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INDIA’S
ONLY
COMPLETE
SCHOOL
MAGAZINE
AUGUST 2020 VOL 01 ISSUE 06 MUMBAI PRICE ` 50

ATMANIRBHAR
Shaping India’s GenNext
Self-Reliance should be an attitude, a way of life…and imbibing this mindset in the
impressionable age will lay the foundation to create a stronger vibrant nation

Recently, the Prime Minister of India called for the country to To begin with, accept responsibility. When you’re self-reliant,
be Atma Nirbhar or Self -Reliant in the true sense of the term. you own your choices and take action to ensure that you meet
This meant going a step further from the ‘Made in India’ mode your responsibilities. It could be just going to school on your
into the ‘Make by India’ phase - meaning that from scratch to own, completing a task given to you, or committing to your
the finish everything will be locally made and delivered. Well, own decisions. Another important aspect of being self-reliant is
if you are wondering where this is`50
leading to…it is just about about believing in your own capabilities. But for that belief to
applying the same Atma Nirbhar or being Self - Reliant mantra be grounded in reality, you need actual skills and capabilities.
to our own lives...
So, one of your central responsibilities is to learn these skills.

T he dictionary defines self-reliant as an adjective describing

a person who is “confident of their own abilities and able
to do things for themselves.” Going back to the complete
lockdown phase that was imposed on us, you must have realised
The more practical skills you have in your toolkit, the fewer
chances there will be for you to feel helpless or need other
people to come to your rescue. It could be something like saving
and spending money wisely; housekeeping skills like grocery
how each of us, be it parents or children capably managed shopping, cooking, cleaning, washing clothes; or painting
through all the professional and personal commitments without a room.
depending on any outside help! Another most important aspect of self-reliance is being healthy –
This is exactly what all of us need to do. Each of us are capable both physically and mentally. While the pandemic has proved to
of being self-reliant and this is a virtue that we need to inculcate us the need to have a healthy body and strong immune system,
and practice through life, irrespective of whether there is a it is also imperative to be mentally and emotionally strong. This
lockdown or any other trying circumstance. Self-reliance not implies that along with physical exercises and healthy food,
only helps us handle tasks efficiently, but also makes us grow meditation and yoga is essential. Remember that you are unique
as individuals. It can be a little hard to come to terms with it in and believe in your abilities. It is a fact that “a bird in a tree is
the beginning because we are so inclined to someone doing our
never afraid of a branch breaking, because its trust is not on the
work and making life easier, but in the long run this is
branch but on its own wings…
the best thing that could happen. There’s no doubt
that it’s important to have a solid support network So being self-reliant will give you the power to not only survive
of people who are there to offer love, compassion, in the world but also rise to the challenges that it throws up.
and insight. But it is more important to be able to And this journey towards self-reliance will keep evolving
draw on our own strength and to know that we you as a morally and socially responsible citizen
are ‘complete’ in ourselves. So you can take cue of society…thus laying the foundation to build the
and a few steps towards being a strength and power of a nation!
self-reliant individual…
 Solar orbiter clicks Sun’s
closest-ever photos
The Solar orbiter, which is a joint project
of NASA and the European Space Agency
(ESA) has sent its first photos of the
Sun, with which scientists have identified
a new phenomenon they’re calling
‘campfires’. The first photos have been a
bit delayed because ESA had paused the
Oxford Vaccine could offer double spacecraft’s commissioning process due
protection against COV ID-19 to limited staff during the initial spread of
In a major breakthrough, the UK UNDER THE MICROSCOPE
COVID-19 trials have shown that the
Oxford vaccine could offer ‘double ISL gets top league status
protection’ against COVID-19. The
researchers at the University of Oxford The Asian Football Confederation recently
in the United Kingdom discovered recognised the Indian Super League (ISL)
during human trials that their vaccine as the country’s premier competition while
could trigger an immune response that recommending the All India Football
will provide a double defence against Federation to “open a pathway” for two
Coronavirus. Oxford COVID vaccine,
which is in its final stages of human COVID-19. However, ESA soon resumed I-League clubs’ entry into ISL by the end
trials, is expected to get completed by the commissioning in preparation for the of 2020-’21 season. The top continental
September. Meanwhile India’s Bharat spacecraft’s first loop around the Sun. body will allow the winning ISL club to
Biotech Ltd. has started its first phase represent India in the AFC Champions
At the time the solar orbiter took these
of human clinical trials with a vaccine
photos, it was within 77 million kilometers League play-offs, and the I-League winner
called Covaxin. The indigenous vaccine is
developed in collaboration with the Indian of the Sun. This is around half the will get to play in the AFC Cup play-off.
Council of Medical Research and Pune distance at which Earth orbits. NASA and
based National Institute of ESA claim that by the end of the mission,
Virology (NIV). the orbiter will halve this distance.

Indian Army to acquire UAV

Raven and Spike Firefly
The Indian army is all set to acquire hand-
launched, remote-controlled unmanned
vehicle Raven from the United States and
the state-of-the-art Israeli Spike Firefly
‘loitering’ ammunition. The weaponry
will add lethality to its ground infantry Mukesh Ambani becomes
apart from the long-range artillery shells world’s seventh richest
SheshNaag of Indian
Railways sets new record Reliance Industries Chairman Mukesh
Ambani has become the world’s 7th
The Indian Railways broke yet another richest person after overtaking legendary
record by operating ‘SheshNaag’, a 2.8 investor tycoon Warren Buffett in terms
km-long train powered by four sets of net worth. The Indian billionaire’s net
of electric locomotives recently. The worth currently stands at $69.9 billion,
251-wagon long-haul goods train was while Warren Buffer’s net worth stands
operated by the South East Central at $69.1 billion. Amazon founder Jeff
Railway (SECR), Nagpur Division of the Bezos is ranked at the top of the world’s
Indian Railways. ‘SheshNaag’ is the longest with a range of over richest individuals list with a net worth
train ever to be operated by the Indian 40 kilometers. The of $189.2 billion. Mukesh Ambani’s net
Railways. The train formation was made Indian Navy is also set to commission worth has seen a massive spike due to the
by joining four empty BOXN rakes along its second ballistic missile-firing nuclear rapid rise in the share price of Reliance
with its four sets of electric locomotives. submarine INS Arighat in 2020, while the Industries. RIL’s share prices have almost
Currently, Sheshnag has overtaken ‘Super Indian Air Force is set to get five Rafale doubled since March 2020 after a series
Anaconda’ (a 177-coach freight train run multi-role fighter jets from Paris in July of investments in Reliance Jio platforms
by Railways) in just one day in terms of 2020, with another four to be used for within three months starting with
length and carrying capacity. training in France. Facebook in April.

August 2020
 NEWS
India’s 2018 tiger census sets
YOU CAN USE
Elavenil, Anish picked
Guinness World Record for Olympics
The All India Tiger Estimation 2018 Elavenil Valarivan and Anish Bhanwala,
which was released in 2019 has set a new two of India’s finest young shooters,
record by entering the Guinness World were recently named in a 34-member
Record for being the world’s largest core group for the Tokyo Olympics.
camera trap wildlife survey. As per the The National Rifle Association of India
citation at the Guinness World Record, (NRAI) released the list of shooters
the fourth iteration of the survey which Greta Thunberg wins Gulbenkian who will be training separately for the
Prize for Humanity quadrennial sporting extravaganza,
Greta Thunberg, a 17-year-old
environment campaigner from Sweden,
has been announced the winner of the
first Gulbenkian Prize for Humanity.
She is a founder of a School Strike for
Climate and is known as one of the
most influential environmental activists.
Gulbenkian Prize for Humanity is a
was conducted in 2018-2019, was the most humanitarian prize which is worth
comprehensive to date, in terms of both one million euros. The prize aims at
data amassed and resource. The results, recognizing the people or organisations all
which were released last year, showed over the world for their contributions to scheduled to be held next summer after
that India had an estimated 2,967 tigers adaptations to climate change which stood the COVID-19 pandemic pushed the
out of which 2461 individuals were photo out for its impact. Games back by a year. Of the 34 shooters,
captured. The comprehensive nature of 15 are Olympic quota holders, but as
the study showed a whopping 83% of the per its slated selection policy, the NRAI
tiger population in India. reserves the right to swap one or two
places depending on form and aggregate
Indian Grandmaster
scores in the lead-up to the final
Harikrishna wins Chess960 event
team selection.
India’s Grandmaster P Harikrishna
finished on top in the ACCENTUS Supergiant ‘Sea Cockroach’
Chess960 tournament, part of the 53rd found in Indian Ocean
Biel Chess Festival 2020, with 5.5`50
points
A giant ‘sea cockroach’ has been found
from seven rounds. Harikrishna (Elo India can start sporting events
by the researchers from Singapore at the
2690) remained unbeaten through the from August: Kiren Rijiju
bottom of the Indian Ocean. The newly
Sports Minister Kiren Rijiju recently discovered cockroach has been identified
said tournaments can start without as belonging to a new species and is given
spectators from August even as the Indian the name ‘Bathynomus raksasa’. In the
Olympic Association urged flexibility in
calendars depending on the situation.
The minister conducted a virtual meeting
with representatives of Indian Olympic
Association (IOA) and 15 national
federations, including wrestling, hockey,
boxing and shooting to discuss the way
forward in terms of training of athletes,
participation in national and international
seven rounds and benefitted from the loss
competitions and organising sporting
of Poland’s Radoslaw Wojtaszek in the
events in India. Among the key points
final round to Swiss player Noel Studer
discussed in the meeting, it was suggested
to claim the top spot. German Vincent
by the ministry that federations submit 14-day expedition to the deep sea off the
Keymer, age 15, was the surprise package
an interim of the Annual Calendar for coast of West Java in Indonesia by the
in the Chess960 event (also known as
Training and Competitions (ACTC) to University of Singapore, the team has
Fischer random chess), claiming second
kick start training of Olympic bound collected over 12,000 deep-sea creatures
spot with five points. Wojtaszek, with 4.5
athletes in a phased manner. out of which the gigantic cockroach
points, took the third spot.
was one.

August 2020
 Read to Lead! Actions Speak
Louder than Words

Reading is a must-have skill The poor response to its first car, Indica
that will help you succeed prompted Tata Motors to sell its car
not only in your school business. So in 1999, the former
academics but through life; head of the Tata Group, Ratan Tata
as it is quoted, “if you do had gone to Detroit, USA to sell
not have time to read, you the passenger car division to Ford
do not have the time to lead.” While in school, there is a lot of Motors of USA. After a discussion
textbook reading that you need to do. But taking time out to of three hours with the Ford
read beyond the textbooks and going a level higher will only officials, the meeting ended with the Ford Chairman, Bill

UNDER THE MICROSCOPE

inculcate a habit that will take you closer to success. Ford saying, “Why did you enter the passenger car business,
LIFE SKILLS

It has been proved that students who read 20 minutes a day without knowing anything about it. It will be a favour if we
outside of school texts tend to have improved language skills, a buy this business from you.”
better understanding of the world, stronger relationships, and Though angry and hurt, Ratan Tata did not say a word,

REAL TO ROLE
outscore their peers on tests by 90%. The more focussed your but came back to India and immediately got into action.
reading is, the more quickly you have access to information Through the next few years, he planned policies and set
of a certain topic. And if you take notes simultaneously while goals to soon turnaround Tata Motors into a profitable
reading, it helps you to easily and effectively retain the subject. company. And nine years later, Tata Motors took over
Ford’s iconic Jaguar Land-Rover business which was making
losses due to the 2008 recession in the US. After the deal,
Skipping the Ford Chairman thanked Ratan Tata, saying “You are
doing us a big favour by buying Jaguar Land-Rover…”
As we need to follow social distancing for some more time, team
games may not be a very safe option for you. It is here that we need
fitness activities that can be practiced indoors or outdoors as per
your schedule. Skipping is one such activity that has
immense benefits.

PHYSICALLY PERFECT
Skipping gives a full-body workout. It is known to burn around
1300 calories/hour which means burning more calories in
comparison to running. It also helps in muscle toning and
developing the thighs, shins and calf muscles. It improves
footwork, balance, coordination, and agility. Skipping exercises put
lesser pressure and are less shocking for the joints as compared to
running. It also improves focus and your ability to stay calm.

Friendship is a Treasure!
The friendship between Lord Krishna and Krishna that helped the Pandavas survive LEARNING FROM THE EPICS
Arjun and the other between Duryodhana the war.
and Karna is a classic example of how Likewise there existed selfless love and
friends are an important asset in life. friendship between Duryodhana and
Krishna became Arjuna’s charioteer during Karna. Though an arrogant person, the
the war and guided him through the tough only Dharma that Duryodhana followed
decisions to help him emerge victorious. It is or fulfilled was sticking strictly to his
this unconditional support and motivation of friendship with Karna. Duryodhana saved
Karna from humiliation, and this earned
him lifelong loyalty and friendship of a great
warrior like Karna. And though Karna
knew that Duryodhana was wrong in his
decisions, he stood by him completely and
proved his loyalty above family relations.
These two examples from the Mahabharata
show that while intelligence and skill are
admirable, no one can reach far in life
without the support of good friends!

Quote Unquote If you cannot do great things, do small things in a great way.

August 2020
BODY BEAUTIFUL

Intestines
The intestines are a long, continuous tube running
inside our stomach. Most absorption of nutrients and
water happen in the intestines. The intestines include
the small intestine and the large intestine. The small
intestine’s job is to absorb most of the nutrients from
what we eat and drink, while the large intestine absorbs
water from wastes, creating stool (poo). To keep your
intestines healthy you need to walk, run, ride a bicycle;
have a healthy diet with lots of fresh vegetables and
fruit; and importantly, drink plenty of water.

MYTHS DEBUNKED
It is okay to HEALING HERBS
skip breakfast.
Breakfast is the most important meal Khus-khus
of the day and should not be skipped
Khus-khus have numerous
at any cost. Breakfast provides the
benefits. Apart from adding
energy needed to start the day off
flavour to several food items
right! A healthy breakfast consists such as cookies, rolls, breads,
of milk, fruits, and cereal. In fact, cakes and drinks among
children who eat a good breakfast others, Khus-khus act as
perform better in school, pay more a vital source for various
attention, are more creative, think minerals like manganese,
better and score higher on tests. zinc, copper, magnesium and
iodine. They are also a good
POWER OF YOGA source of carbohydrate that
helps in increasing energy
Virasana Benefits: levels for performing routine
This pose is great for tired legs which is common Stretches the spine
body functions. Khus-khus
among children. and shoulders;
improves blood oil is calming in nature and
How to do : circulation and is used as a relief for anxiety,
Sit with the knees together and the feet hip-width apart. relieves tiredness nervousness, restlessness,
Sit on the heels with the heels touching the hips. of legs; improves etc. This herb is also used to
The hands should rest on the `50 knees with the palms facing up. digestion and relieve pain in diseases like
Straighten the spine and drop the shoulders down and a little posture. arthritis, muscular aches to
towards the back. name a few.
Relax the body while taking deep breaths.
Retain the posture for as long as it is comfortable.

Keep your ears clean... PERSONAL HYGIENE

Earwax is a normal product of the could hurt the skin inside the ear canal. Finally, it acts as a shield
ear which protects the skin of the ear between the outside world and the eardrum. When dust, dirt,
from water and infection. Earwax and other things enter your ear, the earwax traps them so they
is formed can’t travel any further.
from wax How to get rid of Earwax?
glands in If you want to get rid of earwax, here’s what you need to do:
the external Nothing! Most kids don’t need to do anything special to remove
ear canal as earwax. You can wipe the outside of your ear with your towel
well as other but don’t use a cotton swab, your finger, or anything else to poke
components around inside your ear to remove earwax. Your ear canal and
such as dead eardrum are very delicate,
skin, sweat, and you may hurt them or
and oil. cause bleeding by trying
So why do we to get rid of wax this way.
need Earwax? Poking around in your ear
Earwax has several important jobs. First, it protects and can also push and pack the
moisturizes the skin of ear canal, preventing dry, itchy ears. wax in further.
Second, it contains special chemicals that fight off infections that

August 2020 5
 WE LEARNT ABOUT SIMPLE PRESENT TENSE
Simple Past TENSE
I studied French when I was a child.
LAST MONTH. THIS MONTH WE TAKE UP
He always skipped classes before.
SIMPLE PAST TENSE.
HOW TO CONVERT A SENTENCE INTO
WHAT IS SIMPLE PAST TENSE? SIMPLE PAST TENSE?
The simple past tense is used to talk about actions that
u FOR AFFIRMATIVE SENTENCES, THE SIMPLE PAST
happened at a specific time in the past. We can use several
FORM OF THE VERB IS USED AFTER THE SUBJECT.
tenses to talk about the past, but the simple past tense is the
FOR EXAMPLE,
one we use most often.
1) I worked on the assignment yesterday.
WHEN SHOULD WE USE THE
SIMPLE PAST TENSE?
UNDER THE MICROSCOPE
2) She arrived on time.
u FOR NEGATIVE SENTENCES, THE AUXILIARY VERB
Simple past tense is used for describing acts that have
(DID NOT) DIDN’T AND SIMPLE FORM OF THE VERB IS
already been concluded and whose exact time of occurrence
USED. FOR EXAMPLE,
is known. Furthermore, simple past is used for retelling
successive events. That is why it is commonly used in 1) It did not take time.
storytelling. Also, 2) They did not visit the beach.
8 SIMPLE PAST TENSE is used to express the idea that u FOR SENTENCES WITH YES/NO QUESTIONS OR
an action started and finished at a specific time in the past. QUESTION WORDS, THE AUXILIARY VERB ‘DID’ IS USED
IN THE BEGINNING OF THE SENTENCES. THE VERB IS
I saw a movie yesterday.
USED IN ITS SIMPLE FORM AND THE SENTENCE ENDS
I travelled to Japan last year. WITH A QUESTION MARK. FOR EXAMPLE,

8 SIMPLE PAST TENSE is used to list a series of 1) Did you learn English at home?
completed actions in the past. 2) Did it take time?
He arrived at 8:00 and went for a meeting at 10:00.
Did you go to the office, check your files and
then call him? EXERCISE 1 1. Avni _________ (go) to the supermarket.
Complete the 2. It _________(be) a beautiful day yesterday.
8 SIMPLE PAST TENSE can be used with a duration
sentences by 3. I _________ (lose) my wallet yesterday.
which starts and stops in the past.
using the verbs 4. Yash__________ (find) the book that he
I lived in Mumbai for three years. given in bracket
in their simple _________ (need).
We waited for one hour. past tense form: 5. He __________ (begin) to work this morning.
8 SIMPLE PAST TENSE can also be used to describe a
habit which stopped in the past.
the book that he needed. 5. He began to work this morning. EXERCISE 2: 1. His 2. His 3. He’s 4. He’s 5. He’s
EXERCISE 1: 1. Avni went to the supermarket. 2. It was a beautiful day yesterday. 3. I lost my wallet yesterday. 4. Yash found

ANSWERS

SOME
NEW WOR
IN THE
DS

RY
E-QUAINTANCE is a person you know only through online networks.
For example,
Æ The Covid pandemic has increased our e-quaintances to a large extent.
FASHIONISTA is a person who dresses according to the latest fashion
know
?
Do you

DICTIONA trends. For example, The letters H, I,

O, and X are the
Æ Despite her modest background, she is quite a fashionista.
WORD POWER !

only letters that

FLEXITARIAN is a vegetarian who sometimes eats meat or fish. look the same
if you flip them
For example,
upside down or
Æ There was a huge segment of flexitarians at the party. view them
from behind.
GLADRAGS are your best clothes or clothes you wear on special
occasions. For example,
Æ It was a gladrags event, full of glitz and glamour.
HAYCATION is a holiday or vacation spent on a farm. For example,

Æ A haycation will be the best break in the aftermath of the pandemic.

August 2020
 SYMPATHY by Charles Mackay
I lay in sorrow deep distressed: Answer the following questions:
My grief a proud man heard, 1. What was the poet in need of?
His looks were cold, he gave me gold. 2. What did the proud rich man offer the poet?
But not a kindly word. 3. What did the poor man give the poet?
My sorrow passed I paid him back 4. Why could the poet not repay the poor man?
The gold he gave to me, 5. Find the antonyms of the following words from
Then stood erect and spoke my thanks the passage given:
And blessed his charity. a) joy b) modest c) rude d) bent e) cursed

COMPREHENSION
I lay in want and grief, and pain
A poor man passed my way
He bound my head, he gave me bread;
He watched me night and day;
How shall I pay him back again
For all he did to me?
Oh, gold is great, but greater far
Is heavenly sympathy. Charles Mackay

He’s vs His CLOTHES is a word

with only one syllable,
What is the difference between ‘he’s’ and ‘his’?
but commonly
He’s is the short form of ‘he is’ or ‘he has’ while ‘His’ is a possessive form. mispronounced
For example, as –clothe-iz. The
He’s is a trained player. His car is green. right pronunciation
When do you use ‘he’s’ in a sentence? is with the ‘e’ silent
He’s means “he is”. For example, and the ‘s’ makes a
WORD CHECK !

He is going to America. ‘zzz’ sound

i.e. -cloth-zzz.
It can also be written as,
Ü He’s going to America. COLLEAGUE has two syllables ‘koh-leeg’.
When do you use ‘his’ in a sentence? Make sure not to pronounce the ‘ue’ on
‘His’ means anything belonging to a person. It is a possessive pronoun. It is the end. When it’s a plural - colleagues, the
used to show something belonging to or connected with a man or boy. ‘s’ makes a ‘zzz’ sound like in ‘clothes’.
For example,
FEBRUARY has two ‘r’ sounds close

SLIP OF TONGUE
She is his sister. This `50
is his book.
together leading to mispronouncing
the word as Feb-yoo-a-ree. The right
However, pronunciation is Feb-roo-a-ree.
There is nothing like Her’s. Instead, Hers is the third person singular
feminine possessive pronoun which replaces “her” + noun. For example, ESCAPE AND ESPECIALLY Putting
Is this his or hers? an extra ‘x’ sound in words with ‘es’ is a
common mistake while pronouncing these
I found a book, is it hers?
words. It is not ‘excape’ or ‘expecially’ but a
‘Hers’ should never have an apostrophe. Both ‘her’ and ‘hers’ are possessives simple es-cape and es-pecially.
used to indicate as ‘belonging to some ‘SHE’. HER is possessive adjective and
HERS is possessive pronoun of SHE. ASK Mixing up the ‘s’ and ‘k’ in ‘ask’
When a possessive adjective ‘her’ is used, it needs to be followed by a noun. and pronouncing the word as ‘ax’ is a
So we have, very common mistake. So make sure to
My book is better than her book. pronounce the word correctly as ‘ask’.
However, if you use the possessive pronoun ‘hers’, it becomes,
My book is better than hers.
Here, the noun that follows is redundant, because it is supposed to be there SNUG AS A BUG IN A RUG
IDIOM WATCH !

already. It can be understood from the context. By using the possessive Meaning: Warm and cozy
pronoun form ‘hers’ we can avoid the repetition of the noun ‘book’.

EXERCISE 2 1. __________ parents are very strict.

Fill in the blanks 2. Look at _______new car! Example:
with either 3. _______ not very well. The winter morning kept
‘he’s’ or ‘his’ and me snug as a bug in a rug
complete the 4. Look at my brother! ___ very good at football.
sentences: 5. John is absent. I think ________ ill.

August 2020 7
 Why do rain clouds Why does sunshine Why do some drinks
appear black? make you feel happy? taste better when
Exposure to sunlight is thought to they are cold?
increase the brain’s release of a hormone
called serotonin. This hormone is
associated with boosting mood and
helping a person feel calm and focused.
And so the sun’s rays makes you feel
warm and happy.

Clouds are formed of tiny water The physical sensation of

droplets and ice crystals that float
UNDER THE MICROSCOPE drinking tells the brain that you

TELL ME WHY ?
in the air. They are white in colour are rehydrating. That sensation
because of the scattering of sunlight is increased if the temperature of
through the water droplets. But rain the drink is hotter or colder than
clouds are densely packed with water your mouth and throat, because
droplets and ice, which does not let the the temperature-sensing nerves
light penetrate through them, making are stimulated as well as the touch
them appear black. sensitive ones.

Why do some things Why does thunder

make you sneeze? create sound?
A sneeze is a reflex that is triggered When a bolt of lightning shoots
when nerve endings inside the through the atmosphere, it heats
mucous membrane of the nose are the air to an amazing 30,000°C
stimulated. Some things act as an in a fraction of a second. The
irritant and if it gets into the nose, it superheated air rapidly expands,
stimulates the nerve endings inside cools and then contracts,
the mucous membrane. Sneezing causing shock waves. These
is your body’s way of removing this shock waves create sound waves,
irritant from your nose. which we hear as thunder.

How do Vaccines work? Bridgewater

As the world is working tirelessly to bring out for the return of the same invaders. If these Triangle
a vaccine to combat the Covid -19 virus, let us germs reappear, whether it’s a few weeks or
know how these vaccines work… many years later, the antibodies are ready to
What are vaccines? protect. They can often prevent the infection
Vaccinations protect us from specific diseases altogether or stop the infection even before the
that can make us very sick, disabled or even first symptoms appear. That’s why if you had
kill us. They boost our body’s defence system, mumps or measles as a child, you never get it
which is also called the immune system. again, no matter how often you are exposed to
While most vaccines are given as shots, some the same infectious agent.
WONDERED ?

are given orally as well.

HAVE YOU

How does a vaccine work?

A vaccine contains a killed or weakened The Bridgewater Triangle, an
part of a germ that is responsible for area of about 518 square kms.
infection. Because the germ has been killed in Southeastern Massachusetts
or weakened before it is used to make the just south of Boston in the
vaccine, it cannot make the person sick. USA, is subject to numerous
When a person receives a vaccine, the body cryptozoological (legendary
reacts by making protective substances called
ISN’T IT AMAZING!

animal) sightings. Since

‘antibodies’. The antibodies are the body’s
the 1970’s there have been
defenders because they help to kill the germs
that enter the body. several reports of tall, hairy,
ape-like creatures roaming
How long do vaccines have an impact the swamp. There have also
on the human body? been numerous sightings of
Even after they’ve done their work, the
Thunderbirds, giant reptile-
antibodies do not disappear. They remain
like creatures that have been
in the bloodstream, always on the lookout
seen fighting in mid-air.

8 August 2020
 Tricky Maze
of Bara Imambara Palace

ANCIENT VIGYAN
Built in 1784, Bara Imambara Palace in Lucknow district of Uttar through, with most of them looking similar. Once you enter the
Pradesh is among the most mysterious historical places in India. maze, you might end up going round and round and up and down
The central hall of the Imambara is said to be the largest arched staircases without being able to come back. Even while going
hall in the world. It measures 50 meters long and goes up to a down, you will be tricked into believing that you have come to a
height of 15 meters. lower floor but in fact you might continue to be on the same floor.
The palace is primarily known for its incredible maze, known This dense, dark maze is a network of more than 1000 complex
as ‘Bhul Bhulaiya’ locally. Located on the upper floor of the passages, some of which have dead-ends, some end at steep abrupt
monument, this amazing maze structure is one of its kind. The drops while others lead to entrance or exit points.
walls are hollow passages with corridors and staircases running

Tree Bike
Why don’t planes A few months back, the video of a farmer
fly over Tibet? climbing the tree with the help of a machine
went viral on social media. The video
was of K Ganapati Bhat, a farmer from a
small village of Komali in Sajipamunnur,
Karnataka, who has developed a manned
machine to climb the tree and to spray
pesticides or pluck bunches of arecanut,
without taxing any muscles or bruising arms
or legs!
`50 A Science graduate Ganapati Bhat came up with the idea of
developing a machine to overcome shortage of labourers in
areacanut plantations. His manned machine is based on the
model of a bike through which one can scale the trees up and

JUGAAD
Also called the “Roof of the World” due to its gigantic down with ease.
Tibetan Plateau, Tibet’s considerable height makes it
impossible for airplanes to fly over. The region of Tibet has How does the Tree Bike work?
the towering Himalayan peaks which makes it too dangerous The machine weighs 28 kg and has a two-stroke engine. It has
for flight paths. hydraulic drum brakes, gears, double chain, seat and safety belt.
Wearing safety belt, any person weighing up to 80 kg can climb
While most commercial planes are said to be able to fly
the tree within 30 seconds just by the press of
30,000 feet above sea level, they usually fly in the troposphere
a button. Similarly, he/she can alight from the
which is the lowest layer of the Earth’s atmosphere. The
tree by switching off the engine with ease. The
Himalayan peaks touch the stratosphere which is the second
use of hydraulic drum with shock absorber in
layer of the atmosphere where the air as well as the level of
the engine ensures that there is no harm to life,
oxygen is extremely thin. This would cause turbulence for the
even if the engine suddenly slips to the ground.
aeroplane and uneasiness for the travellers. Other than this,
The engine
the wind flow speed will be very strong which will make the
runs on petrol
movement of the aircraft even more difficult.
and with one
Secondly, the oxygen mask on an airline has only about litre petrol,
15-20 minutes worth of oxygen for each passenger. So if an you are able to climb around 80
emergency arises, and the supply of oxygen in the cabin is trees. However, this bike machine
decreasing at a high rate, the aircraft needs to descend at should not be used on trees
MYSTERIES

around 10,000 feet to get the oxygen back. This would be with algae, as it does not work
an issue when travelling at a place so high up and trying to on mushy or moisture-based
descend more than half of the altitude you were at. Also, surfaces.
if there is a need for emergency landing, it is impossible
to find a flat surface to possibly land due to the high
mountain ranges all around!

August 2020 9
West Bengal
Known as the ‘Cultural Capital of India’, West
Bengal has emerged as the perfect blend of
UNDER THE MICROSCOPE
modernity and traditions over the years…

W est Bengal is situated in eastern India and shares its

borders with Jharkhand, Bihar, Odisha, Sikkim and
Assam. The state also shares its international borders
with Bangladesh, Bhutan and Nepal. And it is the geographical
The first evidence of Bengali literature is formed by a collection
of 8th-12th century CE Buddhist mystic poems from Eastern
India, named Charyapada or Charyageeti.
CUISINE
location that makes West Bengal a strategic entry point for
markets in Southeast Asia. Bengali people are considered to
be great food lovers. The staple
HISTORY Bengali food comprises of rice and
All of India was once ruled by the British Empire. The Indians fish. Fish recipes also form a part
wanted freedom, but the Hindus and the Muslims of India of every festive celebration in Bengal. Salmon, Hilsa, Bhetki,
always argued. So it was decided to divide the country into two Magur, Carp, Rui and Prawns are some common varieties of
parts—one part for Muslims and the other part for Hindus. In fish found in the state.
1947 Bengal, which was a province of India, was divided into
West Bengal and East Bengal (which is now called Bangladesh).
WILD LIFE
West Bengal went to India and East Bengal went to Pakistan West Bengal can be divided into two regions: the
and was called East Pakistan. In 1971, Bangladesh became Gangetic plain and the coastal mangrove forests
independent as a result of the Bangladesh Liberation War. of the Sundarbans famous for its endangered
Royal Bengal tigers. Altogether there are 15
CULTURE wildlife sanctuaries and five national parks
The culture of West located in the state. Indian rhinoceros, Indian
Bengal is considered elephant, deer, leopard, gaur, tiger, crocodiles
to be one of the richest as well as many bird species, especially
cultures in India. migratory birds flock here. The barking deer,
Apart from boasting pangolin and kalij pheasants also inhabit
of its immense contribution in reformation the area.
movements, the state also takes the credit
for being the pioneer of cosmopolitan FESTIVALS
culture in the country. Over the years,
Durga Puja is the most significant event
the culture of West Bengal has emerged as the perfect blend of
in West Bengal. Bengalis all over the
modernity and traditions. The sanctity of Hooghly, the beauty
state celebrate this
of Eastern Himalayas, the diversity of Sunderbans and the
festival with gaiety and
freshness of the Tea Gardens, all blend together to constitute
decorate their pandals
what we call the unique culture of West Bengal. Bengali culture
with different themes.
also has its root in Bengali music, Bengali cinema and Bengali
Several Bengalis have
literature. The delicious Bengali cuisine also forms an important
the idol of Durga
constituent of the state’s cultural heritage.
brought to their homes and offer prayers. On the last day, the
LITERATURE idol is taken in a procession and immersed in the seas.
Bengali literature is regarded as one of the
richest in the world. Michael Madhusudan Calcutta used to be British India’s capital city, Do you know?
FAST FACTS

Dutt, Dinabandhu Mitra, Raja Ram Mohan before it was shifted to New Delhi. West Bengal is the
largest producer of
Roy, Kazi Nazrul Kolkata is home to 5 Nobel Laureates that includes rice in India.
Islam, Rabindranath Tagore, Bankim Sir Ronald Ross, Rabindranath Tagore,
Chandra Chattopadhyay, Sarat Sir C V Raman, Amartya Sen and Mother Teresa.
Chandra Chattopadhyayand Ishwar Kolkata has India’s largest library known as the National
Chandra Bandyopadhyay are some of Library of India. It was founded in 1836.
the classic names in Bengali literature. The Bengal film industry is referred to as Tollywood.

August 2020
 Bhutan The Kingdom of Bhutan is a tranquil
country where you can explore the
ancient cultures, beautiful landscapes
and magnificent architecture

B hutan, called Druk

Yul by its people, is
and are considered so important
that most Bhutanese people
known as the “Land of the Thunder Dragon”. It is one of the would not enjoy a meal that was
world’s most beautiful, yet mysterious places. It is located on the not spicy. Rice forms the main
eastern edge of the Himalayan Mountain region. A large part body of most Bhutanese meals.
of the area is forested welcoming a diverse ecosystem of flora It is accompanied by one or two
and fauna. The country stretches from subtropical valleys and side dishes consisting of meat or vegetables. Yak meats are
plains to snowcapped mountain ranges. This landscape makes eaten most often. Vegetables commonly eaten include spinach,
it the perfect place to trek through the majestic valleys or steep pumpkins, turnips, radishes, tomatoes, river weed, onions and
mountains to visit ancient architecture and Buddhist temples. green beans. Grains such as rice, buckwheat and barley are also
cultivated in various regions of the country depending on the
BRIEF HISTORY local climate.
Many warlords battling constantly with one another ruled PLANTS & ANIMALS
Bhutan until Zhabdrung Ngawang Namgyal from Tibet
unified the county in 1616 AD. He established a dual system of With 72 percent of Bhutan under forest cover, it boasts of a rich
governance – the Choe Sid (Spiritual and Religious tradition). variety of plants and animals. It has 5,400 varieties of plants
`50 which include 300 varieties of medicinal plants, and 46 varieties
After the long period of civil strife that followed the death
of Zhabdrung in 1651, power was finally consolidated with of rhododendrons. Bhutan has 90 mammal

?
the crowning of Gongsar Ugyen Wangchuck species and some 770 species of birds. This
Do you know as the first hereditary monarch in 1907. The
monarchical system continued till 2008 before
includes some rare and endangered animals
and birds. The snow leopard, blue sheep,
Bhutan does
not have the Fourth King stepped down and introduced red panda, tiger, takin, marmot, musk deer
traffic signals. democracy in Bhutan. Today it is a Democratic are some of the species found in the high
Constitutional Monarchy. altitudes. Birds like the black-necked cranes,
white bellied heron, horn-bills and pheasants
CULTURE are some of the birds found in Bhutan.
Bhuan has a rich culture, the result of
self-imposed isolation from the rest of the
world until five decades ago. Even today the
government strongly emphasizes promotion
and preservation of its unique culture
which is reflected through its magnificent
architecture, dress, traditional ceremonies,
everyday life of the Bhutanese people, and traditional beliefs.
Bhutan follows Driglam Namzha to preserve its tradition and
culture. It is a set of etiquette as what to wear, how to eat, talk,
bow down and so on. It was introduced and implemented
• Dzongkha is the national language of Bhutan.
since the 90’s.
• Bhutan is known as the ‘Happiest’ country in the world.
Fast Facts

CUISINE • Thimphu is the largest city, and also the capital of Bhutan.
• Bhutan is the last country in the world to introduce
The most distinctive characteristic of television and internet to its people.
Bhutanese cuisine is its spiciness. Chilies • The national sport of Bhutan is archery. Basketball and
are an essential part of nearly every dish cricket are also gaining popularity.

August 2020
GEOGRAPHY
Decoding the Assam Deluge
Assam experiences dangerous levels of flooding year-on-year; but
have you wondered why this northeastern state faces deluge that
causes major damage to life and property? Let’s find out…

UNDER THE MICROSCOPE

L ast month’s heavy rains that lashed India’s northeastern

state of Assam had triggered severe flooding and landslides,
killing at least 90 people. More than three million people were
aimed to deepen the basin – has also been employed but experts
have noted that due to the rate at which sediment builds up, such
measures may only provide temporary relief. Others have stated
displaced and moved to relief centers. Thousands of villages that it may, in fact, change the course of the river entirely.
were submerged as authorities tried to rescue people and
animals. Large areas of Kaziranga national park, home to a Deluge for Survival
number of rare species, was underwater. So why is it that the Despite 125
state of Assam floods ever year? animals that have
Unpredictable Brahmaputra been rescued and
86 of which have
There are a number of reasons like frequent earthquakes/ land- died, including
slides, erosion, dams, etc. that rhinos, deer and
cause dangerous levels of flood- wild boar, in the
ing in Assam year-on-year. But sixth worst flood
at the heart of the issue is the since 1988, the
unpredictable Brahmaputra annual deluge is considered essential for the survival of the
River that cuts across the state. UNESCO World Heritage Site – The Kaziranga National Park
With a reported 580,000 sq. and Tiger Reserve (KNPTR).
km river basin that runs along
four countries, the Brahma- Experts believe that floods are necessary for Kaziranga by virtue
putra River is notorious for of its ecosystem. They are of the opinion that the system won’t
the amount of sediment (loose survive without water. The entire area of Kaziranga formed by
pieces of rocks in the form of alluvial deposits from the Brahmaputra and its tributaries is
sand, silt, clay, and gravel), that centered around the river.
it yields. The regenerative nature of floods helps replenish Kaziranga’s
The sediment begins to gather water bodies and maintain its landscape - a mix of wetlands,
at the river’s origin in Tibet, as glaciers melt eroding the soil. As grasslands and semi-evergreen deciduous forests. Experts say,
the water travels towards Assam, it gathers more sediment, be- the floodwaters also function as a breeding ground for fish.
fore depositing large amounts of it at the flat plains of the state. The same fish are carried away by the receding waters into the
The river’s other tributaries are said to be inefficient in scatter- Brahmaputra in a way, the park replenishes the river’s stock of
ing this sediment, leading to fish too. The waters also help get rid of unwanted plants such as
massive overflowing, and water hyacinth which collect in huge masses in the landscape.
soil erosion. “In the herbivore-dominated area like Kaziranga it is important
we maintain its grassland status. If it were not for the annual
According to the Assam floods, the area would become a woodland,” say experts.
government, soil erosion
claimed over 3,800 sq. km of
farmland since 1954 - around
half the size of Sikkim. Approximately 8,000 hectares of land
was being eroded (eaten away) every year. In order to control the
flooding, the state government has turned to the creation of em-
bankments yet the river has consistently breached these banks
to destroy agricultural land and homes. Dredging – a method

August 2020
 GEOGRAPHY

Earth’s
Magnetic
Field
New research suggests that the magnetic field of the
earth is weakening, and on an average it has lost almost
10% of its strength over the last two centuries. So what
will be the impact if earth loses its magnetic field?

T he earth’s magnetic field shields us from

many things, including space rocks and charged
places during winter months, while turtles navigate the open
ocean to lay their eggs on the beaches. If the Earth’s magnetic
atoms of solar winds. So, without the magnetic field disappeared, many animals that depend on compass
field we could be susceptible to the sun’s navigation could be in serious trouble.
emissions and other cosmic events. Some scientists
believe that the solar winds could rip holes into the • Solar wind could harm us - Solar
ozone layer, increasing the risk of cosmic radiation on Earth. winds are harmful to life on Earth,
And this could be quite dangerous for living beings on our and without the protection of our
planet. In addition, a vanishing atmosphere could cause life- magnetosphere, our planet would
threatening climate changes and weather events. be regularly blasted by a stream of
deadly atoms. If Earth’s magnetic field
What is happening to the earth’s disappeared, the entire life on our
magnetic field? planet would be in trouble. And these cosmic rays can have
quite a horrifying effect on our body as it can damage DNA
Well, the Earth’s magnetic and increase risk of cancer and other illnesses.
field flips, every few hun- `50
dred thousand years or so • Power outages & broken satellites - Without Earth’s
on average, which means magnetic field, satellites can suffer
magnetic north becomes severe damage from solar winds,
magnetic south and vice and even electronic devices could
versa. But now new research suggests this change of direction be exposed to deadly atoms. In
can happen up to 10 times faster than previously thought. fact, in the year 1989, a huge solar
flare had slammed into Earth’s
So what will happen if Earth loses
magnetosphere and threw away
its magnetic field?
electricity out of gear in Quebec, Canada.
• Compasses may act weird - Compasses are tiny
magnets, and like all magnets, they align themselves • Atmosphere will be gone - The sun’s natural wind is so
with nearby magnetic fields. Thankfully Earth’s powerful that it can easily absorb all the gases out of a planet’s
magnetic field is strong enough to force compasses to atmosphere. This is exactly what happened to Mars which was
align north to south. But if our planet’s magnetic field is somewhat like Earth with water and atmosphere. But unlike
gone, compasses would point to any nearby source Earth, its magnetic field disappeared billions of years ago. Its
of magnetism. atmosphere was left completely exposed causing it to be torn
away into space. So, there is no doubt that without our magnetic
• Birds wouldn’t be able to navigate - field, our atmosphere, our oceans, and life on Earth, could face
Many birds, turtles, honeybees, the same terrible fate.
fishes, and even fruit flies have
biological compasses known as
‘magnetoreceptors’ built into
their bodies. Birds
use this capability
to fly to warmer

August 2020
 COACH

Bharat Mission
ATMANIRBHAR 2022
INDIA’S ONLY COMPLETE SCHOOL MAGAZINE

AUGUST 2020  VOL 01  ISSUE 06

Independence Diamond Jubilee

CEO & Managing Editor
Manoj Mahanta

EDITORIAL
Editor
Shobhaa Tawde

Associate Editor
P oet Allama Iqbal dedicated the above words
to the brave freedom fighters and martyrs of
India. Exhorting the enslaved Indians, now
Though in the last two decades, de licensing and
open economic stance has been adopted by us, it
is still to gather momentum to outstrip the urban
Noel Fernandes UNDER THE MICROSCOPE
75-years by any means is a long time to take stock of
the response of the nation, past and present, to look
population explosion.
Sr. Correspondent In these eight decades, as we anxiously look forward
into the future. It definitely gives goose-bumps to to reaching the diamond jubilee mark in 2022, one
Nikita Gaundalkar all those who have seen our rise from a loosely held wonders what kind of future scenarios await us as a
fragmented British-ruled country to a sovereign nation. The Pandemic weighing down heavily and
DESIGN democratic, federal superpower as we hit the 8th the Chinese dragon again getting into the action
Head - Creative decade since independence. And then through mode to undercut and damage our journey to the
Sanjay Vaidya the long process of democratic, socio-politico- Indo-Pacific superpower status; being heralded by
economic churning, we have now reached a stage the formation QUAD with the US, the Japanese
DESIGN TEAM
of being called to play the role of an Indo-Pacific and Australia inviting us to join the cable as a
Vinod Jumde superpower as hailed by the current superpower bulwark against the Chinese hegemony.
Snehal Ghawali including the USA and Russia. Besides being The future, therefore, is extremely challenging
Sudhir Rane invited to join the G-7 group we have already a seat and highly promising for us as we look beyond
at the top global leagues across the board. Welcome the pandemic. While the tornado of COVID
MARKETING to the frontiers!
Sr. Executive 19 will hurt the population and economy, it will
While the current pandemic does not paint a rosy certainly lay the foundation of strong public health
Sharad Deoray­
picture of our economy, we cannot step aside the and hygiene infrastructure and network in the
astonishing growth achieved in our country since country. New life-saving and support equipment
DISTRIBUTION independence. For example, the food production and technology will have to be put in place to
Field Representatives has increased from 40 million tons to 290 million combat the pandemic, which will go a long way
Yogesh Tajane tons, milk production has reached 170 million, in improving the health security of our society.
Arvind Gawde vegetables and horticulture produce 330 million As the Chinese crisis has shown to us, we are
Avdhut Jadhav while we produce 380 million tons of sugarcane already moving towards blocking the Chinese tech
Sunil Jadhav every year. On the industrial front, we are and hardware in the country. This indeed will
Ajinkya Lagade
producing 100 million tons of iron and steel, 335 spur the young Indian to innovate and achieve
million tons of cement, and almost 900 million tons significant milestones through the mission of
Nitesh Vaskar
of coal to support power and industrial productions. Atmanirbhar. Government support across the
Tejas Vayangankar
Our current automotive population is about 30 sector. Atmanirbhar will give a tremendous boost
Rupesh Adurkar million vehicles and will reach 90 million by the to MSME and large scale manufacturing sectors
Amol Shinde end of this decade. All the major car producers of in the country. Thus the dual pincer of Corona
Kiran Mandavkar the world have stepped up their plants in India, and Chinese threat may actually turn out to be a
besides the robust domestic production capabilities blessing in disguise. Lastly, whether it is defence
ADMINISTRATION of TATAs, Mahindra, Bajaj, Hero and likes. While production of aircraft, ships and guns or the IT
Asst. Manager the statistical numbers of cars per capita or houses and digital world, we shall gain significantly by
Shubhangi Todankar per family or power consumption per capita may the Atmanirbhar mission and by 2022 we will
Executives not be very impressive, it is a fact that the 1.35 be reaching the coveted status of Indo-Pacific
Mansi Patyane billion population has reduced the number of poor superpower nation.
Sunayana Singh from almost 50% to 10% in these eight decades. We salute the warriors fighting the pandemic
Supriya Chavan These are significant achievements indeed and and the Jawans guarding the front as well as the
every Indian has to be proud of it. scientists and technicians ready to launch Tejas
PATRON However, this journey of eight decades is not Mark - II, Arjun, Arihant nuclear submarine,
Prof. Vijay Page without some major strategic and economic Pinaka, Brahma, Astra, Dhruv, Prithvi, Vikrant - II
blunders committed by us. On the international and not to forget the Agni - V breaking global and
Knowledge Explorer, C2/610, Skyline strategic horizon, our glaring mistake like taking galactic boundaries. On this Independence Day as
Wealth Space, Skyline Oasis, the Kashmir invasion to United Nations, thereby we march towards 2022 there is a lot to be
Premier Road, Vidyavihar (W), losing a substantial part of Kashmir to Pakistan or proud about…
Mumbai - 400 086. letting China gobble up Aksai Chin after having
“Saare Jahan Se Achha Hindustan Hamara….” –
If you want to be a Young Insight swallowed Tibet followed by the Himalayan blunder
subscriber, call us on:
Allama Iqbal
in 1962 could be cited as major strategic failures or
022 - 35521827
miscalculations. On the economic front, the three
or write to us at: decades of blindly copying the Centralised Planning Jai Hind!
[email protected]
system based on the Soviet Model followed by strict
Disclaimer: Publishers of the magazine are not liable for issues
concerning copy rights of material contributed by students, licensing and import curbs could be cited economic
subscribers or experts as they are printed in good faith under the
belief that these are original works. blunders, which have cost the nation significantly. Prof. Vijay Page
[email protected]

August 2020
 MythOlOgy
Mythical and Mystical Giants
Invariably, in the legends and myths world-over we find mention of giants bigger than
the average human being. Some even monstrous in appearance, yet at times friendly and
helpful to humanity. Interestingly, the word ‘Giant’ comes from the Greek word ‘Gigantes’
which means ‘Earth-born’. It refers to a race of huge creatures who were the offspring of
Gaia, the Earth in Greek. These giants were half-man, half-monster and different cultures
had their own unique myths about giants. Here we look at some of the fascinating stories
about giants:

Greek Mythology The giants and

the Olympians engaged in a war to death
known as the Gigantomachy. The Gods
needed the help of a human hero, because the giants could not be killed by
Gods alone. Therefore, Zeus, the father of the Olympian Gods fathered a son
- the mighty Heracles whose mother was a human. So when Gods fought back
strongly, Heracles picked off the giants one-by-one with his arrows. After the
battle, as several fallen giants became part of the landscape, the Goddess Athena
breathing her fiery breath buried them under the volcano called Etna.

Judeo-Christian How could one

not mention the famous story of Goliath
and David? The Philistine and Israelite
armies agreed to let the battle between
the two best warriors decide their
future. In a victory of wit over brute
strength, David used a stone from his
slingshot to knock Goliath unconscious,
and then cut off his head with his own
sword. Despite being at a significant
disadvantage in armour, weaponry and
size, David goes on to win the battle
against the giant Goliath.

`50
Ancient Indian Back in India, we have the
stories of the mayavi giant Ghatotkacha the son
of the Pandava Bhima and demoness Hidimbi in
the Mahabharata. Karna and Ghatotkacha are
Norse Giants Like engaged in a fierce battle, so much so that Karna
the Greek myth, in Norse is forced to use his celestial weapon Shakti, which
mythology Gods fought he had saved to kill Arjuna. When Ghatotkacha is
and conquered the race of about to fall dead, he enlarges his body crushing a
giants. But the two races portion of the Kaurava army under his weight. In the Ramayana, we have a story of the sleeping
were not always enemies; giant Kumbhakarna who was the brother of Ravana, the king of Lanka. Kumbhakarna’s capacity
instead there are stories of to eat was massive – he would eat up everything. With his appetite he would gulp down the entire
friendship and marriages universe, yet he was never really interested in violence and committing a sin. It was owing to his
amongst them. For instance, loyalty towards his brother Ravana that he decided to fight Lord Rama and Lakshmana.
the mother of the thunder
God Thor was a giantess
named Jord. There are
many stories about Thor’s
battle with the giants. In
one contest, Thor loses a
wrestling match with an old
woman giant who is said to
be ‘Age’, which overcomes us
all. So Gods were not always
good and the giants were not
always bad, and the struggle
between the two groups was
an on-going one.

August 2020
Make in India
According to the 2020 Global Firepower Report, the mighty Indian military is
ranked fourth in the world among 138 countries…And as the nation celebrates
its 74th Independence Day, we take great pride in bringing to you some of the
new arms and ammunition being developed within the country…

O n June 15 -16, 2020 a violent face-off took place at Galwan in eastern Ladakh. Though no

UNDER THE MICROSCOPE

bullets were fired, the episode was described as the biggest military confrontation between the
two countries in over five decades. To counter such threats, the Government of
India is making several defence deals to strengthen its defence system. And the
greater emphasis is on manufacturing defence equipment within the country.
As Prime minister, Narendra Modi said, “From satellites to submarines, come
make in India… we have steel... we have discipline, we have resolve... sell
anywhere, (but) Make in India.” So here’s a lowdown on some defence arsenal
that are being developed in India:

HAL AMCA & FGFA

The HAL Advanced
Medium Combat Aircraft
(AMCA) is a super-
maneuverable multirole
combat aircraft designed
for the air superiority,
Agni-VI
ground attack, bombing,
intercepting, strike and other It is an
types of roles to operate at intercontinental
an altitude of nearly 60,000 ballistic missile
feet. The Fifth Generation being developed
Fighter Aircraft (FGFA) for the use
being developed as a joint of the Indian
venture between Russia and
Aura UCAV Armed Forces. Agni-VI will be a four-
India is a two-man-crew AURA is an autonomous unmanned combat stage intercontinental ballistic missile to
fighter that can travel at an air vehicle (UCAV) with weapon firing launch several nuclear warheads, with each
altitude up to 65,000 feet at capability. The AURA is expected to carry a warhead striking a different target at a
very high speed. pair of laser-guided bombs or similar weapons. strike range of 8,000 km to 12,000 km.

BrahMos-II or BrahMos Mark II

A hyper-sonic cruise missile
currently under joint
development by Russia and
India, it has the ability to be
fired from ships, submarines,
S400
aircraft, and land, and is
a versatile missile that will This missile system can neutralise drones
strike fast. The missile as well as ballistic and cruise missiles
is designed to select and within a range of 400 kms up to an
destroy hardened and buried altitude of close to 32 kms. It is capable
targets such as bunkers and of firing three types of missiles, creating
storage facilities. a layered defence, and simultaneously
engaging 36 targets.

August 2020
 PAD/ AAD Ballistic Missile Defence
(BMD) System
Two interceptor missiles, the PAD (Prithvi
Air Defence) and the AAD (Advanced Air
Defence) along with the Green Pine radar
form the core of this system. The PAD is an
exo-atmospheric interceptor used to intercept
ballistic missiles which are travelling outside
the Earth’s atmosphere. The AAD is used
INS Aridhaman Class Submarine
to intercept short-range ballistic missiles.
Both these missiles are initially guided by an This is the second nuclear-powered ballistic
Inertial Navigation System (INS) and have missile submarine being built by India.
an active radar seeker for homing in on the India will be having a fleet of Nuclear
target. The PAD and AAD missiles working Submarines in the near future.
in tandem are said to have a hit probability of
99.8% against enemy ballistic missile.

INS Vishal
This vessel for the Indian navy will be nuclear powered
and will be able to accommodate up to 55 aircrafts. It
is currently under development and is expected to be
commissioned in 2025.

`50

Project-75 I Submarine &

Project-18 Class Destroyer
The Project 75I-class submarines
will have a vertical launch system
(VLS) to enable them to carry
multiple Brahmos supersonic cruise
missiles, making the submarines Future Main Battle Tank
fully capable of anti-surface and The Future Main Battle Tank (FMBT) is a futuristic tank that will feature both
anti-ship warfare missions. Project active and passive protection system. If the enemy fires a missile using an infrared
75I submarines will also be armed weapon, soft-kill passive technology would jam the infrared rays thus eliminating the
with torpedoes and will feature enemy projectile from destroying the asset. The active protection system would launch
advanced stealth capabilities such grenades, which will generate smoke. By this process, the MBT remains hidden and
as a greater ability to suppress noise the tank would retaliate at the enemy by launching its own missiles.
and acoustic signatures. Project-18 These developments will further strengthen
Class Destroyers will be equipped the Indian Defence System and aid our
with advanced systems such as brave men in uniform to safeguard the
electromagnetic railguns, laser- nation and continue their noble work of
based close-in weapon systems and keeping our tricolour flying high…
advanced radars.

August 2020
ECO TALK

Stop
UNDER THE MICROSCOPE

Pollution! Will the Maharashtra Government’s recent order to limit big Ganapati idols
work in bringing down the pollution level? Well truly speaking, more is
required on our part if we have to deal with this threat on a larger scale…

T he Maharashtra government last month made it mandatory

for all ‘mandals’ to take prior permission from the
concerned municipality or local authority for Ganeshutsav
beaches also come under this ward. Around 6,500 civic workers
and 2,500 civic officials were deployed across Mumbai’s seashores
and artificial lakes to collect nirmalya and other polluting
celebrations. The government has also limited the maximum materials. As per civic data, on the eleventh day of Ganeshutsav,
idol height at 4 feet, and has issued detailed guidelines for the Ganesh idols from 38,543 households and 7,475 sarvajanik idols
organisers keeping in mind the COVID-19 pandemic situation in were immersed at various spots in Mumbai.
the state.
Make a difference!
The government has directed that even the idols installed at home
cannot be taller than two feet. It has also advised Ganesh Mandals You can make a difference this
to use eco-friendly idols and artificial ponds for immersion. Ganeshutsav by becoming an Eco
The ten-day Ganesh Chaturthi festival during which ‘Sarvajanik Warrior. Just by following these
Mandals’ install idols in roadside pandals will begin from simple steps you can help bring down
August 22. pollution level to a great extent:
Use eco-friendly Ganesha made of clay and decorated with
Mumbai worst polluter natural colors. Always go for those
Last year, since the conclusion of the annual 11-day Ganeshutsav, made of unbaked natural clay, natural
the Brihanmumbai Municipal Corporation (BMC) collected fiber, or even recycled paper.
a total of 8.41 lakh kilograms of ‘nirmalya’ (flowers and leaves Make sure to immerse idols only
offered to the deity) from all 24 wards of the city. From G-North in a water tank or artificial ponds
ward, under which the Dadar and Mahim beaches fall, 1.65 lakh constructed by the government.
kilograms of nirmalya was collected. Every year, lakhs of devotees Make sure to go for smaller
come here for visarjan. size idols.
The second ward to have collected a huge amount of nirmalya was Prior to immersion of Ganesh idol,
Andheri West ward, with 1.05 lakh kgs. The Juhu and Versova collect worship material either for
recycling or composting.

Make your own artificial pond

Every year, Ganesh Chaturthi celebrations end with the immersion of Ganesha
idols into the sea, rivers, lakes or ponds. As most idols are made from Plaster
of Paris and toxic, non-biodegradable chemical colours, the immersion ends up
causing considerable harm to marine life. In a bid to reduce the environmental
damage, you can create an artificial pond in your society this Ganeshutsav. It’s
quite simple: just identify a big Inflated Bath Tub. Once located, place it in a corner
of your society and fill it with water. Your artificial pond is ready for idol immersion!
Later the water from the tub can be used to water the plants in your society.

August 2020
 Rice for Plastic

A youth-based group, Mana Peddapuram, has initiated an unique ‘Rice for

Plastic’ drive with the aim of eradicating the use of plastic in the country

S ituated in the East Godavari district of

Andhra Pradesh, Peddapuram is a small
town waging a war on single-use plastic in an
Modus Operandi
The NGO (Mana Peddapuram) starts by
buying rice directly from the mills as it’s
interesting way. And leading the fight against this comparatively cheaper. The plastic items
menace is a 30-year old Naresh Pedireddi, who collected are given to sanitation workers.
through his youth-based group called Mana Peddapuram, has Thereafter, the civic body gives them to the
initiated ‘Rice for plastic’ drive with the aim of eradicating the recycling plants, owned by the government
use of plastic. and private parties, throughout Peddapuram.
The Objective Mana Peddapuram has a network of nearly 25,000 members,
Launched on the 150th birth anniversary of Mahatma Gandhi, including the locals and those who have moved to other parts of
`50 One is to encourage
this drive has twin-goals to accomplish: the country and overseas from Peddapuram. The group not only
people to avoid using items made of plastic, which is in line with has a tremendous offline base but also online base which is very
the Prime Minister’s goal of eradicating single-use plastic within active on social media like Facebook, WhatsApp, etc.
the next three years; other is the fight against hunger. Engaging Children
The campaign, which began before 2nd October 2019, However, the group is reluctant to make the
announced that whoever brings plastic items (preferably single- campaign a daily-affair as almost all its members
use plastics) will be given an equal quantity of rice. The response are from the working class. The group says it
was overwhelming with about 200 kg of plastic collected and will continue the campaign but will conduct the
200 kg of rice distributed to the people on the very first day. barter only on Sundays as it needs manpower
Subsequently, the group collected 150 kg of plastic in the next and most of the group members are working or business
2 days of their campaign. Now states like Hyderabad have class. Therefore the group now wants to motivate children to
approached the group for expanding the initiative looking at the participate in the plastic waste collection by offering them toys,
campaign’s success. chocolates and biscuits, instead of rice.

You can make a difference! instead of buying plastic bottles now and then.
India generates nearly 26,000 tonnes of plastic waste every day, • Go for the cone – Make sure you always choose an ice-cream
making it the 15th biggest plastic polluter globally. Discarded cone, instead of a plastic cup and a spoon.
plastic waste litters the country’s roads, rivers and also forms • Create awareness – Make posters, banners, conduct
huge mounds in garbage dumps across the country. But you can competitions in your school and society talking about the
make a difference by following these simple tips: ill-effects of plastic.
• Say no to straws – Do away with plastic straws and use paper • Pick up what you can – If you see any plastic littered in
straw or reusable straws. your school or society compound make sure to dispose
it in a dustbin.
• Reusable water bottle - Drink out of a reusable water bottle,

Join these NGOs to fight plastic pollution

• Green Yatra, Mumbai - 99675 38049 • Urja, Mumbai - 022 24124397 • Swach, Pune - 9765999500
• Parvaah, New Delhi - 9810111397/ 9650952046 • Eco Friends, Kanpur - 9793633300

August 2020
 As technology continues to advance, kids seem to always be looking for new and exciting gizmos that
engage and challenge them. So here are a range of gadgets for you to explore ‘n experience…

Smart Robot Electric

Have you always dreamed of building your own robot,
but think that’s it’s impossible without a laboratory?
Scooter
With a slick, modern design,
Well, not anymore with this smart robot kit! This little
this scooter looks fast. And it
robot comes in pieces and is easy to build as it comes
has the 100 Watt motor, built
with a very well-explained, step by step instruction
into the rear wheel, to back its
manual. This intelligent robot is able to respond
looks! Also to make sure you
with gestures and emotions; and he’s also got some
stay in control, it has an air-
fantastically futuristic robotic light effects and sounds.
filled, shock absorbent front
wheel with a hand-operated
UNDER THE MICROSCOPE brake. Charge the battery
for about 12 hours and your
Smart Pen Scooter is ready to give about 60
Instead of carrying minutes of ride time!
loads of different devices
around, you can simply
carry this Smart Pen,
which has your entire
necessary tech in one,
easy-to-carry gadget!
This pen has a built-
in phone, dual camera
(front and back), stylus,
laser pen, voice recorder, Clip
remote capture, radio, Book Light
speaker, video recorder, It’s a bendable book
SD slot, 2 microphones,
mp3 and mp4 player,
Levitating Globe lamp that clips to the
It’s a mini globe that hovers and gently back cover of your
and a voice changer. It book and bends over the page, giving you
rotates wherever you place it. And, with
connects easily to your enough light to read comfortably… wherever
the base having LED lights built in, it
smartphone and its built- you are! It even has two brightness settings so
makes a great night light. Place it on your
in rechargeable battery you can get the perfect amount of light to suit
study table, take it to the school or just
gives you up to six hours your environment. Just charge once, clip it and
play with friends for this floating globe is
of fun time! get up to 6 hours of light. Happy reading!
packed with loads of entertainment!

Its functioning
As far as the functioning is concerned, users can make
T E C H N O V AT E

holographic video calls with colleagues who can join

in their 3D avatar and in regular video calling format.
Once users join in a call, they can share and view
presentations on a large virtual screen. An interesting
aspect of this use case is that Jio Glass users can use
voice commands for calling individuals.
Jio Glass Its features Apart from everyday office work, Jio Glass can also
Reliance Jio has In terms of features,
launched its first Jio Glass comes with a
augmented reality- personalised audio system and the company
enabled glasses - Jio says that it supports all standard audio formats.
Glass. The Jio Glass is It offers HD quality video and at the moment
a mixed reality (MR)- it supports more than 25 apps. Design wise,
based holographic lens Jio Glass comes with a plastic frame that
system that enables has a camera in the front between the two
users to perform various be used for conducting virtual classes that will be held
lenses. The device weighs just 75 grams and
tasks such as host over Jio’s MR cloud. “Jio Glass is making teachers
it comes with a cable that can be attached to
conference calls, share and students come together in 3D virtual rooms
the company’s newly
and view presentations and conduct holographic classes through our Jio
launched MR glasses
and hold discussions Mixed Reality cloud in real-time. With JioGlass, the
and a smartphone
among other things. traditional way of learning Geography will now be
for providing internet
History,” the company said.
connectivity.

August 2020
 Make a Simple
Electric Motor
Here is a fun way to explore the inner workings of a simple
electric motor. This is a great project for use in the classroom or
at home. Making your own Simple Electric Motor is an excellent
introduction into the world of technology.
Materials
D battery Insulated 22G wire
2 large-eyed, long, metal sewing needles Modeling clay
Electrical tape Small circular magnet

Procedure Step 4 Lay the D battery secure the needles to the ends What do we learn?
Step 1 Begin by making a loop sideways on a flat surface. of the battery. Your coil should An electrical current
as shown in the picture. Step 5 Stick some modeling be hanging above the battery. through any conductor
clay on either side of the Step 9 Tape the small magnet creates a magnetic field.
Step 2 Ask an adult to help
battery so it does not roll away. to the side of the battery so Wrapping the wire into a
you remove the top-half of the
wire insulation on each free Step 6 Now take 2 small balls that it is centered underneath coil increases the strength
end of the coil. The exposed of modeling clay and cover the the coil. of the magnetic field, so
wire should be facing the same sharp ends of the needle. long as the moment of
Step 10 Give your coil a spin.
direction on both sides. inertia remains small. The
Step 7 Place the needles What happens? The motor
Step 3 Thread each loose principles that allow this
upright next to the terminals will continue to spin when
end of the wire coil through motor to work are the same
of each battery so that the side pushed in the right direction.
the large eye of a needle. Try ones that govern all motors.
of each needle touches one The motor will not spin
to keep the coil as straight as These motors all turn
terminal of the battery. when the initial push is in the
possible without bending the electromagnetic energy into
Step 8 Use electrical tape to opposite direction.
wire ends. kinetic energy.

Rainbow
Rain Experiment
`50

This particular experiment You’ll need:

teaches you about how rain is A glass or jar
formed! When water droplets Shaving cream
evaporate and continue to collect Food coloring
in a cloud, they get heavier and Bowls
heavier. They will eventually Eye droppers
become too heavy to float on the
A spoon
air so the water droplets will fall to
the ground as rain! Paper towels
Water

Method
In a bowl combine 1/2 cup of water The Experiment
with several drops of food coloring and How does it Work?
Now use an eye dropper to drop the
stir, using one bowl for each color of
varying colors of water into the shaving Just like a cloud the shaving cream
“rain” that you wish to make.
cream cloud. slowly takes in the varying colors
Set these to the side.
As the “cloud” fills with the varying of rain.
Fill a large glass or vase 2/3 of the way
watercolors it will start to rain. As the cloud fills it swells, holding as
with cold water.
The more colored water that is added much inside as it can before reaching its
Then, add shaving cream to the top-
the more rain that falls. full capacity.
surface of the water.
Pretty cool, right? And beautiful too! It is at this point that the rain begins
It is now time to make it rain rainbows!
to fall.

August 2020
 SPACE ODYSSEY
SpaceX Mission

SKY WATCH
Commercial space company, SpaceX plans
to launch a pioneering new satellite system,
with the aim of providing global high speed
internet connection from space. According
Planet Watch & to the plan, thousands of communication
Meteor Showers satellites will be launched in the 2020s.
The satellite system will consist of thousands
The Perseids, one of the best meteor of mass-produced small satellites in low
showers to observe peaks this year on the Earth orbit, working in combination with
night of the 11th August and morning of ground transceivers. SpaceX also plans to sell
12th August, 2020. It is produced by comet
UNDER THE MICROSCOPE
some of the satellites for military, scientific,
Swift-Tuttle. Meteors will radiate from or exploratory purposes. The first 60
the constellation Perseus, but can appear
satellites were launched in May 2019. So as of 2020, SpaceX is launching another
anywhere in the sky.
60 satellites to provide near-global service by late 2021 or 2022.
On August 13 the planet Venus will be
at its highest point above the horizon in the
morning sky. Look for the bright planet in

SPACE TRAVEL
the eastern sky before sunrise. Sleeping in Space

?
The weightlessness of space makes
While the Earth and the sleeping difficult. Astronauts have
other planets within our special space pajamas, a special space
Do you know

solar system orbit around

sleeping bag, and a space sleeping pod.
the Sun, the Sun itself is
orbiting around the centre of The sleeping bag isn’t the kind we use on
our galaxy, the Milky Way. Earth: it has arm holes, and is attached to
It takes the Sun 225 million the cushioned wall in the space pod. This
years to perform a complete prevents the astronauts from floating away
circuit of the galaxy.
while they are asleep!
SPACE TECH

SPACE GLOSSARY Nanofiber Water Filter Mystic Mountain

SKYLINE
What is a A nanofiber filter made to purify water in
Black Hole? orbit is currently being used to supply clean
water in remote villages. The nanofibers
having unusually strong “bioadhesivity”—
meaning particles, including viruses and
bacteria, get easily attracted to the fibers. When
water passes through a filter woven of the fibers,
these particles move to the fibers and get stuck
there, leaving virus- and bacteria-free water to The ‘Mystic Mountain’ in the Carina
be used. Also, the woven nanofibers have bigger Nebula is a turbulent star-forming
pores up to two microns allowing region made up primarily of dust and
A black hole is a region water to pass through at a much gas - oxygen, hydrogen, nitrogen and
where gravity is so strong that faster rate, while still eliminating sulfur. This region is located roughly
nothing—no particles or even better than 99.9 percent 7,500 light-years from Earth in the
electromagnetic radiation such of viruses and southern constellation of Carina.
as light can escape from it. It is bacteria, without Mystic Mountain is three light-years tall
created by the total gravitational using chemicals. inside the Carina Nebula (NGC 3372),
collapse of a massive star or group located in the Carina–Sagittarius Arm
of stars. of our Milky Way galaxy.

Gemini Observatory ASTRO SCOPE

The Gemini Observatory’s twin optical/infrared telescopes are an
ocean apart, but together they can access the entire sky. Gemini South is
located at almost 9,000 feet in the Chilean Andes; while Gemini North
sits atop the dormant volcano Mauna Kea in Hawaii. Seven countries
own the Gemini Observatory - the US, Canada, Chile, Brazil, and
Korea. The Gemini Observatory consists of two 8.1-meter diameter
telescopes and each telescope has a suite of instruments covering the
optical and ground-accessible infrared wavelength regions.

August 2020
 How do rats fit Why do cats rub their
through small holes heads against things
Regardless of their size, rats can squeeze Cats have multiple scent
through small openings in walls and holes. glands on their heads. They
Though they have a skeleton made of have glands located around
bones just like us, their bodies are long, their mouths, chins, sides
flexible and cylindrical in shape. This of the face, neck and ears.
helps them enter holes, but big rats still When a cat rubs his face on
find it difficult to enter. an item, he leaves his scent
behind. The height of the
object determines which part
of his head a cat will use to
leave a scent mark on an item.

Why are olive ridley

turtles called so
Olive Ridleys are Why are piranhas known as
considered the most ‘Wolf of the Water’
abundant sea turtle in
The Piranha fish
the world. They get their
are known as
name from the colouring
the ‘Wolf of the
of their heart-shaped
Water’, as like
shell, which starts out
wolves they hunt in
grey but becomes olive
a pack. They also
green once the turtles
have very sharp and
are adults.
triangular teeth
that help them to
tear meat away
from their prey.
What is the function They also have a
`50
of the zebra stripes very powerful bite
like that of a wolf.
The stripes of the zebra hide it
from predators. The stripes also
protect the animal from biting
flies as the striped pattern
confuses the fly and does not
allow it land on the body of
the zebra. Another important Do elephants
function is that it helps have a
maintain body good memory
temperature,
where black Elephants do not only have huge
stripes would bodies but also have a brain that
absorb heat weighs five kilograms. With their
and white large size and brain capacity,
stripes would they can store information and
reflect light remember things for years.
more and thus Elephants are known to remember
help cool zebras people and are able to recognize
as they graze them several years later!
for hours in the
blazing sun.

August 2020
 English
Numerical Ability 1) What is a person who studies the pattern
(1) Three numbers are in the ratio 1: 2: 3 and their of voting in election called?
H.C.F. is 12. The numbers are: (a) Anthropologist (b) Cartographer
(a) 12, 24, 36 (b) 10, 20, 30 (c) 5, 10, 15 (d) 4, 8 12 (c) Laxicographer (d) Psephologist (e) None of these
2) Six bells commence tolling together and toll at
2) What is a Government run by officials called?
intervals of 2, 4, 6, 8, 10 and 12 seconds respectively. In
(a) Democracy (b) Bureaucracy (c) Gerontocracy
30 minutes, how many times do they toll together?
(d) Kekistocracy (e) None of these
(a) 4 (b) 15 (c) 16 (d) 10
3) The largest number which divides 25, 73 and 97 to
leave the same remainder in each case is:
UNDER
3) What isTHE MICROSCOPE
the antonym of Abstain?
(a) Starve (b) Withhold (c) Continue
(a) 21 (b) 24 (c) 32 (d) 6 (d) Refrain (e) None of these
4) What is the greatest number of three digits which when
divided by 6, 9 and 12 leaves a remainder of 4) What is the antonym of Durability?
3 in each case? (a) Fragility (b) Weakness (c) Persistence
(a) 972 (b) 996 (c) 939 (d) 975 (d) Stamina (e) None of these

5) The H.C.F. of two numbers is 11 and their L.C.M. is

5) What is the antonym of Vigilant?
7700. If one is 275, then the other one is.
(a) Careless (b) Aware (c) Wary
(a) 283 (b) 318 (c) 308 (d) 279
(d) Looking for (e) None of these

Logical Learning

SOLVE THESE BLOOD RELATION QUESTIONS

1) Pointing to a photograph, Vipul said, “She is the
daughter of my grandfather’s only son.” How is Vipul
related to the girl in the photograph?
(a) Brother (b) Grandson (c) Son
(d) Father (e) Uncle.
2) Looking at the portrait of a man, Harsh said, “His
mother is the wife of my father’s son. Brothers and sisters
I have none.” At whose portrait was Harsh looking?
(a) His Nephew (b) His Uncle (c) His Grandson
(d) His Son (e) His Father in law.
3) If Neena says, “Anita`s father Raman is the only son of
my father-in-law Mahipal”, then how is Bindu, who is the
sister of Anita, related to Mahipal?
(a) Niece (b) Wife (c) Daughter
(d) Daughter in law (e) None of these.
4) Pointing to a girl in the photograph, Amar said, “Her
mother`s brother is the only son of my mother’s father.”
How is the girl`s mother related to Amar?
(a) Mother (b) Aunt (c) Granddaughter
(d) Niece (e) None of these.
5) Pointing to a gentleman, Deepak said, “ His only
brother is the father of my daughter`s father.” How is the
gentleman related to Deepak?
(a) Grandfather (b) Father in law (c) Uncle
(d) Son in law (e) None of these.

August 2020
 August 2020
ANSWER
LOGICAL LEARNING LOGICAL LEARNING
(1) (a)12, 24, 36 1. (a) Brother
My grandfather’s only son -- My father. So, the girl is the
Let the required numbers be z, 2z and 3z.
daughter of Vipul’s father i.e., Vipul is the girl`s brother.
Then, their H.C.F. = 12
2. (d) His Son
So, z = 12.
Since Harsh has no brother or sister, so he is his father’s
The numbers are 12, 24 and 36.
only son. Now, wife of my father’s son - my wife. So,
2) (c) 16 Harsh’s wife is the man’s mother or the man is Harsh’s son.
L.C.M. of 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12 is 120. 3. (e) None of these
So, the bells will toll together after every 120 seconds i.e. Only son of Neena’s father-in-law Mahipal - Neena’s
2 minutes. In 30 minutes, they will toll together in 30/2 husband. So, Raman is Neena’s husband and Anita and
+1 Bindu are his daughters.Thus, Bindu is the granddaughter
= 16 times. of Mahipal.
3) (b) 24 4. (b) Aunt
Required number = H.C.F. of (97 - 73) (97 - 25) and Only son of Amar’s mother’s father - Amar’s maternal
uncle. So, the girl’s maternal uncle is Amar’s maternal
(73 - 25) .C.F of 48, 24 and 72 uncle. Thus, the girl’s mother is Amar’s aunt.
= 24.
5. (c) Uncle
4) (d) 975 Father of Deepak’s daughter’s father - Deepak’s father.
Greatest number of 3 digits is 999 So, the man’s brother is Deepak’s father or the man is the
L.C.M. of 6, 9 and 12 = 36 brother of Deepak’s father i.e., Deepak’s uncle.
On dividing 999 by 36, remainder obtained is 27. ENGLISH
Greatest number of 3 digits divisible by 6, 9, 12 = (999 - 1) d (2) b (3) c (4) a (5) a
27) = 972.
Required number (972 + 3) = 975 SCIENCE
1) a (2) c (3) d (4) d (5) b (6) d (7) c
5) (c) 308
GK
Number = (11* 7700) / 275 = 308 1) b 2) c 3) b
a) Saina Nehwal b) P V Sindhu c) Jwala Gutta
India’s interactive sessions called ‘Fit India Talks’?
`50
(3) Which Indian Badminton star launched the series of Fit
a) China b) North Korea c) Russia
its President to remain in power till 2036?
(2) Which country voted for constitutional amendments that let
a) New Delhi b) Maharashtra c) Kerala
named PLATINA?
convalescent plasma therapy project for treating COVID-19,
(1) Which Indian state has launched the world’s largest
GK
(e) Nickel and Zinc
(c) brass and nickel (d) tin and copper
(a) Nickel and copper (b) zinc and copper
4) What is Bell metal an alloy of?
(c) Diamond (d) Sapphire (d) Lead (e) Zinc
(a) Ruby (b) Emerald (a) Copper (b) Chromium (c) Cadmium
7) Which of the following is an element? 3) Which metal pollutes the air of a big city?
(c) Iron (d) Mercury (d) Cooking Gas (e) Cell Phones
(a) Radium (b) Zinc (a) Television (b) Tube light (c) Refrigerator
under normal conditions? used in which of the following products?
6) Which of the following metals remain in liquid for 2) Production of chlorofluorocarbons (CFC) gas is
(c) mercury (d) potassium (e) magnesium (d) Mercury (e) Iron
(a) Sodium (b) barium (a) Lithium (b) Silver (c) Lead
5) What causes the green flame in fireworks? 1) Which of the following is the lightest metal?
Science
 Banking Bytes
Last month, we learnt about different types of banks which play an important
role in circulating money in the economy. We know that Banks are institutions
where people can save their money. Let us know the terms used in banks…

UNDER THE MICROSCOPE

A t some time all of you must have put money in a Piggy

bank and saved it for days or months or years to buy something
Term Deposits for people who are ready to save a small amount
every month. Normally, such deposits earn interest and are kept
later! In the same way, banks keep our money and let us use it for a certain period. However, the account holder can withdraw
whenever we want…So how do we save our money? the money if needed at any point of time.
SAVING means not spending your money straight away, but è FIXED DEPOSIT or FD is usually in large amounts and
putting it away so you can spend it later. Usually people put their is kept for a fixed period of time. There is an interest given to
savings in a bank account, to keep the money safe until they have the account holder and the money cannot be withdrawn before
enough to buy what they want. the end of the time period. If the accountholder withdraws the
BANK ACCOUNT is the record your bank keeps to know how money before the fixed time period, then there will be a penalty.
much money you have saved in the bank. It has your name on
it so the bank knows it is your money. You can put money into
TRANSACTION is something you do that changes the balance
of your account. This can be either a Deposit or Withdrawal
your account when you want to save, and take it out when you
from your account.
need it. You get a bank account number for each account that
you have with the bank. In India there are four main types of è DEPOSIT is when you put money IN to your bank account.
bank accounts: When you make a deposit, your account balance goes up.
è SAVINGS ACCOUNT are one of the most è WITHDRAWAL is when you take money OUT of your
popular deposits for individual accounts. These bank account. When you make a withdrawal, your account
accounts not only provide cheque facility but balance goes down.
also have lot of flexibility for deposits and
withdrawal of funds from the account. The INTEREST is what the bank pays you when you leave
banks offer interest to saving account holders. money in your account. It is like a reward for you not
spending your money. Here banks give your money
è CURRENT ACCOUNT are basically to people as loans or other borrowings and take an
meant for businessmen and are never interest from them. This is one way that banks make
used for the purpose of investment or money. In return for you keeping your money in your
savings. There are no limits for number of account where they can use it to lend, the bank will
transactions or the amount of transactions also pay you interest over time. So if you let your
in a day. Most of the current account are money stay there, it will actually grow into more
opened in the names of firm / company money. The more money you put in the bank and
accounts. No interest is paid by banks on the longer you leave it there, the more interest
these accounts.
you’ll get.
è RECURRING DEPOSIT, popularly
known as RD accounts are special kind of

August 2020
 Jai Hind!
If you’re passionate about
serving the motherland and
ready to defend its integrity to
the last brathe, trust me there
is no better profession for you
than joining the Indian Army…

T he recent Galwan Valley clash between the two

superpower nations - India and China has opened up
new opportunities for young cadets who would like to
serve their motherland. But mind you, this profession
is not for the faint hearted as at all-times it requires courage to
defend the nation from the internal and external aggression and
Career Growth
The Indian Army assures
both - personal and
professional growth at all stages of the career. Opportunities to excel
through various courses are abundant including opportunities to
enhance your educational qualification by availing two years paid
disorder. However, the job of a soldier doesn’t end here! In times study leave. The inherent adventure and extra-curricular activities in
of natural calamities, rescue operations, peacekeeping, etc. the the army ensure an all-round development essential in today’s world.
role of a soldier becomes even more vital as life and property is at The Art of War, Engineering, Administration, Medicine, Human
stake. In other words, getting into the Indian Army is one of the Resource Development and Management; the army teaches you all.
most honorable and respectable achievements
`50 for any Indian!
Apart from attractive pay and perks, the Indian Army offers oneself
Physical Requirements the best in lifestyle. Social interaction, clubs, sports facilities, medical
facilities and ample opportunities - the army has it all. In fact, you
are paid to lead a healthy life in a healthy environment in the army.
Facilities like subsidized housing, canteen facilities, group insurance
cover, free medical for self and family, loans for house or vehicle,
are the perks of the army which no
other organization can provide.

A soldier can be posted in high mountains of Ladakh or icy

The Ultimate Glory
Besides the perks and the respect
heights of Siachen Glacier or in the dense jungles of North-east
of a career in the army, it is the
or in hot deserts of Rajasthan. Therefore a candidate for the post
honour of donning the uniform
of a soldier in the Indian Army should have a robust physique
to protect your country that brings
and good mental health. He/she should have normal hearing
about eternal fulfilment. Whether it is an Officer Cadet, Lieutenant,
and perfect vision. He/she should not have any major disease or
Captain, Major, General or Field Marshal – each person in the
shortcomings. So to say, a candidate applying for the post of a
army is an invaluable asset to the nation. An epitome of unflinching
soldier should not have any deformity and should be 100% percent
courage and dedication to the cause of protecting the country against
fit – physically and mentally.
all odds, pursuing a career in the army is the ultimate tribute a
Eligibility person can pay towards the motherland!
To become a soldier you can apply after class X or XII. You
can apply for the post of a Soldier GD, SKT/Clerk or Soldier
Technical which is the basic entry-level position. However there Institutes offering courses
are more options for candidates who have completed their 12th Rashtriya Indian Military College, Dehradun, Uttarakhand
stream in Science. Candidates, who are planning to apply for
Soldier Technical, must have Math in class 12th, while candidates College of Military Engineering, Pimpri-Chinchwad, Pune
applying for Soldier Clerk must have Math and English in class Amity Indian Military College, Gwaliar, Haryana
12th. However, eligibility criteria increases for higher posts in the Indian Military Academy, Dehradun, Uttarakhand
Indian Army.

August 2020
 UNDER THE MICROSCOPE
According to Norse mythology,
who is Thor?
• God of Thunder • God of Rain
• God of Fire
What is the Bengali film industry
known as?
• Bollywood • Tollywood
• Kollywood
What is the maximum height that
is allowed for the Ganesha idols
this year?
• 4 feet • 5 feet • 6 feet
Which nuclear powered vessel is NITIN JAGAVKAR
being developed for the Guardian School, Dombivli
Indian navy?
• INS Viraat • INS Vishal
• INS Vikram
Which river is the root cause for
flooding in Assam?
• Indus • Narmada • Brahmaputra
Which game does Diksha
Dagar play?
• Golf • Tennis • Snooker SAMANNAZ VAID
Which fish is known as ‘Wolf of Pawar Public School, Chandivali
the Water’?
• Shark • Piranha • Whale
Which comet produces the Per-
seids meteor showers?
• Shoemaker Levy • Tempel Tuttle
• Swift Tuttle
Which business of Ford company
did Ratan Tata acquire?
• Jaguar-Land Rover • Jaguar-Endeavour
• Ecosport-Land Rover
Where are the components of
blood made?
• Spleen • Bone Marrow
• Gall Bladder
What is produced by the body to HARINA UTWANI
kill germs that enter it? Birla School, Kalyan
• Antibiotics • Antimines
• Antibodies

August 2020
 The QWERTY keyboard was
designed to slow you down, but the
Dvorak simplified keyboard allows
your typing speed to increase!

Australia’s first police force was

formed from the country’s best-
behaved convicts!

On September 21,
2019, nine-year-old
Kade Lovell of St.
Cloud, Minnesota Cats can’t taste sweetness!
took a wrong turn
during the St. Francis
Franny Flyer 5000 run
and won first place in
the 10000 instead! `50

The leg bones of bats are so delicate that

only two species - the Burrowing Bat and the
Vampire bat are able to walk! In the UK, attaching a postage stamp
to an envelope upside-down is illegal!

In the middle ages, Black

Despite being born without Pepper was such an
arms, Jessica Fox of expensive luxury, it was
Tucson, Arizona became sometimes used to pay rent
the world’s first licensed and taxes!
armless pilot in 2008!

August 2020
 Majestic
MONSOON Best
The parched land calls out for the downpour,
Speaker
To quench its thirst and pacify the soul of the earth,
And soon the hue of the skies turn out to be hoar, Akshat Jain of Bunts
Which foresees the filling of rivers and seas Sangha’s S.M.Shetty High
School & Junior College,
UNDER THE MICROSCOPE
reducing water’s dearth.
The droplets of water meet the sand, Powai has made his school
Ensued by the gratifying smell of the petrichor, proud by being selected as
Lush green plants envelope the land, one of the best speakers
Filling the pluviophiles with rapture in galore. at the State Level and
Gulmohar, jasmine and lilies bloom, qualifying for the Zonal level. This Contest
Ah, how majestic is the season of monsoon! was organised by Campus Care-entab for
KHUSHI RATHOD students across various schools of India.
A Std. X student, Akshat was selected for

A
S V D D School, Ghatkopar (E)
his speech and articulate opinion and

Friend
understanding on the topic, Augmented
Reality: The Future of Education.
A friend is a friend
Not a fashion or a trend to flaunt,
Teaches us all about life
A great relation to be treasured…
A friend makes life worth living,
A friend is a light to the dark place
A friend is a vision to a blind eye
A friend is a miracle of God
A friend is like a sea that stretches into infinity!!!
FAIZA KHALIL
Fr. Agnel Multipurpose School, Vashi

Today And
TOMORROW
A virus is spreading
It has kept us all in fear
The Different The world is crazy

WORLD
As everyone is lazy.
But if we wash our hands
The birds are yawning,
It won’t come any near.
The people are sleeping.
If we stay away
I call this world
From each other today
The different world,
Tomorrow we can meet each other
As the sounds are crazy, very lazy.
In a much happier way.
The whole world is differen,
Today if we mock about it
But nobody cares, nobody dares.
Tomorrow it might be our turn
The different world is terrific.
If we won’t face it now,
It turns my dreams terrific.
It will make us all panic and run.
If you go & live in it,
Today if we listen to others
You’ll also turn terrific!
Tomorrow somebody will be there for us
The Different World is Terrific.
Today if we don’t help each other
Tomorrow it would be only ‘me’ and not ‘us’. ANANYA JOSHI
New Horizon Scholars School, Thane
ANSUIA KAUL
DAV Public School, Thane

August 2020
 SPORTS STAR
Diksha Dagar Croquet
Born deaf, 18-year-old Croquet is a lawn game, played both as
golfer Diksha Dagar a pastime and as a competitive sport. It
wrote her own piece of involves hitting wooden or plastic balls
history as she became the with a mallet through hoops fixed into the
youngest Indian woman to win grass playing court. Croquet became highly
on the famed Ladies European popular as a social pastime in England
Tour (LET) on March 16, during the 1860s.
2019. Left-hander Diksha By 1867, John Jaques, manufacturer of
is popularly known for her croquet equipment, had printed 65,000
brand of aggressive and fearless copies of his Laws and Regulations of the
golf. While playing at India’s game. It quickly spread to other countries
biggest women’s pro event, the Hero KNOW THE GAME
such as Australia,
Women’s Indian Open in 2016, Canada, New
Diksha, making her first appearance, Zealand, South
finished as the top amateur. She Africa and the United
clinched the silver for India at the States. No doubt one
Deaflympics in Turkey in 2017. of the attractions was
Having been an amateur, Diksha that the game
won a Women’s Golf Association of could be played
India pro event. She also represented India at the Queen by both male
Sirikit Cup event to go on to win the Singapore Open in and female.
2018. With the Olympics still some distance away, who
knows Diksha could be notching another title at Tokyo?
FLASH NEWS
SPORTS INJURY

Tennis Elbow

in Dubai?
Tennis elbow is an overuse injury that may be associated with
playing racket sports or for that matter
`50 any other sports. Sachin Tendulkar is a
classic example of having this injury. Tennis elbow involves swelling of the muscles
on the outside of the elbow caused by small tears. Tennis elbow causes pain and
may be associated with a weak grip. Rest and medications can help ease tennis
elbow symptoms. Also wearing a special brace on the forearm may help decrease
pressure on the sore area. If the pain continues for some time immediately
consult your doctor.
If all goes well, the Board of Cricket Control
STADIUM STATS of India (BCCI) has planned to move the IPL
season to United Arab Emirates (UAE). Not
Wankhede Stadium only this, the Indian cricket board is also in
talks with the Emirates Cricket Board (ECB)
to explore possible 4-6 weeks camp for the
Indian cricketers to train in UAE. According
to sources, if all goes well with the plans, not
only the Indian cricketers will train in UAE,
they will also stay put in UAE to play IPL
2020. Once the league season ends, selected
Wankhede stadium, home to Mumbai Indians team and the Mumbai Ranji Indian cricket team will fly directly from
team, has seven stands named after Vijay Merchant, Sunil Gavaskar and Sachin Dubai for their Australia tour.
Tendulkar. Built in 1974, the stadium had a seating capacity of 45,000; but was
upgraded during the 2011 Cricket World Cup final with an additional seating
capacity of 33,482. One of the highlights of the stadium is the suspended Quote Unquote
cantilever Teflon roofs, which is not only lightweight, but also heat resistant. And
with no beam support for the roof, spectators can have a clear view. In addition, “The Sky has no limits.
the roof has exhaust fans which suck the hot air from the stands and allow the Neither should you.”
USAIN BOLT
breeze to flow in.

August 2020
 Amazing August for
Sports! This August, get ready for some scintillating sporting actions beginning with
England-Pakistan cricket series, catch La Liga championship, and non-stop
SummerSlam fight all through the week…

PAKISTAN TOUR OF ENGLAND

The Pakistan cricket team will take on England in three Tests and as many T20Is
UNDER THE MICROSCOPE
beginning August. The opening Test will be played at Old Trafford, Manchester,
from August 5-9, which will be followed by back-to-back Tests at the Ageas Bowl,
Southampton, from August 13-17 and August 21-25; with all the fixtures being
played behind closed doors due to the COVID-19 pandemic. The action will then
return to Manchester as Old Trafford will be the venue for three T20Is, which will
be played on August 28 and 30 and September 1. The Pakistan side has been in
Worcestershire since June 29 for their 14-day quarantine period during which they
are training, practicing and playing intra-side matches. On July 13, the side will
travel to Derbyshire before arriving in Manchester on August 1.

CARIBBEAN PREMIER LEAGUE

The 2020 edition of the Caribbean Premier League will take place
in Trinidad & Tobago between August 18 and September 10. The
CPL will have a full season and will feature overseas and Caribbean
players with the likes of Rashid Khan, Chris Lynn, Carlos Brathwaite,
Dwayne Bravo, Alex Hales and Kieron Pollard all set to take part in
the league. All teams and officials will be housed in one hotel and
everyone will be subject to strict quarantine protocols for the first two
weeks they are in the country. Everyone travelling from overseas will
be tested for COVID-19, before departure and then again on arrival
in Trinidad. The matches will be played behind closed doors with
COVID-19 guidelines in place for the teams and officials.

UEFA
The much-awaited UEFA Champions
League will resume on August 7, 2020,
(12:30 AM, August 8 in India) after it was
halted on March 11 due to the prevailing
COVID-19 situation. According to UEFA’s
official website, the 2019-20 UEFA
Champions League quarter-finals, semi- SummerSlam
finals and final will be played as a straight Week
knockout tournament in Lisbon (Portugal).
Czech Open Boston will host SummerSlam Week
All these ties will be single-leg fixtures. in August beginning with SmackDown
The International Table Tennis
UEFA informed that a decision is pending LIVE on Aug. 21, NXT TakeOver
Federation (ITTF) World Tour Czech
on whether the four remaining round of on Aug. 22, SummerSlam on Aug.
Open, scheduled for 25-30 August
16-second legs will take place at the home 23, and Monday Night Raw on Aug.
2020 in Olomouc, will not be staged
team’s stadium or in Portugal. UEFA said 24, over four consecutive nights
as a full open international event,
the date for the quarter-final and semi-final taking place at TD Garden. Apart
due to potential travel restrictions
draws will be communicated in due course. from this, WWE will host a series
and in accordance with the Executive
Committee decision. However the of activities during the SummerSlam
ITTF is in positive discussions with Week including autograph signings
the LOC (local organizing committee) and community outreach programs
regarding the possibility to jointly hold designed to leave a lasting impact
an alternative event for those who throughout the New England region.
can openly travel to Czech Republic. The organizers are thrilled to welcome
Following the emerging situation with Schedule the world to one of America’s great
the outbreak of COVID-19 in different 7-8 Aug: Round of 16 second legs
sports and entertainment cities, but
parts of the world the ITTF is closely 12-15 Aug: Quarter-finals
with caution given the corona virus still
monitoring all upcoming events. 18-19 Aug: Semi-finals
looming large.
23 August: Final