REASONING ABILITY – SOLUTION

HSEM4BTECHQA1119

10. Ans: [a] 19. Ans: [b]

In the first group only, the third statement logically The main statement implies that the decision given is that
follows the first two statements. the batsman is out. Either the batsman is actually out or
Hence the answer (a). the decision is wrong. Decision follows the way the
batsman has played and the decision is not wrong if the
II. batsman is actually out. Hence, option (b) negates the
main statement.
11. Ans: [d]
Here, A implies B and both are consistent with the main 20. Ans: [d]
statement. Similarly the case with C and D. The main statement implies that the boy plays when he is
Hence the answer (d). not hungry. This is negated by the option that “the boy is
not playing and he is not hungry”.
12. Ans: [d]
Hence the answer is (d).
Here, A implies B and both are consistent with the main
statement. Similarly, the case with C and D. VENN DIAGRAM
Hence the answer (d).
Solutions for 1 and 2
13. Ans: [a]
Total – 1000 persons
Here, C implies A and both are consistent with the main
Engl ish = 500 Hindi = 550
statement. Other ordered pairs do not meet the
requirements.
Hence the answer (a).
120

14. Ans: [b] 100

80 110
Here, A implies D and both are consistent with the main
statement. Other ordered pairs do not meet the
requirements.

15. Ans: [b]

Sanskrit = 460
Here, C implies D and both are consistent with the main
statement. Further, although A implies B indirectly but 1. Ans: [b]
they are not direct to the main statement. Other ordered The Venn diagram above sums up the given data. Number
pairs do not meet the requirements. CD is more of persons who knew only Hindi.
appropriate. = 550 – (120 + 100 + 110) = 220
Hence the answer (b).
2. Ans: [c]
16. Ans: [d]
The persons who knew at least two languages include all
The main statement clearly states “whenever India plays those who knew two or more languages.
Pakistan, I will either bite my nails or my B P rises”.
These include all those persons who knew English and
Out of the two effects only one will take place at a time. If
Hindi, Hindi and Sanskrit or Sanskrit and English. It also
B P is not rising, biting of nails will logically follow.
includes all those persons who knew all the three
Hence the answer is (d).
languages.
17. Ans: [b]  The required number = 120 + 110 + 80 + 100 = 410
The negative form of the main statement is logically and
Solutions for 3 to 6
exactly contained in option (b).
Hence the answer is (b). Engl ish = 500 Hindi = 550

18. Ans: [c]

120
It can be deduced logically from the main statement that if 200 220
the party gets the majority, the house will not be 100
dissolved and hence the President’s rule will not be 80 110
imposed. President’s rule follows only after the
dissolution of the house and is not an alternative to the 170

latter. This rules out option (b).

Hence the answer is (c). Sanskrit = 460

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REASONING ABILITY – SOLUTION

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We have now calculated the values of all the regions of the Venn 10. Ans: [b]
diagram and the completed Venn diagram is as shown above. The number of persons who were both Engineering and
Computer Programmes but not Science graduates = 30
We can now answer the further questions.
11. Ans: [a]
3. Ans: [a]
The number of persons who are possessing at least one of
The number of persons who knew English or Sanskrit but
the qualifications 
not Hindi = 200 + 170 + 80 = 450
Total persons surveyed – persons who did not possess
4. Ans: [b] any of the three qualifications
The number of persons who knew English and Sanskrit = 80 = 130 – 12 = 118

5. Ans: [a] Solutions for 12 to 16

The number of persons who knew exactly one of the three Women
languages = 200 + 220 + 170 = 590
Educated 1 Persons in
6. Ans: [c] persons 4 Government
The ratio of persons who knew all the three languages to Service
7 2
100 10 3 13
those who knew only Sanskrit  
170 17 5 6 9
8 10 12
Solutions for 7 to 11
11

The given data can be represented in the form of a Venn

diagram as shown below. Persons in
private sector
Total 130 persons
By analyzing the above given diagram, we can assess what each
Engi neering Science degree section 1, 2, 3 etc. represents.
85 72
12. Ans: [b]
20
15
Educated women in Government jobs are represented by
10
the section 3 as it occupies the space common to the
25
30 12
circle, the square and the triangle.

13. Ans: [d]

6
Section 9 represents the uneducated women who have
Government jobs as well as jobs in private sector because
Computer Programming
it lies in the space common to the square, the triangle and
73 12
the rectangle.

Number of persons  14. Ans: [d]

  130  (10  20  15  25
who do-not possess any of  Section 10 represents educated men having private jobs
  30  12  6)  12
the three qualifications  as well as Governments jobs because it lies in the space
which is common to the circle, the triangle and the
7. Ans: [b] rectangle.
From the Venn diagram, the number of persons who are 15. Ans: [a]
only Science graduates is 15. Section 2 represents educated women who neither have
8. Ans: [c] Government jobs nor have private jobs because it lies in
the space which is common to the square and the circle.
The number of persons who were possessing exactly two
of the three qualifications = 20 + 12 + 30 = 62 16. Ans: [c]
Section 11 represents uneducated men working in private
9. Ans: [b]
sector because it lies in the space in the rectangle but
The number of persons who were not Engineering outside the circle, the square and the triangle.
graduates = Total persons surveyed – number of persons
who are Engineering graduates = 130 – 85 = 45.

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REASONING ABILITY – SOLUTION

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DIRECTION 17 TO 21: "60 admire Curly:"

We will organize the given information in the following
Venn diagram where "M," "L" and "C" represent the sets of
those who admire Moe, Larry and Curly respectively: M 10 L

24
M L 12 8
16
C 1
U
C
U 60 admire Curly
"24 admire all three of the Stooges:"
"51 admire Moe"
M L

24 M 10 L
5
C
24
12 8
U
16
"1 admires none of the Three Stooges:" C 1
U
M L

24 51 admire Moe

"49 admire Larry"

C 1
U

"36 admire Moe and Curly:" M 10 L

5 7
24
M L 12 8
24 16
12 1
C
C 1 U
U
49 admire Larry
36 admire Moe and Curly

"32 admire Larry and Curly: Now that we have one number in each of the diagram's
eight regions, we use these numbers to answer the given
M L
questions.

24 17. Ans: [c]

12 8
We add all the eight numbers.
C 1
U M 10 L
5 7
24
32 admire Larry and Curly 12 8
16
"34 admire Moe and Larry:" C 1
U

M 10 L
5 + 10 + 7 + 12 + 24 + 8 + 16 + 1 = 83
24
12 8 18. Ans: [a]
These are the ones who are simultaneously inside of circle
C 1
C yet outside of the other two circles. The diagram shows
U that the answer is "16."

34 admire Moe and Larry

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22. Ans: [d]

M 10 L We need to be careful with this problem. In the question
5 7
24 statement we are told that all the learners who do
12 8
Computer Science also do English. This means that the
16
C 1 circle for Computer Science on the Venn diagram needs to
U be inside the circle for English.
S
These 16 admire Curly but don’t
B
admire Moe and Larry.

19. Ans: [d]

Unless we specify otherwise, we use the word "or" in the
inclusive sense so that this means "admire Larry or C
admire Curly or admire both." Those who satisfy this E
compound condition are underlined in the diagram below.
Fill in the counts on the Venn diagram.
S
M 10 L
7
B
5
24 15
12 8
16 15
C 1 20
U 250
C
10 + 7 + 24 + 8 + 12 + 16 = 77 E 15 85

20. Ans: [b] Compute probabilities

There are three possibilities: admires Moe but not Curly To find the number of learners taking English but not
and not Larry, admires Larry but not Curly and not Moe, Business studies or Computer Science, we need to look at
or admires Curly but not Moe and not Larry. Those who the shaded region of the Venn diagram.
satisfy this compound condition are underlined in the
diagram below.

M 10 L
5 7
24
12 8 C

16
C 1
U The count in this region is 15 and there are a total of 400
5 + 7 + 16 = 28 learners in the grade. Therefore, the probability that a
learner will take English but not Business studies or
21. Ans: [a] Computer Science is 15/400 = 3/80.
Again, there are three possibilities: admires Moe and 23. Ans: [b]
Larry but not Curly, admires Moe and Curly but not Larry,
To find the number of learners taking English but not
or admires Larry and Curly but not Moe. Those who
Business studies, we need to look at the shaded region of
satisfy this compound conditions are in the regions the Venn diagram.
underlined below.

M 10 L
5 7
24
12 8
16 C
C 1
U

12 + 10 + 8 = 30 The count in this region is 265. Therefore the probability

that a learner will take English but not Business studies is
265/400 = 53/80.

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REASONING ABILITY – SOLUTION

HSEM4BTECHQA1119

24. Ans: [a] We can take up a variable, let’s say “y,” to represent the
To find the number of learners taking English or Business total number of divers. The key to understanding this
studies but not Computer Science, we need to look at the question lies in the last sentence and the phrase “not
shaded region of the Venn diagram. both.”
We need to know the people who ONLY swam but did
NOT dive and the people who ONLY dove but did NOT
swim. The made up variables for these two groups are “a”
and “z.”
Let’s use the answer choices to our advantage! Since they
have the denominators of 12 and 7, let’s use one of those
C
and work backwards! 12 appears more often, so we can
start there.
If x = 12, there are 12/3 = 4 swimmers in total.
The count in this region is 45. Therefore, the probability
that a learner will take English or Business studies but not (12/3)/4 = 1 who swam and dove. That means a = 3. If 4
Computer Science is 45/400 = 9/80. people swam, then 12-4 = 8 dove, so z = 8.
The two categories we’re looking for (a + z) are 3 + 8 =
25. Ans: [c] 11. We are looking for an answer choice that gives us 11
To find the number of learners taking English or Business when x = 12 and so (a).
studies, we need to look at the shaded region of the Venn
27. Ans: [d]
diagram.
Let the total no. of consumers be x. So as given, one third
of them don’t use liquid which means 2/3 use liquid.
Again two fifth of them don’t use powder which means
3/5 use powder. One fifth use neither of the products. So
(2/3x + 3/5x + 1/5x) – x = 427. Solving, x = 915
C 28. Ans: [b]
We need to find out the number of students who took at
least one of the three subjects and subtract that number
The count in this region is 315. Therefore the probability
from the overall 120 to get the number of students who
that a learner will take English or Business studies is
did not opt for any of the three subjects.
315/400 = 63/80.
Number of students who took at least one of the three
26. Ans: [a] subjects can be found by finding out A ∪ B ∪ C, where A is
Let’s work on a Venn diagram and fill in what we do know the set of those who took Physics, B the set of those who
– an important first step as many of these problems come took Chemistry and C the set of those who opted for Maths.
down in large part to “getting organized”. We know there Now, A ∪ B ∪ C = A + B + C – (A ∩ B + B ∩ C + C ∩ A)
will be some medal winners who swam but did not dive, + (A ∩ B ∩ C)
some who dove but did not swim and some who swam A is the set of those who opted for Physics = 120/2
AND dove. = 60 students
“x” here will be at the top of our Venn diagram because it B is the set of those who opted for Chemistry = 120/5 = 24
is the total for ALL PARTS of the Venn diagram. That is, all C is the set of those who opted for Math = 120/7 = 17
three categories will sum to x. x/3 represents the 1/3 of The 10th, 20th, 30th... numbered students would have opted
the total (“x”) who swam, including those who swam only for both Physics and Chemistry.
AND those who swam and dove. Therefore, A ∩ B = 120/10 = 12
Total = x people The 14th, 28th, 42nd... Numbered students would have
opted for Physics and Math.
x/3 y Therefore, C ∩ A = 120/14 = 8
swimming diving
The 35th, 70th... numbered students would have opted for
Chemistry and Math.
z Therefore, B ∩ C = 120/35 = 3
a x/3
swim., 4 diving, And the 70th numbered student would have opted for all
not div. not swim. three subjects.
BOTH
Therefore, A ∪ B∪ C = 60 + 24 + 17 – (12 + 8 + 3) + 1 = 79
Number of students who opted for none of the three
subjects = 120 – 79 = 41

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29. Ans: [c]

Number of candidates who had none of the three = Total P = 70 S = 90
number of candidates – number of candidates who had at
least one of three gadgets.
Total number of candidates = 200
70 – x x 90 – x
Number of candidates who had at least one of the three
= A ∪ B ∪ C, where A is the set of those who have a two
wheeler, B the set of those who have a credit card and C
n = 10
the set of those who have a mobile phone.
We know that A ∪ B ∪ C = A + B + C – {A ∩ B + B ∩ C + C ∩ A}
+A∩B∩C So, 70 – x + x + 90 – x = 140
Therefore, A ∪ B ∪ C = 100 + 70 + 140 – {40 + 30 + 60} + 10 X = 20
Or A ∪ B ∪ C = 190 20 students passed in both Physics and Statistics.
As 190 candidates who attended the interview had at Therefore, 140 students passed in at least one subject.
least one of the three gadgets, (200 – 190) = 10
33. Ans: [a]
candidates had none of the three.
20 students passed in both the subjects.
30. Ans: [c]
34. Ans: [b]
Let A be the set of students who have enrolled for English
The number of students who passed in at least one
and B be the set of students who have enrolled for German.
subject = 140
Then, (A ∪ B) is the set of students who have enrolled at
Number of students who failed in statistics = 150 – 90 = 60
least one of the two subjects. As the students of the class
have enrolled for at least one of the two subjects, A ∪ B = 40 Number of students who failed in both = 10
Number of students who failed in only statistics
We know A ∪ B = A + B – (A ∩ B)
= 60 – 10 = 50
i.e, 40 = A + 22 – 12
(50/140) *100 = 35% (approx)
or A = 30 which is the set of students who have enrolled
for English and includes those who have enrolled for both 35. Ans: [d]
the subjects. Number of students who passed in both= 20
However, we need to find out the number of students who Number of students who passed in physics = 70
have enrolled for only English = Students enrolled for (20/70) * 100 = 28%
English – Students enrolled for both German and English
= 30 – 12 = 18 36. Ans: [b]
The number of students who passed in exactly one subject
31. Ans: [a] = 70 – x + 90 – x = 160 – 40 = 120
We know that (A ∪ B) = A + B – (A ∩ B), where (A ∪ B)
Solution for 37 - 41
represents the set of people who have enrolled for at least
one of the two subjects Maths or Economics and (A ∩ B)
represents the set of people who have enrolled for both
the subjects Maths and Economics. Valley c Foot
a b
ball ball
Note
e
(A ∪ B) = A + B – (A ∩ B) => (A ∪ B) = 40 + 70 – 15 = 95% d f

That is, 95% of the students have enrolled for at least one
g
of the two subjects Maths or Economics.
Cricket
Therefore, the balance (100 – 95)% = 5% of the students None = n
have not enrolled for either of the two subjects.

32. Ans: [c] 37. Ans: [c]

Given that out of a total of 150 students, 10 students failed From the figure, d
in both the subjects. 38. Ans: [b]
This implies that remaining (150 – 10) = 140 students From the figure, a + b + c
passed in at least one subject.
39. Ans: [c]
From the figure, b + c + d + e + f + g

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REASONING ABILITY – SOLUTION

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40. Ans: [b] 2. Ans: [b]

From the figure, At least two = exactly two + exactly three Conclusion is false because possibility figure is not
=c+d+e+f possible.

41. Ans: [c]

From the figure, exactly two= c + d + f

42. Ans: [b]

From the given data we get the following diagram.
IT
SS
3. Ans: [a]
X A Option (a) is the right answer.
Y
5 4. Ans: [d]
B C Read the conclusions and then decide which of the given
conclusions logically follows from the given statements,
Z
BI NONE = 0
5. Ans: [a]
Actors Dancers Singers
X + Y + Z = 45
A + B + C = 20
Total = X + Y + Z + A + B + C + 5 = 45 + 20 + 5 = 70 (or) Dancers
There are 70 people in the locality.

43. Ans: [a] Singers Actors

Number of people who read at least two magazines is
Only (1) follows.
given by A + B + C + 5 = 20 + 5 = 25

44. Ans: [b] 6. Ans: [b]

Given
7. Ans: [d]
IT:SS:BI = 2:3:4
Let IT = 2X, SS = 3X and BI = 4X 8. Ans: [d]
But it is given that 2X = 18, X = 9 9. Ans: [a]
So, SS = 3X = 27, BI = 4X = 36
Therefore 27 persons read Sports Star. 10. Ans: [d]
Only II follows
45. Ans: [a]
The 10 people who stop reading IT and start reading BI 11. Ans: [d]
could be from region ‘X’ or from region ‘A’. If they are None follows
from ‘X’, they would be added to ‘Z’ and if they are from
12. Ans: [b]
‘A’, they would be added to ‘C’. In either case there is no
net addition to A + B + C. Therefore, the maximum value Books Papers
of A + B + C remains unchanged i.e., 20.
Books

SYLLOGISM Papers (or) Purses

Purses
State whether the given conclusion is True or False.
Bags
Bags
1. Ans: [a]
Conclusion is true. Only (2) and (3) follows.
Possibility figure –
13. Ans: [b]

14. Ans: [d]

15. Ans: [e]

I and II follow

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