HANDOUT MODULE
REF. AC 147-02 Basic Certificate Curriculum and Syllabus Development
AIRWORTHINESS
REQUIREMENTS
MODULE 1 – AVIATION LAW
SUB MODULE 1.2 - AIRWORTHINESS REQUIREMENTS
Presented by Erlana MT.
DGCA2020
OBJECTIVES:
MAMPU MEMAHAMI DAN MENJELASKAN:
• Initial Airworthiness Standards: Normal, Utility, Acrobatic, and
Commuter Category Airplanes
• Initial Airworthiness Standards: Transport Category Airplanes
• Initial Airworthiness Standards: Normal Category Rotorcraft
• Initial Airworthiness Standards: Transport Category Rotorcraft
• Initial Airworthiness Standards: Propellers
• Continuing airworthiness
ORIGINAL AND RECURRENT
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PROGRAM OUTLINES
Airworthiness definition
Initial Airworthiness Certification;
Type certification and TCDS
Certification basis
Standard and Special Airworthiness
Export C of A
ARC, SUP, TSO and PMA
Continuing Airworthiness Certification:
Design criteria, Maintenance requirements, Company m/m and program,
Reporting and Defect analysis,
Local compliance, Compliance with life limits, Compliance with SIP
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WHAT IS AN “AIRWORTHY”?
• Airworthy means Conform to type design
and condition for safe operation.
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CERTIFY AS AIRWORTHY (TO).
• To certify that an aircraft or parts thereof comply with
current airworthiness requirements after maintenance has
been performed on the aircraft or parts thereof.
SIGN A MAINTENANCE RELEASE (TO)
• To certify that maintenance work has been completed satisfactorily iaw
the applicable Standards of airworthiness, by issuing the maintenance
release referred to in Annex 6.
• Aviation Dictionary, McGraw-Hill:_______________
RTS mean the completion of all applicable maintenance records and
forms after maintenance has been performed on an aircraft that will
allow the aircraft to be flown legally.
•
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TYPE CERTIFICATED AIRCRAFT____
TC IS A DOCUMENT ISSUED BY A DGCA TO DEFINE THE DESIGN OF AN AIRCRAFT TYPE AND TO
CERTIFY THAT THIS DESIGN MEETS THE APPROPRIATE AIRWORTHINESS REQUIREMENTS. TYPE
CERTIFICATE DATA SHEET (TCDS) MEANS THE DATA APPROVED BY DGCA ATTACHED TO THE TYPE
CERTIFICATE INCLUDE OPERATION LIMITATION OF THE AIRCRAFT TYPE.
CONTINUED
OPERATIONAL
SAFETY
AIRWORTHINESS
APPROVAL
PRODUCTION
APPROVAL
TYPE DESIGN
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TYPE CERTIFICATE MARKING - EVIDENT
• AIRCRAFT, Engine, and
Propeller
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AIRWORTHINESS CERTIFICATION
Unlike design and production approval
airworthiness certification is approval of an
individual aircraft
A standard airworthiness certificate means
that an aircraft :
Conforms to an approved type design
Is in “condition for safe operation”
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AIRWORTHINESS CERTIFICATION
(CONTINUED)
Each civil aircraft must have an airworthiness
certificate before flight
An aircraft will need an airworthiness
certificate when it is :
New - ready for operation
Not yet completed or certified, but must be flown
(flight tested)
Damaged, but must be flown
Brought in from another country
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AIRWORTHINESS CERTIFICATION _AIRWORTHINESS
CERTIFICATE/ CERTIFICATE OF AIRWORTHINESS (C OF A) MEANS A
DOCUMENT ISSUED BY A DGCA TO AN INDIVIDUAL AIRCRAFT AND THE
AIRCRAFT MEETS THE APPROPRIATE REQUIREMENTS.___(CONTINUED)
Standard certificates are issued to aircraft with type
certificates in these categories :
Normal
Utility
Acrobatic
Commuter
Transport
Balloon
Glider
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AIRWORTHINESS CERTIFICATION
(CONTINUED)
CERTIFICATE DURATION
Standard One Year, so long as the aircraft is
Indonesian Registered
Properly maintenance
Special
Restricted & Limited One year – same as Standard
Experimental Depends on the purpose
R&D or flight test : one year or less
Amateur-built : same as Standard
Special Flight Permit Time limited, as specified
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CLASSIFICATION AND CATEGORY OF AIRWORTHINESS
CERTIFICATES
a. Standard Classification. A Standard Airworthiness Certificate
may be issued for an aircraft that fully complies with all the
requirements applicable to: Normal, Utility, Acrobatic,
Transport, Commuter, Glider, and Balloon categories.
Part 23 Airworthiness Standards : Normal, Utility, Acrobatic, and Commuter Category Aeroplanes
Part 25 Airworthiness Standards : Transport Category Aeroplanes
Part 27 Airworthiness Standards : Normal Category Rotorcraft
Part 29 Airworthiness Standards : Transport Category Rotorcraft
Part 31 Airworthiness Standards: Manned Free Balloons
b. Special Classification.
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CERTIFICATION BASIS
CASR
SUBJECT
PART
23 Airworthiness Standard : Normal, Utility, Acrobatic and Commuter Category Aeroplanes
25 Airworthiness Standard : Transport Category Aeroplanes
27 Airworthiness Standard : Normal Category Rotorcraft
29 Airworthiness Standard : Transport Category Rotorcraft
31 Airworthiness Standard : Manned Free Ballons
33 Airworthiness Standard : Aircraft Engine
34 Fuel Venting and Exhaust Emission Requirements for Turbine Engine Powered
Airplanes
35 Airworthiness Standards: Propellers
36 Noise Standards: Aircraft Type and Airworthiness Certification
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CERTIFICATION BASIS
CASR Part 23 - for airplanes in the normal, utility, acrobatic, and
commuter categories.
a. The normal category is limited to airplanes that have a
seating configuration, excluding pilot seats, of nine or less, a
maximum certificated takeoff weight of 12,500 pounds or
less, and intended for non-acrobatic operation.
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CERTIFICATION BASIS
CASR Part 23 - for airplanes in the normal, utility, acrobatic, and
commuter categories.
b. The utility category is limited to airplanes that have a seating
configuration, excluding pilot seats, of nine or less, a maximum
certificated takeoff weight of 12,500 pounds or less, and intended
for limited acrobatic operation.
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CERTIFICATION BASIS
CASR Part 23
c.The acrobatic category is limited to airplanes that have a
seating configuration, excluding pilot seats, of nine or less, a
maximum certificated takeoff weight of 12,500 pounds or less,
and intended for use without restrictions, other than those shown
to be necessary as a result of required flight tests.
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CERTIFICATION BASIS
CASR Part 23
c. .
d. The commuter category is limited to propeller driven,
multiengine airplanes that have a seating configuration,
excluding pilot seats, of 19 or less, and a maximum certificated
takeoff weight of 19,000 pounds or less.
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CERTIFICATION BASIS
• CASR 25
Airworthiness Standard : Transport Category Aeroplanes
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CERTIFICATION BASIS
CASR Part 27
• for normal category rotorcraft with maximum weights of 6,000
pounds or less.
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CERTIFICATION BASIS
CASR Part 29
• For transport category rotorcraft
• Category A: > 20.000lb, > 10 pax seats
• Category B: > 20.000lb, < 9 pax seats
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• A Special Airworthiness Certificate, may be issued for an
aircraft that does not meet the requirements for a Standard
Airworthiness Certificate.
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AIRWORTHINESS CERTIFICATE
CERTIFICATE DURATION
Standard One Year, so long as the aircraft is
Indonesian Registered
Properly maintenance
Special
Restricted & Limited One year – same as Standard
Experimental Depends on the purpose
R & D or flight test : one year or less
Amateur-built : same as Standard
Special Flight Permit Time limited, as specified
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CERTIFYING EXPORTS
Airworthiness approval of exports :
CASR Part 21, Subpart L – Export Airworthiness
Approvals
Products with export certification can go anywhere
Once out of Indonesia, PK registration markings are
removed
Indonesian registration and airworthiness certificates
are returned
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EXPORT
CERTIFICATE OF
AIRWORTHINES
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EXPORT
Three classes treated slightly differently for export CASR 21.321 (b)
CLASS PRODUCT
I Complete Aircraft, Engine, Propeller
II Any part, material or appliance manufactured under
a TSO in the “C” series
Major component whose failure would jeopardize the
safety of a Class I product
III Anything else : any part or component
Not Class I or II
Included standard parts, such as AN, NAS, and SAE
hardware
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EXPORT
PRODUCT EXPORT APPROVAL
Aircraft, Engine,
Propeller Export certificate of
Airworthiness
(“Class I”)
Anything else
(“Class II & Class III”) Airworthiness Release
Certificate
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AUTHORIZED RELEASE
CERTIFICATE
(ARC)
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INSPECTOR COURSE APRIL 2009
[email protected] 28
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INSPECTOR COURSE APRIL 2009
[email protected] 29
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INSPECTOR COURSE APRIL 2009
[email protected] 30
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AIRWORTHINESS OF COMPONENTS
TSO AND PMA PART
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TECHNICAL STANDARD ORDER (TSO)
AUTHORIZATION
(TSO) Authorization is a design and production
approval issued by the Director General and is a
minimum performance standard for specified
articles (for the purpose of this subpart, articles
means materials, parts, processes, or appliances)
used on civil aircraft.
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THE TECHNICAL
STANDARD ORDER (TSO)
TSOS HAVE BEEN ESTABLISHED FOR
MANY TYPES OF AIRCRAFT PARTS
SUCH AS:
ENGINES PART ,
LANDING GEAR PARTS,
ENVIRONMENTAL SYSTEM
COMPONENTS,
AND MANY AVIONICS.
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PMA PART
• Parts Manufacturer
Approval (PMA) is a
design and production
approval to produce a
modification or
replacement part for
sale for installation on a
type certificated
product.
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PMA PART
Parts Manufacturer Approvals Parts
is both a design approval and a
production approval.
It is issued for the production of
modification or replacement parts, which
includes materials, parts, processes, and
appliances.
is a design and production approval to
produce a modification or replacement
part for sale for installation on a type
certificated product.
PPT by Erlana MT. - DGCA2020 Erlana Ichsan H
DGCA - April 2014
PART MANUFACTURER APPROVAL
• PMA regulations not apply to the following:
1. Parts produced under a type or
production certificate.
2. Parts produced by an owner or
operator for maintaining or altering
his own product.
3. Parts produced under an TSO.
4. Standard parts (such as bolts and nuts)
conforming to approved specifications.
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CONTINUED
AIRWORTHINESS
CONTENT:
1. CHANGES TO TYPE CERTIFICATE
2. MAINTENANCE MANUAL
3. LIFE LIMIT
4. DEFECT ANALYSIS
AIRCRAFT AIRWORTHINESS
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CONTINUING AIRWORTHINESS
Continuingairworthiness covers all of the
processes ensuring that, at any time in
their operating life, all aircraft comply
with the airworthiness requirements in
force and are in a condition for safe
operation.
Continuing Airworthiness includes, under
the control of the respective Civil Aviation
Authorities (FAA-DGCA-EASA) of the
State of Design and the State of
Registry.
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INITIAL - CONTINUING AIRWORTHINESS
DGAC
TC PC C of A AD AOC
Operator
Design Production
Organization Organization AIRCRAFT * Operation
(Operating Life) * Maintenance
TC Holder (PAH)
Design Change
STC
Service Bulletin
Feed Back: Defect Report, SDR, MOR, Major Repair
Accident, Incident, Serious Incident, ect.
Erlana Apr’03
CASR PART 39 REV. 1 DATED 5 JANUARY 2006
AIRWORTHINESS DIRECTIVES (AD)
39.3 DEFINITION OF AD
• DGCA AD are legally enforceable rules that apply to the
following products: aircraft, aircraft engines, propellers, and
appliances.
39.5 WHEN DOES DGCA ISSUE AD?
a) An unsafe condition exists in the product; and
b) The condition is likely to exist or develop in other products of the same
type design.
1. CHANGES TO TYPE
CERTIFICATE
Approval of manufacturer
modifications.
Approval of Supplemental
Type Certificates.
Approval of repairs.
Mandatory Report
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APPROVAL OF MANUFACTURER MODIFICATIONS.
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APPROVAL OF REPAIRS.
REF. AC 43-01 REPAIR APPROVAL AND RTS AFTER EMBODIMENT OF A
REPAIR ON A PRODUCT
APPROVAL
OF REPAIRS
DGCA FORM 43-337
RTS EMBODIMENT OF
ALTERATION OR MAJOR
REPAIR
MAINTENANCE MANUAL
MAINTENANCE REQUIREMENTS
Preparation by the organization responsible for the type design of the specifications,
methods, procedures and tasks necessary to maintain the aircraft and publication of
this information in a format that can be readily adapted for use by an operator;
COMPANY MAINTENANCE MANUAL
Adoption by the operator of specifications, methods, procedures and tasks using the
information provided by the organization responsible for the type design ,(MPD) and
preparing that material in the form of a maintenance programme suitable for its
operation;
COMPANY MAINTENANCE PROGRAM
A new operator is responsible for producing his own maintenance program tailored
for his specific operation. This program must be based on the MPD and not based
on another operators experience.
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LIFE LIMIT
COMPLIANCE WITH LIFE LIMITS
Accomplishment by the operator of all mandatory requirements concerning the aircraft with
particular reference to fatigue life limits and any special tests or inspections required by the
certification process or subsequently found necessary to ensure structural integrity.
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MANDATORI REPORT
FOR DATA COLLECTION PURPOSES
REPORTING
The reporting of defects and other significant
maintenance and operational information by the
operator to the organization responsible for the
type design iaw the requirements of the State of
Registry;
MANDATORY DEFECT REPORTING
States should require an operator to report all
significant airworthiness defects and other data
within a stipulated time period (72 hours) to the
authority/manufacturer.
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DEFECT ANALYSIS
The analysis of defect, accident and other maintenance and
operational information by the organization responsible for
the type design, the State of Design and the State of Registry
and the initiation and transmission of information and
recommended or mandatory action to be taken in response to
that analysis;
The manufacturer in cooperation with the state of design
shall analysis all reports from operators (Defect &
reliability) and foreign authorities.
The results of this analysis by the manufacturer and his
authority could result in:
Issue of Service Information(SB, SL etc.
Defect Data Corrective
Issue of an Airworthiness directive.
Report Analysis SB, AD ect
Change to the MPD, MM etc,
Change to AFM.
DEFECT ANALYSIS BASE IN SERVICE
EXPERIENCE FEEDBACK
1. SYSTEM OF COLLECTION.
2. REPORTING TO THE
AUTHORITY.
3. ANALYSIS.
4. CORRECTIVE ACTIONS AND
AIRWORTHINESS DIRECTIVES.
SYSTEM OF COLLECTION.
135.703 SERVICE DIFFICULTY REPORTS
• … shall send each report required by this
section, in writing, to the DGCA office
within the next 72 hours.
• Develop System at least comply with Part
121/ 135… as explain in the Form 120-
46
REPORTING TO THE AUTHORITY.
DGCA FORM 43-01 SERVICE DIFFICULTY REPORT
CONTINUED AIRWORTHINESS
RECORDS OF INCIDENTS WITHIN AN
OPERATOR
1. Method.
2. Utilisation.
3. Analysis of flights.
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REF.
CASR
PART 830
CONTINUED AIRWORTHINESS
IV. ACCIDENT INVESTIGATIONS
• Aircraft Accident and
1. I.C.A.O. Appendix 13. Incident Investigation
2. Organization responsibilities.
3. Investigation.
4. Investigation boards.
5. Investigation report and
recommendations.
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ORGANIZATION RESPONSIBILITIES
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