Chocolate A.

the process of producing chocolate 

Chocolate starts with a tree called the cacao tree. This tree grows in 3. " ..., so they are often sorted and blended to produce ..." (Paragraph 3)
equatorial regions, especially in places such as South America, Africa, and The underlined word is close in meaning to ...
Indonesia. The cacao tree produces a fruit about the size of a small pine A. arranged
apple. Inside the fruit are the tree's seeds, also known as cocoa beans. B. combined
C. separated 
The beans are fermented for about a week, dried in the sun and then D. distributed
shipped to the chocolate maker. The chocolate maker starts by roasting the E. organized
beans to bring out the flavour. Different beans from different places have
different qualities and flavor, so they are often sorted and blended to 4. How does the chocolate maker start to make chocolate?
produce a distinctive mix. Next, the roasted beans are winnowed. A. By fermenting the beans.
Winnowing removes the meat nib of the cacao bean from its shell. Then, B. By roasting the beans, 
the nibs are blended. The blended nibs are ground to make it a liquid. The C. By blending the beans.
liquid is called chocolate liquor. It tastes bitter. All seeds contain some D. By sorting the beans.
amount of fat, and cacao beans are not different. However, cacao beans are E. By drying the beans
half fat, which is why the ground nibs form liquid. It's pure bitter
chocolate. A natural disaster is a terrible accident, e.g. a great flood, a big fire or an
earthquake. It usually causes great suffering and loss of a large sum of
money. The casualties are injured or died. Some people are homeless and
1. The text is about ...
need medical care.
A. the cacao tree
B. the cacao beans Floods occur when the water of rivers, lakes, or streams overflow their
C. the raw chocolate banks and pour onto the surrounding land. Floods are caused by many
D. the making of chocolate  different things. Often heavy rainstorms that last for a brief can cause a
E. the flavour of chocolate flood. But not all heavy storms are followed by flooding. If the
surrounding land is flat and can absorb the water, no flooding will occur.
2. The third paragraph focuses on ... If, however, the land is hard and rocky, heavy rain cannot be absorbed.
Where the banks are low, a river may overflow and flood adjacent d. Water flood is absorbed by land
lowland. e. Typhoons caused heavy flood

In many part of the world flood are caused by tropical storms called 7. We know from the text that . . . .
hurricanes or typhoons. They bring destructive winds of high speed, a. The pump is the only tool used by fire fighters now
torrents of rain, and flooding. When a flood occurs, the destruction to b. The pump helps people to fight fires more efficiently
surrounding land can be severe. Whole villages and towns are sometimes c. Fires in big cities are always very big
swept away by water pouring swiftly over the land. Railroad track blocked d. People no longer use buckets to control fire
and uprooted from their beds. Highways are washed away. e. Only firemen can control fires in crowded cities

When a building caught fire, the firemen pitched in to help battle the blaze.
Before the pumps were invented, people formed bucket brigades to fight Silkworms live for only two or three days after laying eggs. About 36,000
fires. Standing side by side, they formed a human chain from the fire to to 50,000 eggs are laid, and these are carefully stored at the silkworm farm
nearby well or river. They passed buckets of water from to hand to be until they are ready to hatch. The eggs hatch into caterpillars, which feed
poured on the flames. on mulberry leaves. Soon, the caterpillars are ready to spin their cocoons.
Not all caterpillars can spin silk cocoons. Only the caterpillars of a
The damage of the fire did depend a great deal on where it happened. In silkworm moth known as ‘Bombyx mari’ can do such spinning. This
the country or a small village, only a single house might burn down. But in caterpillar has special glands which secrete liquid silk through its lower
crowded cities, fire often destroyed whole blocks and neighborhoods lip. The liquid produced later hardens to form tine strands.
before being controlled.
(Soal UN SMA/MA IPA 2011/2012)
The caterpillar makes its cocoons using these strands. The threads on the
outside of the cocoon are rough, while those inside are soft and smooth.
5. What can possibly prevent rivers and lakes from overflowing?
a. An absorbent bed.
b. A rocky surrounding. Some fully-spun cocoons are heated. This kills the pupa inside. The
c. A low land. cocoons are then put into hot water to loosen the fine threads. Finally,
d. A high bank. these threads are reeled off the cocoons.
e. A high road.
The length of unbroken thread produced by a single cocoon measures
6. We know from the text that . . . . about one-and-a-half kilometers. Being twisted together several of these
a. River can sweep heavy flood threads make single woven materials.
b. People can make money from flood
c. The destruction by flood is always less severe 8. What is the purpose of the text ……..
A. To persuade readers to buy silk. this facility to carry out their tasks.
B. To put silk into different categories.             Finally, a laptop consumes energy more efficiently than a PC does.
C. To entertain readers with the knowledge. This device uses a rechargeable battery as source of electric energy. So if
D. To present some points of view about silk. we prefer using a laptop, it means that we support the governments
E. To describe how silk comes into existence. program to save energy.
            That’s why a laptop has become very popular recently.
9. How are the threads on the outside of the cocoon ……..
A. Fine. 11. A public place where can have free access to the internet is a/an……
B. Soft.             A. free access
C. Rough.             B. hot spot
D. Strong.             C. internet installation
E. Smooth.             D. laptop facility
            E. hot spot area
10. What are mulberry leaves for ……..
A.Feeding caterpillars. 12. A laptop has become very popular because…
B. Spinning cocoons.             A. it is portable
C. Storing threads.             B. it allows us to access internet
D. Hatching eggs.             C. it gives several benefits to the user
E. Laying eggs.             D. it doesn’t need complicated cable installations
            E. we can do our work with it anytime anywhere
Soal UN 2012 - Explanation Text
13. From the text know that…
            A laptop is a kind of computer unit which has the same function as             A. a laptop is usually more expensive than a PC
a PC (personal computer),but it is smaller, lighter and of different sizes.             B. more people like a laptop better than PC
Nowadays, most people choose laptops for several reasons.             C. more people like a PC better than a laptop
            A laptop is portable device. This portability is very helpful for our             D. for a mobile person a laptop is more handy than a PC
work, study and other activities. We don not need complicated cable             E. a laptop is cheaper now than it was before
installations to activate a laptop, and with a laptop, we can do our work
anytime anywhere.
            Moreover, a laptop allows us to access the internet in public places
which provide free access called hot spot areas. Some people like to use