DOMINICAN COLLEGE OF TARLAC

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Tel.No. (045) 491-7579/Telefax (045) 925-0519
E-mail: domct [email protected]

COLLEGE DEPARTMENT
A.Y. 2020-2021, First Semester

ONLINE LEARNING MODULE 2

I. Subject: EDUC 8 – Technology for Teaching and Learning 1

II. Learning Outcomes:
1. Describe the merging of traditional technology with the development of digital
technology.
2. Relate your personal experiences in the various stages in the history of
technology.
III. Topic/Lesson: Historical Development of Educational Technology
IV. Days of Learning Sessions:
Online/Modular
BEED 2A - Fri/Wed
BEED 2B - Sat/Thurs
BEED 2C - Fri/Wed
BSED E2A - Thurs/Sat
BSED E2B - Wed/Fri
BSED E2C - Sat/Thurs
V. Expected Outcome:
Trace the significant events in the history of educational technology.
VI. Delivery:
1. Thought Processing
1.1. Pre-assessment Activity (Collaboration)
Describe the various technologies in the history of technology by
exemplifying them by age.

Unlike their bronze counterparts, iron

As technology advanced, increasingly Earlier stone models quickly replaced bronze
instruments and guns were not as hard
sophisticated stone tools were developed by tools and firearms. The first individuals to
or durable. After people learned how to
humans. This included hand axes, spear reach the Bronze Age may have been the
make steel, a much stronger metal, by
points for big game hunting, scrapers that ancient Sumerians in the Middle East. During
heating iron with carbon, the use of iron
could be used for shredding plant fibers and the Bronze Age, human beings made many
became more common. The Hittites, who
making clothing to prepare animal hides and technical advancements, including the first
lived in what is now Turkey during the
awls. writing systems and the invention of the
Bronze Age, may have been the first to
wheel.
Technology during the Stone Age make steel. Technology
Technology during the Bronze Age
during the Iron Age

EDUC 8 – TECHNOLOGY FOR TEACHING AND LEARNING 1 – MODULE 2 Page 1

 2. Presentation Phase:

The 3-A Approach

a. ANALYSIS (Communication)
Compare and contrast the different stages of Educational Technology.
 six stages that learners move through as they learn to use
technology: awareness, learning the process, understanding the
application of the process, familiarity and confidence, adaptation
to other contexts, and creative applications to new contexts.

b. ABSTRACTION (Critical Thinking)

Read the following elaborations to further aid your understanding.

HISTORICAL DEVELOPMENT OF EDUCATIONAL TECHNOLOGY

Not many of you perhaps may be interested in history. However,

the events in the past help us understand the present and guide us to
define and set directions for the future.

The presence of too many technologies today makes us wonder

how all these machines and gadgets came into existence. How can
sound and light travel? The most intriguing question perhaps is to know
how pictures are transmitted. We have gone a long way in the evolution
and development of technology.

If we study about the history of technology in general, we are

likewise thinking about the invention of tools, gadgets and other
techniques. These include methods such as language and stone tools to
a more complex engineering and information technology that began in the
1980s. In addition, the history of technology tells us about the
development of systematic techniques for making and doing things.

In this lesson, you will enhance your knowledge and

understanding about educational technology by tracing the various stages
in its historical growth and development. Is communication the same
today as it was decades and centuries ago? Let’s find out.

Communication is a basic element in effective teaching. It is an

act of transmitting information and ideas from the sender to the receiver.
In teaching, we can trace the history of educational technology by
focusing on the modes of communication.

The use of human voice through oral communication is the

earliest medium of teaching. In the olden times, all forms of literature
such as stories, folklore, and news were transmitted through oral
communication.

By the fifth century B.C., written documents existed and marked

the emergence of writing to support the oral communication. Using the
feather pen dipped in ink, scholars and philosophers transmitted their
teachings in manuscripts and other written documents.

EDUC 8 – TECHNOLOGY FOR TEACHING AND LEARNING 1 – MODULE 2 Page 2

 In the 12th century A.D., slate boards were in use in India. But it
was not until the turn of the 18 th century that schools started using slate
boards and blackboards. And at the end of the World Ward II, the U.S.
Army started using overhead projectors for training. It was widely used
for lecture presentations in the late 1950 and early late 1950 and early
1960’s until it was eventually replaced by electronic projectors.

While telephone came in as early as in the late 1870’s, it never

served as a main tool to education. It did not also serve in the delivery of
distance education programs due to high cost.

The history of photography started with the discovery of the

principle of the camera obscura or a dark room and the observation that
some substances are visibly altered when exposed to light. The first
successful photographic process was made in 1839 which marked the
birth of practical photography. The development of photographic process
started in 1820 and was attributed to Nicephore Niepce and late on
pursued by his associate Louise Daguerre.

The development in photographic process gave birth to filmstrips

and 35 mm slides. The filmstrip was a common form of still picture
instructional multimedia, used by the teachers in primary and secondary
schools. From the 1940s to 1980s, filmstrips provided an easy and
inexpensive alternative to 16mm educational films which eventually led to
the emergence of programmed instruction in slides or in filmstrip version.

The introduction of computer-based electronic digital cameras in

the 1990s revolutionized photography. During the first decade of the 21 st
century, the use of traditional film-based photochemical methods
gradually became less popular as digital photo development was
preferred due to image quality and the lower price of digital cameras.

A man named Cros is remembered as the earliest inventor of

sound recording and reproduction device. But history tells us that in 1877
Thomas Edison invented the first mechanical phonograph cylinder sound
recording machine. The invention of sound and audio recordings was
taken as a positive development in education as schools started to use
them as a tool to deliver instruction. These audio recordings came in
various formats, from the rounded playing record, open reel tapes and
cassette tapes to compact disks or CDs.

The British Broadcasting Corporation (BBC) began broadcasting

educational radio programs for schools in the 1920s. They made the first
adult education radio broadcast in 1924. The use of television for
education was first recorded in 1970 and quickly spread around the world.

In 1976 the first Betamax Video Cassette Recorded or VCR was

introduced in the United States of America, Japan Victor Corporation’s
(JVC) first introduced the VHS (video home system) that doubles the
recording time of the beta format. So just like the audio recordings, the
video technology came out in various formats, from Betamax, VHS to
DVDs.
Fiber-optic cable was first used to distribute cable TV
programming in1976. This new technology increases potential capacity
and improves picture reception. Hence, educational television channels
such as National Geographic and the History channel became the source

EDUC 8 – TECHNOLOGY FOR TEACHING AND LEARNING 1 – MODULE 2 Page 3

 of educational knowledge and information particularly to the viewing
public.
The emergence and development of computer technology had its
beginning in the 19th century. The English Mathematics Professor
Charles Babbage designed the Analytical Engine which served as the
basic framework of computers today. Initially, computers were classified
into three generations. Each generation is marked by significant
improvement in features and functionalities. However, according to
Jawad Khan, there are actually five generations of computer technology.
These five generations reflect the evolutionary development not only in
features and functionalities but also in size and in their operation systems.

c. Assessment Phase:

a. Work Activities

 Use the Graphic Timeline below.

 Recall the video presentation you have just seen.
 Write in each box corresponding to the year or period in history,
significant discoveries or notable events in the history of educational
technology.

Sidney Pressey’s
Use of stick Blackboard in Teaching
and Academic Internet
machine, use of
Sharpened military Technologies
Educational
Stones Schools Films

3300 B.C 1801 1920 2000

600 A.D. 1826 1990

Use of
Use of quill Learning
camera
pen management
obscura
system

b. Take Home Tasks

Read the following online materials.

1. https://sites.google.com/site/adms647summer12/weekly-sessions/module-
1/2-week-two-week-of-september-5/history-of-educational-technology
2. https://www.slideshare.net/fvsandoval/history-of-educational-technology

EDUC 8 – TECHNOLOGY FOR TEACHING AND LEARNING 1 – MODULE 2 Page 4

 VII. Reference/s:

Bilbao, Purita P. et al. (2019) Technology for Teaching and Learning 1, Lorimar
Publishing Inc., Cubao, Quezon City

Habulan, Nenita V. (2016) Pedagogical Foundations in Educational Technology,

Technology for Teaching – Learning1, Lorimar Publishing Inc., Quezon City

Ballado, Ronato S. (2012) Basic Concepts in Educational Technology 1, Rex Book

Store, Inc. (RBSI), Sampaloc, Manila

Corpuz, Brenda B. and Lucido, Paz I. (2008) Educational Technology 1 1 st Edition,

Lorimar Publishing Inc., Quezon City

Garo, Candelaria D. (2008) Theories and Principles of Educational Technology,

National Book Store

Tabbada, Epifania V. and Buendia, Maria Mercedes (2015) Educational Technology

1, Adriana Publishing Co., Inc., Quezon City

Vindollo, Shiela C. and Buendia, Maria Mercedes C. (2016) Educational Technology

2, Adriana Publishing Co., Inc., Cubao, Quezon City

EDUC 8 – TECHNOLOGY FOR TEACHING AND LEARNING 1 – MODULE 2 Page 5