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Mr. Toradmal Agastirishi B. Asst. Professor - Department of Geography

This document discusses different types of weathering processes that break down rock material at Earth's surface. It describes mechanical weathering as breaking rocks into smaller pieces without chemical change through processes like thermal expansion, frost wedging, and biotic activity. Chemical weathering alters the chemical composition of rocks through oxidation, hydrolysis, carbonation, and dissolution. The key agents that cause chemical weathering are water, water vapor, plants and animals. Mass movement is also discussed, including rock falls, landslides, and talus slopes that transport weathered material downslope.

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Leon Fourone
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68 views46 pages

Mr. Toradmal Agastirishi B. Asst. Professor - Department of Geography

This document discusses different types of weathering processes that break down rock material at Earth's surface. It describes mechanical weathering as breaking rocks into smaller pieces without chemical change through processes like thermal expansion, frost wedging, and biotic activity. Chemical weathering alters the chemical composition of rocks through oxidation, hydrolysis, carbonation, and dissolution. The key agents that cause chemical weathering are water, water vapor, plants and animals. Mass movement is also discussed, including rock falls, landslides, and talus slopes that transport weathered material downslope.

Uploaded by

Leon Fourone
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Weathering

&
Mass Movement
Mr. Toradmal Agastirishi B.
Asst. Professor .
Department of Geography
Dada Patil Mahavidyalaya, Karjat, Dist.- Ahmednagar
weathering
 The process of weathering involves the breaking
up, and decaying of exposed rock
 It is static process.
 It is prepares the rocks for removal by other
agents of erosion.
 processes at or near Earth’s surface that cause
rocks and minerals to break down
Responsible elements for
Weathering-
 Intensity of insolation
 thermal expansion and contraction

 Rainfall

 Frost

 abrasion by wind and water

 Changes in the air of temperature

 Characteristics of rocks – Hardness,

Chemical composition, texture, joint influence,


vegetal cover, borrowing animals,
Types of weathering
 Weathering is carried out In three ways,
namely-
 Mechanical weathering
 Chemical weathering
 Biological weathering
Weathering
Mechanical Weathering -
processes that break a rock or
mineral into smaller pieces
without altering its composition

Chemical Weathering -
processes that change the
chemical composition of rocks
and minerals
Mechanical weathering
 Weathering which is disintegrates rocks
without changing their chemical composition
is known as mechanical weathering.
 Takes place when rock is split or broken into
smaller pieces of the same material without
changing its composition.
 It mainly carried out in arid areas & exposed
in summits areas.
 Carried out by changes in temperature by
freezing action of water and by rain.
 temperature changes
 Freezing action of water
 Rainfall
 Frost action
 Wetting and drying
 Action of plants and animals
 Loss of overlying rock and soil
Mechanical weathering
Mechanical weathering
Mechanical weathering
1) Block disintegration

 Granite temperature Increased by 65.6


degree it contrasts by 2.4 cm
 During Night the rocks are cooled due to
relatively decrease in temperature
 Repetition of expansion and contraction of
outer layer of the rocks causes tension and
stress and is disintegrated
Expansion and
Contraction of
the Rock

Block
Disintegration
2) Granular Disintegration
 Different Rocks Absorbs Different
Isolation.
 And Turned in to small Granular are
called as Granular Disintegration.
3) Exfoliation

• Bad conductor of heat


• Outer layer are exposed
• Expansion and contraction
• Become outer layer loosened
Exfoliation
Dome Exfoliation
Chemical weathering
• processes that change the chemical composition of rocks
and minerals
• takes place when the rock’s minerals are changed into
different substances.
• Water and water vapor are important agents of chemical
weathering
• The two processes of weathering, mechanical and
chemical seldom occur alone!
• Since water vapor is present in the air everywhere
means that chemical weathering occurs everywhere.
Factors in Chemical Weathering
 climate
 plants and animals
 time
 mineral composition
Processes of Chemical
Weathering
 Oxidation
 Hydrolysis
 Carbonation
 Solution
 Dissolving (dissolution)
Biological Weathering-
Barrowing Animals-
Mass Movement-
Rock Fall and
Land Slides
Talus
Landslide Image

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