INDIRA GANDHI INTERNATIONAL AIRPORT BUSINESS

ANALYSIS
CONTENTS
Introduction
1. History
1.1 Planning
1.2 Employers
1.3 ATC Tower
1.4 Services
2. Ownership
3. Facilities
3.1 runway
3.2 terminals
3.3 cargo
3.4 expansion
3.5 fuel and oil supplies services
4. connectivity
4.1 rail
4.2 road
5. upcoming project
6. accidents and incidents

Conclusion
Reference
 INTRODUCTION

Indira Gandhi International Airport (IATA: DEL, ICAO: VIDP) is an airport located in the city
of Delhi, India that serves as the international aviation hub of the Indian capital of New Delhi as well
as the rest of northern India. The airport, spread over an area of 5,106 acres (2,066 ha), is situated in
Palam, 15 km (9.3 mi) south-west of the New Delhi railway station and 16 km (9.9 mi) from New
Delhi city center. Named after former Prime Minister of India Indira Gandhi, it is the busiest airport
in India in terms of passenger traffic since 2009. It is also the busiest airport in the country in terms of
cargo traffic, overtaking Mumbai during late 2015. In the calendar year 2018, it was the 12th busiest
airport in the world and 6th busiest airport in Asia by passenger traffic handling nearly 70 million
passengers. It is the world's busiest airport for Airbus A320 aircraft. The under construction
expansion program will increase the airport's capacity to handle 100 million passengers by 2030.

The airport was operated by the Indian Air Force before its management was
transferred to the Airports Authority of India. In May 2006, the management of the airport was
passed over to Delhi International Airport Limited (DIAL), a consortium led by the GMR Group. In
September 2008, the airport inaugurated a 4,430 m (14,530 ft) runway. With the commencement of
operations at Terminal 3 in 2010, it became India's and South Asia's largest aviation hub. The
Terminal 3 building has a capacity to handle 34 million passengers annually and was the world's 8th
largest passenger terminal upon completion. The airport uses an advanced system called Airport
Collaborative Decision Making (A-CDM) to help keep takeoffs and landings timely and predictable.
 1. HISTORY

Willingdon Airfield, as it was first known, was named after Lord

Willingdon, the Viceroy and Governor-General of India (1931–36). As New Delhi's first airport, it
initially used grass runways and tents. The first airmail flight arrived on 30 November 1918. Also in
the same year, the first London-Cairo-Delhi flight landed. It took another decade for complete airport
infrastructure to come up, when the first commercial flight landed in 1927. In 1928, Willingdon
Airfield was renamed 'Willingdon Airport' and Delhi Flying Club was established.

In 1941, when the British Indian Army decided to raise its own airborne/parachute units, the
southwest corner of the airport served as the site where the Air Landing School (ALS) of the Royal
Indian Air Force was located and started operations. It was here the first paratroopers in India were
trained, which included the first Indian paratrooper, Lt (later Col) AG Ranjaraj, MVC, (Indian
Medical Service and the Regimental Medical Officer of the 152 (Indian) Parachute Battalion) and
earned their wings.
 1.1.PLANNING

L&B led the Master Plan Update for Indira Gandhi International Airport (IGIA), the primary civil
aviation hub for the National Capital Region of India and the busiest airport in India in terms of
passenger traffic.

The course correction was necessitated due to the changes in the key assumptions in the previous
Master Plan, resulting in a fundamental shift in the operating requirements at IGIA. These changes
included higher than anticipated growth in Low Cost Carrier (LCC) and transfer traffic and change of
aircraft gauge to higher density Code C and Code F aircraft.

As part of the Master Plan Update, a fresh, strategic assessment was conducted looking at options for
taking forward the next phases of
development so that the goals of airlines,
passengers and other airport stakeholders
may be realized. The development
strategy was chosen by focusing on the
sweating of the existing assets and
improving operating efficiencies and
passenger convenience through the
induction of new technologies. The
previous environmental assessment was
also reviewed to identify any change in
environmental impacts.

The Master Plan outlines an optimized road map to accommodate a demand forecast of 109 million
annual passengers (MAP), 1,746,000 tonnes of air cargo and 747,780 aircraft movements in 2034.
The preservation of the alignment of Runway 09-27 and maximization of airfield capacity by various
ATC measures and airspace improvements stretched the capacity of the existing three runway system
in a cost-efficient manner.

Similarly, terminal capacity was stretched to accommodate 109 MAP in a two-terminal precinct
system by retention and expansion of Terminal 1.  The existing cargo zone was retained and
consolidated in its current location. The sweating of the assets resulted in a saving of over USD $1
billion of capital investment as compared to the previous Master Plan.

The Master Plan Update provides a vision for IGIA as a world class aviation facility, planned to
expand in a timely manner in step with increasing traffic demand and providing high quality
infrastructure, airport management systems and operational expertise.  At the same time, this master
plan provides solutions that are financially prudent, cost effective and commercially sound.

1.2 EMPLOYERS

Delhi airport is one of the biggest employers in the world providing jobs to more than
five lakh people, a study by the National Council of Applied Economic Research (NCAER) has
found.“The airport provides direct employment to about 5.16 lakh people, 18 per cent more than next
best Hartsfield-Jackson Atlanta International airport in the US.“The employment at Delhi airport is
0.11 per cent of national employment and 8.47 per cent of jobs in the state,” said the first of its kind
study in India to assess the impact of IGI Airport on employment and economic development of
Delhi and the country.If indirect jobs generated due to the operationalisation of Terminal 3 of the
Delhi airport were added, the total employment comes to 15.77 lakh which is 0.34 per cent of
national employment and 25.9 per cent of Delhi’s jobs, the study found.

The Indira Gandhi International airport has been developed and run by
GMR-led consortium, the Delhi International Airport Limited (DIAL).The think tank compared IGI
airport with 11 other international airports in the world where similar studies have been carried out
over the years.Besides Atlanta, other airports considered in the study include Bradley, Budapest,
Sydney, Hong Kong, Kansas, New York State, Virginia, Miami, Dubai and Detroit.Five of these
airports had provided employment to less than a lakh people while the rest had a contribution of less
than four lakh to employment, the NCAER study found.During construction of Terminal 3 (T3) of
Delhi airport, about 6.14 lakh people got the direct and indirect jobs.In terms of percentage, it is
0.131 per cent of national employment and 10.08 per cent of annual employment in Delhi.The
employment generation due to construction activities is a one time effect unlike the employment
effect of airport services which are recurring in nature, the study said.

1.3 ATC TOWER

 The new ATC tower at Indira Gandhi International Airport is unique in more ways
than one and has already become an icon for the people in Delhi. It stands 101.9 meters tall with a
slenderness ratio of nearly 1:14.

It is the first project in India to have a Tuned Mass Damper, which is positioned at
approximately 91 meters high. What makes the Delhi ATC the most unique in the world is that it has
a constantly changing shape as it rises from the ground all the way to the roof. While the tower
outline moves inwards along the X-direction, it simultaneously moves outwards in the Y-direction.

The top two levels of the tower are steel; the rest of the tower is built using high-strength reinforced
concrete. The tower rests on a raft 3.0 meters deep and is supported by 32 piles 1.5 meters in diameter
thick. A glass lift located at the center of the tower provides a 360-degree view of the Delhi skyline.
The design team was responsible for the entire design and also post-contract services.Indira Gandhi

Indira Gandhi International Airport Air Traffic Control Tower

1.4 SERVICES

a. Wi-Fi 

There is free Wi-Fi available at Delhi Airport. In order to access, passengers just need to
connect to the airport’s network. 

b. MEDICAL CARE

Medanta, The Medicity attends immediately the passengers needs.

Location:
- International: T3 International - Arrivals and Departures
- Domestic: T1D, T3 Domestic - Arrivals and Departures
c. PRAYER ROOM

There is a prayer room located in Terminal 1 for all those who want a moment of calm while
waiting at the Airport. There is space for both male and female passengers, as spaces are
partitioned.

d. ATMs
- Allahabad Bank - Location: Terminal 3 Domestic - Arrivals and Departures
- Canara Bank - Terminal 3 Domestic - Arrivals and Departures
- Citibank - Terminal 3 Domestic - Arrivals and Departures & T3 International - Arrivals
- Indus Ind Bank ATM - T1D, Terminal 3 Domestic - Arrivals and Departures, T3
 International Arrivals and Departures
- Kotak Mahindra Bank - T1D, T3 Domestic - Arrivals, T3 International Arrivals and
Departures
- Punjab National Bank - T1 Arrivals, T3 International - Arrival and Departures
- Yes Bank - T3 Domestic - Arrivals, T3 International – Arrivals

e. FOREIGN CURRENCY EXCHANGE

- Central Bank of India - T3 International - Arrivals and Departures

- Thomas Cook - T3 Domestic - Arrivals and Departures, T3 International - Arrivals and
Departures

f. HOTEL AT THE AIRPORT

Holiday Inn Express New Delhi International Airport T3 is the hotel located at Terminal 3 of
New Delhi Airport.
It has two different wings: domestic and international.
Location: it is accessible through the 5th level of T3. 
g. LOST AND FOUND

For items lost at the Airport, you should know that they are kept during 3 months.
Opening hours: from 9.30h to 18.00h from Monday to Friday. On Saturday, from 09:30h to
13:30h. Sunday and Holidays Lost and Found Office is closed.
E-mail: [email protected]
Location: Terminal 2 - Lost & Found Property Room

h. SPECIAL ASSISTANCE FOR PASSENGERS WITH REDUCED

MOBILITY 

Delhi Airport is well equipped to provide services to passengers/patrons with reduced mobility
and special needs.
Passengers requiring mobility assistance may follow the below guidelines:

 Contact the concerned airline in advance before leaving home and inform them of the
assistance required
 Airlines can also be requested for assistance at the Airline counters at the Visitor’s lobby
 On reaching the Terminal, use the reserved vehicular lanes to drive your vehicle through.
Location of such lanes are given below.
 On entering the reserved lane, Use the many reserved drop off points to park your vehicle.
Location of such points are given below.
 Special assistance/PRM phones are available at multiple locations near you to call your airline
for assistance. Instructions to contact the concerned airlines are provided near the phones.

Airport Kruz, motorized wheelchair is available on a chargeable basis to passengers traveling from
T3 at Indira Gandhi International airport. Passengers can place their request at the Kruz counter. This
is an additional service offered at T3 and is over and above the complimentary wheelchair assistance
offered by airlines while booking.

i. OTHER SERVICES

- Restaurants and coffees

- Duty Free
- Shops
- Gifts and Souvenirs
- Telecommunication services
- Bookings for hotels
- Tours
- Pet N’ Fly 
- Baggage Wrap
- Porter Service
- Visitor Entry 
- Smoking areas

2. OWNERSHIP
 On 31 January 2006, the aviation minister Praful Patel announced that
the empowered Group of Ministers have agreed to sell the management-rights of Delhi Airport to the
DIAL consortium and the Mumbai airport to the GVK Group. On 2 May 2006, the management of
Delhi and Mumbai airports were handed over to the private consortia. Delhi International Airport
Limited (DIAL) is a consortium of the GMR Group (54%), Fraport (10%) and Malaysia Airports
(10%), and the Airports Authority of India retains a 26% stake. Nine years later, in May 2015,
Malaysia Airports chose to exit from DIAL venture and sold its entire 10% stake to majority share
holder GMR Infra for $79 million. Following this GMR Group's stake at DIAL increased to 64%.
Earlier GMR indicated that it was interested in buying out the 10% stake of Fraport.

Indira Gandhi International Airport is the main gateway to Delhi, India and one of the busiest
airports in the region. Operated by Delhi International Airport Limited, which is owned by GMR
Infrastructure (64 per cent), Airports Authority of India (26 per cent) and Fraport (10 per cent), the
airport hosts domestic, regional and international passenger and cargo services from over 40 airlines.
The airport acts as a hub for airlines including Air India, Air India Regional, Blue Dart Aviation,
GoAir, IndiGo, JetLite and SpiceJet.

3.FACILITIES

3.1 RUNWAYS

Runways at IGI Airport

Ru Runway No. Length Width Approach Lights/ILS[6]

11/29 4,430 m (14,530 ft) 60 m (200 ft) CAT III-B / CAT III-B

10/28 3,810 m (12,500 ft) 46 m (151 ft) CAT III-B / CAT I

09/27 2,813 m (9,229 ft) 45 m (148 ft) CAT I / CAT I

Delhi Airport has three near-parallel runways: runway 11/29, 4,430  m × 60 m
(14,530 ft × 200 ft) with CAT IIIB instrument landing system (ILS) on both sides, runway 10/28,
3,810 m × 46 m (12,500 ft × 151 ft), and runway 09/27, 2,813 m × 45 m (9,229 ft × 148 ft). In
addition to Chaudhary Charan Singh International Airport in Lucknow and Jaipur Airport in Jaipur,
Delhi Airport is the only airports in India to have been equipped with the CAT III-B ILS. In the
winter of 2005, there were a record number of disruptions at Delhi airport due to fog/smog. Since
then some domestic airlines have trained their pilots to operate under CAT-II conditions of a
minimum 350 m (1,150 ft) visibility. On 31 March 2006, IGI became the first Indian airport to
operate two runways simultaneously following a test run involving a Spice Jet plane landing on
runway 28 and a Jet Airways plane taking off from runway 27 at the same time.

The initially proposed mode involving simultaneous takeoffs in westerly flow to increase handling
traffic capacity caused several near misses over the west side of the airport where the centre lines of
runways 10/28 and 9/27 intersect. The runway use was changed to segregate dependent mode on 25
December 2007, which was a few days after the deciding near miss involving an Airbus A330-200 of
Qatar Airways and an Indigo A320 aircraft. The new method involved use of runway 28 for all
departures and runway 27 for all arrivals. This mode which was more streamlined was adopted during
day hours (0600 – 2300 IST) till 24 September 2008.

On 21 August 2008, the airport inaugurated its 3rd runway 11/29 costing ₹10 billion and 4,430 m
(14,534 ft) long. The runway has one of the world's longest paved threshold displacements of 1,460 m
(4,790 ft). This, in turn decreases the available landing length on runway 29 to 2,970 m (9,744 ft).
The purpose of this large threshold displacement is to reduce noise generated by landing aircraft over
nearby localities. The runway increases the airport's capacity to handle up to 100 flights from the
previous 45–60 flights per hour. The new runway was opened for commercial operations on 25
September 2008 and gradually began full round-the-clock operations by the end of October the same
year.
Since mid 2012 all three runways are operated simultaneously to handle traffic during day hours.
Only runways 11/29 and 10/28 are operated during night (2300–0600 IST) hours with single runway
landing restriction during westerly traffic flow that is rotated late night (0300 IST) and reversed
weekly to distribute and mitigate night time landing noise over nearby residential areas.

To cater for the demand of increasing air traffic, the master plan for the construction of a fourth
parallel runway next to the existing runway 11/29 has been cleared.
3.2 TERMINALS

IGI Airport serves as a major hub or a focus destination for several Indian
carriers including Air India, Air India Regional, IndiGo, SpiceJet, GoAir and Vistara. Approximately
80 airlines serve this airport. At present there are three active scheduled passenger terminals, a
dedicated Hajj terminal and a cargo terminal.

Domestic and international operations

Terminal 3 is used for international flights. The Indian carriers operating international
flights (as of 2 October 2019) are Air India, Indigo, SpiceJet, GoAir and Vistara.

As far as domestic operations are concerned, Terminal 3 is used by Air India, AirAsia, Vistara and
Indigo

GoAir and Indigo use Terminal 2, while SpiceJet uses Terminal 1 and Terminal 3 (temporarily) for
their domestic operations.

a. Terminal 1

Terminal 1 is currently used by low cost carriers IndiGo and SpiceJet. DIAL is
working to expand Terminal 1 and enhance its annual passenger handling capacity from the current
18 million to 30 million within four years by 2022.

b. Terminal 1A

Terminal 1A was built in the late 1980s to cater to Indian Airlines. It had to be
refurbished after a fire gutted the interiors and DIAL significantly upgraded the terminal. It was used
by Air India for its Airbus operations until it shifted to the new Terminal 3 on 11 November 2010.
The terminal is now closed and is expected to be torn down on the completion of newer terminals.
 c. Terminal 1C

Interior of the Domestic Terminal

Terminal 1C is used only for domestic arrivals. The terminal has been upgraded with a new expanded
greeting area and a larger luggage reclaim area with eight belts.

d. Terminal 1D

Terminal 1D is the newly built domestic departure terminal with a total floor space
of 53,000 m2 (570,000 sq ft) and has a capacity to handle 15 million passengers per year. Terminal
1D commenced operations on 19 April 2009. It has 72 Common Use Terminal Equipment (CUTE)
enabled check-in counters, 16 self check-in counters, and 16 security channels.

e. Terminal 2

Terminal 2 was opened on 1 May 1986, at a cost of ₹950 million and was used
for international flights until July 2010 when operations shifted to Terminal 3. After this, the terminal
remained operational for only three months per year catering to Hajj flights. In 2017, after revamping
Terminal 2 at a cost of ₹1 billion, DIAL shifted operations of GoAir to the terminal from 29 October
in order to continue expansion work of T1. Now, GoAir along with Indigo operates its daily flights
from this terminal.

Terminal 3
 Surya Namaskara asanas

hasta mudras

Sculptures in Terminal 3: Hindu solar deity Surya (upper left), Surya Namaskara asanas (upper right), and
hasta mudras or hand gestures extending from a wall over the check-in counters (bottom)

Designed by HOK working in consultation with Mott MacDonald, the new

Terminal 3 is a two-tier building spread over an area of 20 acres (8.1 ha), with the lower floor being
the arrivals area, and the upper floor being a departures area. This terminal has 168 check-in counters,
78 aerobridges at 48 contact stands, 54 parking bays, 95 immigration counters, 15 X-ray screening
areas, shorter waiting times, duty-free shops, and other features. This new terminal was timed to be
completed for the 2010 Commonwealth Games, which was held in Delhi and is connected to Delhi by
an eight-lane Delhi Gurgaon Expressway and the Delhi Metro. The terminal was officially
inaugurated on 3 July 2010. All international airlines shifted their operations to the new terminal in
late July 2010 and all full service domestic carriers in November 2010. The arrival area is equipped
with 14 baggage carousels. T3 has India's first automated parking management and guidance system
in a multi level car park, which comprises seven levels and a capacity of 4,300 cars. Terminal 3 forms
the first phase of the airport expansion which tentatively includes the construction of additional
passenger & cargo terminals (Terminal 4, 5 & 6).

Domestic full-service airlines operate from Terminal 3 including Air India, the national carrier. The
Tata & Singapore Airlines airline joint-venture Vistara also operates from Terminal 3. AirAsia India,
although a low cost airline, also operates its domestic flights from this terminal.

WorldMark is an upcoming mixed-use project in the Aerocity hospitality district near Terminal 3.

3.3 CARGO

The air cargo complex is located at a distance of 1  km (0.62 mi) from T3. It consists of
separate brownfield and greenfield cargo terminals. The cargo operations at the brownfield terminal
are managed by Celebi Delhi Cargo Management India Pvt. Ltd., which is a joint venture between
Delhi International Airport Private Ltd (DIAL) and the Turkish company Celebi Ground Handling
(CGH). CGH was awarded the contract to develop, modernise, and finance the existing cargo
terminal and to operate the terminal for a period of twenty-five years by DIAL in November 2009. It
started its operations in June 2010. In addition to the existing terminal, a new greenfield terminal is
being developed in phases by Delhi Cargo Service Centre (DCSC), also a joint venture between
DIAL and Cargo Service Center (CSC). The Greenfield cargo terminal project consists of two
terminals built over a plot of 48,000 square metres and 28,500 square metres respectively. Phase-1A
of the project has been completed and is fully operational. Once the entire project is completed, these
two new terminals will have an annual handling capacity of 1.25 million tonnes. The cargo operations
of the airport received "e-Asia 2007" award in 2007 for "Implementation of e- Commerce / Electronic
Data Interchange in Air Cargo Sector".
3.4 EXPANSION

Delhi’s Indira Gandhi International (IGI) Airport is expanding – with more

flights, better passenger services convenience and seamless connectivity! India’s busiest airport, the
IGI airport, in the national capital will be
made future-ready soon, according to the
Delhi International Airport Limited (DIAL).
With an additional runway, more state-of-
the-art facilities, and enhanced passenger
handling capacity, the upgradation process of
Delhi International Airport (DEL) will be
completed by June 2022, DIAL has said.

Delhi IGI Airport expansion: Top facts passengers should know

1. DIAL, that runs the Delhi Airport, has exuded confidence that passenger handling capacity will go
up to 100 million passengers per annum (MPPA) by 2022. It said that once the project is completed
airside handling capacity would go up to handle 140 MPPA. To simply put things, DIAL has stated
that in the future, the Delhi airport would be able to handle 140 million passengers per annum. In
2018, Delhi Airport handled 69.8 MPPA, as per official data released by DIAL.

2. The development works would be carried out as part of Phase 3A. The Arrival and Departure
terminals of Delhi Airport would be integrated under a single roof. This will form the new integrated
Terminal 1. Along with this, there will be an increase in security screening systems and baggage
handling. Once the project is completed, the total area of Terminal 1 will be 192,985 sqm from the
existing 64,140 sqm. Following the integration of the two aforementioned terminals, passenger
handling capacity would go up from 20 MPPA to 40 MPPA.

3. The integrated terminal would offer several passenger-friendly facilities. These are Self Baggage
Drop (SBD) kiosks, Facial Recognition, Automated Tray Retrieval System (ATRS), and Common
Usage Self Service (CUSS). These facilities driven by advanced technologies would ensure that there
will be less long queues and will ease the flow of passengers.

4. There will be a new T1 Apron, fourth runway, dual elevated Eastern Cross Taxiways (ECT).
Landside developments for circulation and connectivity improvements and T3 modification works
would also be carried out.

5. On the Landside, a flyover would be constructed at Aero city metro station junction. This will
reduce travel time from T1 to T3. Apart from this, the Central Spine Road would be widened from 8
lanes to 12 lanes. A realignment of a section of the Radisson Road to the tune of 1 km, with an
underpass would be done.

6. There would be additional lanes to Terminal Departure ramp as well as the Arrival Forecourt. A
dedicated corridor for cargo movement in and out of the airport will be constructed. A flyover close
to NH8 will be constructed. This would segregate the heavy vehicle movement from passenger
vehicles.

7. Once this expansion project culminates, Delhi Airport would become the first airport in India to
have four runways as well as dual ECT.

8. As per the plan, the entire T1 Apron would be demolished. Subsequently, an expanded apron
would be constructed to provide higher capacity layout with 82 Code C stands. This will include 22
Contact Stands and 8 MARS stand. These will cater to the increased Air Traffic Movements (ATMs).
9. The new T1 Apron will also be equipped with latest technological facilities such as Ground Power
Units, Pre-conditioned Air, Visual Docking Guidance System, Fuel Hydrant System etc.

10. Following the project, the International transfer area of Terminal 3 will increase. A 7th check-in
island is being added in T3 with associated Baggage Handling Systems and 2 Arrival Carousels. For
passengers’ facility, the IT systems of the entire Baggage Handling System of T3 are being upgraded.
With all these enhancements, the passenger throughout of T3 would go up from 34 MPPA to 45
MPPA. Engineering firm, Larsen & Toubro (L&T) has been entrusted with the entire project of Phase
3A.

3.5 FUEL & OIL SUPPLIERS SERVICES

 Bharat Petroleum Corporation (BPCL)

 Chevron Aviation
 Gazpromneft - Aero
 Shell Aviation
 HP Aviation
 Sky tanking

4. CONNECTIVITY
4.1 RAIL :

The nearest railway station is the Palam railway station, located 4.8 kilometres (3.0 mi)
and 12 kilometres (7.5 mi) from terminals 1 and 3 respectively. Several passenger trains run regularly
between these stations. Shahabad Mohammadpur (SMDP) is equally close.

Terminals 2 and 3 of the airport are served by the Airport metro station on Delhi Airport
Metro Express line. The 22.7 km (14.1 mi) line runs from Dwarka Sector 21 to the New Delhi metro
station with trains running every 10 minutes. Terminal 1 is served by the Terminal 1-IGI Airport
metro station on the Magenta Line.
The Orange Line or Delhi Airport Express Line is a Delhi Metro line from New Delhi Metro
Station to Dwarka Sector 21, linking Indira Gandhi International Airport. The line was opened on 23
February 2011 after missing four previously set deadlines. It was built at a cost of ₹ 57 billion, of
which Reliance Infra paid ₹ 28.85 billion (U$580m), Reliance Infra will also pay fees on a Revenue-
share model.

Delhi Metro Airport Express Train

4.2 ROAD :

The airport is connected by the 8-lane Delhi Gurgaon Expressway. Air conditioned
low-floor buses operated by Delhi Transport Corporation (DTC) regularly run between the airport
and the city. Metered taxis are also available from terminals T3 and T1C to all areas of Delhi.
 Delhi Gurgaon Expressway

5. UPCOMING PROJECT

Delhi Airport (DEL) is undergoing major transformation! Passengers flying in and out of Delhi’s
Indira Gandhi International (IGI) Airport must take note of these upcoming changes for their own
convenience. Delhi International Airport Limited (DIAL), that manages the IGI Airport, has stated that
once completed, these changes would benefit the passengers and provide world-class facilities to them.
Delhi airport, which is India’s busiest airport and is ranked amongst the best in the world, is
witnessing five major changes. These are; expansion of IGI airport, construction of dual elevated
Eastern Cross Taxiways (ECT), airlines shifting terminal, fixed terminal for charter flight services,
private jet, and the possibility of air train for passengers.

Delhi Airport: Top 5 upcoming changes on world-class IGI airport

a. Delhi Airport expansion:

DIAL has stated that as part of the expansion, Delhi Airport will have more state-of-
the-art facilities, additional runway, and enhanced passenger handling capacity. DIAL is aiming to
enhance the passenger handling capacity to 100 million passengers per annum (MPPA) by 2022. It has
also stated that once the project is completed, airside handling capacity would go up to handle 140
MPPA. A new T1 Apron will be constructed. Delhi airport will also become the first airport to have
four runways.

After completion of the project, Terminal 1 will become three times bigger as it will have the
capacity to handle 40 MPPA, a rise from the current capacity of 20 MPPA. Terminal 3 will also be
modified, that includes the doubling I-I Transfer Area and creation of 7th check-in island. A world-
class Terminal 4 will also be built as part of the extended expansion project

b. Dual elevated Eastern Cross Taxiway (ECT):

As part of its expansion plan, DIAL said that Delhi Airport would become the first
airport in India to have dual elevated Eastern Cross Taxiways (ECT). The first-of-its-kind ECT will
intersect two main roads leading to the Terminal-3. There will be two tunnels to ensure the vehicular
traffic movement. According to the plan, ECT will cut-down time taken both during take-off and
landing as well as save fuel consumption.

Apart from this, a flyover will also be constructed at Aerocity metro station junction that will reduce
travel time from T1 to T3.

c. Airlines shifting terminal:

Passengers boarding flights from Delhi Airport from September 5 onwards must take
note of the terminal changes by the airlines. SpiceJet has announced that it will shift its entire
operations from Delhi Airport Terminal 2 to Terminal 3. IndiGo will partially operate from T2 even
as its 5000 series flights will shift from T2 to T3. GoAir will continue its domestic operations from
T2. However, flight operations of IndiGo and SpiceJet at T1 will remain unchanged.

d. Fixed terminal for private jet, charter flight services:

In a move to match the facility available at large and busy airports around the world,
Delhi airport (DEL) authority will now have a fixed-base operator (FBO) terminal. This is a fixed
terminal meant for catering to private jets and charter flight services. This facility will also help
expand general aviation services. Under this FBO service, parking, flight instruction, fuelling, aircraft
rental, and aircraft maintenance are available.

e. Air train at Delhi’s IGI Airport:

GMR-led DIAL is planning to start monorail services for passengers to provide a hassle-
free mode of transport to travel from one terminal to another. If the project gets materialized,
 passengers will be able to avail the automated people mover’ (APM) service to board mero or taxi.
Such facility is available at New York’s John F. Kennedy International Airport.

6. ACCIDENTS AND INCIDENTS

1. 1970: A Royal Nepal Airlines Fokker F27-200 (9N-AAR) after a flight from Kathmandu,
Nepal was caught in severe thunderstorms with turbulence and downdrafts on final approach
to Palam Airport. The pilot lost control of the aircraft and crashed short of the runway. Of the
five crew and 18 passengers, one crew member was killed.

2. 1972: Japan Airlines Flight 471 crashed outside of Palam Airport, killing 82 of 87 occupants;
ten of eleven crew members and 72 of 76 passengers died, as did three people on the ground.

3. 1973: Indian Airlines Flight 440 crashed while on approach to Palam Airport, killing 48 of the
65 passengers and crew on board.

4. 1990: An Air India Boeing 747 flying on the London-Delhi-Mumbai route and carrying 215
people (195 passengers and 20 crew) touched down at Indira Gandhi International Airport
after a flight from London Heathrow Airport. On application of reverse thrust, a failure of the
no. 1 engine pylon to wing attachment caused this engine to tilt nose down. Hot exhaust gases
caused a fire on the left wing. There were no casualties but the aircraft was damaged beyond
repair and written off.
5. 1994: A Sahara Airlines Boeing 737-2R4C (registered VT-SIA) crashed [de; ja; ru] while
performing a training flight killing all four people on board and one person on the ground.
Wreckage struck an Aeroflot Ilyushin-86 (registered RA-86119) parked nearby, killing four
people inside.

6. 1995: Indian Airlines Flight 492 (IC 492), A Boeing 737-2A8 (Registered VT-ECS), damaged
beyond repair when the aircraft overshot the runway at Delhi airport due to pilots error, on its
scheduled flight from Jaipur to Delhi.
 7. 1996: The airport was involved in the Charkhi Dadri mid-air collision when a Saudia Boeing
747-100B, climbing out after take-off, collided with an incoming Kazakhstan Airlines
Ilyushin Il-76 chartered by a fashion company, causing the deaths of all 349 people on board
the two planes.

CONCLUSION

Delhi Airport (IATA: DEL, ICAO: VIDP), also known as Indira Gandhi
International Airport and IGI Airport, is the only airport serving the city of New Delhi. The Airport is
the busiest one in India in terms of passenger traffic and cargo. Indira Gandhi International Airport ,
which is the second busiest airport in India , hosted 60.8 million passengers .Terminals including
domestic and international Terminals. The number of employees in Delhi Airport are of more than
2300.

REFERENCES
"Traffic News for the month of March 2020: Annexure-III" (PDF). Airports Authority of India.
21 May 2020. p. 3. Retrieved 21 May 2020. "Traffic News for the month of March 2020:
Annexure-II" (PDF). Airports Authority of India. 21 May 2020. p. 3. Retrieved 21 May 2020.
"Traffic News for the month of March 2020:Annexure-IV" (PDF). Airports Authority of India. 21
May 2020. p. 3. Retrieved 21 May 2020. About IGI Airport from the Way back Machine eAIP
India, OF Airports Authority of India, 1 April 2012.
Thank you