history of cctv , feb 03,2011 , security alpha card (resources)

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History of CCTV
CCTV was first utilized by the United States Military in the 1940s. Closed circuit cameras were set up during the testing of
the V2 missile in order to safely monitor the tests. By using CCTV, officials were able to monitor the testing at close range
without danger, watching out for defects and other problems that might have otherwise gone undetected.

In the 1960s, officials in the UK began installing CCTV systems in public places to monitor crowds during rallies and
appearances of public figures. Installation of cameras became more popular, both in public spaces and retail stores, as
the technology developed. Today in Britain, CCTV cameras monitor roads, sidewalks and squares in city centers, public
rail stations and buses, as well as in retail shops and other businesses. In 1996, government spending on CCTV
technology accounted for three quarters of the crime prevention budget in the UK.

In the United States, the first CCTV system set up in a public building was in 1969 in the New York City Municipal
building. This practice quickly spread to other cities and was soon widely implemented. Unlike the UK, CCTV in public
spaces in the United States is rarely used. However, in the 1970s and 80s, CCTV use became more common in
establishments prone to security threats, like banks, convenience stores, and gas stations. Security cameras were
installed in the World Trade Center as a preventative after the terrorist attack in 1993. By the mid-90s, ATMs across the
country were commonly equipped with CCTV cameras, and many retail stores used CCTV to prevent theft.

Personal use of CCTV technology has become more widespread as the technology has become much easier to acquire.
Many utilize CCTV systems in their own homes to catch cheating spouses, or to monitor the care of their children in
"Nannycams."

You don't 'discover' a CCTV camera you invent one, the first was way back in the early1920's using a 'braun' tube as the
picture sensor. It's been a case of continuous development since.

Who discover cctv http://answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20110205000724AAZoSqh

Later ones using silicon sensors were invented as early as the late 1950's, but they had to wait for the digital revolution of
the 1970's and 80's before their use became widespread as it is today.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Closed-circ…
History 1942

Sign warning that premises are watched by CCTV cameras.The first CCTV system was installed by Siemens AG at Test
Stand VII in Peenemünde, Germany in 1942, for observing the launch of V2-rockets.[1] The noted German engineer
Walter Bruch was responsible for the design and installation of the system.[citation needed] CCTV recording systems are
still often used at modern launch sites to record the flight of the rockets, in order to find the possible causes of
malfunctions,[2][3]while larger rockets are often fitted with CCTV allowing pictures of stage separation to be transmitted
back to earth by radio link

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Having a CCTV camera installed in your residential and commercial areas is not a new thing. Times have changed and
these security surveillance has become more than a necessity today. These days the world is faced with many potential
hazards be it in your home or work place, everyone wants to prevent them. We want to safeguard our belongings and
loved ones in the best way possible; these security cameras are an ideal device to install.

The closed circuit television will do wonders in any place where you place them. These devices provide you with in hand
physical proof if any unfortunate thing were to happen. At the work place the buildings are having these models and
preventing thefts and causing intruders to be at bay. They reinforce a sense of uniformity among the staff and increase
interpersonal skills.

A closed-circuit television (CCTV) system works like a normal transmission procedure would; it has a mounted security
camera which captures every move within the radius and transmits it to a PC or a television screen. There are a bundle of
options in the market which will make your choice difficult. The first criteria is determine your needs carefully as the one
that suffices your needs is always the perfect choice.

Some of the basic features of CCTV cameras which every potential buyer should pay attention to are firstly the video
cameras zoom lens, this depends on the placement of the handheld camera and the area you want it to monitor. Secondly
the receiving equipment which device would you refer- a monitor or the television set for viewing. How far is the device
from the sender and the wireless option works best as it allows ease of use. Thirdly the picture quality, the color ones
have taken the market share as they produce better footage compared to the black and grainy ones.

The fourth one will be controls that will enhance the video rendered and keep intruders at bay. Not every day will you have
it sunny even when the weather conditions are deteriorating it should be possible to use controls such as focus,
magnification, brightness, contrast to get a clear monitoring. The fifth consideration is to cover the promiscuous moves of
any one eaves dropper even in no light. It should provide enlarged view of an image under the camera.

They are a perfect accessory for any interior in any home; they will allow you to be an edge above the rest. Having a dog
or a security man is not an ideal option to safeguard your family, the cost of labour is quite high in many countries. The
investment made in a security camera is one time any place big or small can incorporate them to reach great heights.

For further information on the various models of hidden cameras visit www.my-spycam.com; you will find all nanny cams
and wireless spy cams at an unbeatable price.

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Features&id=2686397

CCTV security cameras are cameras that take a motion picture and forward it to a central security board (usually a
computer) on a closed circuit, inaccessible by the public. CCTV cameras have been in use for several decades now, yet
the idea has not changed much since their introduction. The two significant changes are their availability and their
recording method. Most cameras today record the motion picture digitally, and the data is stored in digital form on a hard
drive or other media. With the raising popularity of such surveillance equipment, their price has been falling steadily,
making them available for small business owners as well as citizens who want to protect their home and family. This
article is written for people who do not yet have experience and knowledge about security cameras.
Let's talk about the main features of CCTV security cameras.

Wireless vs. wired

Wireless cameras use radio signals to transmit the picture to the main security board, and usually have their own built-in,
rechargeable power supply. They are easy to move, and can be installed discreetly in places where installment of a wired
camera would be unfeasible. Their price might be a bit higher than of wired cameras though, and a wireless camera's feed
can be easily 'hijacked' or even modified by an experienced hacker from a distance. You should only install wireless
cameras for short-term surveillance ( less than a year).

PZT
PZT stands for Panning, Zooming and Tilting. A PZT camera can be controlled by an employee, who can use it to follow a
suspicious person, or just scan a wider area. The pro is that a huge area can be surveyed by a single, well-placed PZT
camera. The con is that you need a person controlling it. Installing more static security cameras is a better solution, but is
more costly.

Dome cameras
Dome cameras are security cameras inside a small semi-transparent hemisphere. The basic idea is that people can't see
where the camera is pointed. It is more discreet and has a higher retentive efficiency.

Color cameras
Some security cameras record a color motion picture, which is useful when trying to identify a criminal. However in any
other cases it's pointless, and a color video takes up more storage space. Color cameras are good for not security related
uses, and cost more than black and white cameras.
Fake cameras
Fake cameras offer a very cheap alternative to real cameras. They are only useful for their retentive effect. I don't
recommend using fake cameras for two reasons: they are useless for surveillance and identification, and someone will
eventually find out that they are not real cameras. Fake cameras = fake security!

So these are the most common features of surveillance cameras in the market today. I hope after reading this article, you
will be much more confident in choosing the CCTV security cameras that fit your needs.

This article was written by Márton Hajnal, the author of the CCTV Security Cameras hub. For more articles from this
author, please visit his profile at HubPages.

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We set out to determine how to bring CCTV to Harvard, only to find that Harvard alreadyuses CCTV systems. Officer
Steven G. Catalano of the Harvard University Police Depart-ment (HUPD) said that while he could not comment on
specific security practices, he coultell us that CCTV was in use all over the Harvard campus.16 Cameras are installed an
maintained by individual schools and departments in the university, not HUPD. HUPDhas access to the feeds from the
cameras, but only because the schools and departmentshave requested that they maintain that access. The only cameras
that HUPD has control over are the ones installed in their stations and garage. How useful are the CCTV cameras?
“We’ve had some instances where they’ve helped in ongoing investigations, or solving crimes,” says Catalano. “We go
back and look at tape and maybe we see a known offender on tape, or it helps us pinpoint a point in time.” He stresses
that CCTV is just one tool in an investigation, just as much as card-swipe access records in the case of a prank fire alarm.
Catalano stressed that security has many pieces: police, guards, access control, and CCTV cameras. The cameras in and
of themselves are not considered their own vehicle for security.

In the last two decades, London has become the most watched city in the world. CCTV cameras have helped to prevent
some crimes, but have aided in solving many more. Harvard stands to benefit from the implementation of a similar
system. Because Harvard already has CCTV systems in place, and because those existing systems are structured in
much the same manner as London’s much more extensive systems, Harvard could implement a London-style system
without having to first commit significant resources to development. There will, of course, be obstacles - most notably in
the public’s response to new systems. However, we believe that the benefits of such a system - both in crime control and
in general campus security - will outweigh the costs.

As we mentioned above, some studies of the London CCTV systems have suggested that part of the power of CCTV is in
the deterrent threat that it poses to criminals. This effect fades to nothing after about 12 months, however, and crime rates
return to their pre-CCTV levels.

One way to prolong the deterrent effect of CCTV would be to post signs declaring the presence of cameras, and then
change the format and color of those signs periodically, perhaps every two months. This would help prevent people from
becoming accustomed to the presence of the signs, and keep the threat in their minds.

Public backlash could actually augment the CCTV systems because it could ensure that the hype around CCTV continues
beyond the 12 month mark, since Harvard student groups seem to have the ability to stay angry about issues for
prolonged periods of time. Since it appears that the level of hype is what matters in CCTV’s effectiveness as a deterrent,
this would be very helpful.

Unfortunately, public backlash, even from a minority of community members, will still injure CCTV’s reputation and make it
more difficult for the community to accept use of the technology.