Name: Selena Coronel Class: 1st block Date : October 7, 2020
Introduction to Psychology Unit Test
MATCHING In the space provided, write the letter of the term that
matches each description. Some answers will not be used.
a. random sample
1. The scientific study of
behavior and mental processes b. cognitive activities
2. Private mental processes, such c. single-blind study
as dreams and thoughts
d. psychology
3. To repeat a study
e. double-blind study
4. Individuals selected for a study
by chance from the target f. stratified sample
population
g. replicate
5. A study in which both
participants and experimenters
are unaware of who has
obtained the treatment
*The colors for each word
much the definition*
MULTIPLE CHOICE For each of the following, write the letter of the best
choice in the space provided.
sensations and subjective
6. A social psychologist would feelings?
most likely do which of the a. behaviorism
following? b. functionalism
a. study the ways in which c. psychoanalysis
men and women typically d. structuralism
behave in a given situation
b. administer an intelligence 8. Which school of psychology
test to a student focuses on how mental
c. identify the ways in which processes help organisms
buildings fail to serve adapt to their environment?
human needs a. behaviorism
d. train police officers in the b. functionalism
handling of dangerous c. psychoanalysis
situations d. structuralism
7. Which school of psychology 9. Who founded the school of
breaks down conscious psychoanalysis?
experience into objective a. B. F. Skinner
b. John B. Watson
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c. Sigmund Freud 11. What is the second step in the
d. Wilhelm Wundt research process?
a. forming a hypothesis
10. What psychological b. forming a research question
perspective focuses on the role c. testing the hypothesis
of thoughts in determining d. drawing conclusions about
behavior? the hypothesis
a. humanistic
b. cognitive 12. Gathering information by
c. psychoanalytic asking people directly is
d. learning usually accomplished by
means of a
a. laboratory observation.
b. case study.
c. natural observation.
d. survey.
13. The relationship between good
health and stress is an example
of a/an
a. dependent variable.
b. negative correlation.
c. positive correlation.
d. independent variable.
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14. Which research method is used 15. Keeping the records of
to answer questions about research participants
cause and effect? confidential is an example of
a. case study a. ethical standards.
b. experiment b. independent variables.
c. survey c. informed consent.
d. observation d. volunteer bias.
SHORT ANSWER On a separate sheet of paper, answer each of the
following questions in complete sentences. Remember to use specific
examples to support your answers.
16. What concept did B. F. Skinner introduce to the behaviorist tradition?
Skinner referred to his own philosophy as 'radical behaviorism' and suggested that the
concept of free will was simply an illusion. All human action, he instead believed,
was the direct result of conditioning.
17. What is correlation, and how do psychologists use it?
Correlation is the relationship between variable. Researchers use correlations to see if a
relationship between two or more variables exists, but the variables themselves are
not under the control of the researchers.
18. Explain informed consent.
Informed consent is the process by which researchers working with human participants
describe their research project and obtain the subjects' consent to participate in the
research based on the subjects' understanding of the project's methods and goals.
ESSAY On a separate sheet of paper, write a short essay to answer each of
the following questions. Remember to use specific examples to support
your answers.
19. Compare the cognitive and psychoanalytic perspectives of psychology.
From a psychoanalytic approach, the key will lie in recognizing and reconceptualizing
the beliefs that impede effective action.Cognitive-behaviorists are more likely to
focus on practicing positive internal locus of control behavior in contexts where
behavior mediated by such beliefs would produce reinforcing results.
20. Explain the purpose and elements of an experiment.
Four basic components that affect the validity of an experiment are the control,
independent and dependent variables, and constants. These basic requirements need
to be present and identified to consider an experiment valid.
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Unit 1 23 Review and Assessment Resources
