Container Database (CDB)
--------------------------
STARTUP [NOMOUNT | MOUNT | RESTRICT | UPGRADE | FORCE | READ ONLY]
SHUTDOWN [IMMEDIATE | ABORT]
Pluggable Database (PDB)
--------------------------
STARTUP FORCE;
STARTUP OPEN READ WRITE [RESTRICT];
STARTUP OPEN READ ONLY [RESTRICT];
STARTUP UPGRADE;
SHUTDOWN [IMMEDIATE];
STARTUP FORCE;
SHUTDOWN IMMEDIATE;
STARTUP OPEN READ WRITE RESTRICT;
SHUTDOWN;
STARTUP;
SHUTDOWN IMMEDIATE;
ALTER PLUGGABLE DATABASE
--------------------------
The following commands are available to open and close the current PDB when
connected to the PDB as a privileged user.
ALTER PLUGGABLE DATABASE OPEN READ WRITE [RESTRICTED] [FORCE];
ALTER PLUGGABLE DATABASE OPEN READ ONLY [RESTRICTED] [FORCE];
ALTER PLUGGABLE DATABASE OPEN UPGRADE [RESTRICTED];
ALTER PLUGGABLE DATABASE CLOSE [IMMEDIATE];
Some examples are shown below.
ALTER PLUGGABLE DATABASE OPEN READ ONLY FORCE;
ALTER PLUGGABLE DATABASE CLOSE IMMEDIATE;
ALTER PLUGGABLE DATABASE OPEN READ WRITE;
ALTER PLUGGABLE DATABASE CLOSE IMMEDIATE;
The following commands are available to open and close one or more PDBs when
connected to the CDB as a privileged user.
ALTER PLUGGABLE DATABASE <pdd-name-clause> OPEN READ WRITE [RESTRICTED]
[FORCE];
ALTER PLUGGABLE DATABASE <pdd-name-clause> OPEN READ ONLY [RESTRICTED] [FORCE];
ALTER PLUGGABLE DATABASE <pdd-name-clause> OPEN UPGRADE [RESTRICTED];
ALTER PLUGGABLE DATABASE <pdd-name-clause> CLOSE [IMMEDIATE];
Some examples are shown below.
ALTER PLUGGABLE DATABASE pdb1, pdb2 OPEN READ ONLY FORCE;
ALTER PLUGGABLE DATABASE pdb1, pdb2 CLOSE IMMEDIATE;
ALTER PLUGGABLE DATABASE ALL OPEN;
ALTER PLUGGABLE DATABASE ALL CLOSE IMMEDIATE;
ALTER PLUGGABLE DATABASE ALL EXCEPT pdb1 OPEN;
ALTER PLUGGABLE DATABASE ALL EXCEPT pdb1 CLOSE IMMEDIATE;
Pluggable Database (PDB) Automatic Startup
-------------------------------------------
CREATE OR REPLACE TRIGGER open_pdbs
AFTER STARTUP ON DATABASE
BEGIN
EXECUTE IMMEDIATE 'ALTER PLUGGABLE DATABASE ALL OPEN';
END open_pdbs;
/
Preserve PDB Startup State (12.1.0.2 onward)
---------------------------------------------
SELECT name, open_mode FROM v$pdbs;
NAME OPEN_MODE
------------------------------ ----------
PDB$SEED READ ONLY
PDB1 READ WRITE
PDB2 READ WRITE
SQL>
SHUTDOWN IMMEDIATE;
STARTUP;
SELECT name, open_mode FROM v$pdbs;
NAME OPEN_MODE
------------------------------ ----------
PDB$SEED READ ONLY
PDB1 MOUNTED
PDB2 MOUNTED
SQL>
Next, we open both pluggable databases, but only save the state of PDB1.
ALTER PLUGGABLE DATABASE pdb1 OPEN;
ALTER PLUGGABLE DATABASE pdb2 OPEN;
ALTER PLUGGABLE DATABASE pdb1 SAVE STATE;
The DBA_PDB_SAVED_STATES view displays information about the saved state of
containers.
COLUMN con_name FORMAT A20
COLUMN instance_name FORMAT A20
SELECT con_name, instance_name, state FROM dba_pdb_saved_states;
CON_NAME INSTANCE_NAME STATE
-------------------- -------------------- --------------
PDB1 cdb1 OPEN
SQL>
Restarting the CDB now gives us a different result.
SELECT name, open_mode FROM v$pdbs;
NAME OPEN_MODE
------------------------------ ----------
PDB$SEED READ ONLY
PDB1 READ WRITE
PDB2 READ WRITE
SQL>
SHUTDOWN IMMEDIATE;
STARTUP;
SELECT name, open_mode FROM v$pdbs;
NAME OPEN_MODE
------------------------------ ----------
PDB$SEED READ ONLY
PDB1 READ WRITE
PDB2 MOUNTED
SQL>
The saved state can be discarded using the following statement.
ALTER PLUGGABLE DATABASE pdb1 DISCARD STATE;
COLUMN con_name FORMAT A20
COLUMN instance_name FORMAT A20
SELECT con_name, instance_name, state FROM dba_pdb_saved_states;
no rows selected
SQL>
