Session 15

Course Title: Engineering Mathematics

Inverse Laplace Transform-Part 1

Course Teacher: Md. Al-Amin Molla (MAAM)

Definition: If the Laplace Transform of a function 𝐹(𝑡) is 𝑓(𝑠), i.e. if ℒ 𝐹 𝑡 = 𝑓(𝑠), then 𝐹(𝑡) is
called an inverse Laplace transform of 𝑓(𝑠) and we write symbolically 𝐹 𝑡 = ℒ −1 𝑓 𝑠 where
ℒ −1 is called the inverse Laplace transformation operator.
 Some Inverse Laplace Transforms
𝑓 𝑠 𝓛−1 𝑓 𝑠 = 𝐹(𝑡)
01 1 1
𝑠>0
𝑠
02 1 𝑡
𝑠>0
𝑠2
03 1 𝑡𝑛
𝑠>0 ; 𝑛 = 0,1,2,3, …
𝑛!
𝑠 𝑛+1
𝑡𝑛
; if n is a positive fraction
Γ(𝑛+1)
04 1 𝑒 𝑎𝑡
𝑠>𝑎
𝑠−𝑎
05 1 sin 𝑎𝑡
𝑠>0
𝑠 2 + 𝑎2 𝑎
06 𝑠 cos 𝑎𝑡
𝑠>0
𝑠 2 + 𝑎2
07 1 sinh 𝑎𝑡
𝑠 > |𝑎|
𝑠 2 − 𝑎2 𝑎
08 𝑠 cosh 𝑎𝑡
𝑠 > |𝑎|
𝑠 2 − 𝑎2
 Some Important Properties of Inverse Laplace Transform

Linearity Property.
If 𝑐1 and 𝑐2 are any constants while 𝑓1 (𝑠) and 𝑓2 (𝑠) are functions with Laplace transforms 𝐹1 (𝑡) and 𝐹2 (𝑡)
respectively, then
ℒ −1 𝑐1 𝑓1 𝑠 + 𝑐2 𝑓2 𝑠
= 𝑐1 ℒ −1 {𝑓1 𝑠 } + 𝑐2 ℒ −1 𝑓2 𝑠
= 𝑐1 𝐹1 (𝑡) + 𝑐2 𝐹2 (𝑡)
This result is easily extended to more than two functions.
Example
−1
1
4 3𝑠 5 ℒ = 𝑒 𝑎𝑡
ℒ −1 − 2 + 2 𝑠−𝑎
𝑠 − 2 𝑠 + 16 𝑠 + 4
𝑠
−1
1 −1
𝑠 −1
1 ℒ −1 = cos at
= 4ℒ { } − 3ℒ { 2 } + 5ℒ 𝑠 2 + 𝑎2
𝑠−2 𝑠 + 16 𝑠2 + 4
5 1 sin 𝑎𝑡
2𝑡
= 4𝑒 − 3 cos 4𝑡 + sin 2𝑡 ℒ −1 =
2 𝑠 2 + 𝑎2 𝑎
 Evaluate the following
Homework
−1
5𝑠 + 4 2𝑠 + 18 24 − 30 𝑠
ℒ − 2 + 6 3 + 4𝑠 8 − 6𝑠
𝑠3 4𝑠 + 36 𝑠4 ℒ −1 − 2 +
2𝑠 − 3 9𝑠 − 16 16𝑠 2 + 9
5𝑠 + 4 2𝑠 + 18 24 − 30 𝑠
= ℒ −1 − +
𝑠3 4(𝑠 2 + 9) 𝑠4

5 4 2𝑠 18 24 30 𝑠
= ℒ −1 + − − + − 4
𝑠 2 𝑠 3 4(𝑠 2 + 9) 4(𝑠 2 + 9) 𝑠 4 𝑠
7
1 2! 1 𝑠 3 3 3! 30 Γ
= ℒ −1 5 2+2 3− . 2 − . + 4 − 2
𝑠 𝑠 2 𝑠 + 32 2 𝑠 2 + 32 𝑠4 Γ 7 7
2 𝑠
2

1 3 30 5
= 5𝑡 + 2𝑡 2 3
− cos 3𝑡 + sin 3𝑡 + 4𝑡 − 𝑡2
2 2 5 3 1
. . 𝜋
2 2 2

1 2
3 3
16 5
= 5𝑡 + 2𝑡 − cos 3𝑡 − sin 3𝑡 + 4𝑡 − 𝑡2
2 2 𝜋
 First Translation Or Shifting Property.
= 6𝑒 2𝑡 ℒ −1 𝑓 𝑠 + 2𝑒 2𝑡 ℒ −1 𝑓 𝑠
If ℒ −1 𝑓 𝑠 = 𝐹 𝑡 then
2𝑡 −1
𝑠 2𝑡 −1
4
= 6𝑒 ℒ 2 2
+ 2𝑒 ℒ
ℒ −1 𝑓 𝑠−𝑎 = 𝑒 𝑎𝑡 𝐹 𝑡 = 𝑒 𝑎𝑡 ℒ −1 𝑓 𝑠 𝑠 +4 𝑠 2 + 42
Evaluate
= 6𝑒 2𝑡 cos 4𝑡 + 2𝑒 2𝑡 sin 4𝑡
6𝑠 − 4
ℒ −1
𝑠 2 − 4𝑠 + 20

−1
6𝑠 − 4
=ℒ
𝑠 2 − 4𝑠 + 4 + 16

6 𝑠−2 +8 Exercises:
= ℒ −1
𝑠 − 2 2 + 16
3𝑠+7
i. ℒ −1 𝑠 2 −2𝑠−3
𝑠−2 4
= 6ℒ −1 + 2ℒ −1 −1 4𝑠+12
2
𝑠−2 +42 𝑠 − 2 2 + 42 ii. ℒ
𝑠 2 +8𝑠+16
= 6ℒ −1 𝑓 𝑠 − 2 + 2ℒ −1 𝑓 𝑠 − 2