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Sir Charles Alexander Cameron (1830-1921)

Dublin’s Medical Superintendent, Executive Officer
of Health, Public Analyst and Inspector of
Explosives
D. Thorburn Burns, The School of Chemistry, The Queen’s University of Belfast, Belfast,
BT9 5EQ

Summary
The life and times of Sir Charles Alexander Cameron are reviewed briefly herein. Attention
has been given to listing his publications, and to some less well known aspects of his social
and professional life. An account is given for the first time of his influence via the Irish
Analysts Association, on professional integrity and fair play amongst analysts in Ireland.

Introduction
Although Charles Cameron (Fig. 1) is not particularly well known these days, he was in his
time, very well known in chemical, medical and social circles in Dublin and in London. A
deal of information about him is available via his Reminiscences [1] and Autobiography [2],
in the accounts of his life [3-10] and in various obituaries [11-13]. His importance at the time
can be judged from the report in The Irish Times, March 3, 1921, giving details of the funeral
service and procession “whose proportions bore testimony to the esteem in which Sir Charles
Cameron was held”, and listed the chief mourners, the representatives of the Royal College of
Surgeons of Ireland, the Royal Dublin Society, the Masonic Order, members of the general
public, the floral tributes and the messages attached, and finally the contents of the telegrams
of sympathy received [14].

Charles Cameron was born in Dublin on 16 July 1830, son of a Scottish British Army
Officer, his mother Belinda Smith was from Co. Cavan. He was schooled first in Dublin and
then Guernsey. After his father’s death in 1846 the family returned to Dublin and Cameron
obtained employment in the laboratory of the Apothecaries, Bewley & Evans. The
Superintendent of Bewley & Evans laboratory, John Aldridge, was Professor of Chemistry at
the Apothecaries Hall Medical School and Cameron received from him a good knowledge of
pharmaceutical chemistry. Cameron studied medicine in the School of Medicine of
Apothecaries Hall, the Dublin School of Medicine, the Ledwich School, the Meath and the
Coombe Hospitals, and studied in 1854 in Germany. During his long career he collected
numerous degrees and memberships and high office in many professional bodies, most of
which were recorded on the title pages of the various annual editions of Report upon the State
of Public Health (see for example that for 1914 [15], Fig. 2). At first sight, the omission of
his Membership of the Royal Irish Academy (elected May 14, 1860, roll number 1087, he
signed the Roll Book June 25, 1860) seems strange, particularly since the Academy had given
grant in aid of his research both prior to and post his election. This omission was however

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Figure 1
Portrait of Sir Charles Alexander Cameron when President of the Royal
College of Surgeons of Ireland

logical, in view that all the other distinctions and qualifications listed were not from bodies
whose sole mode of entry was by election of candidates selected as worthy by their existing
members. He did however note his M. R. I. A. after his name on his series of papers in
Chemical News from 1860 to 1862.

One of Cameron’s early posts was as Professor of Chemistry to the Dublin Chemical Society
[1(a)]. This private body was set up in 1852 to teach chemistry, it lasted until 1862, by which
time the courses at the Royal College of Science made it unnecessary. He held numerous
teaching posts concerned with chemistry and hygiene in the Dublin Medical Schools over the
years in addition to lecturing at the Government Agricultural Institute in Glasnevin [5]. His
main career was as Medical Superintendent and Executive Officer for Health, Public Analyst,
and Inspector of Explosives in Dublin. He was also for many years Expert and Analyst to the
Government in criminal cases, resigning from this post in 1883. He recorded numerous
humorous anecdotes of his times in court [1(b)] including a case when he appeared for both
sides, “and each paid my reasonable fee” [1(c)].

Cameron married Lucie Frances Macnamara at St. Mary’s Church of Ireland, October 16,
1862. Charles and Lucie Cameron had six sons and two daughters. Tragically, Cameron’s
wife and five of his sons predeceased him. In 1883 he wrote, “after the death of my wife, I
did not go into society for a year, and only to a slight extent during the following two years”.
During those three years he devoted all his spare time to research and writing History of the

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Figure 2
Title page of “Report upon the State of Public
Health and the Sanitary Work etc. Performed in
Dublin during the Year 1914”

Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland [5]. From family correspondence it is clear the loss of
his five sons bore heavily on him [16].

Professional Activities
Cameron was very active and held high office in many of the professional organisations in
which he was a member, for example as Vice-President, Institute of Chemistry of Great
Britain and Ireland , 1884-1890; President, Royal Colleges of Surgeons in Ireland, 1885-6;
President, Royal Institute of Public Health, 1889-93. He made numerous contributions to
analytical chemistry through his long service as a Public analyst, his publications, service to
the Society of Public Analysts, the Irish Analysts Association much of which overlapped or
was synergistic with his duties as Medical Officer for Health in Dublin. This overlap is well
illustrated in his Manual of Hygiene [17] by the section on adulteration of food and drink,
which details the legal background as well as the chemical and microscopic methods in use at
the time.

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Under the Food and Drugs Acts

The first Food and Drugs Act, in 1860, established the post of Public Analyst. Dublin was
one of the first authorities to use the Act, and in 1862 appointed Cameron to the post he held
for 59 years. He was only the third Public Analyst to be appointed in the United Kingdom,
after Dr. H. Letheby by the Corporation of London and Dr. Alfred Hill by the Corporation of
Birmingham. The first Food and Drugs Act, in 1860, established the post of Public Analyst.
Dublin was one of the first authorities to use the Act, and in 1862 appointed Cameron to the
post he held for 59 years. He was only the third Public Analyst to be appointed in the United
Kingdom, after Dr. H. Letheby by the Corporation of London and Dr. Alfred Hill by the
Corporation of Birmingham. The 1860 Act was in many ways very defective and proved
practically inoperative in every place except Dublin. In the first year of his appointment
Cameron examined 46 articles of food and 11 drugs. Out of 19 samples of milk he examined
only 1 was pure [18]. Much as a result of Cameron’s success in prosecutions in cases of
adulteration, the 1860 Act was amended. Following the 1870 Act, he was chosen by 33
counties and boroughs in Ireland and was humorously referred to as “the Public Analyst for
Ireland”. Details of his laboratory (see Figs. 3-6), described as, “It is a thoroughly up-to-date
laboratory, and in fact one of the finest in the United Kingdom” and the samples examined
were recorded in his Report upon the State of Public Health for the City of Dublin (1914)
[15]. During his long career as a Public Analyst he made a considerable number of research
and instructional publications to advance the field (see Tables I and II). The care and
attention to detail he gave to research is well illustrated by his comprehensive survey on the
composition of milk from 42 cows kept at the Government Agricultural Institute, Glasnevin.
(From 1874 until 1902, Cameron gave 50 lectures annually at the Institute, delivered at 8.00
a.m.; 25 on chemistry and 25 on geology [2(a)]). During the milk survey, the morning and the
evening milk samples from each cow were analysed; notes taken of the age of the cows and
of the periods of lactation. As a result of his survey, Cameron recommended a composition
standard of 8.5% non-fat solids and 2.7% fat for cows’ milk [19].

The Society of Public Analysts

In the early days of the Society of Public Analysts [20] Dr. Cameron contributed numerous
papers on the analysis of milk, water and drugs to the Analyst. He served on Council (1878-
81) and was President 1893 and 1894, his President’s Annual Address at the AGM’s are good
summaries of the problems of the period and the progress being made [21, 22]. The 1893
dinner was reported in The Times, January, 5th. Cameron introduced a more formal character
into the annual dinners by inviting official guests; however the earlier “relaxed Bohemian
joviality” continued unabated [20 (a), 23]. The annual summer meeting of the society was
held on three occasions in Dublin (1881, 1885 and 1893).

Just prior to his Presidency, a bill was introduced into Parliament to amend the Food and
Drugs Act by Dr. C. Cameron, M.P. (of Glasgow). This bill was withdrawn, but due to public
pressure and a Select Committee set up, which sat from 1894-6 receiving evidence from the
President, members of the Society, and others [20(b)]. An amended Act was passed in 1899
and which importantly required proof of requisite qualification to act as a Public Analyst. In

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Figure 3
External view of the Laboratories at Chatham Row.

the period 1892-4 the Society had debated the possibility of establishing its own examination,
but did not proceed as it was felt this would trespass upon the province of the Institute and
they suspended discussion on the matter in the hope that it might be satisfactorily be dealt
with by the Institute, as it was in 1896 [20(c)]. In 1896 the Institute established five branches
for the final examination; branch (e) was “Analysis of Water, Food, and Drugs, including the
Assay of Alkaloids and recognition of impurities, adulterations and substitutions”. The 1899
Act, as have subsequent Acts, accepted success in the branch (e) examinations as proof of
requisite qualification [24]. Since 1968, the successor examination to branch (e) has lead to
the award of a Mastership in Chemical Analysis (M.Chem.A.). Many now consider it is time
to change the status of M.Chem.A. to that of a taught-experiential doctorate (D.Chem.A.). A
view formed by consideration of the length of post-graduate time, the depth and extent of
study and of practical experience, gained under strict supervision, demanded of candidates. A
necessary change to give parity with other professions, such as psychology, which have
parallel, in depth theory-practical experience, training schemes. Alternatively to submitting a
research based thesis, candidates might proceed from M.Chem.A. to D.Chem.A. by
assessment of peer reviewed publication, a process that would also encourage links between
the profession and academic departments of chemistry.

The Society changed its name in 1906 to that of the Society of Public Analysts (SAC) [20(d)]
and other Analytical Chemists, and again in 1954 to the Society for Analytical Chemistry
[25]. Upon amalgamation in 1975 with the Chemical Society, the Royal Institute of
Chemistry and the Faraday Society, the SAC became the Analytical Division of the Royal
Society of Chemistry [26, 27]. The Association of Public Analysts (APA) was established in
1954 to deal specifically with the interests of the Public Analysts, the necessary examinations
remaining with the successor body to the Institute, namely the RSC.

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Figure 4
West end of Laboratory No. 1

The Irish Analysts Association

Although Cameron’s income was more than adequate due to the multiplicity of medical and
chemical posts he held, the same was not true for other Public Analysts, nor for those in
official posts such as Medicines Analysts to Poor Law Unions. These latter posts are noted in
the Institute’s list of Official Chemical Appointments for 1910, in the section for The Local
Government Board for Ireland as follows:

“In addition to the appointments under the Sale of Food and Drugs Acts, and the
Fertilisers and Feeding Stuffs Acts there are many appointments as Medicines Analysts
to the Unions, for which, besides the Public Analysts, the following are officially
recognised:- Robert Fredrick Blake, F.I.C.; Edwin Lapper, L.R.C.P.I., F.R.C.P.I.,
F.I.C.; Walter Thorp, B.Sc. (Lond. and Leeds), F.I.C.; David Smith Jardin, Assoc. R. C.
Sc. I., F.I.C., Hugh Ryan, M.A., D.Sc. (R.U.I), F.I.C.” [28].

Following a circular letter to all analysts holding public appointments in Ireland a meeting
was held in Dublin, Saturday, October 15 1910, to discuss professional fees and to set up an
“Irish Analysts Association” [29]. At this meeting it was noted that many English Fellows of
the Institute of Chemistry of Great Britain and Ireland were complaining to the Institute that
Irish analysts were accepting fees as low as 4/- per sample and that it was increasingly
difficult for English analysts to obtain their minimum fee of 10 shillings and 6 pence.

The Institute had a Public Appointments Committee [30] which via the Council had, by 1910,
made complaints to the Local Government Board. It was pleased to draw attention to the note
in the Board’s 1908-1909 Report:

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Figure 5
West end of Laboratory No. 2.

“Our attention has been drawn to the practice which has been adopted by certain local
authorities of inviting applicants for the office of public analyst to state the terms upon
which they are prepared to accept the appointment. We consider the offering of such
appointments “on tender” as open to strong objection, and we trust the practice will be
discontinued.” [31].

At the first meeting of the Irish Analysts Association, Sir Charles Cameron was voted to
Chair the meeting and was later in the meeting, appointed President of the Association.
Among the resolutions passed at the first meeting were:

i) That no Irish Analyst shall apply for any position advertised as vacant until he
shall have received satisfactory evidence that the former holder is no longer a
candidate.
ii) The subscription to the Association to be half a guinea yearly.
iii) For any future Poor Law appointment members shall ask for £4 for each
dispensary, each dispensary depot and hospital.
iv) The fee, for all samples of water from all public authorities in connection with
any new appointment to be a minimum of 1 guinea per sample.

At the second meeting, February 18, 1911 the among the fees were discussed the following
agreed:

i) £25 per annum retaining fee under the Food and Drugs Acts. £15 per annum
under the Fertiliser and Feeding Stuffs Acts. 10/6 per sample for the first 100

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samples under F &D Acts, 7/6 for all other samples. 5/- per sample for F & F
samples sent by bona fide tenant farmers.
ii) For Unions, 2/6 per sample of tea, 5/- per sample of milk, all other foods 10/6
per sample.

A year later, February 15, 1912, it was agreed that:

i) For the smaller Irish counties the annual retention fee for the combined duties
under Food and Drugs Acts and the Feeding and Fertiliser Acts be £25.
ii) The fee as witness in cases be £3/3/0 per day and first class travelling
expenses.
iii) The fees when acting as Acting or Temporary Analyst to be 10/6 per sample,
under the F & D, F & F and Medical Charities Acts, for waters to be £1/1/0.

In 1912 the Council of the Institute received a report from their Public Appointments
Committee held March 1st, in regard to the unsatisfactory terms for the Appointments of
Public Analysts to the Metropolitan Boroughs of Lambeth and Wandsworth and the
County of Antrim. The Council agreed to inform all Fellows and Associates resident in
Great Britain and Ireland that the terms were unsatisfactory; that any Member having
made application for any of these posts withdraw, in addition Members should refrain
from supplying testimonials in support of any candidate applying for them. The Council
invited the Association of Public Analysts for Scotland and the Irish Analysts to appoint
representatives to serve on the Public Appointments Committee in March 1913 [32].
Early in April the Committee held a special meeting to hear the views of R. F. Blake, of
Belfast. At the Institute’s A.G.M., the President, Raphael Meldola, commented adversely
on a circular letter from the Association, September 2nd. 1911, bearing the names of 90
Fellows of whom 21 were resident in Ireland, sent to Fellows nominated for election to
Council by the Association. The President objected to the charge that Council had not
given these members the “full support to which they were entitled” [33].

The Irish Association met on November 30th. 1912 and were still very concerned about
the Antrim post. They agreed a circular letter to be sent to all analysts in Ireland,
members of the Institute, complaining that Mr. Hodgson the Public Analyst for
Blackpool, whose laboratory was in Manchester, had been appointed to the Antrim post,
asking the Institute considered this to be unprofessional conduct by Mr. Hodgson. Before
it was sent they sought signatures in support before the letter was sent to the Council [34].
According to the Minutes of the Association of July 5, 1913, the letter was duly sent. It
appears no reply was made as it was agreed that a further letter be sent to the Institute,
desiring a definite reply.

On May 9th, 1914, the Association had a long discussion about applications by Analysts
resident in England for appointments in Ireland and on fees. They confirmed fees for
Unions should remain as before but rescinded their scales of fees under the Food and
Drugs Acts and the Fertiliser and Feeding Stuffs Acts. This latter decision was probably
due to the higher scale of fees recommended, earlier, by the Institute [35].

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Figure 6
Balance Room

The Association met twice in 1915. On May 15th they passed unanimously, what must be,
a land mark resolution to forbid any religious and political discrimination by members in
respect of posts, namely,

“That no member of this Association shall in canvassing for any appointment ask for or
accept the aid of any religious, political or secret society or organisation, nor shall use
to his own advantage his own religion or politics if they happen to differ from those of
any of the other candidates”.

This stance deserves wider recognition given the social and political atmosphere in which
it was promulgated.

They also adopted the following resolutions:

i) That in the event of failure to obtain adequate remuneration, from an

appointing authority, either satisfactory to himself and (or) the L.G.B. [Local
Government Board] it is essential for the proper conduct of the work that the
Union or Public Analyst should resign his position and with the support of his
colleagues and practising analysts in Ireland insist upon terms commensurate
with the work involved.
ii) That the terms fixed by the Analysts Association in Ireland are: £3 per annum
for each dispensary and union workhouse or an alternative of 6/- per sample
and £20 per annum retaining fee together with 6/- per sample for Counties and
County Boroughs.
iii) That the Council of the Institute of Chemistry be asked to ratify these
resolutions and further consider it would be a breach of professional etiquette

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for any member of the Institute to apply for any appointments rendered vacant
in Ireland at terms lower than those determined by the members practising in
Ireland, who have first hand knowledge of the duties and conditions of
analytical work in Ireland.

The second meeting in 1915, held December 11th, was regarded as a special meeting to
decide upon a deputation to the Local Government Board and what the deputation shall say.
They were concerned about remuneration of analysts under the Medical Charities and under
the Food and Drugs Acts. It was agreed to ask the Local Government Board to sanction
£4.10.0 per annum for the analysis of drugs per sending station.

The last meeting, recorded in the Minute book, was held December 5th, 1916. At this meeting
both the Secretary, Mr. W. Thorp, and the Treasurer, Dr. E. Lapper, resigned due to pressure
of work and ill heath respectively. Dr. J. Hawthorn, from Belfast, was appointed Secretary
and Treasurer. A discussion was held on the recent attempts by the Kerry County Council to
have their Public Analyst removed from post, on the grounds that his remuneration was
excessive. The Association noted with satisfaction that the L.G. Board had refused to
sanction their proceedings. A resolution was passed that in the Association’s view the terms
for the Kerry position were not excessive and agreed to inform the L.G.B. of their view and
to offer their services in determining similar or other points in the future. They went on to
discuss problems that arose when a drug sample is condemned under the Medical Charities
Act. The Secretary was then directed to write to the L.G.B. to draw their attention to the
problem and suggest that a clause be introduced in the contract for medical supplies in the
future to the effect that,

“where a drug sample is found to be defective, the cost of analysis of the new supply be
borne by the contractor”.

The last mention of the representative of the Irish Analysts Association in the Institute’s
Proceeding as being on the Public Appointments Committee was in 1921 [36], the year
Cameron died. What happened within the Irish Analysts Association in the period 1917 –
1921 is yet to be discovered. The Association of Public Analysts for Scotland remained on
the Institute’s Public Appointments Committee, one year longer, until 1922 [37].

As Public Officer for Health in Dublin

In 1874 Cameron was appointed Co-Medical Officer for Health and from 1880 sole active
Medical Officer for Health for Dublin. In 1882 the Corporation of Dublin placed the whole of
the Sanitary Department under his direction and permitted him to retain all his other
numerous appointments. During the following forty years he played a key role in improving
the living conditions for the poor in Dublin by improving the physical and medical conditions
in the city, in addition to and synergistic to the nutritional improvements made via his
activities as Public Analyst.

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He published annual sanitary reports, books and numerous papers on hygiene and spread of
disease (see Tables I and II). As the publications show Cameron was early in recognising the
dangers from milk as a means of carrying infections such as typhoid, scarlet fever and
diphtheria many of which were traced to dairies. If disease was traced to a dairy the premises
was immediately inspected and if necessary the supplies of milk, butter and eggs destroyed.
Cameron noted the connection between unfit and overcrowded housing and the spread of
tuberculosis and other contagious diseases.

Cameron succeeded in improving the conditions of thousands of dwelling houses and the
closing down of over two thousand houses declared unfit for human habitation. In this task he
was not afraid to seek the assistance in 1885 of the Prince of Wales (afterwards King Edward
VII). Cameron suggested to the Lord Lieutenant at the time, that as the Prince of Wales had
visited many model dwellings for the working classes, he ought to see some of the wretched
dwellings in which the poor lived and which it was desirable should be replaced by healthy
abodes. The visit took place incognito. A quarter of a century later he had the pleasure of
showing the Prince, then King, the model dwellings erected by the Corporation in Bride
Street [1(d)]. In 1885 Cameron was knighted for “his scientific researches, and his services
in the cause of Public Health”. He was later, 1899, made a Companion of the Order of the
Bath.

Cameron’s last official appointment at the request of the Home Secretary, at the age of
eighty-six, was to inspect and report on the camp and buildings at Frongoch, north Wales,
where hundreds of participants in the 1916 rising were interned. One of the prisoners
recorded “nothing seems to escape the eagle eye of the old gentleman” [2(b), 38]. Largely as
a consequence of his report the prisoners were released.

Research and Publications

Cameron’s large number of primary publications, 84 excluding re-publications in full or
abridged format, mainly as the sole author, testify to his endeavours to advance applied
chemistry and medicine; in particular to advance public health and hygiene via both areas
(see Table I). He contributed to agriculture by a series of studies on plant nutrition, to the
prevention of fraud by adulteration of food and drugs including many important papers on the
composition of milk and drinking water supplies. Some of his publications are brief, by way
of a case note e.g. “Amount of tannin in Valonia”, but non-the-less valuable at the time to his
fellow Public Analysts. The publication of case notes is a practice which is worthy of re-
introduction at the present time. Almost half of his journal output was in the form of Reports
on Public Health combined with Annual Reports upon the Analysis of Food, Drugs, Water
etc. many of which were also issued as pamphlets. These reports make interesting reading,
many contain detail literature reviews on topics of interest at the time in addition to reports on
original findings, later the basis of full papers in the chemical or medical journals, as
appropriate. His papers on the spread of disease and the influence of diet, water supplies and
housing demonstrate his pioneering work in these areas. In addition to applied chemistry,
mainly analytical, papers undertook some basic chemical research with Edmund A. Davy, on
“some hitherto undescribed compounds of selenium” [39] with grant in aid, (£30), from the

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Royal Irish Academy [40]. Later with J. Macallan, Demonstrator in Chemistry at the Royal
College of Surgeons of Ireland, he studied the “compounds of ammonia with selenium
dioxide” [41] and “the chemistry of selenic acid…” [42].

As well as his large output of publications in journals Cameron revised or wrote text books,
pamphlets and reports on the same areas and 5 general items (see Table II). It is not possible
to classify this output into single subject groups as most were concerned with more than two
areas, such as, chemistry and agriculture, chemistry of food and live stock, hygiene and
health. Cameron produced an extensive History of the Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland,
and of the Irish Medical Schools (1886, Second Edition 1916). The split between applied
chemistry (agriculture, food, drugs and water) and medicine and hygiene in Cameron’s books
and pamphlets is almost 50:50, which reflects his overall interests and life’s work.

Cameron produced some material out-with his professional areas including a “Guide to the
Royal Zoological Gardens, Phoenix Park” (1861), Short Poems translated from the
German” (1877), “On the Origins and Progress of Chivalric Freemasonry in the British
Isles” (1901) and left personal records of his life and times in Reminiscences (1916) [1] and
in Autobiography (1920) [2]. In these two later books you can read details of the formation of
the Dublin Chemical Society, some amusing anecdotes of court cases in which he had acted
as an expert witness, many aspects of his social life, and of the Corinthian Club, a club based
on the ethos of the Savage Club, London, of which he was a member.

Aspects of Cameron’s Social Activities

Cameron was in many ways a Renaissance figure, interested in both the scientific and the
literary life. He was a great admirer of drama, a theatre critic for The Irish Times and other
papers, and a friend of leading actors. Although a member of the Church of Ireland he was a
leading ecumenist as shown by act, for example, serving as one of the honorary secretaries to
the fund to erect a statue to the “Apostle of Temperance”, Father Mathew [1(e)], and his
various friendships with members of other churches such those with Father James Healy
[1(f)], and Archbishop William J. Walsh [1(g)]. Much of his social life involved his clubs and
the Masonic Order.

Club Life
After joining the London Savage Club, Cameron become well known to other members, as he
recorded he had the pleasure of presiding at several of the Saturday night dinners [2(c)]. In
his report of the dinner held 7th. June 1893, in honour of W. M. Stanley, the celebrated
African explorer, Cameron notes he told Stanley that Surgeon Parke (who had been with
Stanley in Africa) had been a student of his in the Chemical Department of the Royal College
of Surgeons of Ireland [2(d)]. He also was invited to propose toasts at important functions
such as at the Club dinner in 1897, to celebrate the Diamond Jubilee of Queen Victoria,
which was the Club’s fortieth anniversary dinner [2(c)]. From the menu (see Fig. 7) [43], the
toast list and the number of entertainers the Savages and their guests must have sat late, that

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Figure 7
Savage Club Menu for Dinner April 10th, 1897

night. The tradition of artist members producing individualised menu cards for specific
dinners continues to the present day.

Cameron was a prime mover in the foundation in 1899 of the Corinthian Club in Dublin
[1(h)]. This was a dining club which meet every Saturday evening and invited famous people
from all walks of life, but particularly those distinguished in music and drama. Over the years
the guests of the Club included the Scottish Chemist Sir William Ramsey, Sir Ernest
Shackleton the artic explorer, Madame Melba and Signor Caruso [1(i)] and Winston
Churchill [1(j)]. The proposal of the health of Churchill by Cameron, and the reply were
reported in the Daily Express 24th. January 1904, both items were reprinted in Cameron’s
Reminiscences [1(k)]. Press reports of events such as professional and club dinners was
common at the period, that C. H. Kruger, a nephew of the Transvaal President, replied to the
toast to the guests was reported in the New York Times, September 3rd. 1899. Quite naturally
the Club honoured Cameron with a dinner after he was made an Honorary Freeman of the
City of Dublin in 1911 [1(l)]

Freemasonry
Cameron, an active and well respected freemason, was initiated in Lodge 125, Fidelity,
Dublin, in 1858 and in due course held high office in the craft and in the higher degrees [44].
He was Deputy Grand Master in the Grand Lodge of Ireland 1911-20; Deputy Grand Master
in the Great Priory of Ireland 1898-1920; Sovereign Grand Commander of the Supreme
Council 33rd Degree of the Ancient and Accepted Right for Ireland 1912-1921. Several
Lodges, Royal Arch Chapters and Preceptories were named after him. Sir Charles Cameron
Lodge 72 was founded in Dublin in 1907 and returned the Warrant to Grand Lodge in 1981,

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still in existence are Lodge 353, Sir Henry Wilson & Sir Charles Cameron (1913-); RA
Chapter 353, Sir Charles Cameron (1915-); Preceptory 249, Cameron (1911-) and Preceptory
353, Sir Charles Cameron (1921-). A full length portrait of Cameron was presented to the
Grand Lodge of Ireland in 1886 by the members of Lodge 25. Cameron mentions Masonic
activities in some detail his Reminiscences [1(m)] and in his Autobiography [2 (a)] and noted,
“I have never met any unpleasantness owing to my being a Freemason from any of the public
bodies, Chiefly composed of Catholics, with which I am or have been associated”. He was
friendly with Archbishop William J. Walsh who in a letter congratulating Cameron on his
award of the Freedom of the City of Dublin, especially valued by Cameron, put a P.S. - “You
and I have worked together for many years, and I don’t think anyone be found to say that the
city is worse for it” [1(g)].

Cameron’s alter ego

There was a contemporary of Charles Cameron, also called Charles Cameron, also born in
Dublin, also an M.D., and also a chemist. Following graduation from Trinity College Dublin
he moved to Glasgow and became M.P. for the College Division of Glasgow (1874-1900).
Both the Dublin and the Glasgow Charles Cameron moved around a lot, with active social
lives and people frequently got them mixed up, so much so that one came to refer to the other
as his alter ego[1(n), 9(a)]. The confusion was no doubt aided that both were involved in
matters concerning the operation of the Food and Drugs Acts [20(b)]; C. Cameron, M.P. was
active in revision of the Acts in Parliament, whilst C .A .Cameron with the operation of the
Acts in his professional practice. The problem of identity partially resolved when the Dublin-
based Cameron was knighted in 1885, but not for long as the Glasgow-based Cameron was
also knighted in 1893. Some of their amusing correspondence is given in Reminiscences
[1(n)].

Conclusions
Sir Charles Alexander Cameron led a very busy and active professional and also social life.
He was well regarded by all sections of the community for his unbiased concern for all, but
especially for the poor in Dublin. His obituary in the Analyst [11] concludes “That not the
least of his achievements was the retention of his full mental faculties and physical working
powers beyond his 90th year”. He is an excellent example, for chemists of the present era, to
emulate.

References
1. Charles A. Cameron, “Reminiscences”, Hodges, Figgis & Co., Dublin, (1913).
(a) The Dublin Chemical Society, pp. 29-31; (b) My experiences in trials for
murder, etc., pp. 59-74; (c) I appear for both sides in a trial, p. 71-72 ; (d) King
Edward VII in Dublin Slums, pp.106-108; (e) The Father Matthew Statue, pp.
102-103; (f) An oyster patti, pp. 104-105, includes a portrait of the Rev. James
Healy and facsimile letter from Father Healy; (g) letter from the Archbishop
of Dublin, W. J. Walsh, p. 150; (h) The Corinthian Club, pp. 129-133; (i)

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Madame Melba and Signor Caruso, pp. 134-135; (j) Mr. Winston Churchill at
the Corinthian Club, p.136; (k) Speeches at the Corinthian Club, pp. 137-141;
(l) My Freedom of the City, pp. 153-155; (m) 100th. Anniversary of the
Masonic Institution for Girls, p. 120; (n) A gathering of the Clan Cameron, pp.
109-112.
2. Charles A. Cameron, “Autobiography”, Hodges, Figgis & Co., Dublin, (n.d.,
probably late 1920, Earl of Belmore’s copy dated November 5th. 1920).(a)
Delivered lectures, p. 26; (b) A visit to Frongoch, pp. 158-161; (c) The London
Savage Club, p. 47; (d) Celebrated African Travellers, pp. 106-107,
3. J. Leyland, “Sir Charles Alexander Cameron”, in “Contemporary Medical
Men and their Professional Work”, 2 volumes, Leicester Provincial Medical
Journal, (1888), Vol. 2, pp. 35-39. Reprinted in [1] pp. 175-181.
4. J. Cameron, “Sir Charles Alexander Cameron”, The Celtic Monthly, 2(12),
225-226, (1894), with 2 portraits.
5. Charles A. Cameron, “History of the Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland and
of the Irish Schools of Medicine; including numerous biographical sketches:
also a Medical Bibliography”, Fannin & Company, Dublin, (1886), pp. 443-
445. 2nd edition 1913.
6. E. Mac Thomas, “Sir Charles Alexander Cameron (1803-1921)”, Dublin
Historical Record, 22, 214-224, (1968). Note typographical error in title, 1803
for 1830.
7. W. J. Davis, “In Praise of Irish Chemists. Some Notable Nineteenth-Century
Chemists”, Proc. Roy. Irish Acad., 77A, 309-316, (1977).
8. D. Thorburn Burns, “Charles Alexander Cameron, Chemist, Physician and
Hygienist 1830-1921”, in C. Mollan. W. Davis and B. Finucane (eds.), “Irish
Inovators in Science and Technology”, Roy. Irish Acad., Dublin, (2002), p.
145.
9. C. Mollan, “It’s Part of What We Are”, 2 volumes, RDS, Dublin, (2007); “Sir
Charles Alexander Cameron (1830-1921)”, Vol. 2, pp. 992-1007, refs. 1644.
(a) 1005-1007.
10. L. M. Geary, “Sir Charles Alexander Cameron (1830-1921), public health
officer”, in Oxford Dictionary of National Biography”, Oxford, 2004-8, Vol.
??, pp. ????
11. B. Dyer, Obituary Notices, Charles Alexander Cameron”, Analyst, 46, 175-
176, (1921).
12. Anon., “Sir Charles Alexander Cameron, C.B., M.D., Medical Officer for
Health, Dublin”, Brit. Med. J., March 12, 1921, 405-406.
13. Anon., “Sir Charles Alexander Cameron”, J. and Proc. Inst. Chem. GB and
Ireland, Part 2, 160, (1921).
14. “Funeral of Sir Charles Cameron”, Irish Times, March 3, 1921, p. 7.
15. Sir Charles A. Cameron, “Report on the State of Public Health and the
Sanitary Work, Etc., Performed in Dublin During the Year 1914: also Fifty-
Third Annual Report upon the Analysis of Food, Drugs, Water, &.” , Sealy,
Bryers & Walker, Dublin, (1915).

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16. Letter from Charles Cameron to Edith Cameron, wife of Cameron’s son Ewen,
dated 16th. July, 1916. Copy in author’s collection along with the presentation
copy to Edith P. Cameron of Reminiscences.
17. Charles A. Cameron, “A Manual of Hygiene, Public and Private, and a
Compendium of Sanitary Laws,..”, Hodges, Foster & Co., Dublin; Baillière.
Tindall & Cox, London, (1874).
18. Charles A. Cameron, “On the results of the working of the Adulteration Acts
in Dublin”, Analyst, 18, 213-215, (1893).
19. Charles A. Cameron, “Results of Analyses of the Milk of Forty-Two Cows”,
Analyst, 6, 75-78, (1881).
20. The Society of Public Analysts and other Analytical Chemists, B. Dyer,
“Some Reminiscences of its First Fifty Years; C. Ainsworth Mitchell, “A
Review of its Activities”, W. Heffer & Sons, Cambridge, (1932). (a) pp. 40-
42; (b) pp. 36,38-40; (c) pp. 37-37; (d) pp. 53-54.
21. C. A. Cameron, “Presidents Annual Address”, Analyst, 19, 49-56, (1894).
22. C. A. Cameron, “Retiring Address of the President”, Analyst, 20, 25-30,
(1895).
23. “The Annual Dinner”, Analyst, 19, 57-62, (1894).
24. R. B. Pilcher, “History of the Institute: 1877-1914”, Institute of Chemistry of
Great Britain and Ireland, London, (1914), p. 149.
25. R. C. Chirnside and J. H. Hamence, “The Practising Chemists. A History of
the Society for Analytical Chemistry 1874-1974”, The Society for Analytical
Chemistry, London, (1974).
26. C. A. Russell, N. G. Coley and G. K. Roberts, “Chemists by Profession”, Open
University, (1977).
27. J. D. R. Thomas, “A History of the Analytical Division of the Royal Society of
Chemistry”, RSC, London, (1999).
28. “Official and Public Chemical Appointments”, Inst. Chem., London, (1910) p.
36.
29. Minutes of the Irish Analysts Association photocopy supplied by M. Walker.
30. Proc. Inst. Chem., Part II, (1910), 5.
31. Proc. Inst. Chem., Part II, (1910), 26.
32. Proc. Inst. Chem., Part III, (1913), 4-5.
33. Proc. Inst. Chem., Part II, (1912), 27-33.
34. Minute book, hand written copy of the letter, inserted as pages 32, 34, 36, 38
and 40.
35. Proc. Inst. Chem., Part III, (1913), 10.
36. Proc. Inst. Chem., Part II, (1921), 91.
37. Proc. Inst. Chem., Part II, (1922), 81.
38. W. J. Brennan-Whitmore, “With the Irish in Frongoch”, Talbot Press, Dublin,
(1917).
39. Charles A. Cameron and Edmund W. Davy, “On some hitherto undescribed
compounds of selenium”, Trans. Roy. Irish Acad., 28 (part 2), 1881, 137-158.
40. Council Minutes, Royal Irish Academy, Monday 2nd December 1878.
41. Charles A. Cameron and J. Macallan, “On the Compounds of Ammonia with
Selenium Dioxide”, Proc. Roy. Soc., 44, 1888, 112-115.

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42. Charles A. Cameron and J. Macallan, “Researches in the Chemistry of Selenic

Acid and other Selenium Compounds”, Proc. Roy. Soc., 46, 1889, 13-35.
43. M. Norgate and A. Wykes, “Not so Savage”, Jupiter Books, London, (1976),
p. 128.
44. Dod’s Peerage, “Representative British Freemasons”, Dod’s Peerage, London,
(1915), pp., 32-33. Facsimile edition, Kessinger Publishing, Whitefish,
Montana, (2003).

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Table I
Publications in Journals and Serials by C. A. Cameron
1. “On Urea as a Direct Source of Nitrogen to Vegetation”, Report Brit. Assn.
Adv. Sci. Part 2, 1857, 44-45.
2. “On the Sources of Nitrogen in Plants”, Chemical News, 2, 1860, 145-146.
3. “On the non-existence of combinations of Hydrogen with Iron and Zinc”,
Chemical News, 2, 1860, 272.
4. “On Bunsen and Kirchoff’s Method of Spectrum Analysis”, Chemical News,
4, 1861, 303-304.
5. “Contributions towards a knowledge of the Inorganic Constituents of Plants”,
Chemical News. 5, 1862, 256-258, 282-284, 298-299, 314-316 and 324-325.
6. “On the influence of food upon the intellect”, Dublin Hosp. Gaz., VIII, 1861,
289-294.
7. “On the chemical composition and fertilizing value of the sewage of Dublin”,
[1865.] Dublin Soc. Journal, IV, 1866, 397-417.
8. “On the composition of milk of the Sow”, Chemical News, 19, 1869, 217.
9. “On the Therapeutic Properties of Ferric Iodate”, Dublin. Quart. Jour. Med.
Sci., 47, 1869, 354-358.
10. “Half Yearly Report on Public Health”, Dublin Quart. Jour. Med. Sci., 48,
1869, 606-643.
11. “On the substitution of Rubidia for Potash in plants”, [1867] Dublin Soc.
Journal, V, 1870, 85-89.
12. “Death from Inhalation of Chlorine”, Dublin Quart. Jour. Med. Sci., 49, 1870,
116-117.
13. “Half Yearly Report on Public Health”, Dublin Quart. Jour. Med. Sci., 49,
1870, 407-427.
14. “Half Yearly Report on Public Health”, Dublin Quart. Jour. Med. Sci., 50,
1870, 420-440.
15. Note on A. Baruchson’s paper on The Beet-Root Sugar Manufacture in
Ireland, Sci. Proc. Royal Dublin Soc., 5, 1870, 364.
16. “New apparatus for the Analyses of Carbonates”, Chemical News, 21, 1870,
104.
17. “Report on Poisonous and Adulterated Confectionary”, Dublin Quart. Jour.
Med. Sci., 51, 1871, 150-155.
18. “Amount of tannin in Valonia”, Chemical News, 23, 1871, 47.
19. “Assimilation of Kreatine by Plants”, Chemical News, 24, 1871, 273
20. “Is the flesh of diseased animals wholesome food?” , Dublin Quart. Jour. Med.
Sci., LI, 1871, 69-80.
21. “Half Yearly Report on Public Health”, Dublin Quart. Jour. Med. Sci., LI,
1871, 475-498.
22. “Half Yearly Report on Public Health”, Dublin Quart. Jour. Med. Sci., LII,
1871, 457-493.
23. “Half Yearly Report on Public Health”, Dublin Quart. Jour. Med. Sci., 53,
1872, 394-425.

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24. “On the Application of Gases as a Means of Destroying Contagion”, Dublin

Quart. Jour. Med. Sci., 53, 1872, 485-505.
25. “On Disinfection”, Dublin Quart. Jour. Med. Sci., 54, 1872, 57-60,
26. “Half Yearly Report on Public Health”, Dublin Quart. Jour. Med. Sci., 54,
1872, 398-416.
27. “Half Yearly Report on Public Health”, Dublin Quart. Jour. Med. Sci., 55,
1873, 527-546.
28. “Half Yearly Report on Public Health”, Dublin Quart. Jour. Med. Sci., 56,
1873, 385-412.
29. “On Butter”, Chemical News, 28, 1873, 57
30. “Unusual amount of ammonia in so-called Spa water at Portobello, near
Dublin”, Chemical News, 27, 1873, 6.
31. “Amount of Carbonic Acid in the Air of Canal Boats”, Chemical News, 30,
1874, 169-170.
32. “Half Yearly Report on Public Health”, Dublin Quart. Jour. Med. Sci., 58,
1874, 410-448.
33. “Half Yearly Report on Public Health”, Dublin Quart. Jour. Med. Sci., 60,
1875, 63-71; 143-154.
34. “Note on M. Ville’s Experiments shewing the Assimilation of Certain
Nitrogenous Substances by Plants”, Chemical News, 31, 1875, 6.
35. “Some points in the chemistry of milk”, Chemical News, 31, 1875, 54-55.
36. “Half Yearly Report on Public Health”, Dublin Quart. Jour. Med. Sci., 61,
1876, 34-52.
37. “On a form of insanity which may be termed toxiphobia”, Dublin Journ. Med.
Sci., 61, 1876, 97-101.
38. “Half Yearly Report on Public Health”, 62, 1876, 133-145; 233-240.
39. “On mercuric iodate; its preparation and reactions”, [1876.] Analyst, 1, 1877,
95-97; Chemical News, 33, 1876, 253, 272
40. “Peroxide of hydrogen as a hair dye or bleacher”, Chemical News, 33, 1876,
16.
41. “Note on the occasional occurrence of cane sugar on port wine and sherry
wine, supplied to Irish Workhouses”, Analyst, 1, 1876, 99.
42. “Estimation of colour in water”, Chemical News, 34, 1876, 77.
43. “On a Form of Insanity which may be termed Toxiphobia”, Chemical News,
35, 1877, 231.
44. “Adulteration in Dublin”, Analyst, 2, 1877, 43-44.
45. “Half Yearly Report on Public Health”, Dublin Quart. Jour. Med. Sci., 63,
1877, 66-78.
46. “Half Yearly Report on Public Health”, Dublin Quart. Jour. Med. Sci., 64,
1887, 526-549.
47. C. A. Cameron and E. W. Davy, “Action of heat on the selenate of
ammonium”, Chemical News, 38, 1878, 133.
48. “On the inconstant composition of well waters”, Analyst, 3, 1878, 337.
49. “Note on the estimation of lead as plumbic iodate”, Analyst, 3, 1878, 338.
50. “Estimation of lead as iodate”, Chemical News, 38, 1878, 145.
51. “Some points in the chemistry of milk”, Dublin Soc. Jour., 7, 1878, 232-237.

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52. “On an impervious material for damp courses in houses”, Dublin Soc. Jour., 7,
1878, 273-277.
53. “Half Yearly Report on Public Health”, Dublin Quart. Jour. Med. Sci., 66,
1878, 123-139.
54. “Amount of solids in milk”, Analyst, 4, 1879, 11.
55. “On the falsifications of milk”, Analyst, 4, 1879, 49-50.
56. “Half Yearly Report on Public Health”, Dublin Jour. Med. Sci., 67, 1879, 136-
151.
57. “Report on an Epidemic of Fever Caused by Infected Milk”, Dublin Jour.
Med. Sci., 68, 1879, 1-24.
58. “Half Yearly Report on Public Health”, Dunlin Quart. Jour. Med. Sci., 68,
1879, 236-251.
59. “On Abortive and Mild Typhoid Fever”, Dublin Jour. Med. Sci., 68, 1887,
368-370.
60. “Notes on Pathology of Urine”, The Lancet, 2, 1888, 766.
61. “Half Yearly Report on Public Health”, Dublin Jour. Med. Sci., 69, 1880, 414-
440.
62. “On the abnormal composition of a crop of hay”, Dublin Soc. Sci. Proc., 2,
1880, 101-104.
63. “Preliminary note on the absorption of selenium by plants”, [1879.] Dublin
Soc. Sci. Proc., 2, 1880, 231-233; Chemical News, 39, 1879, 243.
64. “On the action of water upon mercuric sulphate”, Dublin Soc. Sci. Proc., 2,
1880, 597-599; Analyst, 5, 1880, 144-146.
65. C. A. Cameron and E. W. Davy, “On some hitherto undescribed compounds of
selenium”, Trans. Roy. Irish Acad., 28 (part 1), 1881, 137-158; Chemical
News, 44, 1881, 63-64.
66. “Results on the analyses of the milk of forty-two cows”, Analyst, 6, 1881, 75-
78.
67. “Half Yearly Report on Public Health”, Dublin Quart. Jour. Med. Sci., 72,
1881, 51-67.
68. “On the Composition of the Milk of Forty-two Cows”, Dublin Soc. Sci. Proc.,
3, 1881-1882, 125-132.
69. “On Sewage in Oysters”, Chemical News, 44, 1881, 52.
70. “On the physiological activity of super-oxygenated molecules, especially those
of quinine iodate and bromate”, Chemical News, 45, 1882, 227-228.
71. “Half Yearly Report on Public Health”, Dublin Quart. Jour. Med. Sci., 73,
1882, 112-129.
72. “On the therapeutic properties of quinine iodate and bromate; and on the
physiological activity of superoxidised molecules”, Dublin Jour. Med. Sci., 73,
1882, 472-479.
73. “On the poisonous properties of borax and nitre”, Dublin Jour. Med. Sci., 74,
1882, 386-388.
74. “Half Yearly Report on Public Health”, Dublin Quart. Jour. Med Sci., 74,
1882, 481-499.
75. “Opening Address to Sub-Section State Medicine, Academy of Medicine of
Ireland”, Dublin Quart. Jour. Med. Sci., 75, 1883, 266-267.

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76. “Note on Diabetic Urine with Low Specific Gravity”, Dublin Quart. Jour.
Med. Sci., 75, 1883, 295-296.
77. “Asiatic cholera and its invasions from Europe”, Dublin Jour. Med. Sci., 76,
1883, 81-104.
78. “Half Yearly Report on Public Health”, Dublin Quart. Jour. Med. Sci., 76,
1883, 394-420.
79. “On the Composition of Milk of Forty-two Cows”, [1881.] Dublin Soc. Sci.
Proc., 3, 1883, 125-132.
80. “Results of the Analyses of the Milk of Forty-two Cows”, Analyst, 6, 1883,
75-78.
81. “Antiseptic experiments in a mortuary vault”, Chemical News, 49, 1884, 215-
216.
82. “On the Hygiene in Irish Public Schools”, Dublin Quart. Jour. Med. Sci., 77,
1884, 120-129.
83. “On Some Antiseptic Experiments in a Mortuary Vault”, Dublin Quart. Jour.
Med. Sci., 77, 1884, 408-410.
84. “Half Yearly Report on Public Health”, Dublin Quart. Jour. Med. Sci., 77,
1884, 528-548.
85. “Report of lecture on “Antiseptic Experiments…””, Dublin Jour. Med. Sci.,
78, 1884, 72-74.
86. “On the Water Supplies to Irish Towns”, Dublin Jour. Med. Sci., 78, 1884,
369-390.
87. “On micro-organisms and alkaloids which render food poisonous”, Dublin
Jour. Med. Sci., 78, 1884, 473-490.
88. “Half Yearly Report on Public Health”, Dublin Jour. Med. Sci., 79, 1885, 144-
149; 228-243.
89. “Note on the Operation in Dublin of the Acts relating to Adulteration”,
Analyst, 10, 1885, 175-179.
90. “On the Results of the Application of the Laws Relating to the Adulteration of
Food and Drugs”, Dublin Jour. Med. Sci., 80, 1885, 155-158.
91. “On the Anatomical Knowledge and Original Discoveries of Irish Surgeons”,
Dublin Jour. Med. Sci., 80, 1885, 453-468.
92. “Half Yearly Report on Public Health”, Dublin Jour. Med. Sci., 82, 1886, 396-
417.
93. “On the toxicity of silicon fluoride”, Dublin Jour. Med. Sci., 83, 1887, 20-26.
Note on publication in pamphlet format in Chemical News, 55, 1887, 46.
94. “On the Clearance of an Unhealthy Area, Under the Provisions of the Public
Health Act”, Dublin Jour. Med. Sci., 83, 1887, 326-333.
95. “A Visit to the Claret country: Cheap Wine for the People”, Dublin Jour. Med.
Sci., 84, 1887, 367-373.
96. “Arsenic in Glauber’s Salt: Its Toxic Effect”, Analyst, 12, 1887, 32-33.
97. T. W. Grimshaw and Charles A. Cameron, “The Distribution of Enteric Fever
in the City of Dublin”, Dublin Jour. Med. Sci., 85, 1888, 447-450; Trans.
Royal Acad. Med. Ireland, 6, 1888, 442-451.
98. “Half Yearly Report on Public Health”, Dublin Jour. Med. Sci., 86, 1888, 219-
238.

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99. C. A. Cameron and J. Macallan, “On the compounds of ammonia with

selenium dioxide”, Proc. Roy. Soc., 44, 1888, 112-115; Chemical News, 56,
163-168.
100. “Half Yearly Report on Public Health”, Dublin Jour. Med. Sci., 87, 1889, 519-
534.
101. “Tuberculosis in Fowl”, Dublin Jour. Med. Sci., 88, 1889, 166-169.
102. “Half Yearly Report on Public Health”, Dublin Jour. Med. Sci., 88, 1889, 332-
340; 420-429.
103. C. A. Cameron and J. Macallan, “Researches in the chemistry of selenic acid
and other selenium compounds”, [1889.] Proc. Roy. Soc., 46, 1890, 13-35;
Dublin Jour. Med. Sci., 88, 1889, 111-123, 213-224; Chemical News, 59,
1889, 219-220.
104. “Half Yearly Report on Public Health”, Dublin Jour. Med. Sci., 90, 1890, 230-
252.
105. “Note on Illness Caused Apparently by Aniline Coloured Sweetmeats”, Dublin
Jour. Med. Sci., 91, 1891, 266-267.
106. “Report on Public Health”, Dublin Jour. Med. Sci., 92, 1891, 63-76.
107. “Corrected Death-rates in the Great Towns”, Dublin Jour. Med. Sci., 92, 1891,
347-351.
108. “Note on the Cause of the Colour of Milk”, Chemical News, 66, 1892, 187.
109. “On the Action of Phosphine on Selenium Dioxide”, Chemical News, 66,
1892, 271.
110. “Report on Public Health”, Dublin Jour. Med. Sci., 94, 1892, 59-75; 143-165.
111. “The Victorian Era, the Age of Sanitation”, Dublin Jour. Med. Sci., 94, 1892,
289-313.
112. “Note on the action of phosphine on selenium dioxide”, [1892.] Dublin Soc.
Sci. Proc., 8, 1893-98, 11.
113. “On the results of the workings of the Adulteration Acts in Dublin”, Analyst,
18, 1893, 213-214.
114. “Report on Public Health”, Dublin Jour. Med. Sci., 95, 1893, 412-430.
115. “Arithmetic, Geometric, Harmonic and Quadratic Means”, Dublin Jour. Med.
Sci., 97, 1894, 381-388.
116. “Report on Public Health”, Dublin Jour. Med. Sci., 97, 1894, 428-438.
117. “Report on Public Health.”, Dublin Jour. Med. Sci., 98, 1894, 338-350; 430-
439; 520-538.
118. “President’s Annual Address” Analyst, 19, 1894, 49-57.
119. “Report of Annual Dinner”, Analyst, 19, 1894, 57-62.
120. C. A. Cameron and E. J. McWeeney, “On an organism found in water which is
supposed to have caused an outbreak of typhoid fever”, Jour. State Med., 2,
1894, 89-94; Dublin Jour. Med. Sci., 98, 1894, 193-198.
121. “Report on Public Health”, Dublin Jour. Med. Sci., 100, 1895, 311-326.
122. “Retiring Address of the President, Sir Charles A. Cameron, M. D.”, Analyst,
20, 1895, 25-30.
123. “Note on unusual specimens of milk”, Analyst, 20, 1895, 111.
124. “On the Isolation of Fever Patients”, Dublin Jour. Med. Sci., 100, 1895, 500-
511.

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125. “Report on Public Health”, Dublin Jour. Med. Sci., 101, 1895, 530-547.
126. “An Outbreak of Enteric Fever Probably Due to Infected Milk”, Dublin Jour.
Med. Sci., 102, 1896, 97-99.
127. “Report on Public Health”, Dublin Jour. Med. Sci., 102, 1896, 240-250.
128. “Note on ammunition bread”, Analyst, 21, 1896, 255.
129. “Why, what, and when we eat”, Jour. Sanitary Institute of G.B., 17, 1896-7,
336-339.
130. “Some Vital and Mortal Statistics of Dublin”, Jour. Sanitary Institute of G.B.,
17, 1896-7, 447- 451.
131. “The Recent Failure of Hospital Accommodation in Dublin”, Dunlin Jour.
Med. Sci., 194, 1897, 237-242.
132. “Report on Public Health”, Dublin Jour. Med. Sci., 104, 1897, 409-426.
133. “Note on Ballardvale Lithia Water”, Dublin Jour. Med. Sci., 105, 1898, 95-96.
134. “Report on Public Health”, Dublin Jour. Med. Sci., 105, 1898, 338-349.
135. “Presidential Address to the Congress of Public Health, held under the
auspices of the Royal Institute of Public Health, Dublin 1898”, Dublin Jour.
Med. Sci., 106, 1898, 193-215.
136. “Report on Public Health”, Dublin Jour. Med. Sci., 107, 1899, 442-451.
137. “Localised Outbreaks of Typhoid Fever Apparently due to Infected Milk”,
Dublin Jour. Med. Sci., 108, 1899, 330-334.
138. C. A. Cameron and W. R. Smith, “The composition of brandy”, Jour. State
Med., 7, 1899, 317-324.
139. “The Role of the Municipality in Public Health”, 109, 1900, 172-186.
140. “On commercial pepsin”, Pharm. Jour., 10, 1900, 570-571; Dublin Jour. Med.
Sci., 1009, 1900, 409-412.
141. “Report on Public Health”, Dublin Jour. Med. Sci., 111, 1901, 359-376.
142. “Compulsory Notification of Tuberculosis”, Dublin Jour. Med. Sci., 111,
1901, 455-462.
143. “Report on Public Health”, Dublin Jour. Med. Sci., 112, 1901, 368-377; 441-
451.
144. “Some Notes on the Analysis of Drugs”, Analyst, 27, 1902, 87-88.
145. “Inspection of Dairy Sheds”, Dublin Jour. Med. Sci., 114, 1902, 144-145.
146. “On Some Controversial Points in Preventive Medicine”, Dublin Jour. Med.
Sci., 114, 1902, 161-180.
147. “Report on Public Health”, Dublin Jour. Med. Sci., 114, 1902, 433-444.
148. “Note on a Curious Epitaph”, Dublin Jour. Med. Sci., 115, 1903, 79-80.
149. “On an Outbreak of Typhus Fever”, Dublin Jour. Med. Sci., 115, 1903, 89-93.
150. “Report on Public Health”, Dublin Jour. Med. Sci., 116, 1903, 206-227; 263-
280.
151. “Report on Public Health”, Dublin Jour. Med. Sci., 117, 1904, 373-381; 444-
456.
152. “Report on Public Health”, Dublin Jour. Med. Sci., 118, 1904, 209-223.
153. “Report on Public Health”, Dublin Jour. Med. Sci., 120, 1905, 111-131.
154. “Report on Public Health”, Dublin Jour. Med. Sci., 122, 1906, 142-147.
155. “Dairy Hygiene”, Jour. Preventive Med., 14, 1907, 733-737.

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156. “Report on an A Outbreak of Typhus Fever Caused by Infected Milk”, Dublin

Jour. Med. Sci., 127, 1909, 259-283.

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Table 2
Books, Pamphlets and Reports by C. A. Cameron
1. “Chemistry of agriculture: the food of plants: including the composition,
properties and adulteration of manures”, W. B. Kelly, Dublin, 1857, pp. 144.
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