of the sequence is 120, what is the nth term of the sequence
given the first term as -3 and d= 6
WHAT’S NEW
Now let’s recall that in an arithmetic sequence, the first and the last terms are
referred to as extremes. The terms between the first and the last terms are called means.
When only three terms form an arithmetic sequence, the middle term is called the
arithmetic mean or average between them.
In general, if a1, a2, a3 are three consecutive terms of an arithmetic sequence,
then the average of the first and the third terms is the middle term.
EXAMPLE 1.
Find the arithmetic mean between 15 and 17.
Solution: a1 = 15 and a3 = 17
a 1+ a 3
A2 =
2
15+17
=
2
A2 = 16
EXAMPLE 2. Insert four arithmetic mean between 9 and 29
Solution: We need to find the four arithmetic means between
9, ___,___,___,____,29, with a1 = 9 and a6 = 29
We need to find the value of the common difference (d)
a1 = 9
a6 = a1 + (n-1)d ------------------------ the formula in finding the 6th term of the sequence
29 = 9 + (6-1)d ------------------------ substitute the given values to the formula
29 – 9 = 5d ----------------------------combine like terms the equation
20 = 5d --------------------------------divide both sides by 5
4=d
Then, we are now able to identify the terms between 9 and 29 by substituting the
values need for each term.
a2 = 9 + 4 = 13
a3 = 9 + 4 + 4 = 17-------------- or --------------- a3 = 9 + 2(4) = 17
a4 = 9 + 4 + 4 + 4 = 21-------------- or --------------- a4 = 9 + 3(4) = 21
a5 = 9 + 4 + 4 + 4 + 4 = 25 -------------- or --------------- a5 = 9 + 4(4) = 25
Therefore, the four arithmetic means between 9 and 29 are 13, 17, 21, and 25
MHEL BRIAN G. DAYON, LPT/ACE CHRISTIAN M. MENDOZA, LPT
[email protected]/
[email protected] Mathematics 10
EXAMPLE 3: The arithmetic means between two terms of a Sequence is
-4. If one of the terms is 17, find the other term
Solution Let x be the other term, then
It’s very easy, isn’t it?
Now we are done with the last term and mean/s of an arithmetic
sequence, now we can able to find the sum of the terms of the sequences.
OKAY! Let’s Go!
WHAT IS IT??
The example you worked on earlier is example of an arithmetic mean or
average.
An Arithmetic Mean or Average is a set or series of numbers that are inserted between
the two given numbers of arithmetic sequence.
Then, when you find/get the sum of the arithmetic sequence, it is now called the
Arithmetic Series.
In solving for the Arithmetic Series, we will be guided by the formula below:
Formula for the Sum of the nth terms of an Arithmetic Sequence
n
Sn = (a +a )
2 1 n
Wherein: a1 = is the first term
an = the nth term of the sequence
n = the no. of terms
EXAMPLE 4: Find the sum of the first 100 positive 3.
Solution: The sequence of positive multiples of 3 is an arithmetic sequence where a1 = 3 and d=
3, now, let’s find the 100 term of the sequence using the formula in finding the nth term, that is
a100 = a1 + (n-1)d
= 3 + (100 -1)3 ---------------substitute the given to the formula
= 3 + (99)3 --------------------evaluate/simplify the equation
a100 = 300
MHEL BRIAN G. DAYON, LPT/ACE CHRISTIAN M. MENDOZA, LPT
[email protected]/
[email protected] Mathematics 10
n
Then, use the formula Sn = (a +a ), to find the sum, where n = 100, a1 = 3 , and a100 = 300
2 1 n
n
Sn = (a +a )
2 1 n
100
S100 = ( 3 + 300) ---------------------------------------substitute the value
2
= 50(303) ---------------------------------------------simplify the equation
S100 = 15 150
EXAMPLE 5. Find the sum of the first 40 terms of the arithmetic sequence
3 1 1 3 5
, ,− ,− ,− , . ..
4 4 4 4 4
Let us find the common difference by subtracting any of the terms of the sequence to its
preceding term d = a2 – a1
1 3 1
d= − = - is the common difference
4 4 2
We need to find the 40th term of the sequence using the formula an= a1 + (n-1)d
3 −1
A40 = +(40−1)( )
4 2
3 −1
= +39( )
4 2
3 39
= −
4 2
75
= -
4
75
Thus, a40 = - . Finally, to find the value of S40, use the formula
4
n 75
Sn = (a1 +a n), where n = 40, a1 = ¾ , and a40 = - .
2 4
n
Sn = (a +a )
2 1 n
40
S40 = 〔¿
2
3 75
= 20 ( − ¿
4 4
72
= 20 (- )
4
S40 = - 360
MHEL BRIAN G. DAYON, LPT/ACE CHRISTIAN M. MENDOZA, LPT
[email protected]/
[email protected] Mathematics 10
Hence, the sum of the first 40 terms of the given arithmetic sequence is -360.
Now, it’s your time to do it on your own.
DO IT ON YOUR OWN
ACTIVITIES
Write your answer on a clean sheet of yellow paper or bond paper.
Answer the following on your book “ Math Ideas and Life Applications 10” page
26 – 27 up to letter E.
WHAT I HAVE LEARNED
You are learning a lot! The best way to improve your skills
and get the proper direction to express your feelings about
your learning is to reflect your learning through this
activity. Let’s do it
Answer the following question based from your understanding on the activity. Write your answer
on the space provided after each question.
1. What is arithmetic mean and arithmetic series?
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2. How the concept of learning this topic helps you in achieving your goal. Explain
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3. What is the relevance of this topic to you as a student’s in your everyday life? Explain
your answer.
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Prepared by:
MHEL BRIAN G. DAYON, LPT/ACE CHRISTIAN M. MENDOZA, LPT
[email protected]/
[email protected] Mathematics 10
MHEL BRIAN G. DAYON, LPT
ACE CHRISTIAN M. MENDOZA, LPT
Subject Teacher
Noted:
DIVINIA A. VILLANUEVA
Officer – in - Charge
MHEL BRIAN G. DAYON, LPT/ACE CHRISTIAN M. MENDOZA, LPT
[email protected]/
[email protected] Mathematics 10
