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Cardiac-Tamponade With Highlights

(1) Cardiac tamponade is caused by excessive fluid or blood accumulating in the pericardial sac surrounding the heart, increasing pressure and preventing the heart from properly expanding during filling. (2) This leads to less oxygenated blood circulating through the body, causing symptoms like chest pain, difficulty breathing, dizziness, and shock. (3) Diagnosis involves tests like chest X-ray, CT scan, MRI, and ECG, while treatment requires urgent drainage of the pericardial sac, either through pericardiocentesis or surgery.

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Kenneth Mark B. Teves
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64 views4 pages

Cardiac-Tamponade With Highlights

(1) Cardiac tamponade is caused by excessive fluid or blood accumulating in the pericardial sac surrounding the heart, increasing pressure and preventing the heart from properly expanding during filling. (2) This leads to less oxygenated blood circulating through the body, causing symptoms like chest pain, difficulty breathing, dizziness, and shock. (3) Diagnosis involves tests like chest X-ray, CT scan, MRI, and ECG, while treatment requires urgent drainage of the pericardial sac, either through pericardiocentesis or surgery.

Uploaded by

Kenneth Mark B. Teves
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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CARDIAC TAMPONADE

Bongits Amoyen, R.N.,MAN.


Predisposing Factors Precipitating Factor

Chest Gunshot & Advanced Lung Chest Pericarditis Aortic Aneurysm or


Stab Wound Cancer Injuries Rupture

There is excessive The metastasis of A lung or rib frac- It is the inflammation or Aortic aneurysm that pro-
bleeding that leaks advanced lung CA tures that bleed a infection of pericardial sac trudes to pericardium or
towards the peri- affecting the heart lot leaks to heart that presence of pus can pericardium cavity that
cardium or peri- with the accumu- pericardial sac & accumulate or has an once it ruptured blood and
cardial sac of the lation of CA cells. causing the heart effusion of excess blood & fluid increasingly effuse
heart. Pericardial sac is not to expand. fluid. or accumulates in the space
accumulated with of pericardium.
cancer cells.

The blood that is There is building There is increasing of pre- There is high pressures in
situated in the up pressures in the ssures in the pericardial the pericardium that
pericardium can pericardium that sac that affecting the heart’s affecting the heart to
increase the pre- can affect the abi- ability to expand. expand
ssures & a reason lity of the heart to
for inability of the expand or strecth. Bongits Amoyen, R.N.,MAN.

heart to expand.
That inability to expand properly is due to the compression from pericardium that is
filled with excess fluid or blood or the excess blood and fluid accumulates in
the pericardial sac increases pressure that compresses the heart.

Less expansion of heart (affected pumping) resulted to less filling of blood especially
oxygenated blood. The less amount of oxygenated blood that circulates in the
body is enough for the patient to experience clinical
manifestation such as:
Bongits Amoyen, R.N.,MAN.

Cardiac System There is lacking of oxygenated blood that- - - - -Chest pain, chest tightness,
flow in the heart and heart congestion. palpitations, low BP, chest
pain that radiates to neck,
shoulders or back, muffled
heart sounds.

Respiratory There is lacking of oxygenated blood that- - - - -Trouble breathing, dyspnea


System flow in the lungs and lung congestion. rapid breathing, gasping of
air
Central Nervous There is lacking of oxygenated blood that- - - - -Anxiety, restlessness, faintness,
System flow in the brain. dizziness, loss of consciousness.

Blood Circulation There is less blood volume, less oxygenated- - - - - -Shock, low BP, weaknesses,
and Strength blood and stagnation (congestion) of blood edema.
and fluid due to poor pumping of the heart.

Diagnostic Tests
Chest X-ray, CT-Scan, MRI, ECG

Bongits Amoyen, R.N.,MAN.

Cardiac Tamponade
(Serious Medical Condition & Requires Urgent Drainage)

Medical Management: Oxygen


Surgical Management: Pericardiocentesis, Pericardiectomy and Thoracotomy
Nursing Management: Ineffective Breathing Pattern, Impaired Tissue Perfusion, Pain, Anxiety, Fatigue,
Activity Intolerance.

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