HYD TG52784

RELAY SETTING CALCULATION REV. NO. 02

HYD

RELAY SETTING CALCULATION

Project: -2X34.5MW- GTGs
M/S GURUGOBIND SINGH REFINEERY

FORMAT Prepared scr Approved Date

D-201 9/13/22010
REV-00 Revised on04/10/11

COPYRIGHT AND CONFIDENTIAL

The information on this document is the property of BHEL. It must not be used directly or
indirectly in any way detrimental to the interest of the company.
        TG52784
RELAY SETTING CALCULATIONS FOR RELAY 7UM62         REV 02
HYDERABAD PROJECT:2X34.5 GTG FOR GURU GOBIND SINGH
REFINERY
Generator & System Data:
1.0 Rated active out put 34.5 MW
2.0 Rated Apparent out put 43.13 MVA
3.0 Rated Voltage 11 KV
4.0 Allowed deviaion on the voltage( + ) 10 %
4.0 Allowed deviaion on the voltage(  ‐) 10 %
5.0 Rated Current 2264 A
6.0 Rated power factor 0.8
7.0 Rated Frequency 50 Hz
8.0 D‐Axis Synchronous Reactance ( Xd ) 1.947 P.U
9.0 D‐Axis transient Reactance ( X’d ) 0.2168 P.U
10 D‐Axis sub transient Reactance ( X”d ) 0.1491 P.U
11 CT primary current 3000 A
12 CT secondary current 1A
13 CT ratio 3000
14 PT primary voltage   ( 11000/√3) 6351.04 V
15 PT secondary voltage     ( 110/√3) 63.51 V
16 PT ratio 100
17 Continuous Neg. Seq. Capability  ( Percentage of rated curent) 10 %
2
18 Thermal capability (I2 t) 20 Sec
19 Short circuit time constnat of Generator 
Short circuit time constnat of Generator 0 71 sec
0.71
20 Transformer impedance 15 %
21 Fault Current 40 KA
22 Transformer Secondary voltage 33 KV
23 Transformer MVA 50 MVA
24 HV CT ratio 1000
25 Neutral grounding transformer
KVA 60 KVA
Primary voltage 11000 V
Secondary voltage 240 V
26 Loading resistor 0.5 Ohms
27 NGT Seondary CT ratio 250 /1A
28 NGT secondary current 250 A
                                    ELECTRICAL MACHINES ENGINEERING Date : 9/13/10
Prepared  Checked Approved Rev 02
scr scr S K PANDEY
 RELAY SETTING CALCULATIONS FOR       TG52784
RELAY 7UM62        REV 02
HYDERABAD PROJECT:2X34.5 GTG - GURUGOBIND
SINGH REFINERY
List of Protections ( Part of 7UM62)
1 Generator Differential Protection (87G)
2 Stator Earth fault protection (95%) ‐ (64G1)
3 Stator Earth fault protection (100%)‐(64G2)
4 Rotor First Earth Fault protection (Stage‐l) ‐64F.1
5 Rotor First Earth Fault protection (Stage‐2)‐ 64F.2
6 Gen. Overvoltage Protection(stage‐l)‐ (59.1G)
7 Gen. Overvoltage Protection(stage‐2)‐(59.2G)
9 Generator Overfluxing protection (Stage‐1)‐24G1
10 Generator Overfluxing protection (Stage‐2)‐24G2
11 Over frequency protection (Stage‐1 ) ‐(81.3)
12 Over frequency protection (Stage‐2)‐(81.4)
13 Loss of Excitation with U/V protection‐(40G)
14 Loss of Excitation without U/V protection‐(27/40G)
15 Voltage Restrained Overcurrent Protection‐(51V)
16  Local Breaker Backup Protection (50LBB)
17 Generator Overcurrent protection (51.1G)
18 Undervoltage Protection stage‐1(27.1G)
19 Undervoltage Protection stage‐2(27.2G)
20 Dead Machine Protection (50G)
21 Generator Negative Sequence Protection (Stage‐l) ‐(46G1)
22 Generator Negative Sequence Protection (Stage‐2)‐(46G2)
23 Pole slipping protection(78G)
24 Under frequency protection (Stage‐l) ‐(81.1G)
25 Under frequency protection (Stage‐2)‐(81.2G)
26 Generator backup impedance protection(21G)

27 Generator & Gen. Transformer Overall Differential Protection (87OA)   ‐  7U612

28 Generator  Differential protection   ‐   7U612
29 Gen.Transforrmer Restricted E/F protn. (64RT)  ‐ 7SJ61

30 Reverse power protection   ‐  7SJ62

Note : rev.02   prepared as per  site  settings (i,e 51v,46,21,64R)
 RELAY SETTING CALCULATIONS FOR
RELAY 7UM62        TG52784
        REV 02
HYDERABAD PROJECT:2X34.5MW GTGs FOR GURUGOBIND SINGH REFINERY
1.0 Over voltage protection: Stage -I ( 59.1G)
This protection is provided to change regulation of AVR from auto to Manual in case Auto
channel of AVR fails.
Type of relay : Part of 7UM62
Rated voltage of generator : KV +10%
The percentage of higher voltage than rated cont.voltage for I Stage
of over voltage protection for changeover from auto to manual 5%
Hence, setting shall be (105 + x) % of rated Voltage 115 %
PT Secondary rated voltage for setting 126.5 V
Time delay recommended = 0.5 Sec
Action : Alarm and change regulation from Auto1 to Auto2.

2.0 Over voltage Protection : Stage II ( 59 .2G)

This protection is provided to protect generator against over voltages
Type of relay : Part of 7UM62
This protection shall be chosen at 10 % higher than stage -I
Over voltage setting = 125 %
PT Secondary voltage 110 V
This time delay shall not be too long to avoid strain on the machine
Relay setting = 137.5 V
Recommended time delay = 2 sec
Action : To trip 86C

3.0 Over current relay - with voltage restraint (51V )

This protection is provided to protect generator against heavy over loads and
short circuits
Type of relay:Part of 7UM62
Rated Generator voltage UN, Gen 11 KV
Direct Axis Transientreactance Xd' 0.2168 p.u
Transient synchronous generated voltage Up'= 1.2UN, Gen 13.2 KV
Rated apparent power of stepup Transformer 50 MVA
Rated apparent power of Generator 43.125 MVA
Short circuit current 9309 A

Generator load current 2264 A

Current transformer ratio 3000 A
Peak current = 1.3 IN 2943 A
Setting for Ip = Peak current/CTR 0.981
The short circuit time constant of the generator is (As per test report) 0.71 sec
The generator must trip before that time 0.690 sec
As per IEC characterstic
t = [ (0.14)/ { I/Is) ^ 0.02 – 1 ) }) * TMS
where I = measured current , Is = Current threshold setting , TMS = Time multiplier setting
TMS 0.11
Current setting adopted 1.0 A
Time multiplier setting 0.11
The pickup threshold depends on the voltagel evel for pickup is (70% of VT sec.) 77 V
 RELAY SETTING CALCULATIONS FOR
RELAY 7UM62        TG52784
        REV 02
HYDERABAD PROJECT:2X34.5MW GTGs FOR GURUGOBIND SINGH REFINERY
Settings
O/C Ip ON
Ip 1.0 A
T Ip 0.11 sec
IEC curve Normal Inverse
Volt. Influence Volt. Restraint
U< 77 V
Action : To trip 86C

4 Negative sequence proteciton (46G)

Type of relay : Part of 7UM62
The permissible permanent inverse current refering to the normal machine current
given by manufacture IsT 10 %
IN Mach 2264 A
IsT 10 %
Current Transformer- primary 3000
Setting value I2perm 7.55 %
Asymmetry factor K= I² t 20 sec
The factor K is derived from the unbalanced load characteristic by reading the time corresponding
K at I/IN =1
tperm 20 sec
The constant Kprimary 20 sec
Kprimary is converted to the secondary side Ksec 11.39 sec
Cold -down time - Time required to cool down under admissible unbalanced current
tCooldown 2000 sec
Asymmetrical faults cause high negative phase sequence currents, a definite time stage is
detecting the asymmetrical short circuit current
A phase-to phase fault (I) results negative phase sequence current
I2 = (1/ √3)*I 0.58 I
Settings :
Stage I: For Alarm
Recommended alarm threshold : 7.65 %
Recommended time setting for alarm : 10 Sec
Stage II:
Unbalance load ON
Trip threshold setting I2>> ( Little higher than stage I) 10.00 %
T I2 >> : 3 Sec
T Warn 20 sec
Factor K 11.39 sec
T cool down 2000 sec
Action: To Trip 86B

5 Differential protection (87G)

Type of relay : Part of 7UM62
Differential Current Idiff = │I1 + I2│

The stabilizing or restraint current = │I1│ + │I2│

I - DIFF> the sensitive threshold of the differential protection varies proportionally with the
restrained values but. the current proportional errors due to transformation, CT errors deviates the
requirements due to saturation.
 RELAY SETTING CALCULATIONS FOR
RELAY 7UM62        TG52784
        REV 02
HYDERABAD PROJECT:2X34.5MW GTGs FOR GURUGOBIND SINGH REFINERY
For high currents a stabilisation has to be given with add on stabilization for correct tripping on faul
Idiff 0.1 In
An increase of pickup value on startup provides additional security against overfunctioning when
a nonenergised protection object is switched on. The pickup value I-DIFFis now increased by a
settable factor
I-REST.START up is set at 1 as the prtection object is generator
Action : To trip 86A

6 LOSS OF FIELD PROTECTION (40 G) With U/Vblock

Type of relay : Part of 7UM62
UN - Machine 11 KV
IN - Machine 2264
Xd machine 1.947
CT Primary IN CT prim 3000
VoltageTransformer UN VTprim 11 KV
1/Xdsec = (1/Xd)(INMach/UNMach)(UN VTprim/INCTprim) 0.39
1/Xd with safety factor of 1.05 0.41
For α1, The angle of under excitation limiting the voltage regulator is selected or the inclination
angle of the machine stability.
The angle will be between 60 and 80 degree
Angle (α1) 70 Deg.
The minimum excitation value for low active power is selected to 0.9 times the of 1/Xd
1/Xd for low active power 0.37
Angle (α2) 90 Deg.
For machine dynamic stability the value must be between the synchronous reactance
and the transient reactance i.e.,between 2.0254 and 0.2255 1.1
The angle of excitation limit 90 Deg.
If the static limitis exceeded the voltage regulator must increase the excitation with a signal with de
Delay for signal 10 sec
( to give a time for response to raise)
Characteristic 1 & 2 Excitation voltage failure time delay 1.5 sec
For characteristic 3 dynamic stability ,time delay 0.5 sec
Settings
Underexcitation ON
1/Xd Characteristic 1 0.41
Angle 1 70 Deg.
T Characteristic1 10 sec
1/Xd Characteristic 2 0.37
Angle 2 90 Deg.
T Characteristic 2 10 sec
1/Xd Characteristic 3 1.1
Angle 3 90 Deg.
T Characteristic 3 0.5 sec
T SHRT 1.5 sec
Action : To trip 86A

7.0 REVERSE POWER PROTECTION -stage-1 (32G)

Type of relay : Part of 7SJ62
The level of the active power input is determined by the friction loss to be overcome
 RELAY SETTING CALCULATIONS FOR
RELAY 7UM62        TG52784
        REV 02
HYDERABAD PROJECT:2X34.5MW GTGs FOR GURUGOBIND SINGH REFINERY
Setting = Psec/Snsec = (Pmach/SNMach)*(UNMach/Unprim)*(INMach/INPrim) 0.30
Delay time to Trip 2 sec
Settings :
Reverse power ON
P > Reverse -0.30 %
T-SV-Closed 2.0 sec
Action : To trip 86C

8 Backup Impedance Protection (21G)

The maximum Load current 2264
The pick up valueof current(1.2 to 1.5 times) 2716
Pickup secondary Current 0.905
As the excitation is arrived from the generator terminals UVSeal-in is switched on
Under Voltage set at 75 %
Under voltage seal-in time 1.5 sec
Transformer Impedance 0.15 p.u
Secondary reactance
Zone 1 primary(70% of Tr.Z) 0.25 Ohms
Zone1 Secondary 7.62 Ohms
Zone2secondary(100% ofTr Z) 10.89 Ohms
Z1B Over reach (120%) 13.0680 Ohms
Zone1Time 1 secs
Zone2 time 1.2 secs
T - end 1.5 secs
POWER SWING- the rate of change g of impedance
p is the measurement
To arrive the value for setting, the minimum operating Z, the difference to the setting of the
impedance
Z1 and the gradient of impedance in a time 6.67
Z1 6.67
ZL,min 52.0
dZ/dt = (Zlmin-Z1) /∆t
The rateof time∆t is taken as 20ms
dZ/dt is set at 2265 Ohms/sec
The estimation of time is taken from the proximity of rate o fchange in 180deg.
dZ/dt(180deg.) assumed 20 Ohms/sec
Zcharacterstic = Z1 = 6.67 Ohms
T= 2* Zcharacteristic/ dZ/dt(180deg) 0.67 sec
For delay times of more than 0.67 sec, no power swing blocking is required.
Action :To trip 86C

9 Pole slipping protection

Type of relay : Part of 7UM62
Generator Maimum Rated output SN,G 34.5 MW
Generator Terminal Voltage UN,G 11 KV
Generator Rated Capacity 43.13 MVA
Generator Rated Current IN.G 2264 A
Power Factor cosΦ 0.8
Unit Transformer Capacity 50 MVA
 RELAY SETTING CALCULATIONS FOR
RELAY 7UM62        TG52784
        REV 02
HYDERABAD PROJECT:2X34.5MW GTGs FOR GURUGOBIND SINGH REFINERY
Unit Transformer HV rating 33 KV
Unit Transformer LV rating 11 KV
HVRated current 875
LV Rated Current 2264
Measurement is enabled only on the current exceeding the threshold value
I1> = 120% of nominal current 0.9054
As out-of-step conditions are symmetrical occurances the pickup threshold of the negative seq
component will be about 20%of the nominal current
I2< 0.1509
The impedance values are to be perceived for the setting,the power swing reactance
of the machine,which is the transient reactance of the machine
Zb = Xd'; Zc - Forward towards the unit transf.
The characterstic is divided into two portions 1. lower section of the characterstic
2. the upper section the electrical center of the swing.
Power swings are threephase symmetrical occurances.
Xd' =UN,Gen/(Root3 *IN)*Xd'XCTR/PTR 18.25 Ohms
Xsc of the transformer 10.89 Ohms
Assuming the characteristic should cover 85% of the 9.26 Ohms
transformer reactance , the setting of Zc

Assuming that the remaining transformer reactance and the covered system reactance 1.63
should be ( 15% of transformer impedence
p for non salient p
pole machines))
The polygon width Za is the maximum detectable power swingfrequency.
Za ≈ 0.289 Ztot 7.9 Ohms
Max. Power swing frequency fp = (4/π)*(1/T)*(Za/Ztot)
T= 20ms for 50Hz
fp 18
Zc = 80% Xsc 8.71
Assuming the additional line section impedance Zd 10 Ohms
Zd-Zc 1.29
Ztotal = Zb+Zc 26.96 Ohms
Za ≈ 0.289 Ztot 7.79 Ohms
Number of power swings 4
Holding time 20 Sec
Settings :
Out-of-step ON
I1> Release 0.9054
I2< Release 0.1509
Za 7.79 Ohms
Zb 18.25 Ohms
Zc 9.257 Ohms
Zd-Zc 27.0 Ohms
PHI Polygon 90 Deg
REP. CHAR. 1 1
REP. CHAR. 2 4
 RELAY SETTING CALCULATIONS FOR
RELAY 7UM62        TG52784
        REV 02
HYDERABAD PROJECT:2X34.5MW GTGs FOR GURUGOBIND SINGH REFINERY
T - Holdng 20 sec
T-signal 0 Sec
Action : To trip 86A

10 Undervoltage protection (27G)

Type of Relay : Part of 7UM62
First stage under voltage setting 94 V
The time of actuation is selected according to stability requirements 3 sec
Second stage under voltage setting 83 V
Time of actuation must be small 5 sec
Settings :
Undervoltage ON
U< 93.50 V
T U< 3 sec
U<< 82.50 V
T << 5
Action : To trip 86A

11 Frequency Protection (81.1,81.2G)

This protection is provided to protect the generator against operation at
low frequencies .
Type of Relay : Part of 7UM62
Alarm settings are to be made at 0.5 Hz intervals to alert the operator for corrective
action and load management. Hence, following settings are recommended.
Stage
g -1: Freqency
q y setting
g: 48.5 Hz
Time delay 2 Sec
Action : Alarm
Stage -2: Freqency setting : 47.5 Hz
Time delay : 1.5 Sec
Action : To trip 86B

12 Frequency Protection (81.3G,81.4G)

This protects the machine against over speeding.
Type of Relay : Part of 7UM62
Stage I : for Alarm.
Frequency Setting : 51 HZ
Time delay : 1 sec
Stage II : for trip.
Frequency Setting : 51.5 HZ
Time delay : 1.5 sec
Action : To trip 86B

13 0-95% STATOR EARTH FAULT PROTECTION (64G1)

Type of Relay : Part of 7UM62

For a protected Zone of 95% the protection must operate at 5% of the displacement voltage 5V
The earth fault current generated 5% of the full earth current 0.00 A
The magnitude of the eath fault current is determined by loading resistor a small angle of
deviation may result 15 deg.
 RELAY SETTING CALCULATIONS FOR
RELAY 7UM62        TG52784
        REV 02
HYDERABAD PROJECT:2X34.5MW GTGs FOR GURUGOBIND SINGH REFINERY
The time delay for earth fault actuation 0.2 sec
Action : Alarm & To trip 86A

Note : 5V is typcal, - voltage shall be measured during normal operation. Voltage setting
may be adopted 2.0 volts higher than max. measured value during rated full load of generat

14 64G2 - 95- 100% Stator E/F protection

Third harmonics U/V threshold setting ( VN3H < ) must be set below the 3 rd hormonics voltage
present during normal operation and Third harmonics O/V threshold setting ( VN3H > ) must be
set above the 3rd harmonics voltage present during normal operation
Third Harmonic U/V ( VN3H < ) = 0.5 V
Time Delay 1 Sec
Third Harmonic O/V ( VN3H > ) (Typical) 2V
Time Delay 1 Sec
These settings are typical. Voltage shall be measured during normal operation. Voltage
setting may be adopted accordingly.
Note : Third harmonic U/V thresold setting must be below the 3rd harmonic voltage

present during normal operation & 3rd harmonic voltage to be measured when gen. is running at rated load

The 3rd harmonic voltage is normally lowest when is not loaded. However the 3rd harmonic voltage shall
be measured when gen. is fully loaded

Recommended setting is : set 50% of minimum value of 3rd harmonic voltage measured

Action : To trip 86A

14 Rotor Earth Fault Protection (64R)

Type of Relay : Partpof 7UM62 y q y g ( ) y
means of 7XR61unit. Due to bias voltage, with proper earth isolation a current flows through
earth capacitance

Warning Stage -I , 10 mA
Time delay 5 secs
Trip stage -II 23.00 mA
Time delay 1 sec

Action : Alarm & To trip 86A

15 Gen. Breaker failure Protection (50 LBB)

Type of Relay : Part of 7UM62
Setting :
Phase current setting : 0.2 A
Time Delay : 200 msec
Action : To trip 33KV breaker trip coil-1 & 2

16 Generator Overcurrent protection(51.1G)

Type of Relay : Part of 7UM62
Setting :
Phase current setting ( 110% of rated current refered to secondary) 0.83 A
Time delay 10 sec
Action: Alarm
 RELAY SETTING CALCULATIONS FOR
RELAY 7UM62        TG52784
        REV 02
HYDERABAD PROJECT:2X34.5MW GTGs FOR GURUGOBIND SINGH REFINERY

17 Dead Machine protection (50G)

Type of Relay : Part of 7UM62
The protection is for limiting the damage caused by the accidental energisation of the
stationary or not synchronized generator.
The Current setting adopted must be more sensitive than the threshold value of the O/C setting
Current setting 0.905 A
Higher than the overcurrent setting
The Voltage setting must be adopted for nominal conditions
The undervoltage setting is 60% 66 V
The time of operation is selected more than that of the O/C time setting 1.2 sec
Drop out time delay 1 sec
Settings :
Inadvertant energisaion ON
I stage 0.905
Release U1 < 66 V
Pickup at U1< 1.2 sec
Drop out T U1< 1 sec
Action : To trip 86A

18 Generator overfluxing protection

Type of relay : part of 7UM62
stage-1
V/F setting 1.15
Time delay 10 sec
stage-2
V/F setting
tti 1.4
1 4
Time delay 2 sec
 RELAY SETTING CALCULATIONS FOR
      TG52784
PROJECT:2X34.5MW GTG FOR GURUGOBING SINGH        REV 01
HYDERABAD REFINEERY
1 Overall Differential Protection (87O)
Type of relay : Part of 7UT612
GT Capacity 50 MVA
GT Primary Volts 11 KV
GT Secondary Volts 33 KV
CT ratio 1000
%Z 15 %
Considering the CT errors, OLTC regulation error currents(10%) & margin,the
value of 0.30I of the protected trafo is selected. 5832.0 A
Primary full load current 2624 A
Secondary foll load current 875 A
Calculation of differential current 874.80
87-2 I DIFF> 0.20 I/In
FLC/Fault current 0.15
Allowing Ctratio error 87-2 I DIFF> 0.2
87-2 I DIFF>> 8 I/In
Add on Stabilization Current 0.08
Instant Restraint Ratio(2nd Hormonic) 0.2
Stabilizing Ratio for 5th Hormonics 0.3
Action : To trip 86A

2 Restriced Earth fault proteection _

Type of Relay  : 7SJ61

No zero sequence current will flow during the normal  operation .
i.e. starpoint current is Isp =o 
Recommended setting 
The phase currents are 3Io Ia+Ib+Ic 0
The phase currents are  3Io = Ia+Ib+Ic = 0 0.3In
0 3In
Time Delay 0.2 ses

Action : To trip 86A