Structural Design Report For 2B+G+0 Cafteria Blg.

At JIJIGA City

TABLE OF CONTENT

Part - I Introduction
1.1 General
1.2 Structural System
1.3 Basic Assumptions & Specifications

Part - II Loadings
2.1 Design Loads
2.2 Loads on Frames
2.3 Seismic Load Calculation
2.4 Combination Of Actions

Part-III Analysis &Design of Structural Members

3.1 Design of Slabs
3.2 Design of Stair Case
3.3 Design of Beams
3.4 Design of Columns
3.5 Design of Footings

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 Structural Design Report For 2B+G+0 Cafteria Blg. At JIJIGA City

PART - I INTRODUCTION

1.1 GENERAL

The project building under consideration is a two basement plus ground plus mezzanine floor
mixed use building. The building is planned to be constructed in JIJIGA city.

The architectural layout of the building is configured with non-uniform column spacing along the
short and long axes.

1.2 STRUCTURAL SYSTEM

The building is designed using reinforced concrete as the main building material .The conventional
“beam –slab system “is used for economic purposes. Two way solid slab system is adapted.

The structural design of the building is carried out using the ultimate and serviceability limit state
method of structural engineering. Both the conventional and the latest structural engineering
software are employed in the designing the structural members and frames of the building. Planer
frame structural system is modeled when using the conventional structural design followed with
three- dimensional frame analysis in using structural software.

The columns and beams are designed using different load combinations after which the critical
vertical and horizontal loadings are established as the design loads. The vertical loadings will
include all foreseeable vertical loading that will be subjected on the building such as dead and the
different imposed loads depending on the occupancy requirements.

All beams & columns are designed using ETABS V13 software, whereas the rest structural
members (slabs, stair and foundations) are calculated by using excel program, by taking the data
that etabs software provides, which satisfy the requirements of the European Standard Ethiopian
Norm (ES EN)

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 Structural Design Report For 2B+G+0 Cafteria Blg. At JIJIGA City

1.3 BASIC ASSUMPTIONS & SPECIFICATIONS

DESIGN DATA

Design standard: Ethiopian Standard European Norm

Ministry of Construction
Addis Ababa, 2015
ES EN

Design method: Ultimate Limit State Design

Material Properties:

Design strength of materials:

Steel Strength: The Yield Strength for all bars shall be with minimum yield strength of:
f Y = 360 Mpa.

Concrete Strength: The compressive strength of concrete determined from tests on 150mm
cubes at the age of 28 days in accordance with Ethiopian standards.
Columns & foundations are designed with C-30 concrete strength. The rest
of the structural members are designed with C25.
Class I concrete (Persistent & Transient)

Partial safety factor for material (ULS) γ m, ES EN 1992-1-1:2015 Table 2.1N

γ s = 1.15 for steel

γ c = 1.50 for concrete

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 Structural Design Report For 2B+G+0 Cafteria Blg. At JIJIGA City

Design strength for Concrete and Steel

Concrete in compression: fcd = 0.85 fck/ γ c

Concrete in tension: fctd = 0.85 fctk/ γ c

Steel in tension & compression: fyd = 0.85 fyk/ γ s

In addition the following unit weights are considered for calculation of the loads in this booklet.

- Unit weight for reinforced concrete : 25 Kn /m3

- Unit weight for cement screed with marble avg. : 24 Kn /m3
- Unit weight for cement screed : 23 Kn /m3
- Hollow block – with light weight aggregate: 14 Kn /m3

The following concrete covers are considered as mentioned in the code

- For beams : 25 mm
- Slabs : 15 mm
- Columns : 25 mm
- Footings : 50 mm

Software

ETABS v. 13 is used for the analysis and design of the building by modeling as a 3-D space frame.

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 Structural Design Report For 2B+G+0 Cafteria Blg. At JIJIGA City

PART - II LOADINGS

2.1 DESIGN LOADS

Characteristic values of loads

Characteristic dead load Gk: weight of the structure complete with finishes, fixtures and partitions.
Characteristic imposed load, Q k and
Lateral Loading: Earth Quake Load in X & Y direction (EQx & EQy), JIJIGA (zone 1), refer ES EN
1998 – 1, 2015

2.2 Loads on the Frames

The software can consider the self-weight of the given RC structure. Only the loads are calculated
and loaded as follows.

Slab:
Calculated Wall load on slabs and self-weight =3.1
Beams:
Wall load on beams
Wall load HCB = 0.20 x 3 x 14 kn/m3 = 8.4 kn/m2 (unfactored wall load)

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 Structural Design Report For 2B+G+0 Cafteria Blg. At JIJIGA City

2.3 Seismic Load Calculation

Lateral Load Analysis

Location: JIJIGA
Seismic zone: 1 (ES EN 1998-1 -2015)
Importance Category: I = 1.00
ETABS software has a built-in facility for seismic analysis. Therefore calculating the base shear
coefficient and considering the directions and eccentricity, the earthquake analysis is calculated as
follows. Please refer to the attached code input discussions and the inputs used to calculate the
lateral loading together with the output results.

Base Shear Coefficient Calculation, C,

Bed rock acceleration ratio,

The design ground acceleration, chosen for each seismic zone, corresponds to a reference return
period of 100 years. To this reference return period, an importance factor I equal to 1.0 is assigned.
Use I = 1.0
αo = 0.03
α = αo x I = 0.03 x 1 = 0.03

Where α is the bed rock acceleration ratio for the site and depends on the seismic zone

Seismic zones with a design ground acceleration a g, not greater than 0.05g (zone 1 & 2) are low
seism city zones, for which reduced or simplified seismic design procedures for certain types or
categories of structures may also be used.

In seismic zones 1 & 2, concrete buildings may be designed for the seismic load combination
following only the rules of ES EN 1998 provided the behavior factor γ is determined in accordance
with the code. (Section 1.6.2-1.6.10)
- Classification of sub soil condition

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 Structural Design Report For 2B+G+0 Cafteria Blg. At JIJIGA City

Sub soil class B, therefore, S = 1.2

- Behavioral factor to account for energy dissipation capacity
γ = γo KDKRKW < 0.70
γo - basic value of the behavioral factor = 0.20
KD - factor reflecting the ductility class, DC "L", KD = 1.5
KR = 1, for regular structures
KW = 1.00, for frame and frame equivalent dual systems
γ = 0.20 x 1.5x 1x 1.00 = 0.30 < 0.70

T1 - fundamental period of building in seconds

T1 = C1H 3/4 (page 42)
H = 13
C1 = 0.075 - for RC Buildings
T1 = 0.075 x (13)3/4 = 0.513 sec
β - Design response factor
β = 1.2 S / T 2/3 < 2.5
= 1.44 / 0.767 =1.88
Where S is subsoil class B, S = 1.2
Base Shear Force

Seismic base shear force coefficient

Fb = Sd (T1) W
Sd (T1), see equation 1.1 at period T1
Where base shear force coefficient, Sd (T1) = αβγ = 0.03 x 1.88 x 0.7 = 0.0395

This coefficient is used as input data when modeling the structure using ETABS program. The
program uses this value for the calculation of shear forces on every floor that ultimately will be
distributed to the columns and concrete walls according to their stiffness.

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 Structural Design Report For 2B+G+0 Cafteria Blg. At JIJIGA City

2.4 Combination of Actions

Design values of the dominant variable actions and the combination design values of other actions,
vertical and lateral actions stated in ES EN 1: 2013, can be used for combination of actions for the
Ultimate limit state design situation. The adverse partial factor is applied here to get a critical
design result as follows and therefore the above loadings make up a total of seven different
combinations.

Load
Scale
Name Case/Com Type
Factor
bo
COMBO1 DEAD 1.35 Linear Add
COMBO1 LIVE 1.5
COMBO2 COMBO1 0.75 Linear Add
COMBO2 EQx 1
COMBO3 COMBO1 0.75 Linear Add
COMBO3 EQx -1
COMBO4 COMBO1 0.75 Linear Add
COMBO4 EQy 1
COMBO5 COMBO1 0.75 Linear Add
COMBO5 EQy -1
COMBO6 DEAD 1 Linear Add
COMBO6 LIVE 1
ENV COMBO1 1 Envelope
ENV COMBO2 1

Out of the seven combinations the critical case is taken for the design of beams and columns and
combo6 is used for design of footing.

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 Structural Design Report For 2B+G+0 Cafteria Blg. At JIJIGA City

PART - III ANALYSIS AND DESIGN OF STRUCTURAL MEMBERS

3.2 DESIGN OF SLAB

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 Structural Design Report For 2B+G+0 Cafteria Blg. At JIJIGA City

3.2 DESIGN OF STAIR CASE

Dead weight of stair

Self-weight of the stair slab is considered by the software, 180 cm stair depth.
Riser and tread concrete averaged to 8 cm concrete,
= 0.08 x 25 = 2.0 Kn/m2
Screed / Marble = 0.05 x 25 = 1.25 Kn/m2

Total Dead load = 2.0 + 1.25 = 3.25 Kn/m2

Live load = 3 Kn/m2

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 Structural Design Report For 2B+G+0 Cafteria Blg. At JIJIGA City

3.3 DESIGN OF BEAMS

The design of beams is carried out by using ETABS Analysis & Design software. First the
loads from slab reactions, wall loads, roof truss loads & staircase reaction loads are loaded on the
ETABS 3D frame model then after the structure is analyzed, the corresponding beams are
designed using ETABS, Euro Code 2-1992 design option.

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 Structural Design Report For 2B+G+0 Cafteria Blg. At JIJIGA City

3.4 DESIGN OF COLUMNS

After the ETABS model structure, with the appropriate loads & load combinations, is
analyzed, the design of columns is carried out by using ETABS Analysis & Design software
analysis output and an excel program developed in accordance to ES EN 1992 1-1-2015 section
5&9. The analysis of the ETABS model frame is analyzed with the P-D analysis option till the
iteration converged. So 2nd order effect is already considered in the analysis, therefore there is no
need to include 2nd order effect as it is already considered in the analysis.

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 Structural Design Report For 2B+G+0 Cafteria Blg. At JIJIGA City

3.5 DESIGN OF FOOTINGS

The reaction output from ETABS model analysis is used in the design of footings. The
footings are proportioned for an allowable bearing capacity of 280. The design of footings is carried
out using an excel program developed in accordance to ES EN 1997. In the design of footings two
load combinations, namely, unfactored load combination COM 6=DL+LL and factored load
combination COM 1=1.35*DL+1.5*LL, are used according to standard procedures.

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