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3 Sandhi PDF

The document discusses different types of sandhis - यावायावसिः, पवू  पसिः, परपसिः and कृ ितभावसिः. It provides rules and examples for each sandhi. The objective is to be able to perform these sandhis and split words or phrases involving them. Examples at the end illustrate applying the sandhis to sentences.

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Manikandan Narayanan
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79 views

3 Sandhi PDF

The document discusses different types of sandhis - यावायावसिः, पवू  पसिः, परपसिः and कृ ितभावसिः. It provides rules and examples for each sandhi. The objective is to be able to perform these sandhis and split words or phrases involving them. Examples at the end illustrate applying the sandhis to sentences.

Uploaded by

Manikandan Narayanan
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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्

अच-सिः -३
 पसिः, परपसिः, कृ ितभावसिः च
यावासिः, पूव
् िधः २
अच-सं
Objective
After going through this lesson, you will be able to

Perform यावासिः, पूव  पसिः, परपसिः and


कृ ितभावसिः and split words / phrases involving
यावासिः, पूव  पसिः, परपसिः and कृ ितभावसिः ।
्
अच-सिः -३
Practical objective :
After going through this lesson, you will be able to
understand these sentences.

शोऽ भोजनायौदनं ददात।ु


Shambhu! Give cooked rice for his/ her meal.

ु भम
गः ू ावेव उपिवय उपदेश ं करोित।
Seated only on the ground, the teacher instructs.
्
अच-सिः -३

त पठनयाशा अि।
He has desire for reading.

ु ऽयत।्
तां दिणां गरवे
(He/she) Gave that offering for guru.

ु
एषा कथा मयवै रमायाया।
This story was only told by me to Rama.
्
अच-सिः -३

ु
Previously, we learnt गणसिः, वृिसिः and
्
यण-सिः।

In this lesson, we continue learning अच-्


सयः with – अयवायावसिः, पवू  पसिः,
परपसिः and कृ ितभावसिः।
्
अच-सिः -३
The अयवायावसिः is called so because the
substitutes in this सिः are अय, ् अव,् आय a् nd
आव।्

अय a् nd आय a् re called याः। अव a् nd आव a् re
called वाः।

For this reason, it is also called the


यावासिः।
्
अच-सिः -३
Rule for अयवायावसिः - For this सिः to take
place, the letters ए/ऐ/ओ/औ should be
followed by any vowel. The substitutes are
अय, ् आय, ् अव a् nd आव r् espectivley.
Hence,
▪ए should be replaced with अय ,्
▪ऐ should be replaced with आय ,्
▪ओ should be replaced with अव,्
▪औ should be replaced with आव ्
when it is followed by a vowel.
्
अच-सिः -३
Example -

हरे + आग = हरयाग


Explanation -

Here, the first word, हरे, ends with the letter ए


The next word, आग, begins with आ which is a vowel.
Hence, ए is followed by a vowel other than अ।
According to the above rule, ए is substituted with अय।्
Slide 8

1 Add examples for other cases


Hari Haran.K, 10-08-2017
्
अच-सिः -३
Examples in other combinations –

् रामयेतत ्
रामे + एतत =
गरोु + आदेशः = गरवादे
ु शः
न ै + अकः = नायकः
नौ + इकः = नािवकः
हरौ + अि = हरावि
Slide 9

2 Mention शाक प ः
Hari Haran.K, 10-08-2017
्
अच-सिः -३
Some more examples for यावासिः -

राजानौ + अपालयताम = ् राजानावपालयताम ्


ौ + अिप = ाविप
ु
बिमौ ु
+ इित = बिमािवित
राजानौ + अनवधानय ु ौ = राजानावनवधानय ु ौ
्
अच-सिः -३
Some more examples for यावासिः -

सौ + आाम = ् सावााम ्


सव + आगताः = सवय ागताः
मु ै + एव = म
ु ायेव
उपिवशौ + आाम = ् उपिवशावााम ्
राजानौ + अिप = राजानाविप
्
अच-सिः -३

The next सिः that we are going to see is


called the पवू 
 पसिः
So far, we have seen sandhis in which the
substitute is different from the letters being
substituted.
In पवू 
 पसिः, it is just a copy of one of the
letters being substituted.
्
अच-सिः -३

We have seen that if ए/ऐ/ओ/औ is followed by


a vowel, अयवायावसिः takes place.

However, when ए/ओ at the end of a word is


followed by a short अ, पवू 
 पसिः should be
done.
्
अच-सिः -३

Rule for doing पवू 


 पसिः - When ए/ओ at the
end of a word is followed by the short अ
both the letters are to be replaced with the
preceding letter.
Example –
हरे + अ = हरे/हरेऽ।
अहो + अत ु म=् अहोत ्
ु म/अहोऽ ु म ।्
त
्
अच-सिः -३
Example -

हरे + अ = हरे/हरेऽ।

Explanation -
Here, the first word ends with ए|
The second word begins with an अ.
Hence, by the पवू 
 पसिः rule, both ए and अ
are replaced with an ए.
्
अच-सिः -३
Example -

अहो + अत ् अहोत


ु म= ्
ु म/अहोऽतु म ।्

Explanation -
Here, the first word ends with ओ|
The second word begins with an अ.
Hence, by the पवू 
 पसिः rule, both ओ and अ
are replaced with an ओ.
्
अच-सिः -३

Note -

It is usual practice, while writing, to indicate a


short अ that has been replaced by पवू   पसिः with
the mark ऽ. The mark is called अवहः and is
optional.
्
अच-सिः -३

The next सिः we are going to learn is


called परपसिः।

Similar to the पवू 


 पसिः, in परपसिः a copy
of the succeeding letter comes as a
substitute for both the preceding and
succeeding letter.
Slide 18

3 Add example in the intro side itself so that the intro is clear
Hari Haran.K, 10-08-2017
्
अच-सिः -३

When a prefix ending in अ(, अप, अव, उप) is


followed a verb starting with ए/ओ, both the
letters are to be replaced with the
succeeding letter.

As such, it is an exception to वृिसिः।


्
अच-सिः -३
Example -

 + एजते = ेजते
उप + ओषित = उपोषित

Explanation -

Here, the prefix  ends with अ


It is followed by a verb एजते starting with ए.
Hence, according to the above rule, in place of
both the अ and the ए, ए is substituted.
्
अच-सिः -३

Note –

In both the examples given, in the absence of


परपसिः, वृिसिः would have occurred and
we would have got the form  ैजते and उपौषित।
्
अच-सिः -३
In dual forms of nouns ending with ई, ऊ and ए।

Dual forms of आकारशाः, इकाराशाः and


उकाराशाः end with ए, ई and ऊ। When the dual
forms of words that end in ई, ऊ and ए are followed
by any vowel, no सिः is to be done.

Cases like the above are called कृ ितभावसिः।


्
अच-सिः -३
Example -
हरी + एतौ = हरी एतौ।
िव ू + इमौ = िव ू इमौ।
गे + अम ू = गे अम।ू

Explanation –

In the above examples, the first word is a noun in


dual form ending with ई, ऊ andए।
As a result, no सिः is to be done even though the
conditions for यसिः/ अयवायावसिः are met.
्
अच-सिः -३
Here are some examples that are obtained through
सिः

देव + ऋिषः = देवषः/ देव ऋिषः


कृ ाय + ओम = ् कृ ायोम ्
 + एधते = ेधते
हरे + अ = हरेऽ
िवो + अ = िवो
ीपते३ + अ = ीपते३ अ
असिः ३
Now, let us see the sentences we saw in the beginning of the
lesson again.
शो भोजनायौदनं ददात।ु
शो + अ = शो/ शोऽ।
् भोजनायौदनम।्
भोजनाय + ओदनम =
्
शो = Shambhu!, अ = his, भोजनाय = for meal, ओदनम =
cooked rice, ददात ु = give.
शो! अ भोजनाय ओदनं ददात।ु
Shambhu! Give cooked rice for his meal.
असिः ३
ु भूमावेव उपिवय उपदेश ं करोित।
गः

भूमौ + एव = भूमावेव।

ु = Teacher, भूमौ = on the ground, एव = only, उपिवय =


गः
seated, उपदेश ं = instruction, करोित = does.

ु भूमौ एव उपिवय उपदेश ं करोित।


गः
Seated only on the ground, the teacher instructs.
असिः ३
त पठनयाशा अि।

पठने + आशा = पठनयाशा।

त = For him, पठने = in reading, आशा = desire,


अि = is.

त पठनयाशा अि।
He has desire for reading.
असिः ३
ु ऽयत।्
तां दिणां गरवे
् गरवे
ु + अयत =
गरवे ु यत/् गरवे
ु ऽयत।्
् (He/she)
ु = for guru, अयत =
तां = That, दिणां = offering, गरवे
gave.
ु अयत।्
तां दिणां गरवे
He/she gave that offering to the guru.
असिः ३
ु ।्
एषा कथा मय ैव रमायायम
मया + एव = मयैव।
ु
रमायै + उा = रमायाया।
एषा = This, कथा = story, मया = by me, एव = only, रमाय ै = to
Rama, उा = told.
एषा कथा मया एव रमाय ै उा।
This story was only told by me to Rama.
असिः ३
Similarly, practise sandhi-splitting with the following
sentences –
् मेितहासपकम
हरयेतत म ु ।्
Hari! This is my history book.
ु
गरोऽध ु अा का चलित।
ना
Guru! Now another class is going on.
भूमावानः लभः।
Bliss is hard to get on Earth.
असिः ३
ु
बािवा ,ु न िवे।
Let there be desire for knowledge, not for wealth.
ु ाव आगिमतः।
तावभ
They both are coming here.
िवः इित पवतः मदेशऽे ि।
The mountain named Vindhya is in Madhya Pradesh.
् यत।्
गोिवः तायाफलम अ
Govinda gave a mango to him.
असिः ३
एषा शूप णखा सीतायाय ैष त।्
This Shurpanakha felt jealous of Sita.
कृ ः रााववातरत।्
Krishna incarnated during the night.
िवोऽयं तव भः।
Vishnu! This is your devotee.

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