Auxiliary unit for REG216/316*4 REX010/011

for 100% stator and rotor earth

1MRB520123-Ben
fault protection Page 1
Issued: March 2003
Changed since: June 2002

Data subject to change without notice

Features • Compact design • Auxiliary DC power supply from station bat-

tery from 36 to 312 V DC
• Perfectly matched for the REG216/
REG316*4 • Applicable for all commonly used earthing-
and excitation-systems for generators
• Provides protection of the whole stator
winding including the neutral point • Continuous supervision of the insulation
resistance and calculation of the earth fault
• Continuous supervision of the injection
resistance
voltage and the primary earthing system
• The principle is based on the well-known
• Suitable for two separate earthing points
offset method, using injection of a low
within the protected zone
frequency signal
• Continuous self-supervision of the injection
• Suitable for updating existing plants
signal with respect to amplitude and fre-
quency • Insensitive to external disturbances

Application The unit is applied for the protection of gen- former REX011 are required. This injection
erators in block configuration for earth faults equipment can be applied to all common
on the generator side. For the implementation generator earthing- and excitation-systems.
of the 100% stator and rotor earth fault The protection is active during all states of
protection using a REG216/316*4, an injec- the machine, standstill as well as run-up and
tion unit REX010 and the injection trans- run-down.
ABB Switzerland Ltd Auxiliary unit for REG216/316*4 for 100% REX010/011
Utility Automation Systems
stator and rotor earth fault protection 1MRB520123-Ben
Page 2

Design General dent protection functions are applied: one for

The earth fault protection is based on the in- 95% and one, using a different algorithm, for
jection of a coded signal. The resulting offset 100% of the stator winding. The 100% func-
voltage is utilized to calculate the earth resis- tion is calculating the earth resistance and the
tance (Rf). 95% function is measuring the neutral voltage
displacement of the generator.
The injection signal is produced in the injec-
tion unit REX010 and applied to the genera- a) The 100% function protects 35% of the
tor through the transformer unit REX011. For stator windings from the neutral point
the coupling to the protected unit resistors for Rf = 0 and I0max = 15 A
(RE, RP) are used. For the rotor earth fault
protection two capacitors are required in b) The 95% function (U>) protects 95% of
addition. the generator stator winding from the
terminals. This results in an overlap
The measurement signals for earth fault pro- (redundancy) of the two protection func-
tection are processed by the REG216 or the tions as seen in Fig. 1.
REG316*4 respectively.
The 100% function increases in sensitivity
The equipment described protects 100% of with increasing earth fault resistance and
the generator stator winding. Two indepen- decreasing earth fault current.

Overlap

95% Stator earth fault protection

100% Stator earth fault
function Rf = 0Ω Rf > 0Ω

Winding
Neutral point Terminal
Running machine
Fig. 1

At standstill the full stator winding (100%) is

protected by the 100% function as seen in 100% Stator earth fault function
Fig. 2. At the same time the entire excitation
winding is protected for earth faults. Because
of the excellent rejection of external interfer-
ences, the REX010/011 can be applied to all
types of excitation systems including thyris-
tor type. Fig. 2

Hardware The protection equipment consists of the fol- - Voltage transformers

lowing units (Figures 4 – 8):
The injection unit (REX010) together with
the injection transformer (REX011) produces
REG216/316*4: Numerical generator protection three coded square wave signals (Uis, Uir,
REX010: Injection unit
Ui) with a frequency fN/4. These square wave
REX011: Injection transformer unit
signals are injected into the protected object
with auxiliary contactor
via the coupling components. The three
In addition the following components are square waves have different amplitudes: Uis
required: (Injection signal for the stator), Uir (Injection
signal for the rotor) and Ui (reference signal
- Earthing resistors in the generator neu- for the REG216/316*4). The injection unit
tral point (REs, RPs) and in the excita- REX010 is connected to the station battery
tion circuit (REr, RPr) and the injection signal voltage is generated
- Coupling capacitors in the excitation either by the battery or by an internal DC/DC
circuit of the rotor converter.
ABB Switzerland Ltd Auxiliary unit for REG216/316*4 for 100% REX010/011
Utility Automation Systems
stator and rotor earth fault protection 1MRB520123-Ben
Page 3

The coding is achieved by alternating the type P8. In the case that the earth fault current
transmission of the square wave with a quies- exceeds 5 A the contactor will open the input
cent period, as seen in Fig. 3. circuit to the injection unit to protect it
against high voltages during earth faults near
the generator terminals. The 95% function is
always active and will detect any earth faults.

The resistors RES, RPS are used to provide

high-resistance earthing of the generator
neutral point and for coupling the injection
signal to RPS as well as the measurement sig-
Fig. 3 nal to RES. A similar arrangement applies for
the generator rotor where coupling is made
The REG216/316*4 evaluates and compares with the resistors RER and RPR; however, two
the measured injected voltage with the refer- additional capacitors C1 and C2 are required.
ence voltage during the transmitting period.
In the quiescent period the evaluation of pos- There are three connection variants for the
sible interferences is active, ensuring the cor- stator and two for the rotor earth fault protec-
rect protection response. The injection trans- tion.
former REX011 is equipped with a contactor,

Software Three protection functions are available in the the protected zone by including the monitor-
REG216/316*4 library: ing of the generator circuit breaker status.
- 100% Stator earth fault The function is capable of measuring the ef-
protection Stator EFP fective value of RES and of the transformation
- Rotor earth fault protection Rotor EFP ratio of the voltage transformer while the ma-
- 95% Stator earth fault chine is at standstill. This allows optimizing
the function with the actual parameters of the
protection Overvoltage U>
protected machine.
During the transmitting period, the digital fil-
Alarm and trip levels are entered and read out
ter algorithms are calculating the instanta-
in kΩ.
neous earth fault resistance from the input
signal pairs Uis, Ui and Uir, Ui respectively. Settings:
Alarm level 100 Ω to 20 kΩ
During the quiescent period the filtered sig-
Delay 0.2 s to 60s
nals Uis and Uir are examined for interfer-
Trip level 100 Ω to 20 kΩ
ence from the protected object or the
Delay 0.2 s to 60 s
connected network. This examination is used
RES 250 Ω to 5 kΩ
to validate the previous calculation of the
earth fault resistance. Number of neutral points 2
RES-2. neutral point 900 Ω to 30 kΩ
The reference signal Ui is continuously Reset ratio 110% (with
supervised with respect to amplitude and fre- settings of <10 kΩ)
quency. This ensures that the injection signal 120% (with
is correct and that it has the correct frequency. settings of >10 kΩ)
Accuracy 100 Ω to 10 kΩ:
The primary earth connection of the protected
<±10%
machine is checked through evaluation of the
0 to 100 Ω, 10 kΩ
capacitive component of the earth fault cur-
to 20 kΩ: <±20%
rent during the transmitting period.
Operating time 1.5 s
100% Stator earth fault protection function
Machine and system parameters:
This function consists of an alarm level and a
- Max. earth fault
trip level with corresponding signalling and
current l0 <20 A (recom-
tripping outputs.
mended l0 ≤5 A)
It is possible to compensate for a second - Stator earth
high-resistance earth to neutral point within capacitance 0.5 µF to 6 µF
ABB Switzerland Ltd Auxiliary unit for REG216/316*4 for 100% REX010/011
Utility Automation Systems
stator and rotor earth fault protection 1MRB520123-Ben
Page 4

Software (cont’d) - Stator earth REr 900 Ω to 5 kΩ

resistance RPS 75 Ω to 500 Ω Coupling capacitance 2 µF to 10µF
- Stator earth 250 Ω to 5 kΩ Reset ratio 110% (with
- resistance RES (≥4.5* RPS) settings of <10 kΩ)
120% (with
- RPS // RES >70 Ω settings of >10 kΩ)
The effective earth resistances RES, RPS and Accuracy 100 Ω to 10 kΩ:
the transformation ratio of the voltage trans- <±10%
former must be calculated in accordance with 0 to 100 Ω,
the operating instructions. 10 kΩ to 25 kΩ:
<±20%
Further details about settings of the various Operating time 1.5 s
functions can be obtained from the REG216/
316*4 data sheet. Machine and system parameters:
- Rotor earth
Rotor earth fault protection capacitance 200 nF to 1 µF
This function incorporates an alarm as well as - Rotor earth
a trip level with separate tripping and signal- resistance RPr 100 Ω to 500 Ω
ling outputs. - Rotor earth
resistance REr 900 Ω to 5 kΩ
The function allows the measurement of the - Coupling
actual coupling capacitance while the ma- capacitance 4 µF to 10 µF
chine is standing still. This measurement per- - Time constant T = REr x C
mits optimum settings with respect to the pro- = 3 to 10 ms
tected machine.
The effective earth resistances REr and RPr
Alarm and trip levels are entered and read out must be calculated in accordance with the
in kΩ. operating instructions.

Settings: Further details about settings of the various

Alarm level 100 Ω to 25 kΩ functions can be obtained from the REG216/
Delay 0.2 s to 60 s 316*4 data sheet.
Trip level 100 Ω to 25 kΩ
Delay 0.2 s to 60 s

Technical data REX010 Injection unit

The injection unit REX010 is contained in a REG316*4 housing, therefore the specifications of
the design details and the general data of the REG316*4 are applicable.

Supply voltage range: 36 to 312 V DC

Power consumption <180 VA
Optocoupler inputs: 18 to 312 V DC (refer to table below)
Connection terminals: HDFK (type Phoenix) 4 mm2
Control and signalling devices:
green LED on: Device ready
red LED on: Overload
yellow LED on: No injection
ENABLE switch: Injection on
DISABLE switch: Injection off
RESET push button: Reset after interruption of injection
Optocoupler input: Interruption of injection, reset after interruption of
injection
ABB Switzerland Ltd Auxiliary unit for REG216/316*4 for 100% REX010/011
Utility Automation Systems
stator and rotor earth fault protection 1MRB520123-Ben
Page 5

REX011 Injection transformer

Type of auxiliary transformer WU30Z
Primary voltage 2 x 110 V
Secondary voltage
REX011 110 V / 50 V Terminals UK5 (Phoenix) 5 mm2
REX011-1 4 x 0.86 V / 50 V Terminals UHV50 (Phoenix) 50 mm2
REX011-2 4 x 6.4 V / 50 V Terminals UHV50 (Phoenix) 50 mm2
Auxiliary contactor P8nax (8 normally open contacts)
HV test 2.5 kV common mode
Dimensions
REX011 Mounting surface, 180 x 290 mm and 245 mm high
REX011-1, -2 Mounting surface, 180 x 290 mm and 275 mm high

Diagrams

Fig. 4 Stator earth fault protection, star point Fig. 5 Stator earth fault protection with earthing
transformer on generator terminals

Fig. 6 Stator earth fault protection with Fig. 7 Single pole rotor connection earthing with
earthing transformer on star point resistors
ABB Switzerland Ltd Auxiliary unit for REG216/316*4 for 100% REX010/011
Utility Automation Systems
stator and rotor earth fault protection 1MRB520123-Ben
Page 6

Diagrams (cont’d)

Fig. 8 Two pole rotor connection Fig. 9 Connection diagram REX010/REX011

Dimensions All dimensions in mm

Front view Rear view

Fig. 10 REX010 T = Input and output voltages cross-section = 4 mm2

H = Auxiliary supply

Front view Panel cutout

Fig. 11 REX010
ABB Switzerland Ltd Auxiliary unit for REG216/316*4 for 100% REX010/011
Utility Automation Systems
stator and rotor earth fault protection 1MRB520123-Ben
Page 7

Fig. 12 Dimensions REX011, -1, -2

Ordering Order codes for REX010/REX011

REX011 Injection transformer unit

REX011 HESG 323888 M1 Starpoint earthing with resistors Fig. 4

REX011-1 R’Ps >8 mΩ HESG 323888 M11 Starpoint earthing with earthing transformer Fig. 6
REX011-1 R’Ps >32 mΩ HESG 323888 M12 Starpoint earthing with earthing transformer Fig. 6
REX011-1 R’Ps >128 mΩ HESG 323888 M13 Starpoint earthing with earthing transformer Fig. 6
REX011-2 R’Ps >0.45 Ω HESG 323888 M21 Earthing transformer on generator terminals Fig. 5
REX011-2 R’Ps >1.8 Ω HESG 323888 M22 Earthing transformer on generator terminals Fig. 5
REX011-2 R’Ps >7.2 Ω HESG 323888 M23 Earthing transformer on generator terminals Fig. 5
If R’Ps is not yet known when ordering, please order M11 resp. M21. The version required later may be
rewired.

REX010 Injection unit

Function Value Code
Battery voltage 36 to 312 V DC U0
Frequency 50 Hz F5
60 Hz F6
Optocoupler voltage 82 to 312 V DC I3
36 to 75 V DC I4
18 to 36 V DC I5

Order-No. HESG324426M0001 + Code

REX010 offers two options according to the available battery voltage.
ABB Switzerland Ltd Auxiliary unit for REG216/316*4 for 100% REX010/011
Utility Automation Systems
stator and rotor earth fault protection 1MRB520123-Ben
Page 8

Ordering (cont’d) Ordering example

Generator with the earthing transformer at the The associated earthing resistors as well as
neutral point (R’Ps >32 mΩ), system fre- the coupling capacitors 2*2 µF (Leclanche
quency 50 Hz, battery voltage 110 V DC, MIH 800-2) for the rotor earth fault protec-
which is also used for optocoupler inputs. tion may be ordered through ABB Switzer-
land Ltd.
Order description:
1 REX010 - HESG324426M0001 The associated protection package/system
Code U0/ F5 /13 REG216/REG316*4 must be ordered sepa-
1 REX011- HESG323888M12 rately, according to the appropriate Data
Sheet.

References REG 316*4 Data Sheet 1MRK502004-Ben

REG316*4 Operating Instructions (printed) 1MRB520049-Uen
REG316*4 Operating Instructions (CD) 1MRB260030M0001
REG216 Data Sheet 1MRB520004-Ben
REG216 Operating Instructions (printed) 1MRU02005-EN
REG216 Operating Instructions (CD) 1MRB260030M0001

ABB Switzerland Ltd

Utility Automation Systems
Brown-Boveri-Strasse 6
CH-5400 Baden/Switzerland
Tel. +41 58 585 77 44
Fax +41 58 585 55 77
E-mail: [email protected]

www.abb.com/substationautomation

Printed in Switzerland (0303-0000-0)