Discrete Structures Course Title: Discrete Structures Full Marks: 60 +20 + 20 Course No: CSC160 Pass Marks: 24 +8 +8 Nature of the Course: Theory + Lab Credit Hrs: Semester: II Course Description: The course covers fundamental concepts of discrete structure like introduce logic, proof’, sets, relations, functions, counting, and probability, with an emphasis on applications in computer science. Course Objectives: The main objective of the course is to introduce basic diserete structures, explore applications of discrete structures in computer science, understand concepts of Counting, Probability, Relations and Graphs respectively. Course Contents: Unit 1: Basie Diserete Structures (7 Hrs.) 1.1, Sets: Sets and Subsets, Power Set, Cartesian Product, Set Operations, Venn Diagram, Inclusion-Exclusion Principle, Computer Representation of Sets 1.2. Functions: Basic Concept, Injective and Bijective Functions, Inverse and Composite Functions, Graph of Funetions, Functions for Computer Science (Ceiling Function, Floor Function, Boolean Function, Exponential Function), Fuzzy Sets and Membership Functions, Fuzzy Set Operati 1.3. Sequences and Summations: Basic Concept of Sequences, Geometric and Arithmetic Progression, Single and Double Summation Unit 2: Integers and Matrices (6 Hrs.) 2.1, Integers: Integers and Division, Primes and Greatest Common Divisor, Extended Euclidean Algorithm, Integers and Algorithms, Applications of Number Theory (Linear Congruencies, Chinese Remainder Theorem, Computer Arithmetic with Large Integers) 2.2. Matrices: Zero-One Matrices, Boolean Matrix Operations Unit 3: Logie and Proof Methods (6 Hrs.) 3.1. Logic: Propositional Logic, Propositional Equivalences, Predicates and Quantifiers, Negation of Quantified Statements, Proof of quantified statements, Nested Quantitiers Rules of Inferences 3.2. Proof Methods: Basie Terminologies, Proof Methods (Direct Proof, Indirect Proof, Proof by Contradiction, Proof By Contraposition, Exhaustive Proofs and Proof by Cases), Mistakes in Proof, Unit 4: Induction and Recursion (5 Hrs.) 4.1. Induction: mathematical Induction, Strong Induction and Well Ordering, Induction in General 42. Recursive Definitions and Structural Induction, Ree Correctness of Recursive Algorithms ve Algorithms, Proving 2Unit 5: Counting and Diserete Probability (9 Hrs.) 5.1. Counting: Basics of Counting, Pigeonhole Principle, Permutations and Combinations, ‘Two Element Subsets, Counting Subsets of a Set, Binomial Coefficients, Generalized Permutations and Combinations, Generating Permutations and Combinations 5.2. Diserete Probability: Introduction to Discrete Probability, Probability ‘Theory, Probability Calculation in Hashing, Expected Value and Variance, Randomized Algorithms. 5.3, Advanced Counting: Recurrence Relations, Solving Recurrence Relations (Homogeneous and Non-Homogeneous equations), Introduction to Divide and Conquer Recurrence Relations Unit 6: Relations and Graphs (12 Hrs.) 6.1. Relations: Relations and their Properties, N-ary Relations with Applications. Representing Relations, Closure of Relations, Equivalence Relations, Partial Ordering 62. Graphs: Graphs Basics, Graph ‘Types, Graph Models, Graph Representation, Graph Isomorphism, Connectivity in Graphs, Euler and Hamiltonian Path and Circuits, Matching Theory, Shortest Path Algorithm (Dijkstra’s Algorithm), Travelling Salesman Problem, Graph Coloring 6.3, Trees: Introduction and Applications, Tree Traversals, Spanning Trees, Minimum, Spanning Trees (Kruskal’s Algorithm) 6.4, Network Flows: Graph as Models of Flow of Comodities, Flows, Maximal Flows and Minimal Cuts, The Max Flow-Min Cut Theorem, Laboratory Works: ‘The laboratory work consists of implementing the algorithms and concepts discussed in the class. Student should implement problems with following concepts; + Set Operations and Boolean Matrix Operations + Primility Testing, Number Theory Algorithms, and Operations on Integers + Counting and Some Recursive Algorithms + Algorithms for Relations, Graphs Text Books: 1. Kenneth H. Rosen, Discrete mathematics and its applications, Seventh Edition McGraw Hill Publication, 2012, 2. Berard Kolman, Robert Busby, Sharon C. Ross, Discrete Mathematical Structures, Sixth Edition Pearson Publications, 2015 3. Joe L Mott, Abraham Kandel, Theodore P Baker, Discrete Mathematics for Computer Scientists and Mathematicians, Printice Hall of India, Second Edition, 2008 Reference Books: 1. Ken Bogart, Scot Drysdale, Cliff Stein, Discrete Mathematics for Computer Scientists, First Edition Addison-Wesley. 2010 13.