Arranged and t edited with complete program notes\btowias QQ : PROGRAM NOTES John Dowland (1563-1626): Ayre Dowland was an English composer of the time of Queen Elizabeth. It was an age of famous men, ‘whom the greatest was the poet and playwright, William Shakespeare, It also was an age of adventu:. Sir Francis Drake sailed around the globe and explored the shores of California. Sir Walter Raleigh founded the first English colony in the New World. : An ayre is a song (air in modern English). It was accompanied on the lute, a plucked string instrume: with some resemblance to the guitar. Mare-Antoine Charpentier’ (1634-1704): Carols from Messe De Minuit Charpentier lived during the reign of Louis XV (1643-1715). This French monarch, the most powerful absolute ruler of his time, was noted for the magnificence and brilliance of his court, and fortunately also for his patronage of the arts. Charpentier wrote more than fifteen'operas, as well as a dozen masses and other sacred works. The Midnight Mass for Christmas Eve makes use of a number of French Christmas carols. Diderick Buxtehude (1637-1707): Sarabande Although the life of Buxtehude almost exactly coincided with that of Charpentier, they lived in entirely different worlds. Charpentier’s surroundings were the gayety and luxury of Paris; Buxteiude confined himself mostly to the church and the organ loft, first in his native Denmark, later in the North German city of Liibeck. Nevertheless, his influence was widespread. The great Johann Sebcs:izn Bach, when still a young nian, travelled more than two hundred miles, most of it no doubt on foot. t» hear Buxtehude play and to profit by his instruction. : PROPIEDAD DF OXQUEFTA JUVENIL MEXICANA, A.C.© . 2nd Violin Preparatory Exercise maine ot a = 1. Ayre (“Now oh now I needs must part”) JOHN DOWLAND (1563-1626), Andante 2 & erese. t SS © aif erese. 04720 15088ORQUESTA JUVENIL MEXICANA, AC. 3 ; yous © Preparatory Exercise a nvm V, WV = aL p crese. z 2. Carols from “Messe de Minuit pour Noel” - y¢anc.aNTOINE CHARPENTIER (16341708) na y aL yon Allegretto n vn Vv 7 P crese. t — > = maf crese. " fsso¥ aim. 1 8 p mm Satempo4 Preparatory Exercise nm 2 Larghetto A _f mf crese. 5088 3. Sarabande ox Bl —= ss >—— crese. DIETRICH BUXTEHUDE (1637-1707) allarg.Arcangelo Corelli (1653-1713): Gavotta Corelli was born into an age when the violin was coming into prominence. It was the time of the great violin makers of Cremona—the Amati family, the Guameri family, and, most famous of all. Antonius Stradivarius. (The latter alone made more than eleven hundred instruments.) Their violins were graceful * in form and easy to handle. In the hands of a good player they could produce tones of amazing beauty, Corelli was the right composer to prove the worth of the violin. His slow melodies have a noble, sustained singing quality, and his vivacious dance movements sound full and vigorous. This is especially evident in the Gavotia, which is from one of his violin sonatas, Jean-Philippe Rameau (1683-1764): Air Tendre . Great advances in science and thought were made in Rameau's time; for example, with an improved micro- scope one could now see tiny living things swimming in a drop of water. Rameau himself wrote a treatise on the basic principles of harmony and chord structure. But musical taste in Paris was limited by the frivolous taste of the nobility, and Rameau found most favor with light, airy dance movements. The Air Tendre is one of these, graceful and delicately expressive. It is originally for the harpsichord, the soft-toned keyboard instrument that preceded the piano. George Frideric Handel (1685-1759): March from the opera Rinaldo When Handel went to London in 1711, the popular entertainment was opera. We would describe it today as a “grand spectacular,” filled with magnificent pageants and processionals, elaborate scenes. costly cos- tumes, and even such extravagances as a fight between the hero and a lion. (Of course the hero won.) Yandel poured into his operas an endless flow of music, unsurpassed in beauty of melody and nobility of sie, In later years he wrote oratorios, the most famous of which is Messiah. viandel composed with great speed. Rinaldo was done in fourteen days. In 35 years he wrote approximately 40 operas, 20 oratorios, and a great number of works of many other kinds. Some well remembered authors were’ Handel's contemporaries in London: Daniel Defoe (Robinson Crusoe), Joseph Addison (Spectator), Jonathan Swift (Gulliver's Travels), and Samuel Johnson (Dictionary of the English Language). FROPIECAD BE ORQUESTA JUVENTE MEKICANA, A.C.ORQUESTA JUVE 6 . Wi for Preparatory Exercise ioLin I 5 Bn oe ee coer ft P 4. Gavotta from Violin Sonata, op. 5, no. 9 ARCANGELO CORELLI egro Gest nss n a a : aH P cerese. ¥ crese 1”MID in Lb LER E nen earth MERICANA, A. @ Preparatory Exercise a 4 = eS crese. t 5. Air Tendre JEAN-PHILLIPPE RAMEAU (1653-1764) Andantino grazioso Fi. it o —= «> crese. 7 — ral.. £ND VID 17 [orguasta TuVENHL MExicAna, A Preparatory Exercise Vv rt a = 6. March from the opera “Rinaldo” Allegro non troppo GEORGE FRIDERIC HANDEL B gl (1685-1759) vLeopold Mozart (1719-1787): Harvest Song To the world in general, Leopold Mozart is merely the father of one of the greates: zcniuses in ‘se history of music, Wolfgang Amadeus. To violinists he is a teacher who wrote an instruction method that was widely + recognized as authoritative in its time. But Leopold Mozart also was a composer, with a considerable output to his credit. While not one of the immortals, he nevertheless might be better known today if he were not so completely overshadowed by his son. Joseph Haydn (1732-1809): Country Round To generations of students Joseph Haydn has been “Papa Haydn.” Justly so, for so much of his music is warm-hearted and cheerful, and his melodies have the simplicity and beauty of folk songs. We should not forget, however, that Haydn was one of the great composers of the cighteenth century. He played a vital role in building the forms of the symphony and the string quartet, a: his two major works for orchestra and voices, The Creation and The Seasons, are masterpieces of the fi- + rank. Ludwig Van Beethoven (1770-1827): Theme from Choral Fantasia, op. 80 . Great and far-reaching changes occurred between 1750 and 1800. In France the absolute monarchy was destroyed; the watchword was “Liberty, Equality, Fraternity.” In this country the Declaration of Inde- pendence proclaimed that “all men are created equal.” Haydn was content for almost thirty years to serve a feudal lord; Beethoven let the nobility know that he was no man’s inferior. Paintings show Haydn in a powdered wig and court dress; Beethoven dressed to suit himself. The Choral Fantasia (for piano, chorus, and orchestra) was written for a concert of Beethoven's music given December 22, 1808. It was 4 inemorable occasion, for it included the first performances of the com- poser's Fifth and Sixth Symphonies, two of his greatest masterpieces. The text of the Fantasia is a tribute to art, that unites men in peace and brotherhood. The Theme reveals several characteristics of Beethoven's style—a simpie melody that moves up and down the scale, the plainest kind of harmonization, and a strong, insistent rhythm. PROPIEDAD E ORQUESTA JUVENILE M—_ » 1 FEGFEBID EE VP OLQUESTA JUVENTE MEXICANA, Ak Preparatory Exercise wg jot af \ 7. Harvest Song LEOPOLD MOZART 1H Allegret ‘0 Bo (0719-1787) e F mf crese. t dim ” P t P poco a@ poco cresc. . t onvih ® mewn Sy Cot fcr «new vn OYE. 5088 Evaro wo A egPreparatory Exercise v n. n vi Allegretto JOSEPH HAYDN v yo Gis2.09) + pet. . FROPEDR: F—— u = VIO ORQUESTA JUVENIL MEXICANA, A. Preparatory Exercise 5 tf 9. Theme from Choral Fantasia LUDWIG VAN BEETHOVEN, op. 80 (07701827) A v v Allegretto ma non troppo (quasi Andante con moto) o A no oe , wy evese. | 7PROPIEDAD DE ORQUEETA JUVENTL MEXICANA, A. Hector Berlioz (1803-1869): Aria from the Oratorio L'enfance Du Christ The stories about Hector Berlioz are numerous—his great shock of hair, his determination to marry an actress he had never met (he did marry her), his enormous orchestras and the fantastic new sounds he made them produce. But this Aria is different from what one expects. It is quiet and gentle and filled with tender feeling. Perhaps this is the real Berlioz—and the othet just his “public image.” Richard Wagner (1813-1833): Hymn and Banner Theme from the opera Die Meistersinger Von Niirnberg Wagner influenced the development of musié more strongly than any other composer in the nineteenth century. Most of his operas are based on Germanic legends, but Die Meistersinger is an original comedy, dealing with the Mastersingers’ Guild. Guilds were workmen's “unions” tit grew up during the Middle Ages. The Mastersingers were different in that music was not their trade but sieir hobby. Hans Sachs (1494-1576), the most famous of the Master- singers, is the central figure in Wagnex's opera. He described himself in this rhyme: “Lam Hans Sachs, a shoe- Maker. -and 2 poet, too.” Jacques Offenbach (1819-1880): Waltz from the operetta La Grande-Duchess De Gérolstein Offenbach is best known for the brilliant opera, The Tales of Hoffman, but his popularity in Paris was built on his operettas, of which he wrote more than one hundred. An Offenbach operetta is like a Broadway musical show—light-hearted, witty, and filled with melodious tunes and colorful dance. The Waltz from La Grande-Duchesse is a good example of the style. Although the European theatre has produced many very popular musical shows, such as Johann Strauss's Fledermaus and Franz Lehar's The Merry Widow, a number of American composers also belong in the first rank in that category—for instance, Victor Herbert, Irving Berlin, Jerome Kern, George Gershwin, and Richard Rodgers.es . And Violin tS Preparatory Exercise ~ B an P 10. Aria from the oratorio “L’enfance du Christ” Allegretto. grazioso B HECTOR BERLIOZ, op. 25 v (1803-1868) P = ——- = = 7 eA See 508815 Preparatory Exercise t 11. Hymn-and Banner Theme from the opera “Die Meistersinger von Nimberg” Moderato RICHARD WAGNER z a in, apes i t — P = — molto cresc. cresc.e val. fF 5088 ‘Coprigh| © MEMIXIK by Cart Fahey, Ine. Hew York ooring wr eel| PAOPIEDAD DE 16 Valin crgursta Soveiitt MoxicaN Preparatory Exercise yom oY vBog ys) le PPT te ET ee, 12. Waltz from the operetta, “La Grande-Duchesse de Gérolstein” Allegro moderato JACQUES OFFENBACH (1819-1860) cresc. cresc. ft cd cresc. 15088 aprigh @ MERI by Co Fata, ns Hew Yak