Volume 6, Issue 1, January – 2021 International Journal of Innovative Science and Research Technology

ISSN No:-2456-2165

Environmental Impacts of Hotel and Restaurant

Establishments in Cabanatuan City: A Case Study
KELVIN JULIUS A. NUEDA
College of Management & Business Technology
Hospitality and Tourism Management Department
Nueva Ecija University of Science & Technology
Cabanatuan City 3100 Philippines

Abstract:- Sustainable hospitality and tourism are not Environment is the biotic and abiotic surrounding of
just rising industry trend. It’s also quickly becoming a an organism or population, and consequently includes the
top priority — if not a moral imperative — for factors that have an influence in their survival, development
hospitality leaders and hotel businesses around the and evolution.There are some types of environmental
world. Beyond the noble goal of environment protection impacts such as land deprivation that occurs when the value
there are economic factors driving the industry trend of the biophysical setting is affected by a mixture of human-
toward sustainability as well. This study was intended to induced processes acting upon the land.(Conacher 1995)
determine the environmental impacts of selected Hotel
and Restaurant establishments in Cabanatuan City. Waste pollution, according to the Basel Convention on
With the effort of researcher, the result of the study the Control of Transboundary Movements of Hazardous
highlights information dissemination and awareness to Wastes and Their disposal, art.2(1), “Wastes” are substance
the current hotel and restaurant owners and future or objects, which are disposed of or are intended to be
people who would like to venture in this industry what disposed of or are required to be disposed of by the
are the impacts that might affect the environment if provisions of national law.
improper practices employ within the establishment’s
operations and could guide managers and supervisors in Air pollution occurs when dangerousmaterials
making plan and implementation of rules and guidelines including particulates and biological molecules are present
throughout the operations. Quantitative research was into earth’s atmosphere. It may rootto illnesses, allergies and
carried out in this study and was piloted in selected also death of humans; it may also cause damage to other
Barangay in Cabanatuan City with hotel and restaurant living organisms such as animals and crops, and may harm
establishments. The researcher used structured the usual or assembled environment. Human action and
questionnaires to conduct the survey and collect the data natural processes can both produce air pollution.Indoor air
needed. Findings shows that the hotel and restaurant contamination and poor urban air quality are registered as
establishments within the selected area of Cabanatuan two of the world’s worst toxic pollution problems in the
City doesn’t contribute to the listed negative 2008Blacksmith Institute World’s Worst Polluted places
environmental effects, instead they help to develop and report. According to the 2014 World Health Organization
improved the public infrastructure, accessibility and report, air pollution in 2012 caused the deaths around 7
delivery of public service within the area. After million people worldwide, an estimate roughly echoed by
formulation of conclusions, the researcher recommends one from the International Energy Agency.(National
to conduct further study that will help to sustain the Geographic Org.)
current positive impacts and prevent the negative
impacts from happening in the operations of the hotel Water pollution affects the entire biosphere of plants
and restaurant establishment within the areas. and organisms living in these water bodies, as well as
organisms and plants that might be exposed to the water. In
Keywords:- Environmental Impacts, Hotel, Restaurant. almost all cases the affect is damaging not only to individual
species and populations, but also to the natural biological
I. INTRODUCTION communities.

Over the past several years, hospitality and tourism According to (Jerry A. Nathanson) Land pollution is
industry have turned their concentration to the status of the demonstration of solid or liquid waste ingredients on
sustainability in the industry operations as it relates to the land or underground in a manner that can contaminate the
development and upliftment, including the ecological, soil and groundwater, threaten communitywell-being, and
financial and societal impact. Sustainability is one of the cause unattractivedisorders and nuisances.
most significant issues currently facing our world. (Stottler,
2018). Noise pollution also identified as environmental law, is
the circulation of sound with damagingeffect not only to the
activity of human but also to animal’s life. The source of

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Volume 6, Issue 1, January – 2021 International Journal of Innovative Science and Research Technology
ISSN No:-2456-2165
outdoor soundor noise around the world is mainly caused by  Land development,
machineries, transportation and transportation  Pollution, and
systems. Poor urban planning may give increase to noise  Ecosystem
pollution, side-by-side industrial and residential
constructions can result in noise pollution in the residential In this study the researcher asked the citizens around
areas. Studiesproposes that noise pollution is the higher in the selected locations in Cabanatuan City about the
low-income and racial minority areas. Recorded problems environmental impacts that might cause by establishments
related with urban environment noise go back as far as early within the location.
Rome. (Wikipedia)
III. RESEARCH METHOD
Ecosystems are controlled both by external and
internal factors. External factors such as climate, the parent Descriptive research is used to describe characteristics
material that forms the soil, and topography control the of a population being studied. It does not answer questions
overall structure of an ecosystem and the way things work about how/when/why the characteristics occurred. Rather it
within it, but are not themselves influenced by the addresses the "what" question. The study is based on survey
ecosystem. Other external factors include time and potential and questionnaire answered by people near in selected hotel
biota. and restaurant establishments. A purposive sampling was
employed in the study, this sampling referred to as a
This research is entirely about environmental impacts judgmental or expert sample, that was type of
of selected hotel and restaurant establishment in Cabanatuan nonprobability sample. The main objective of a purposive
City. Cabanatuan city is a first-class city in Neva Ecija sample is to produce a sample that can be logically assumed
which has numerous hospitality and tourism establishments to be representative of the population. This is often
like hotels and restaurants. Harvest Hotel in Brgy. Sangitan accomplished by applying expert knowledge of the
West, Top Star Hotel in Brgy. H-Conception, La Parilla population to select in a nonrandom manner a sample of
Hotel in Brgy. Zuleta, and the Microtel in Brgy. Sta. Arcadia elements that represents a cross-section of the population.
along with the restaurants in Brgy. Kapitan Pepe and Brgy.
General Tinio Street Extension and some other places IV. FINDINGS
scattered within the Cabanatuan City.
1. To describe the environmental impacts of selected hotel
Through this study, the researcher looks forward to and restaurant establishment in Cabanatuan city in terms
sought what are the environmental impacts of selected hotel of:
and restaurant in Cabanatuan city. Hotel and restaurant a. Land development,
industries most of the time indirectly affect the quality of the b. Pollution, and
environment either uncontrolled or mismanaged c. Ecosystem
environmental development that could lead to adverse
impacts. The findings of the study presented the responses on
the environmental impacts of selected hotel and restaurant
II. OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY establishment in Cabanatuan city in terms of Land
Development, Pollution and Ecosystem.
1. Describe the environmental impacts of selected hotel and
restaurant establishment in Cabanatuan city in terms of:

Table 1
A. Land Development WM VI
1. Hotel and Restaurant establishments situated in the location occupied a large part of residental community
2.43 Disagree
hereby converting it to commercial land.
2. Hotel and restaurant establishments situated in the location help to improve the public infrastructure of the
2.74 Agree
community.
3. Hotel and restaurant establishments situated in the location help to improve the public service building in
2.75 Agree
your community.
4. Hotel and restaurant establishments in your location destroy the beauty of the landscape in your community. 2.35 Disagree

Table 1 presented the results of the Environmental community hereby converting it to commercial land’ and
impacts of selected hotel and restaurant in Cabanatuan City “destroy the beauty of the landscape in the community”
in terms of Land Development. The respondents “agreed” which are positive indications that these establishments
that the hotel and restaurant establishments within their mentioned above doesn’t contribute to negative impacts on
areas help to improve the public infrastructure of the environment instead bring positive development to the
community and to improve the public service building in the community.
community. The respondents also gave the answer
“disagreed” in the items“the hotel and restaurant
establishments occupied a large part of residential

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Volume 6, Issue 1, January – 2021 International Journal of Innovative Science and Research Technology
ISSN No:-2456-2165
Table 2 roads and infrastructures, and of hospitality facilities,
B. Pollution WM VI including hotels and restaurants. The negative impacts of
1. Hotel and Restaurant hospitality and tourism development can gradually destroy
establishments produce water 2.39 Disagree environmental resources on which it depends. On the other
pollutants. hand, these industries have the potential to create beneficial
2. Hotel and restaurant effects on the environment by contributing to environmental
establishments produce air 2.35 Disagree protection and conservation. It is a way to raise awareness of
pollutants. environmental values and it can serve as a tool to finance
3. Hotel and restaurant protection of natural areas and increase their economic
establishments situated in your importance.
2.13 Disagree
location produce noise, cause
littering and congestion. The study found out that selected hotel and restaurants
4. Hotel and restaurant establishments in Cabanatuan City doesn’t impacts
establishments in your location 2.35 Disagree environment negatively but instead bring improvements to
produce large quantity of waste. the development of the location and selected areas.

Table 2 shows the Environmental impacts of selected RECOMMENDATION

hotel and restaurant in Cabanatuan City in terms of
Pollution. The respondents “disagreed” in all items It is recommended that further studies can also be
pertaining that the hotel and restaurant within selected areas conducted to determine ways to consistently protect the
of Cabanatuan City produces different types of pollution, environment by continuously not contributing to the
thus express that these establishments don’t contribute to the pollutions of the areas of the operations of these hotel and
degradation and doesn’t hurt the environment because of restaurant establishment.
mismanaged operations and malpractices.
Further studies can be conducted to find out ways to
Table 3 preserve the ecosystem and enrich the vegetation of the
C. Ecosystem WM VI location and instead brings beautification of the
surroundings.
1. Hotel and restaurant
establishments in the location
It is also recommended that research on planning of
contribute to the negative effect on 2.31 Disagree
hospitality and tourism commercial establishment land
vegetation and loss of trees and green
zoning should be prioritized to bring positive impacts in
space.
environment in terms of land development.
2. Hotel and restaurant
establishments situated in the
REFERENCES
location contributed to preservation
2.5 Disagree
of the natural environment and [1]. Stottler Tracy, The Importance of Sustainability in
protection of wildlife in your Hospitality Industry, DANA, June11, 2018,
community. https://www.danacommunications.com/importance-of-
sustainability-in-the-hospitality-industry/
Table 3 shows the Environmental impacts of selected [2]. Conacher, Arthur; Conacher, Jeanette (1995). Rural
hotel and restaurant in Cabanatuan City in terms of Land Degradation in Australia. South Melbourne,
Ecosystem. The respondents both “disagreed” in all points Victoria: Oxford University Press Australia.
relating to the contribution of hotel and restaurant within p. 2. ISBN 0-19-553436-0.
selected areas of Cabanatuan City to the negative effect on [3]. Air Pollution, National GeographicOrg, National
vegetation and loss of trees and green space; and the Geographic Headquarters 1145 17th Street NW
contribution to the preservation of the natural environment Washington, DC 20036.
and protection of wildlife in the community. Thereby, https://www.nationalgeographic.org/encyclopedia/air-
respondents don’t observe negative impacts but also doesn’t pollution/
contribute to the preservation of the ecosystem within the [4]. Nathanson, Jerry A., Land Pollution, Britannica, 2017,
areas of their operation. https://www.britannica.com/science/land-pollution
[5]. Senate Public Works Committee. Noise Pollution and
V. CONCLUSIONS Abatement Act of 1972. S. Rep. No. 1160, 92nd
Congress. 2nd session
The value of the environment, both natural and man-
made, is essential to hospitality and tourism industry.
However, the bond of hospitality and tourism businesses
with the environment is complex. It involves many activities
that can have adverse environmental effects. Countless of
these impacts are linked with the land development such as

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