MIRPUR UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
DEPARMENT OF SOFTWARE ENGINEERING
Server-side Scripting – PHP
(lecture # 13)
Engr. Muhammad Raees
(Lecturer)
Date: April 23, 2020
LECTURE CONTENTS
• Server side Scripting
• PHP Language
• Syntax
• Variables
• Conditions
Web Design & Development 3
Website Structure
1. Request Content
2. Get response back
• Additionally,
• Execute a script in the client
side
• Execute a script in the server
side
• Calculate something
• Retrieve data from a
database
• Execute script in the client side
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Web Design & Development
Server-side Script
• Computer programs on the web that are executed server-side
• Usually used to provide interactive web sites that interface to databases or other
data stores
• PHP
• ASP
• Perl
• Ruby
• JSP
• For this course, PHP along with Laravel platform is used
Web Design & Development 5
PHP
• PHP: Pre-processor Hypertext
• Originally called “Personal Home Page Tools”
• Used to create dynamic web pages
• Popular server-side scripting technology
• Open-source
• Anyone may view, modify and redistribute source code
• Platform independent
• Interpreted language, scripts are parsed at run-time rather than compiled
beforehand
• Compatible with many popular databases
• Structurally similar to C/C++
• Supports procedural and object-oriented paradigm
6
Web Design & Development
PHP – HTML Amalgam
• PHP code can be embedded with HTML code
• HTML can also be written inside the PHP code
• PHP can also be written as a standalone program with no HTML at all
• PHP code is denoted in the page with opening and closing tags, as follows:
• <?php and ?>
• <? or ?>
• PHP statements end with a semicolon
• Comments can be added as
• // for one line comment
• /* and */ for multiple lines comment
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Development Tools
• PHP requires set of tools to run
• A web server (WAMPP, XAMPP, etc)
• PHP
• MySQL
• Additionally Laravel and others for standardized development
• Editor
• Any text editor or a specialized IDE can be used
• File have the .php extension
• The usual director for the project
• C:\wamp\htdocs\
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Language – Constants
• A constant is a placeholder for a value that you reference within your code that is
formally defined before using it
• Must begin with a letter or an underscore
• Case sensitive
• Named using all capital letters
• PHP function define() is used to assign a value to a constant
• define(“name”, “value”);
Web Design & Development 9
Language – Variables
• Begin with $ sign
• First character must be a letter or underscore
• Remaining characters may be letters, numbers or underscores
• Don’t need to declare or initialize
• Case sensitive
• Data types does not require to be declare explicitly
• Supports
• Float, integer, boolean, string, array, object
• $name= “ali”; $age=20;
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Language – Type
• The gettype() function returns the type of the provided variable
• The settype() function converts a variable to the type specified by type
• A number of functions are available for determining a variable’s type
• is_array()
• is_bool()
• is_float()
• is_integer()
• is_null()
• is_numeric()
• is_string()
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Language – Operators
• Arithmetic Operators: • Logical Operators:
• +, - ,*, /, % • AND, OR, NOT
• Assignment Operators: • &&, ||, !
• = • Equality Operators:
• += ($a +=$b ), *= , /= • ==, !=, ===
• .= ($a .= $b) • Comparison Operators:
• String Operators: • >, <, <=, >=
• . , .=
• $a=“abcd”.”efgh”; $a=abcdefgh
• $a.=“ijk”; $a=abcdefghijk
• Increment/decrement Operators:
• ++,--
• $b=$a++
• $b=++$a
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Language – Conditionals
• if statement:
• if(condition) • switch statement:
• switch(variable)
•{
• {
•}
• case option:
• if-else statement: • action
• if(condition) • break;
• { } • .
• else • .
• { } • }
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References
• Chapter 5, “Beginning PHP and MySQL” by W. Jason Gilmore, Apress publisher,
4th edition; 2010, ISBN-13 (electronic): 978-1-4302-3115-8.
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THANKS
