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1308620027-Marisa Hana Damayanti-Laprak Akhir 1

The document reports the results of an experiment measuring the oscillation period of a pendulum with masses of 20 grams and string lengths of 63 cm, 83 cm, and 98 cm. For each string length, the experiment was repeated 5 times to determine the period. The period was then used to calculate the acceleration due to gravity using the formula for the oscillation of a simple pendulum. The calculated values of g ranged from 9.47 to 10.1 m/s2. A graph of period squared versus string length was also plotted and the slope was used to determine another value of g, which was then compared to the calculated values.
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0% found this document useful (0 votes)
57 views12 pages

1308620027-Marisa Hana Damayanti-Laprak Akhir 1

The document reports the results of an experiment measuring the oscillation period of a pendulum with masses of 20 grams and string lengths of 63 cm, 83 cm, and 98 cm. For each string length, the experiment was repeated 5 times to determine the period. The period was then used to calculate the acceleration due to gravity using the formula for the oscillation of a simple pendulum. The calculated values of g ranged from 9.47 to 10.1 m/s2. A graph of period squared versus string length was also plotted and the slope was used to determine another value of g, which was then compared to the calculated values.
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F.

DATA PENGAMATAN
Massa bandul: 20 gram
Panjang tali : 63 cm, 83 cm, 98 cm

1. L = 63 cm
Percobaan ke- Getaran Waktu (detik)
1 10 15,99
2 10 15,99
3 10 15,79
4 10 15,80
5 10 15,70

2. L = 83 cm
Percobaan ke- Getaran Waktu (detik)
1 10 18,25
2 10 18,16
3 10 18,26
4 10 18,17
5 10 18,20

3. L = 98 cm
Percobaan ke- Getaran Waktu (detik)
1 10 19,99
2 10 19,85
3 10 20,21
4 10 20,20
5 10 20,14
NST Neraca: 0,01 gram

NST Mistar : 0,1 cm atau 0,001 meter


G. ANALISIS DATA
1. DATA TUNGGAL
A. L = 63 cm = 0,63 meter
1 1
𝛥𝐿 = 2 𝑛𝑠𝑡 = 2 × 0,001 = 0,0005 meter
𝛥𝐿
𝐾𝑆𝑅 = × 100%
𝐿
0,0005
𝐾𝑆𝑅 = × 100% = 0,0793% (4 AP)
0,63

(𝐿 ± 𝛥𝐿) = (0,63 ± 0,0005) meter

B. L = 83 cm = 0,83 meter
1 1
𝛥𝐿 = 2 𝑛𝑠𝑡 = 2 × 0,001 = 0,0005 meter
𝛥𝐿
𝐾𝑆𝑅 = × 100%
𝐿
0,0005
𝐾𝑆𝑅 = × 100% = 0,0602% (4 AP)
0,83

(𝐿 ± 𝛥𝐿) = (0,83 ± 0,0005) meter

C. L = 98 cm = 0,98 meter
1 1
𝛥𝐿 = 2 𝑛𝑠𝑡 = 2 × 0,001 = 0,0005 meter
𝛥𝐿
𝐾𝑆𝑅 = × 100%
𝐿
0,0005
𝐾𝑆𝑅 = × 100% = 0,0510% (4 AP)
0,98

(𝐿 ± 𝛥𝐿) = (0,98 ± 0,0005) meter


2. DATA MAJEMUK
A) L: 63 cm Massa: 20 gram
Percobaan
n (Getaran) t (Waktu) T (t/n) T²
ke-
1 10 15,99 1,60 2,56
2 10 15,99 1,60 2,56
3 10 15,79 1,58 2,50
4 10 15,80 1,58 2,50
5 10 15,70 1,57 2,46
Jumlah Total ∑T = 7,93 ∑T² = 12,58
∑𝑇 1 𝑛(∑𝑇 2 )–(∑𝑇)2 ∆𝑇
𝑇= ∆T = 𝑛 √ KSR = . 100%
𝑛 𝑛–1 𝑇

7,93 1 5(12,58)–(7,93)2 0.0122882057274445


= = 5√ = . 100%
5 5–1 1,586

1
= 1,586 s = √0.003775 = 0.007747% (4 AP)
5

= 0.0122882057274445 s

Maka, (𝑻 ± ∆𝐓) = (±𝟎. 𝟎𝟏𝟐𝟐𝟖𝟖𝟐𝟎𝟓𝟕𝟐𝟕𝟒𝟒𝟒𝟓 𝒔)


B) L: 83 cm Massa: 20 gram
Percobaan
n (Getaran) t (Waktu) T (t/n) T²
ke-
1 10 18,25 1,82 3,31
2 10 18,16 1,82 3,31
3 10 18,26 1,83 3,35
4 10 18,17 1,82 3,31
5 10 18,20 1,82 3,31
Jumlah Total ∑T = 9,11 ∑T² = 16,59

∑𝑇 1 𝑛(∑𝑇 2 )–(∑𝑇)2 ∆𝑇
𝑇= ∆T = 𝑛 √ KSR = . 100%
𝑛 𝑛–1 𝑇

9,11 1 5(16,59)–(9,11)2 0,0088881944173156


= = 5√ = . 100%
5 5–1 1,822

1
= 1,822 𝑠 = 5 √0,001975 = 4,878% (4 AP)

= 0,0088881944173156 s

Maka, (𝑻 ± ∆𝐓) = (±𝟎, 𝟎𝟎𝟖𝟖𝟖𝟖𝟏𝟗𝟒𝟒𝟏𝟕𝟑𝟏𝟓𝟔 𝐬)


C) L: 98 cm Massa: 20 gram
Percobaan
n (Getaran) t (Waktu) T (t/n) T²
ke-
1 10 19,99 2,00 4,00
2 10 19,85 1,98 3,92
3 10 20,21 2,02 4.08
4 10 20,20 2,02 4.08
5 10 20,14 2,01 4.04
Jumlah Total ∑T = 10,03 ∑T² = 20,12
∑𝑇 1 𝑛(∑𝑇 2 )–(∑𝑇)2 ∆𝑇
𝑇= ∆T = 𝑛 √ KSR = . 100%
𝑛 𝑛–1 𝑇

10,03 1 5(20,12)–(10,03)2 0.1263487237766967


= = 5√ = . 100%
5 5–1 2,006

1
= 2,006 𝑠 = 5 √0,3991 = 0.06298% (4 AP)

= 0.1263487237766967 s

Maka, (𝑻 ± ∆𝐓) = (±𝟎. 𝟏𝟐𝟔𝟑𝟒𝟖𝟕𝟐𝟑𝟕𝟕𝟔𝟔𝟗𝟔𝟕 𝐬)


H. PERHITUNGAN
1. Hitunglah nilai g dengan menggunakan data-data yang telah anda peroleh
dari percobaan!

PEMBAHASAN:
4π2 ℓ
A) ℓ: 63 cm = 0,63 meter Rumus: g = T2

Percobaan
n (Getaran) t (Waktu) T (t/n) T²
ke-
1 10 15,99 1,60 2,56
2 10 15,99 1,60 2,56
3 10 15,79 1,58 2,50
4 10 15,80 1,58 2,50
5 10 15,70 1,57 2,46
4(3,14)2 . 0,63
• g₁ = = 9,70 m/s²
2,56

4(3,14)2 . 0,63
• g₂ = = 9,70 m/s²
2,56

4(3,14)2 . 0,63
• g₃ = = 9,90 m/s²
2,50

4(3,14)2 . 0,63
• g₄ = = 9,90 m/s²
2,50

4(3,14)2 . 0,63
• g₅ = = 10,1 m/s²
2,46
4π2 ℓ
B) ℓ: 83 cm = 0,83 meter Rumus: g = T2
Percobaan
n (Getaran) t (Waktu) T (t/n) T²
ke-
1 10 18,25 1,82 3,31
2 10 18,16 1,82 3,31
3 10 18,26 1,83 3,35
4 10 18,17 1,82 3,31
5 10 18,20 1,82 3,31
4(3,14)2 . 0,83
• g₁ = = 9,89 m/s²
3,31

4(3,14)2 . 0,83
• g₂ = = 9,89 m/s²
3,31

4(3,14)2 . 0,83
• g₃ = = 9,77 m/s²
3,35

4(3,14)2 . 0,83
• g₄ = = 9,89 m/s²
3,31

4(3,14)2 . 0,83
• g₅ = = 9,89 m/s²
3,31
4π2 ℓ
C) ℓ: 98 cm = 0,98 meter Rumus: g = T2

Percobaan
n (Getaran) t (Waktu) T (t/n) T²
ke-
1 10 19,99 2,00 4,00
2 10 19,85 1,98 3,92
3 10 20,21 2,02 4.08
4 10 20,20 2,02 4.08
5 10 20,14 2,01 4.04
4(3,14)2 . 0,98
• g₁ = = 9,67 m/s²
4,00

4(3,14)2 . 0,98
• g₂ = = 9,86 m/s²
3,92

4(3,14)2 . 0,98
• g₃ = = 9,47 m/s²
4,08

4(3,14)2 . 0,98
• g₄ = = 9,47 m/s²
4,08

4(3,14)2 . 0,98
• g₅ = = 9,57 m/s²
4,04
2. Gambarlah grafik hubungan T² terhadap l , kemudian tentukan koefisien
arah garis lurus yang terjadi, lalu tentukan harga g dari grafik tersebut,
kemudian bandingkanlah dengan hasil perhitungan yang saudara dapat
(jelaskan)!

PEMBAHASAN:

Chart Title
120

100 y = 17.5x + 46.333


R² = 0.9932
Panjang tali (cm)

80

60
Series1
40 Linear (Series1)

20

0
0 1 2 3 4
Jumlah Periode Getaran Kuadrat (s)

• Percepatan Gravitasi (g)

4π2 ℓ
g= T2

y = mx+c

𝑑𝑦 𝜕𝑚𝑥 + 𝑐
=
𝑑𝑥 𝜕𝑥
𝑑𝑦
=m
𝑑𝑥

∆𝑦 ∆ℓ ℓ
𝑚 = ∆𝑥 = ∆T2 = T2

y = 17,5x + 46,333 → m = 17,5

g = 4m𝜋²
22 2
= 4. 17,5 ( 7 ) = 687,974 cm/s² → 6,879740 m/s²

• Derajat Kepercayaan (DK)


DK= R²×100%
= 0,09932×100%
= 9,932%

• Kesalahan Relatif (KR)


KR= 100% - DK
= 100% - 9,932%
= 90,068%

• Ketidakpastian
𝛥𝑔
KR = × 100%
𝑔
𝐾𝑅
𝛥𝑔 = 𝑔 × 100%
90,068%
= 6,879740 ×
100%
= 6,19 m/s²

• Pelaporan Fisika
g = |g ± Δg| m/s²
= |6,879740 ± 6,19| m/s²
I. KESIMPULAN

Berdasarkan hasil pengamatan, dapat disimpulkan bahwa:

1. Ayunan matematis adalah suatu titik benda yang digantungkan pada


suatu titik tetap dengan menggunakan tali.
2. Besar kecilnya nilai percepatan gravitasi bergantung pada panjang tali
dan periode ayunan.
3. Besar sudut akan memengaruhi ayunan karena adanya gaya yang
besarnya sebanding dengan jarak suatu titik, sehingga selalu menuju titik
keseimbangan.
4. Perhitungan percepatan gravitasi yang diperoleh menggunakan rumus.
5. Kurangnya ketelitian saat menghitung waktu dan sudut merupakan
penyebab terjadinya perbedaan data yang diperoleh.
DAFTAR PUSTAKA

Tim Dosen Fisika Dasar. (2018). Panduan Praktikum Dasar 1. Jakarta: Laboratorium
FMIPA Universitas Negeri Jakarta, hlm. 8-10

Widya, Herma. (2019). Variasi Bentuk Bandul Untuk Meningkatkan Pemahaman


Peserta Didik Dalam Penentuan Nilai Gravitasi Bumi Pada Ayunan Sederhana. JIFP
(Jurnal Ilmu Fisika dan Pembelajarannya), 3(1), 42-46

Setyadin, A. H., Ferahenki, A. R., Ramayanti, S., Sholihat, F. N., Nugraha, M. G.,
Saepuzaman, D., Samsudin, A., Utama, J. A., Susanti, H., Kirana, K. H. (2016).
Optialisasi Bandul Matematis Menggunakan Tracker Dalam Penentuan Perubahan
Percepatan Gravitasi Permukaan Bumi (g) Akibat Gerhana Matahari Sebagian
(GMS). Prosiding Seminar Nasional Fisika (E-Journal), 5, 1-4

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