Nama : Irid Alpala
Nim : 11920212146
Tugas : Bahasa inggris
Dosen Pengampu : Darul Kholis,M.P.d
Language Focus 1 : Active and Passive Sentences Review
Read each sentence below aloud and indentify which is Active (A) and Passive (P)
1. ( A ) The Quran contains many references to astronomy
2. ( P ) “And it is He who created the night and the day and the sun and the moon;all
[heavenly bodies] in an orbit are swimming.” [Noble Quran 21:33]
3. ( P ) Muslim scholars paid great attention to geography.
4. ( A ) The Quran encourages people to travel throughout the earth to see God's signs and
patterns everywhere. Islam also requires each Muslim to have at least enough knowledge
of geography to know the direction of the Qiblah.
5. ( A ) Among the most famous names in the field of geography, even in the West, are bn
Khaldun and Ibn Batuta, renowned for their written accounts of their extensive
explorations.
6. ( P ) Seeking knowledge is obligatory in Islam for every Muslim, man and woman.
7. ( A ) The main sources of Islam, the Quran and the Sunnah (Prophet Muhammad's
traditions), encourage Muslims to seek knowledge
8. ( P ) Muslims have always been eager to seek knowledge both religious and secular, and
within a few years of Muhammad's mission, a great civilization sprang up and flourished.
9. ( A ) The outcome is shown in the spread of Islamic universities Al-Zaytunah in Tunis,
and Al- Azhar in Cairo go back more than 1,000 years and are the oldest existing
universities in the world.
10. ( A ) These universities were the models for the first European universities, such as
Bologna, Heidelberg, and the Sorbonne. Even the familiar academic cap and gown
originated at Al-Azhar University.
11. ( A ) Muslims made great advances in many different fields, such as geography, physics,
chemistry, mathematics, medicine, pharmacology. architecture, linguistics and
astronomy.
12. ( P ) Algebra and the Arabic numerals were introduced to the worid by Muslim scholars.
13. ( A ) The astrolabe, the quadrant, and other navigational devices and maps were
developed by Muslim scholars and played an important role in world progress, most
notably in Europe's age of exploration.
14. ( P ) Muslim scholars studied the ancient civilizations from Greece and Rome to China
and India.
15. ( A ) The works of Aristotle, Ptolemy, Euclid and others were translated into Arabic.
Muslim scholars and scientists then added their own creative ideas, discoveries and
inventions, and finally transmitted this new knowledge to Europe, leading directly to the
Renaissance.
16. ( P ) Many scientific and medical treatises, having been translated into Latin, were
standard text and reference books as late as the 17th and 18th centuries.
17. ( A ) Muslim mathematicians excelled in geometry, as can be seen in their graphic arts,
and it was the great Al-Biruni (who excelled also in the fields of natural history, even
geology and mineralogy) who established trigonometry as a distinct branch of
mathematics.
18. ( P ) Other Muslim mathematicians made significant progress in number theory.
19. ( A ) It is interesting to note that Islam so strongly urges mankind to study and explore
the universe. For example, the Noble Quran states "We (Allah) will show you (mankind)
our signs/patterns in the horizons/ universe and in yourselves until you are convinced that
the revelation is the truth"[Noble Quran 41:53]
20. ( P ) The Muslims invented the symbol for zero (The word "cipher" comes from Arabic
sifr), and they organized the numbers into the decimal system - base 10.
21. ( A ) The first great Muslim mathematician, Al-Khawarizmi, invented the subject of
algebra (al-Jabr), which was further developed by others, most notably Umar Khayyam.
Al-Khawarizmi's work, in Latin translation, brought the Arabic numerals along with the
mathematics to Europe, through Spain. The word "algorithm is derived from his name.
