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Science 8: Lagonoy High School

1. Faults occur along boundaries between tectonic plates where the plates meet and move. When the plates suddenly slip past one another, it causes an earthquake. 2. Most earthquakes occur within the Pacific Ring of Fire, which circles the Pacific Ocean and includes countries like the Philippines, Japan, Chile, and the west coasts of North and South America. 3. The Philippines experiences frequent earthquakes due to several active faults that run through the country, such as the Marikina Valley Fault and Western Philippine Fault.

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85 views3 pages

Science 8: Lagonoy High School

1. Faults occur along boundaries between tectonic plates where the plates meet and move. When the plates suddenly slip past one another, it causes an earthquake. 2. Most earthquakes occur within the Pacific Ring of Fire, which circles the Pacific Ocean and includes countries like the Philippines, Japan, Chile, and the west coasts of North and South America. 3. The Philippines experiences frequent earthquakes due to several active faults that run through the country, such as the Marikina Valley Fault and Western Philippine Fault.

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John Mark Prestoza
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RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN FAULTS AND EARTHQUAKES

LAGONOY HIGH SCHOOL EARTHQUAKE is a sudden shaking of the ground that we feel when
SCIENCE 8 rock layers suddenly slip past one another to a new position. The fracture in
Name:_______________________________________________________ Section: TALISAY the surface of the crust where the two blocks of rocks slip is called FAULT

QUARTER 2 – MODULE 2 CLASSIFICATION OF FAULT

1. ACTIVE FAULT Are areas along which all shallow earthquakes occur.
EARTHQUAKE AND FAULT These zones are believed to have exhibited evidence of strong and
The best analogy to explain the cause of an earthquake is the snap of frequent earthquakes in the past thousands of years, and they are
the fingers. The first thing to do is to push the fingers together. Push them likely to exhibit movements in the future. Most common at the
hard enough to overcome the friction which keeps the fingers together, and boundaries of tectonic plates.
eventually the fingers will move.as they move, energy is released in the form
of sound waves travelling through the air from your fingers to your ears; 2. INACTIVE FAULT Are areas which had not displayed any seismic
then you will hear sound of the snap. activity for more than thousands of years. However, due to the
intricacy of earthquake activity, these faults may trigger bigger
Scientists have been observing earth’s crust for thousands of years, quakes which were already proven by geologist .Consider what
and they believed that it moves in an extremely, slow process. happened to a fault in Sierra Nevada, which was believed to have
been inactive for three million years ago. It turned out that the said
Several scientific theories support the explanation to the movement of
fault was actually capable of producing earthquakes of strong
the crust and one of them is the Plate Tectonic Theory which described the
magnitude.
forces within earth. The aforementioned theory states that the Lithosphere is
divided into seven relatively large tectonic plates, Namely African,
TYPES OF FAULTS
European, Indian, Australian, Antarctic, Pacific, North America, and
south American Plates. Which are believed to be the existing seven
1. DIP-SLIP FAULT /NORMAL FAULT
continents? Each Plate Float on top of Asthenosphere .Each plates has
It is a fracture along which the footwall moves up and the hanging
edges called PLATE BOUNDARIES.
wall on the other side moves down. Normal Faulting is due to tension
Asthenosphere - is a region of the upper mantle which lies beneath forces or pulling apart of the rocks, which moves the crust vertically
the Lithosphere. And it is believed to be involved in the movement of plate apart.
tectonics, Plate boundaries are the boundary regions between tectonic
plates that undergo some large- scale motions. These movements involve
rubbing together, pulling apart ,or bumping of plates consequently
,mountain formation ,volcanic activities
WHERE AN EARTHQUAKE GENERALLY OCCUR

Over thousands of earthquakes occur around the world daily. Based


on the records of GEOLOGIST, most of the earthquakes generally occur
within the minimum magnitude, aking them too weak and less likely to be
experienced by people. but there are some areas where earthquakes are felt
more often. These places are located in what is called EARTHQUAKE BELT.
Some countries bordering the Pacific ocean it includes the following…

*Philippines *Japan *China

*Canada *New Zealand *North and South America

*Chile *Indonesia Russia


2. REVERSE/THRUST FAULT It is a break in earth’s crust which is
commonly formed in the regions where the strong compressional *Mexico *Antarctica
forces push the rocks together moving the crust vertically apart. This
time, the hanging wall moves up while the footwall moves down.
These places are therefore included in the Circum-Pacific Belt commonly
3. STRIKE-SLIP FAULT/TRANSFORM FAULT It is special class of the
known as PACIFIC RING OF FIRE. The pacific ring of fire is an area where
strike slip faults formed between two different plates due to horizontal
75% of the world’s dormant and Active Volcanoes are found.
forces moving the layers of rocks parallel to the fault line. the blocks
of rock on one side of the fault slide past the other. The Philippines is not exempted from experiencing strong earthquakes due
to the several fault lines within the vicinity of the coutry,

ACTIVE FAULTS IN THE PHILIPPINES

1. MARIKINA VALLEY FAULT (Montalban,San Mateo, Marikina, Pasig,


Taguig, Muntinlupa, San pedro, Biñan, Carmona, Santa Rosa,
Calamba, Tagaytay, Oriental Mindoro).
2. WESTERN PHILIPPINE FAULT (Luzon Sea, Mindoro Strait, Panay
Gulf, Sulu Sea).
3. EASTERN PHILIPPINE FAULT ( Philippine Sea).
4. SOUTHERN MINDANAO FAULT (Moro Gulf, Celebes Sea).
5. CENTRAL PHILIPPINE FAULT (Intire Ilocos Norte, Aurora,Quezon,
Masbate, Eastern Leyte, Agusan Del Norte, Agusan Del Sur, Davao
De4l Norte).
LAGONOY HIGH SCHOOL
SCIENCE 8
Name:_______________________________________________ Section: TALISAY

QUARTER 2 – MODULE 2

ASSESSMENT

Identify the following.

1. _________________________ Where an earthquake generally occur


2. _________________________ It is a type of Fault where the footwall
moves up and the hanging wall on the other side moves down.
3. _________________________Sudden shaking of the ground.
4. _________________________Which country is not belonging to the
Pacific Ring of Fire. Russia, Vietnam, New Zealand, Mexico.
5. _________________________It is a break in earth’s crust which is
commonly formed in the regions where the strong compressional
forces push the rocks together moving the crust vertically apart

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