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TEACHER-MADE LEARNER’S HOME TASK

Name: ____________________________________ Duration: One Week

Subject: PRE-CALCULUS Level: Beginner Schedule: Week One

Learning Competency:

1. Illustrate the Different Types of Conic Sections

Definition:
In mathematics, a conic section is a curve obtained as the intersection of the surface of a
cone with a plane. The three types of conic section are the hyperbola, the parabola, and the ellipse;
the circle is a special case of the ellipse, though historically it was sometimes called a fourth type.

Let us together understand better the different types of Conic Sections.

Watch a power point via the link below:
https://www.slideshare.net/reycastro1/introduction-to-conic-sections

The line through a focus of a conic perpendicular to its directrix is called the principal axis of the
conic, and the points of intersection of the conic and its principal axis are called the vertices of the
conic.

Key Points
 A conic section (or simply conic) is a curve obtained as the intersection of the surface of a
cone with a plane; the three types are parabolas, ellipses, and hyperbolas.
 A conic section can be graphed on a coordinate plane.
 Every conic section has certain features, including at least one focus and directrix.
Parabolas have one fucus and directrix, while ellipses and hyperbolas have two of each.

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Key Terms
 vertex: An extreme point on a conic section.
 asymptote: A straight line which a curve approaches arbitrarily closely as it goes to infinity.
 locus: The set of all points whose coordinates satisfy a given equation or condition.
 focus: A point used to construct and define a conic section, at which rays reflected from the
curve converge foci “fo-sigh”, plural of focus.
 nappe: One half of a double cone.
 conic section: Any curve formed by the intersection of a plane with a cone of two napes.
 directrix: A line used to construct and define a conic section; a parabola has one directrix,
ellipses and hyperbolas have two (plural: directrices).
A cone and conic sections: The nappes and the four conic sections. Each conic is determined
by the angle the plane makes with the axis of the cone.
Common Parts of Conic Sections
While each type of conic section looks quite different, they have some features in common. For
example, each type has at least one focus and directrix.
A focus is a point about which the conic section is constructed. In other words, it is a point about
which rays reflected from the curve converge. A parabola has one focus about which the shape is
constructed; an ellipse and hyperbola have two.
A directrix is a line used to construct and define a conic section. The distance of a directrix from a
point on the conic section has a constant ratio to the distance from that point to the focus. As with
the focus, a parabola has one directrix, while ellipses and hyperbolas have two.
These properties that the conic sections share is often presented as the following definition, which
will be developed further in the following section. A conic section is the locus of points
[latex]P[/latex] whose distance to the focus is a constant multiple of the distance from
[latex]P[/latex] to the directrix of the conic. These distances are displayed as orange lines for each
conic section in the following diagram.

Each type of conic section is described in greater detail below.

Parabola
A parabola is the set of all points whose distance from a fixed point, called the focus, is equal to the
distance from a fixed line, called the directrix. The point halfway between the focus and the directrix
is called the vertex of the parabola.
In the next figure, four parabolas are graphed as they appear on the coordinate plane. They may
open up, down, to the left, or to the right.

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Ellipses
An ellipse is the set of all points for which the sum of the distances from two fixed points (the foci) is
constant. In the case of an ellipse, there are two foci, and two directrices.
In the next figure, a typical ellipse is graphed as it appears on the coordinate plane.

Ellipse: The sum of the distances from any point on the ellipse to the foci is constant.
Hyperbola

A hyperbola is the set of all points where the difference between their distances from two fixed
points (the foci) is constant. In the case of a hyperbola, there are two foci and two directrices.
Hyperbolas also have two asymptotes.

A graph of a typical hyperbola appears in the figure below:.

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Hyperbola: The difference of the distances from any point on the ellipse to the foci is constant. The
transverse axis is also called the major axis, and the conjugate axis is also called the minor axis.

Let us go deeper in our discussion on the illustration of conic section.

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Practice Test
Single Choice:
Direction: Choose the only one answer among the givens below each statement.
1. A slice through a cone parallel to an edge of the cone is:
A. A circle B. An ellipse
C. A parabola D. A hyperbola
2. A slice through a cone at a slight angle is:
A. A circle B. An ellipse
C. A parabola C. A hyperbola
3. A slice through a cone at a steep angle is:
A. A circle B. An ellipse
C. A parabola C. A hyperbola
4. A slice straight through a cone parallel to its base is:
A. A circle B. An ellipse
C. A parabola C. A hyperbola
5. The eccentricity of a conic section is 1.5. The conic section must be
A. A circle B. An ellipse
C. A parabola C. A hyperbola
6. The eccentricity of a conic section is 0.4. The conic section must be
A. A circle B. An ellipse
C. A parabola C. A hyperbola
7. The eccentricity of a conic section is 0. The conic section must be:
A. A circle B. An ellipse
C. A parabola C. A hyperbola
8. The eccentricity of a conic section is 1. The conic section must be:
A. A circle B. An ellipse
C. A parabola C. A hyperbola
9. The length of the Latus Rectum of an ellipse is equal to:
A its diameter B. four times its focal length
2a2 2b2
C. b ,,,where a and b are one half of the D. a , where a and b are one half of the major and
major and minor diameters, respectively minor diameters, respectively

10. The length of the Latus Rectum of a parabola is equal to:

A. its diameter B. four times its focal length
2a2 2b2
C. b
, where a and b are one half of the D. a
where a and b are one half of the major and
major and minor diameters, respectively minor diameters, respectively.

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 ANSWER KEY
ILLUSTRATE THE DIFFERENT TYPES OF CONIC SECTION

1. C
2. B
3. D
4. A
5. D
6. B
7. A
8. C
9. D
10. B

1. Illustration of question # 1
2. Illustration of question # 2

2. Illustration of question # 3 4. Illustration of question # 4.

5. Illustration of question #5
6. Illustration of question # 6
If the eccentricity is greater than
1, it must be a hyperbola. If the eccentricity is less than 1, it must be
an ellipse. (The ellipse can only be a circle
if the eccentricity is zero)

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7. Illustration of question # 7 8. Illustration of question # 8
If the eccentricity is zero, it must If the eccentricity is 1, it must be
be a circle. a parabola.

9. Illustration of question # 9 10. Illustration of question # 10

The correct answer for an ellipse is D.
The correct answer for a parabola is B.

Reference:
https://courses.lumenlearning.com/boundless-algebra/chapter/introduction-to-conic-sections/
https://www.mathsisfun.com/geometry/conic-sections.html

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