Presented by:
Keshab Neupane
Cement is a fin powder of Lime stone, Clay, Silica, Gypsum.
When it mix with water it forms like a paste such as Glue.
It acts as binding material between sand & aggregates.
After it sets it is harder & denser like a stone.
Cement was invented Joseph aspidin in 1824.
There are two types of cement:
1)Hydraulic cement
2) Non hydraulic cement
THE CEMENT MANUFACTURING PROCESS
Hydraulic Cement sets Any cement that does not
and hardens by ation of require water to
water. Such as Portland transform it into a solid
Cement product.
THE CEMENT MANUFACTURING PROCESS
quarry
dumper
loader
Quarry face
1. BLASTING 2. TRANSPORT
storage at
crushing
the plant
conveyor
3. CRUSHING & TRANSPORTATION
1. BLASTING : The raw materials that are used to manufacture cement (mainly limestone and clay) are blasted
from the quarry.
2. TRANSPORT : The raw materials are loaded into a dumper.
3. CRUSHING AND TRANSPORTATION : The raw materials, after crushing, are
transported to the plant by conveyor. The plant stores the materials before they are Next
homogenized.
THE CEMENT MANUFACTURING PROCESS
Raw grinding and burning
storage at Raw mill
the plant
conveyor Raw mix
1. RAW GRINDING
preheating
kiln
cooling
clinker
2. BURNING
1. RAW GRINDING : The raw materials are very finely ground in order to produce the raw mix.
2. BURNING : The raw mix is preheated before it goes into the kiln, which is heated by a flame that can
be as hot as 2000 °C. The raw mix burns at 1500 °C producing clinker which, when it leaves the kiln, is
rapidly cooled with air fans. So, the raw mix is burnt to produce clinker : the basic material needed to
make cement.
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THE CEMENT MANUFACTURING PROCESS
Grinding, storage, packing, dispatch
Gypsum and the secondary additives are added
to the clinker.
clinker
storage Finish grinding
1. GRINDING
silos
dispatch
bags
2. STORAGE, PACKING, DISPATCH
1.GRINDING : The clinker and the gypsum are very finely ground giving a “pure cement”. Other secondary
additives and cementitious materials can also be added to make a blended cement.
2. STORAGE, PACKING, DISPATCH :The cement is stored in silos before being dispatched either in
bulk or in bags to its final destination.
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There are two types of process in manufacturing of cement :
1) Dry Process.
2) Wet Process.
Dry process is preferable thanWet process
Because wet process is uneconomical .
Raw materials are homogenized by crushed ,
grinded and blended.
The mix will be turned into form of slurry by
adding 30 - 40% of water.
It is then heated to about 2750ºF (1510ºC) in horizontal
revolving kilns .
Clinker are obtained and they are of size around
18mm.
They are powdered and add 2 to 3% of Gypsum.
Then they are packed in bags and placed in a
dry place.
Raw materials such as lime, clay are crushed separately.
The powder of lime & clay are mixed in certain proportion.
Then they passed to heat over a temperature of 1500°C.
Small ball shaped structures are formed
called clinkers around 18mm in size.
Clinkers are collected and grind them and then add 3 to 5%
of Gypsum.
And the resultant obtained is cement is packed in bags
Those bags are stored in a dry place.
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