¢tlb Designation: A 608 - 91a (Reapproved 1998) -An Aric atonal Scr ace tm eA Ee ST Se, ye STH Standard Specification for Centrifugally Cast Iron-Chromium-Nickel High-Alloy Tubing for Pressure Application at High Temperatures’ This stunda sued under te aad dsgnaton AU; th mune iene flowing the devin indus te year of vial adopt onthe cane of rvinhin th yar flan veviak Ane in prenbenes cates he yar st approval A Supescriptepion() iicates an earl change sce elses teagpove. ‘Ths andor hes hen pve or ase by agencies of the Department of Defoe 1. Seope 1 This specification covers iron-chromium-nickel, high alloy tubes made by the centrifugal casting process intended for use under pressure at high temperatures 1.2 The grades of high alloys detailed in Table 1 are imended for applications requiring strength and resistance to corrosion and scaling at high temperatures. 1.3 Optional Supplementary Requirements Si to SIL are provided: these call For additional tests to be made if desired. 1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard, 2. Referenced Documents 2.1 ASTM Standards: ‘A342 Test Methods for Permeability of Feebly Magnetic Materials? A 488/A488M Practice for Steel Castings, Welding, Quali- fication of Procedures and Personnel” A 530/AS30M Specification for General Requirements for Specialized Carbon and Alloy Stee! Pipe E8 Test Methods of Tension Testing of Metallic Materials® 21 Test Methods for Elevated-Temperature Tension Tests of Metallic Materials* E94 Guide for Radiographic Testing* E 139 Practice for Conducting Creep, Creep-Ruptare, ai Stress-Rupture Tests of Metallic Materials® E142 Method for Controlling Quality of Radiographic Testing® E151 Practice for Tension Tests of Metallic Materials at Elevated Temperatures with Rapid Heating and Conven- tional or Rapid Strain Rates* E 169 Test Method for Liquid Penetrant Examination? 3. Ordering Information 3.1 Orders for material to this specification should include the following, as required, to describe the desired material adequately: 3.1.1 Quantity (fect, centimetres, or number of lengths), 3.1.2 Name of material (centrifugally cast tubing), 1.3 Specification number and grade (Table 1), 3.14 Size (outside or inside diameter and minimum wall thickness, see Section 8). 3.1.5 Condition (see Section9, as cast or as cast with machining on outside or inside surfaces, or machined; see 5.1, 8, and 9), 1.6 Length (specific or random), (Permissible Variations in Length Section of Specification A S30V/A S30ND, 3.1.7 End finish (Ends Section of Specification A 530/ A520M), 3.1.8 Optional requirements (see 8.2.3 regarding the manu- facturer’s wall thickness allowance for as cast tubing and Supplementary Requirements SI 10 S11), 3.1.9 Test report required (see Section 13), and 3.1.10 Special requirements to be added to the specification 4. Jeneral Requirements 4.1 Material furnished under this specification shall con- form to the applicable requirements of the current edition of Specification A 530/A 530M, unless otherwise provided herein. 5, Materials and Manufacture ‘5.1 The tubing may be supplied in the as cast condition ar as cast with machining on the outside or inside surfaces, or machined, as agreed upon between the manufacturer and the purchaser,& A608 TABLE 1 Chemical Requirements Grea Conasion. Gaon ange (Ghromisn _Newsi___Phosshons__—Suur_—_~Waydenurs ra 925-035 05-40 2-90 ADmmx Gotmax O4max «50 max Oso osso55 50 max bem or Qoamar —COtmax DSO max Es o20040 50 max 26-90 on Cotma —Gbamax OD ra 30 025035 © 1S0max 00-200 19-23 S12 Qolmax Geman OSC ra Heo, o2s035 some 080-200 2B tt4 «hmm «=— Cdk OO man a" baeoae kmex 080-200 2425124 Cotman 0kmax OSU ma 35 020-040 sOmex 050-200 26-048 .OAmax «bh mex O50 Tak Hao o25035 Somx 0-200 beer tae kk ma 050 mex eed Dasoss © 80m «= 080-200 28.27 2A ma 1150 max Hes 025-095 130mm = 080.200 ae 22 OA ma 050 max Ho a3soss = tsomex =a.) te tee Dt mae 030 ao 03504 «150m © 0s0-200 «1023 eT «Oban Ge mex OSD mn 50 O4-060 = 130mm = Oko2m i188 Dotmee —demex SO man uso Oaeoso = som = 0g0-200 tetra Deemer deme OSD max ws 040-060 «150m = 050-200 11S. «SHG? OOA max Ge OSO Ta txs0 290-060___1S0ma___— 080-200 1S19— he Okman me _——OSD Ta “farang conan ersue ai Wis cempontion conan & mana amu Tanke, Seo Supplementary RoqaTonen SE as acceptance criteria under this specification since the alloys fare intended for clevated-temperature service, and room- temperature tests do not have @ dependable relationship to clevated-iemperature properties. (Where the design of the tubing is based om an assumption of certain minimum creep- upture properties, one of the supplementary requirements of this specification may be stipulated on the order to ascertain the ability of the material to meet the design properties.) 8. Permissible Vari 8.1 Machined Tubing (Tubing Machined on Inside and Outside) 8.1.1 The tolerances given in Specification A S30/A 530M shall govern, except that the wall thickness shall not vary over the specified minimum wall thickness by more than 10 % or ‘Ao in., whichever is greater. There shall be no variation under the specified minimum wall thickness 8.2 As-Cast Tubing (No Machining or Machined on Inside or Ouside) 82.1 Ouiside Diameter (For Tubes Ordered to Outside Diameter): 2.1.1 Tubes machined on the outside shall meet the requirements of Specification A S30/4 530M. 8.2.1.2 Tubes not machined on the outside shall meet the permissible variations of Table 2. 8.2.2 Inside Diameter (For Tubes Ordered to Inside Diam eter: 8.22.1 ‘Tubes machined on the inside shall meet the require- ments of Specification A SA 530M. Wn in Dimensions TABLE 2_ Permissible Variations in As-Cast Outside Diameter missle Piso Mins Seve Outs Daneter et Tue __‘Vanaone Hom Spectod Oust Diol Fonzes wo ‘008 20 Over dia 2 200 19 500 030 25 Dae 1240 28 300 fo ea0 042 30 Over 2410 6 800 sa0 oi at Over 9510 84 800 1550, om et 8.2.2.2 Tubes not machined on the inside shall have permis- sible variations as agreed upon by the purchaser and the manufacturer, 8.2.3 Wall Thickness—The wall thickness shall nat exceed the calculated minitium as cast wall thickness by more tan the limits shown in Table 3. The calculated minimum wall thick- ness shall be equal to the specified minimum wall thickness plus the manufacturer's allowance for “inside surface feed metal” and outside surface roughness. Upon request, the manufacturer's allowance shall be furnished fo the purchaser. There shall be no variation under the calculated minimum as cast wall thickness, For tubes over 24 t0 54 in, (600 (© 1350 mm) in diameter the “permissible variations over specified ‘minimum as cast wall thickness” shall be agreed upon by the manufacturer and the purchaser. 8.2.4 Lengih—If definite lengths are ordered, no length of tubing shall be under the length specified and not longer than the tolerance shown in Table 4, 9. Finish. 9.1 Machined Tubing—All tubes shall be reasonably straight and free of rejectable indications. AI visual iregular ties shall be explored for depths. When the depth encroaches on the specified minirnum wall thickness, such irregularities shall be considered rejectable indications. 9.2 As-Cast Tubing: 9.2.1 The outside surface shall be adequately cleaned (such as by shotblasting, sandblasting, wire brushing, grinding, or machining). The metal surface so revealed shall be visually Inspected and shall be free of linear discontinuities or other TABLE 3. Permissible Variations in As-Cast Wall Thickness (Cauates trem ke Cast Wal Tinos Spectied Ouse Dtameter of Tubeg Fonz Ber 200 20 Over 31032 1500 300 310 25 Geer 12 28 300 6 600 O13 33i) A 608 TABLE 4 Excess Length Tolerances for Centritugally Cast Tubes Cusde Dimer of Tike fermi, Over 260 54 2010 1260, ‘ imperfections that encroach on the spes the tube. 9.2.2 Various degrees of surface roughness occur om unma- chined tubing. If a specific surface finish is required, it shall be ‘a matter of agreement between the manufacturer and the purchaser, 9.3 Surface Irregularities Not Classified as Rejectable— fl surface defects that have been explored and that do not fencroach on the minimum sound wall thickness shall be blended cither by machining or grinding the surface into the ‘surrounding unaffected surface arca of the tubing. 84 Repair by Welding—Repair of injurious defects. by Welding shall be permited and major weld repairs shall be permitted only subject to the approval of the purchaser. Weld repairs shall be considered major if the depth of the cavity prepared for welding exceeds 20 % of the required minimam wall thickness or if the total surface area exceeds 10 in? (64 ccm’). Defects shall be completely removed before welding. If defects ate linear, complete removal shall be checked by liquid penetrant inspection (Practice E 165). Only qualified operators and procedures in accordance with Practice A 488/A 488M shall be used. All weld repairs shall be subjected to the same inspection standard as the tubing. 10. Pressure Test 10.1 All tubing shall be subjected to an internal air pressure of at least 75 psi (517 kPa) for at least 1 min either while submerged in clear water or with the entire outer surface coated \with sulfur-free soap suds atthe discretion of the manufacturer, In the usable portion of the tube, leaks are not permitted. IF the Hydrostatic Test, Supplementary Requirement S6, is invoked, the exact details of the test and testing procedure shall be clearly defined and made a part of the Ordering Information 3.1.8) 10.2 Leaks may be repaired by welding only if such repair is approved by the purchaser. 11, Flattening Test LL.1 Flatiening tests are not required since material covered by this specification is not intended to be bent, flanged, or otherwise formed, 12. Mechanical Tests Required 124 Air Pressure Test—Each length of tubing shall be subjected to the pressure test described in Section 10. 13, Certification 13.1 Upon request of the purchaser in the contract or order, ‘a manufacturer's certification that the material was manufac- ‘ured and tested in accordance with this specification together ‘with a report of the test results shall be furnished atthe time of shipment. 14, Product Marking 14.1 In addition to the marking prescribed in Specification AS30/A 530M, the marking shall include the length, an additional symbol “S" if the bing conforms to the supple- mentary requirements specified in Supplementary Requi ments St to SIT, and the beat number or manufacturer's number by which the tube can be identified, and, when as cast (see 8.2), the notation “AS CAST.” 18. Keywords 15.1 centrifugal casting; pressure containing parts; steet lube; alloy; temperature service applications; high SUPPLEMENTARY REQUIREMENTS One or more of the following supplementary requirements may become a part of the specification when specified on the inguiry or invitation to bid, and purchase order or contract. SI. Product Analysis, S11 Product analysis may be made on any length of tubing. Individual lengths failing to conform to the chemical require- ments shall be rejected. For product analysis the outside surface of the tube shall be ground clean before sampling and ‘a sample taken from this area by drilling. I drillings are taken, the drill should penetrate at least to the mid point of the tube wall, but the inner % in, (3 mm) of the tube wall shall not be Inchided in the sample unless the tube has been bored. S2. Short-Time, High-Temperature Tension Test 2.1 Short-time, high-temperature tension tests. shall be made from a longitudinal or transverse section cut from the end of the tubing representing each heat or lot as agreed upon between the manufacturer and the purchaser. ‘82.2 The test specimen shall conform to the dimensions shown in Fig. 7 o 9 of Test Methods E 8, or as described in Practice E 151. The specimen gage diameter shall not encroach (on the zone of feed metal when cut from an as-cast tube. 3 The specimen shall be subjected to a short-time tension test at a temperature of 1400°F (760°C), 1600°F (871°C), 1800°F (982°C), or 2000°F (1093°C), as selected by the purchaser. During the test the temperature range shall be maintained within = 10°F (5.5°C) at the selected temperature If the temperature is not specified by the purchaser, the test Shall be conducted at 1600°F (871°C). Processing by heat treatment to improve the hot tensile strength of the material or specimen shall not be permitted. However, the specimens mayib A 608 be aged for 24 h at test temperature before testing. $24 The test shall be made in accordance with Practice 21 except that the speed of the head of the testing machine shall be so adjusted that the cross-head speed shall riot exceed 0405 in. (1.3 mmyfin, 25 mmy/min. ‘82.5. The test specimens shall conform to properties agreed uupon between the manufucturer and the purchaser. The values shown in Table SI may be used as a guide, S3. Stress Rupture Test S31 The stress rupture test shall be made from a longitu inal o- transverse section cut from the end of the tubing representing each heat or lot as agreed upon between the ‘manufacturer and the purchaser. $3.2 The conditions of testing may be specified by the purchaser as either: $32.1 1600°F (870°C) and an initial sess of 10 000 psi (68.9 MPa) or 8000 psi (55.2 MPa), or $32.2 {80°F (982°C) and an initial stress of 6000 psi (41.3 MPa) or 4000 psi (27.6 MPa). '$3.2.3 If not specified, the test temperature shall be 1600°F (870°C) and the siress 10.000 psi (68.9 MPa). During the test the temperature range shall be maintained within +10°F (55°C) of the selected temperature, The test specimen shall conform to the dimensions shown in Fig. 7 or 9 of Test ‘Methods E 8 of as described in Practice E 139. The specimen age diameter shall not encroach on the zone of feed metal ‘when cut from an as-cast tube. 53.3 The stress rupture test shall be made in accordance with Practice F139. Measurements of creep rate shall not be required. The test shall be considered complete after the specimen tas endured the specified stress for the minimum ‘acceptable time. Processing by heat treatment to improve the creep resistance of the material or specimen shall not be permitted. However, the specimens may be aged for 24 h at test, temperature before testing. $3.4 The test specimens shall conform to properties agreed ‘upon between the manufacturer anc! the purchaser. The values shown in Table $2 may be used as a guide TABLE S2_ Minimum Time to Rupture Values for Centrfugally (Cast Heat-Rosietant Alloy Tubing inenum Rupr Lt ro ‘co «ROSE 1000 Gude wer) ) aR) tWo0dpsi S000) 000s, 4000 gst (nPa) (SMPs) an ray? Gates) em. 60 so" 50 30 et Heo 76 Pr a Heo 2% a ed a 2 “anus con shoud ene at We compoaton sonan& aval amount of frie See Suplemertary Requrement 3. 4. Room-Temperature ‘Tension Test S41 The manufacturer shall perform one tension test at room temperature on material from each heat. The properties 10 be met are a matter of agreement between the purchaser and the ‘manufacturer. SS. Control of Ferrite 85.1 The amount of ferrite in the metal structure of Alloys HFS0, HH33, and HISS shall be controlled to limit the magnetic permeability to a maximum of 1.05. $5.2 Test specimens for magnetic permeability measure- ments to determine delta ferrite content shall be in accordance ‘with the applicable specimen requirements of Test Methods A342. Apparatus (0 perform the magnetic permeability mea- surements shall be in accordance with the requirements of Test Methods A342 (Section 1, 2, or 3) whether individually constructed or obtained commercially. Prior to testing the test specimen material shail be heated 2000°F (1093°C),, hreld within +25°F (14°C) range of this teruperature for 24 h, and then quenched in water. After quenching, all scale and superficial oxidized metal shall be removed from the specimen prior to testin 6. Hydrostatic Test S6.1 Hydrostatic tests shall be performed in ac dance TABLE S1 Minimum Elevated Temperature Tensile Strength and Elongation Values for Centrifugal Cast Heat-Resistant Allay Tubing ‘H00'r (760) 100" art 00 92°04 oar 089 ‘ome ovale “eri Tee os Teste son ‘stenaih, ra ‘stenath, ora sung, ae ‘swengh, fe patra) Pa) aura) zs pe Pa) i ree ‘=i0 o 760 @ © eas, eo oso 750 ee as Gy a wot Seco 79 450 89 (note use aoe 1000) 79) oe 0 "ea 120 ss10 100 en an soot 000 80 a0 120 cca 200 (138) (565) ao ase 000 80 ‘0 120 (3) 5) Ho econ $000 90 7500 veo cen 280 (7) 5 Gin eam) ao ceo 70 18500 60 od 180 ‘eae 220 {2001 ira) oon a9, “iiheae values ae ob rt mamfacunng cro shou naire Wa hese Gonpoli Gotan a Tani 4 aunt oer. So uppameniry equrarent 55,(jb A 608 with the Hydrostatie Test Requirements Section of Specifica- tion A 530/A 530M or as agreed upon between the manufac turer and the purchaser, 'S7. Metal Structure and Btching Tests 87.1 Etching tests (NoteNote $1) shall be made on trans- verse or longitudinal sections from any tube, and shall show sound and reasonably uniform material within the specified sound wall area, free of injurious laminations and. similar objectionable defects. If the specimen from either end of any length shows objectionable defects, one rerest shall be permit- ted from that end. If this fails, the length shall be cut back until sound metal is obtained. [Noe Si—Pending devolopment of specific eching methods applicable to the materials covered by his specification, iis rconnmended thatthe Revonmmended Practice for a Standard Macro-Eich Test for Routine Inspection of tron and Stel, deserted inthe Mezals Handbonk, American Society for Mets, 1948 edition, p. 389, be followed, S72 The nature of these heat eeisan alloys produced by the cenit sa] process may eause them to exhibit a diference in grain size from Jength to lent and within an individ length This cifernce in grain ‘ize shall not he eause for rection ‘88. Photomicrographs $8.1 The manufacturer shall furnish one photomicrograph ‘at 100 diameters from a specimen of tubing in the as-finished condition representing each heat. Such photomicrographs shall be suitably identified as to tubing size, wall thickness, and heat number. No photomicrographs for the individual pieces pur- chased shall be required except as specified in Supplementary Requirement $9. Such photomicrographs are for information comly, to show the actual metal structure of the tubing as furnished, 9. Photomicrographs for Individual Pieces ‘89.1 In addition to the photomicrographs required in aecor- dance with Supplementary Requirement S8, photomicrographs shall be furnished from one or both ends of a length of tubing All photomicrographs required shall be properly identified as to heat number, size, and wall thickness of tubing from which the section was taken. Photomicrographs shall be further identified to permit association of each photomicrograph with the individual length of tubing it represents, ‘$10. Radiographic Inspection $10.1 The turned and bored tubing shall be examined for internal defects by means of X rays or gamma rays, The inspection procedure shall be in accordance with the Practice 1:94 or Method E 142 as agreed upon between the manufac~ turer and the purchaser. The extent of examination and the basis for acceptance shall be subject to agreement between the ‘manufacturer and the purchaser. A specification which may be Used as a basis for such agreement is Quality Standard for Steel Castings for Valves, Flanges and Fittings and Other Piping ‘Components (Radiographic Inspection Method, SP-54) of the Manufacturer's Standardization Society of the Valve and Fit- tings Industry. SH, Liquid Penetrant Inspection, S11.1 Liquid penetrant inspection shall be performed only fon those areas of the tubing which have been suitably prepared for this type of inspection by grinding, machining, polishing, ot other processing. The number of pieces. the areas to be inspected, the procedure to be used, and the standards of acceptability shall be agroed upon between the manufacturer and the purchaser. The American Socey fo Tsing and Matos skes no poston respect he vali of any pte ight asserid in connocton ‘nh any tem mentioned inns standart. sor of tvs standaré aro expres ached tht detonation cs ako any sue) Patent ons, and tes of etingorent 2 sch its, ar ena tar own response. ‘This standard subj to enon at ay tine by ho reponse tonne commie ard mist be revlewed eve fre yours ad \trotrased etarreaporved or wihdroun, You exanents are vis torr rvs of i sada or fev ona ta ares ‘pd shuld bo accessed to ASTM Headers. Your cmats ai onive cw conser neste 2 he response leche commie, which you ray ata ou tel tal your commants have nc rece & ir how you shuld Make Yet ‘ows kcown tthe ASTIN Gomme on Standart, 100 Bar Mb Dive, Wes! Conshohocken, PA 19i28,