Each tuple is divided into fields in a relation schema called.

(a) Relations
(b) Domains
(c) Queries
(d) All of above

ANSWER: B

Which of the following is not a component of the relational database environment.

(a) Users
(b) Separate files
(c) Database
(d) Queries language

ANSWER: B

(a) An audit trail.

(b) Is used to make backup copies
(c) Is the record history of operations performed on a file
(d) Can be used to restore lost information

None of above

ANSWER: B

Database management system are intended to

(a) Eliminate data redundancy

(b) Establish relationship among records in different files
(c) Maintain data integrity
(d) All of above

ANSWER: D

One approach to standardization storing of data

(a) MIS
(b) Structure programing
(c) CODASY specification
(d) None of above

ANSWER: C

Choose the RDMS which supports full fledge client server application development

(a) Dbase v
(b) Oracle
(c) Foxpro 2.1
(d) Ingress
ANSWER: B

A set of programs that handle a firms database responsbilites is called

(a) Database management system DBMS

(b) Databse processing system DBPS
(c) Data management system
(d) All of above

ANSWER: D

Which is the make given to the DBMS which is able to handle full text data image data audio and video

(a) Full media

(b) Graphics media
(c) Multimedia
(d) Hypertext

ANSWER: C

A record management system

(a) Can handle many files of information at a time

(b) Can be extract information store in computer file
(c) Always uses a list as its model
(d) Bothe a and b

ANSWER: B

A commond lets you change one or more fields in a record is

(a) Insert
(b) Modefiy
(c) Lookup
(d) None of above

ANSWER: B

A transparent DBMS

(a) Cannot hide sensitive information from the users

(b) Keeps it logical structure hidden from the users
(c) Keeps it physical structure hidden from the users
(d) Both b and c

ANSWER: C

The language used application programs to request data from the DBMS is referred to as the

(a) DML
(b) DDL
(c) Query language
 (d) Any of the above

ANSWER: A

The heighest level of the hierarchy of the organization is called

(a) Data bank

(b) Database
(c) Data file
(d) Data record

ANSWER: B

A file procedure by a spreadsheet

(a) Is generally store on a disk in an ASCI text formate

(b) Can be used as is by the DBMS
(c) Both a and b
(d) None of the above

ANSWER: A

Which of the following is not true of the traditional to information processing

(a) There is common sharing of data amoung the various application

(b) It is file oriented
(c) Programs are depended on the file
(d) It is inflexible

ANSWER: A

In an ER diagram attributes are represented by

(a) Rectangle
(b) Square
(c) Elpis
(d) Triangle

ANSWER: C

In case of entity integrate the primary key is

(a) Null
(b) Not null
(c) Both a and b
(d) Any value

ANSWER: A

The database enviorment has all of the following components except

(a) User s
 (b) Sepreate files
(c) Database
(d) Database administrator

ANSWER: B

The relational database developer refer to a record as

(a) A criteria
(b) A relation
(c) A tuple
(d) An attribute

ANSWER: C

The relational model feature is that there

(a) Is there is no need for primery key data

(b) Is much more data independence then other database model
(c) An explicit relationship amoung records
(d) Are the table with many dimensions

ANSWER: B

Conceptual design is

(a) Is a documentation technique

(b) Needs data volume and processing frenchises to determine size of the database
(c) Involves modolling indepent of the DBMS
(d) Is designing the relational model

ANSWER: C

The method in which record are physically stored in a spcifed order according to a key field in each
record is

(a) Hash
(b) Direct
(c) Squential
(d) All of the above

ANSWER: A

A subschema express

(a) The logical view

(b) Conceptual view
(c) The external view
(d) All of the above

ANSWER: C
Count function in sql return number of

(a) Values
(b) Distinct values
(c) Groups
(d) Colmns

ANSWER: A

A logical shema is

(a) Is Entire database

(b) Is a standerd way of organizing information into accessible parts
(c) Describes how data actual stored in disk
(d) Both a and c

ANSWER: B

Related fields in a database are grouped to form a

(a) Data file

(b) Data record
(c) Menu
(d) Bank

ANSWER: B

An advantage of the database management approach is

(a) Data is depended on programs

(b) Data redundancy increases
(c) Data is integrated and can be access by multiple programs
(d) None of the above

ANSWER: C

Report generator are used to

(a) Store data input by a user

(b) Retrieve information from files
(c) Answer queries
(d) Both b and c

ANSWER: D

A form defined

(a) Where data is placed on the screen

(b) The width of each fields
(c) Both a and b
(d) None of the above
ANSWER: B

A top to bottom relationship among the items in a database is established by a

(a) Hierarchical schema

(b) Network schema
(c) Relational schema
(d) All of the above

ANSWER: A

In the relational modes cardnality is termed as

(a) Numner of tuples

(b) Number of tables
(c) Number of attributes
(d) Number of constraints

ANSWER: A

Relational calculus is a

(a) Procedural language

(b) Non procedural language
(c) Data definition language
(d) High level language

ANSWER: B

The view of total database content is

(a) Conceptual view

(b) Internal view
(c) External view
(d) Physical view

ANSWER: A

Cartesian product in relational algebra is

(a) A binary operator

(b) A u binary operator
(c) A ternary operator
(d) Not defined

ANSWER: B

DML is provided for

(a) Description of logical structure of database

(b) Addition of new structures in the database system
(c) Manupliation and processing of database
In the architecture of a database system extremal level is the

(a) physical level

(b) logical level

(c) conceptual level

(d) view level

ANSWER: D

The statement in sql which allow to change the definition of a table is

(b) Update.

(a) Alter.

(c) Create.

(d) select.

Answer: B

The language which has recently become the defecto standard for interfacing application program’s
with relational database system is

(a) Oracle.

(b) SQL

(c) DBase

(d) 4GL

Answer: B

The Way a particular application views the data from the database application uses is a

(b) relational model

(a) module.

(c) schema

(d) sub schema.

Answer: D

In an E-R diagram an entity set represent by a

(a) rectangle

(b) ellipse.

(c) diamond box

d) circle.

Answer: A

A report generator is used to

(a) update files.

(b) print files on

(c) data entry.

(d) delete files.

Answer: B

A n entity set that does not have sufficient attributes to form a primary key is a

(a) strong entity set.

(b) weak entity set.

(c) simple entity set.

(d) primary entity set.

Answer: B

In a Herarchical model records are organized as

(a) Graph

(b) List

(c) Links

(d) Tree.

Answer: D

Transaction processing is associated with everything below except

(a) Producing detail, summary, or exception reports.

(b) Recording a business activity.

(c) Conforming an action or triggering a response.

(d) Maintaining data

Answer: C

It is possible to define a schema completely using

VDL AND DDL

DDL AND DML

SDL AND DML

VDL AND DML

Answer: B

The property and properties of a database is

It is an integrated collection of logically related records

It is consolidates separate files into a common pool of data record

Data stored in a database is independent of the application programs using it

All of above

Answer: D

Data independence means

(a) Data is defined separately and not included programs

(b) Programs are depend on the physical attributes of data.

(c) programs are rot dependent

Both a and b

Answer: D

The DBMS language component which can be embedded in a program is

(a) The data definition language (DDL).

(b) The data manupaliation language DML

(c) The database administrator DMA

(d) A query language

Answer: B

Which of is correct:

a SQL query automatically eliminate the dublicate key .

(b) SQL permits attribute names to be repeated in the same relation

(c) a SQL query will not work if there are indexes on the relations

(d) none of the above

Answer: D

Architecture of the database can be view as

(a) Two levels

(b) One levels

(c) Tree levels

Four levels

Answer: C

ER model uses this Symbol represent weak entity set?

(a) rectangle

(b) Diamond

(c) Doubly outlined rectangle

(d) None of these

Answer: C

SET concept is used in

(a) Network Model

(b) Hierarchical model

(c) Relational Model

(d) None of these

Answer: A

(a) Relational Algebra is

(b) Data definition language
(c) Meta language
(d) Procedure query language
(e) None of the above

Answer: C

Key to represent relations between tables is called

(a) Primary key

(b) Secondary Key

(c) Foreign Key

(d) None of these

Answer: C

Produces the relation that has attributes of RI R2

(a) Cartesian product

(b) Difference

(c) Intersection

(d) Product

Answer: C

The file organization that provides very fast access to any arbitrary record of a file is

(a) Ordered file

(b) Unordered file
(c) Hashed file
(d) B Tree

Answer: C

In a relation model relations are termed as

(a) Tuples
(b) attributes
(c) tables
(d) rows

Answer: C

The database schema writen in

(a) HLL

(d) DCL

DDL

DML

Answer: C

The ascending order of the data hierarchy is

(a) bit byte record field file database

(a) Byte bit record field file database
(b) Bit byte fields reord file database
 (c) Bit byte file record field database

Answer: C

DBMS helps archive

(a) Data independence

(b) Centralized control of data

(c) Neither a or b

(d) Both a and b

Which of the following are properties of entities?

(a) Groups

(b) Table

Attributes

Switched board

Which of the following is true of a network structure

(a) It is a physical representation of the data

(b) It allows many to many relationship
(c) It is conceptually simple
(d) It will be dominated database of the future

Answer: B

Which of the following hardware component is the most important to the operation of the database
management system

(a) High resolution video display

(b) Printer
(c) High speed large capacity disk
(d) Plotter

Answer: C

Which Of the following is a problem of file management system?

(a) difficult to update

(b) lack of data independence

(c) data redundancy

(d) all of above

Answer: D
One data dictionary software package is called

(a) DB/DC dictionary

(b) TOTAL

(c) ACCESS

(d) Data Pac

Answer: A

The function of a database is

(a) to check all input data

(b) to check all spelling

(c) to collect and organize input data

(d) to output data

Answer: C

What is the language used by most of the DBMSs for helping their users b access data?

(a) High level language

(b) SQL

(c) Query

(d) 4GL

Answer: C

model for a record management system might be

(a) handwritten list

(b) a Rolodex card
(a) A business form
(b) All of above

Answer: D

Batche processing is appropriate if

(a) Large computer system is availbe

(b) Only a small computer system available
(c) Only a few transactioln is involved
(d) None of the above

Answer: D

Large collection of files are called

 (a) Fields
(b) Record
(c) Database
(d) Sector

Answer: C

Which of the not a relational database

(a) dBaseIV
(b) 4th dimension
(c) Foxpro
(d) Reflex

Answer: D

In order to use a record management system

You need to understand the low level details of how information stored

You need to understand the model record management system uses

Both a and b

None of the above

Answer: B

Sort report generator

Are faster than index reporter Genitor

Require more disk space as compare to index reporter

Do not need to sort before generating report

Both a and b

Answer: D

The information can be transferred between the DBMS and a

(a) Spreadsheet program

(b) Processor program

(c) Graphics program

(d) all of the above

Answer: D

Witch of following fields in a student file can be used as a primary

(a) Class
(b) Social Security Number

(c) GPA

Major

Answer: A

Which of following is not an advantage of the database approach

(a) Elimination of data redundancy

(b) Ability of associate deleted data
(c) Increased security
(d) All of above

Answer: D

Prirnitive operations common to all record management system include

(a) Print

(b) Sort

(c) Look-up

(d) All of above

Answer: B

The option like Relationship sql server etc. are found in

(a) External data tab

(b) Database MS tab

(c) Create tab

(d) Home tab

Answer: B

The conceptual model is

(a) Dependent hardware.

(b) dependent on software.

(c) Dependent on both hardware and software

(d) Independent of both hardware and software

Answer: D

What is a relational ship called when it is maintained between entities?

(a) Unary

(b) Binary

(c) Ternary

(d) Quaternary

Answer: B

If a piece of data stored in to two places in the database then

Store space is wasted

Change the data in one spot will cause data inconsistency

In can more easily accessed

Both a and b

Answer: A

Which of the following contains a complete record of all activity that affected the contents of a database

During a certain period of time?

(a) Report writer

(b) Query language

(c) Data manipulation language

(d) Transaction log

Answer: D

In the DBMS approach, application programs perform the

(a) Storage function

(b) Processing functions

(c) Access control

(d) all of the above

Answer: B

It is better to use files than a DBMS when there are

(a) Stringent real-time requirement

(b) Multiple users wish to access the data

(c) Complex relationships among data

(d) All of the above.

Answer: D

Which of the operation is used if we are interested only certain columns of a table?

(a) PROJECTION

(b) SELECTION

(c) UNION

(d) JOIN

Answer: A

Which of the valid SQL type?

(a) CHARACTER

(b) NUMERIC

(c) FLOAT

(d) All of the above

Answer: D

The RDBMS terminology for a row is

(a) tuple
(b) relation
(c) attributes
(d) Degree

Answer: A

Which of the following operation need participating relations to be union compatible

(a) UNION
(b) INTERSECTION
(c) DIFFERENCE
(d) All of above

Answer: D

The full form Of DDL is

(a) Dynamic Data Language

(b) Detailed Data language
(c) Data Definition Language
(d) All of the above

Answer: C
Which of the following is an advantage of view

(a) Data security

(b) Derived columns

(c) Hiding of complex queries

(d) All of the above

ANSWER: D

Which of the following is a legal expression in SQL

(a) Select null from employee;

(b) Select name from employee;

(c) Select name from employee where salary null;

(d) None of the above

ANSWER: B

The users who use easy-to-use menu are called

(a) Sophisticated end users

(b) Naïve users

(c) Stand-alone users

(d) Casual end users.

ANSWER: B

Which of the following comparison operator in sql

(b) LIKE

(C) BETWEEN

(d) All of the above

ANSWER: D

A set of possible data values is a

(a) Attribute

(b) Degree

(c) Tuple

(d) Domain
ANSWER: C

Which of the operations constitute basic set of operations for manipulating relational data

(a) Predicate calculus

(b) Relational calculus

(c) Relational algebra

(d) None of the above

ANSWER: C

Which of the following is another name for weak entity

(a) Child

(b) Owner

(c) Dominant

(d) All of the above

ANSWER: A

Which of the following database object does not physically exist

(a) base table

(b) index

(c) view

(d) none of the above

ANSWER: C

NULL is

a) the same as 0 for integer

b) the same as blank for character
c) The same as 0 for charctor
d) Not a value

ANSWER: D

Which database level is closest to the users

(a) External

(b) Internal

(c) Physical

(d) Conceptual
ANSWER: A

Which are the two ways in which entities can participate in a relationship

(a) Passive and active

Total and partial

Simple and complex

All of the above

ANSWER: B

The result of the union opertation between R1 and R2 is a relation that include

All the tuple of R1

All the tuple of R2

All the tuple of R1 and R2

All the tuple of R1 and R2 which have common columns

ANSWER:D

Which of the following is record based logical model

(a) Network model

(b) Object oriented model
(c) E R model
(d) None of these

ANSWER: A

A data dictionary is a special file that contains

(a) The name of all fields in all files

(b) The width of all fields in all files
(c) c) The data type of all fields in all files.
(d) All of the above

ANSWER: D

A file manipulation command that extracts some of the records from a file is called

(a) Select

(b) Project

(c) Join

(d) Product

ANSWER: A
The physical location of a record is determined by a mathematical formula that transforms a file key into
a record location is

(a) B-Tree File

(b) Hashed File

(c) Indexed File

(d) Sequential file

ANSWER: B

Cross Product is a

(a) Unary Operator

(b) Ternary Operator

(c) Binary Operator

(d) Not an operator

ANSWER: C

An instance of relational schema R (A, B, C) has distinct values of A including NULL values. Which one of
the following is true

A is candidate key

A is not a candidate key

A is a primery key

Both a and c

ANSWER: B

The natural join is equal to

(a) Cartesian Product

(b) Combination of Union and Cartesian product

(c) Combination of selection and Cartesian product

(d) Combination of projection and Cartesian product

ANSWER: B

which one of the following is not true for a view

(a)View is derived from other tables

(b) View is a virtual table

(c) A view definition is permanently stored as part of the database

(d) View never contains derived columns

ANSWER: D

In E-R Diagram relationship type is represented by

(a) Ellipse

(b) Dashed ellipse

(c) Rectangle

(d) Diamond

ANSWER: D

Hierarchical model is also called

(a) Tree structure

(b) Plex Structure

(c) Normalize Structure

(d) Table Structure

ANSWER: A

To delete a particular column in a relation the command used is

(a) UPDATE

(b) DROP

(C) ALTER

(d) DELETE

ANSWER: C

operator is used to compare a value to a list of literals values that have been specified

(a) between
(b) ANY
(c) IN
(d) ALL

ANSWER: A

Consider the join of a relation with relation S. If R has m tuples and S has n tuples, then the maximum
size of join is
(a) mn

(b) m+n

(c) (m+n)/2

(d) 2(m+n

ANSWER: A

A logical schema

(a) Is the entire database

(b) Is a standard way of organizing Information into an accessible part

(c) Describe how data is actually stored on disk

(d) None of these

ANSWER: B

Which of the not a level of data abstraction

Physical Level

(b) Critical Level

(c) Logical Level

(d) View Level

ANSWER: B

Disadvantages of File systems store data is

(a) Data redundancy and inconsistency

(b) Difficulty in accessing data

(c) Data isolation

(d) All of the above

ANSWER: D

A-B tree of order m has maximum of______children

(a) M
(b) M+1
(c) M-
(d) M/2

ANSWER: A
Function divides one numeric expression by another and returns the remainder

(a) POWER

(b) MOD

(c) ROUND

(d) REMAINDER

ANSWER: B

A data manipulation command the combines the records from one or more tables is called

(a) SELECT

(b) PROJECT

(c) JOIN

(d) PRODUCT

ANSWER: C

In E-R diagram generalization is represented by

(a) Ellipse

(b) Dashed ellipse

(c) Rectangle

(d) Triangle

ANSWER: D

 is a virtual table that draws its data from the result of a n SQL SELECT statement

(a) View

(b) Synonym

(c) Sequence

(d) Transaction

ANSWER: A

The method of access which uses key transformation is known as

(a) Direct

(b) Hash

(c) Random

(d) Sequential
ANSWER: B

A table joined with itself is called

(a) Join

(b) Self Join

(c) Outer Join

(d) Equi Join

ANSWER: B

_____data type can unstructured data

(a) RAW

(b) CHAR

(C) NUMERIC

(d) VARCHR

ANSWER: A

Which of the following is not an Schema

(a) Database Schema

(b) Physical Schema
(c) Critical schema
(d) Logical schema

ANSWER: C

In an entity relationship diagram rectangle represent

(a) Entity set

(b) Attributes
(c) Database
(d) Tables

ANSWER: A

Which of the following is not a storage manager component

(a) Transaction manager

(b) Logical manager
(c) Buffer manager
(d) File manager

ANSWER: B
Data manipulation language enables user to

(a) Retrieval information from the database

(b) Insertion of new information into the database
(c) Deletion of information from the database
(d) All of the above

ANSWER: D

A database management system is

(a) Collection of interrelated data

(b) Collection of programs to access data
(c) Collection of data describing one particular enterprise
(d) All of above

ANSWER:A

Which of the following is database language

(a) Data definition language

(b) Data manipulation language
(c) Query language
(d) All of above

ANSWER: A

Which of the following in not a function of DBA

(a) Network maintenance

(b) Routine maintenance
(c) Schema definition
(d) Authorization of data access

ANSWER:

Which of the following is a Data Model

(a) Entity Relationship model

(b) Relational data model

(c) Object Based data model

(d) All of the above

ANSWER: D

Which of the following represents a relationship among a set of values.

(a) A Row

(b) A Table
(c) A Field

(d) A Column

ANSWER: A

Column header is refer as

(a) Table

(b) Relation

(c) Attributes

(d) Domain

ANSWER: C

 In mathematical term Table is referred

(a) Relation
(b) Attributes
(c) Tuple
(d) Domain

ANSWER: A

Which of the following is Relation algebra Operation

(a) Select

(b) Union

(c) Rename

(d) All of the above

ANSWER: D

 Which of the following in not Outer JOIN

(a) Left outer join

(b) Right outer join

(c) Full outer join

(d) All of the above

ANSWER: D

Which of the following is not an Aggregate function

(a) Min

(b) Max
(c) Select

(d) Avg

ANSWER: C

The attribute that can be divided into other attributes is called

(a) Simple Attribute

(b) Composite Attribute

(c) Multi-valued Attribute

(d) Derived Attribute

Answer: `B

 In an Entity-Relationship Diagram “ Ellipses” represents

(a) Attributes

(b) Weak entity set

(c) Relationship sets

(d) Multi-valued attributes

Answer: A

In an Entity-Relationship Diagram “ Diamonds ” represents

(a) Attributes

(b) Multi-valued attributes

(c) Weak entity set

Relationship set

Answer: A

Minimul super keys are called

(a) Schema keys

(b) Candidate keys
(c) Domain keys
(d) Attributes keys

Answer: B

Which of the following is not modification of the database

(a) Deletion
 (b) Insertion
(c) Sorting
(d) Updating

Answer: C

If every non-key attributes is functionally depended on the primary key the relation will be in

(a) First normal form

(b) Second normal form
(c) Third normal form
(d) Fourth normal form

Answer: C

Database locking concept is used to solve the problem of

(a) Lost Update

(b) Uncommitted Dependency

(c) Inconsistent Data

(d) All of the above

Answer: D

UML is stands for

(a) Universal Modeling Language

(b) Unified Modeling Language

(c) United Modeling Language

(d) Uni Modeling Language

Answer: B

Data Manipulation Language (DML) is not to

(a) Create information table in the Database

(b) Insertion of new information into the Database

(c) Deletion of information in the Database

(d) Modification of information in the Database

Answer: A

Which of the following option is use to retrieval of data

(a) Stack
(b) Data Structure

(c) Linked list

(d) Query

Answer: D

ODBC stands for

(a) Offline database connection

(b) Oriented database connection

(c) Open database connection

(d) None of above

Answer: C

Which SQL Query is use to remove a table and all its data from database

(a) Create Table

(b) Alter Table

(c) Drop Table

(d) None of these

Answer: C

In precedence of set operators expression is evaluated from

(a) Left to Left

(b) Left to Right

(c) Right to Right

(d) Right to Left In

Answer: B

In DBMS FD stands for

(a) Facilitate data

(b) Functional data

(c) Facilitate dependency

(d) Functional dependency

Answer: D

How many types of keys in Database Design

(a) Candidate key

(b) Primary key

(c) Foreign key

(d) All of these

Answer: D

Which of the following is based on Multi Valued Dependency

(a) First

(b) Second

(c) Third

(d) Fourth

Answer: D

Which of the following is the structure of the Database

(a) Table

(b) Schema

(c) Relation

(d) None of these

Answer: D

The minimal set of super key is called

(a) Primary key

(b) Secondary key

(c) Candidate key

(d) Foreign key

Answer: C

A relation that has no partial dependencies is in which normal form

(A) First

(b) Second

(c) Third

(d) BCNF

Answer: B
A functional dependency between two or more non-key attributes is called

(a) Transitive dependency

(b) Partial transitive dependency
(c) Functional dependency
(d) Partial functional dependency

Answer: A

A logical description of some portion of database that is required by a user to perform task is called as

(a) System View

(b) User View

(c) Logical View

(d) Data View

Answer: B

Which algebra is widely used in DBMS?

(a) Relational algebra

(b) Arithmetic algebra

(c) Both

(d) None

Answer: A

Which of the following is a unary operation?

(a) Selection operation

(b) Generalized selection

(c) Primitive operation

(d) Projection operation

Answer: B

_____is a classical approach to database design

(a) Left-Right approach

(b) Right-Left approach

(C) Top-Down approach

(d) Bottom -Up approach

Answer: C
DBMS is a collection of that enables user to create and maintain a database

(a) Keys

(b) Translators

(c) Program

(d) Language Activity

Answer: C

 In a relational schema, each tuple is divided into fields called

(a) Relations

(b) Domains

(c) Queries

(d) All of the above

Answer: B

Refers to the correctness and completeness of the data in a database

(a) Data security

(b) Data integrity

(c) Data constraint

(d) Data independence

Answer: B

A table that displays data redundancies yields __ anomalies

(a) Insertion

(b) Deletion

(c) Update

(d) All of the above

Answer: D

A lock that allows concurrent transactions to access different rows of the same table is known as a

(a) Field-level lock

(b) Row-level lock

(c) Table-level lock

(d) Database-level lock

Answer: B

A type of query that is placed within a WHERE or HAVING clause of another query is called

(a) Super query

(b) Sub query

(c) Master query

(d) Multi-query

Answer: B

A transaction completes its execution is said to be

(a) Saved

(b) Loaded

(c) Rolled

(d) Committed

Answer: D

In an ER model, is described in the database by storing its data

(a) Entity

(b) Attribute

(c) Relationship

(d) Notation

Answer: A

DFD stands for

(a) Data Flow Document

(b) Data File Diagram

(c) Data Flow Diagram

(d) None of the above

Answer: C

A top-to-bottom relationship among the items in a database is established by a

(a) Hierarchical schema

(b) Network schema

(c) Relational Schema

(d) All of the above

Answer: A

_____table store information about database or about the system

(a) SQL

(b) Nested

(c) System

(d) None of these

Answer: C

______defines the structure of a relation which consists of a fixed set of attribute-domain pairs

(a) Instance

(b) Schema

c) Program

(d) Super Key

Answer: B

______clause is an additional filter that is applied to the result

(a) Select
(b) Group-by
(c) Having
(d) Order by

Answer: C

A logical schema

(a) Is the entire database

(b) Is a standard way of organizing information into accessible parts?

(c) Describes how data is actually stored on disk

(d) All of the above

Answer: B

_____is a full form of SQL

(a) Standard query language

(b) Sequential query language

(c) Structured query language

(d) Server side query language

Answer: C

A relational database developer refers to a record as

(a) a criteria

(b) a relation

(c) a tuple

d) an attribute

Answer: C

______keyword is used to find the number of values in a column

(a) TOTAL

(b) COUNT

(c) ADD

(d) SUM

Answer: B

An advantage of the database management approach is

(a) data is dependent on programs

(b) data redundancy increases

(c) data is integrated and can be accessed by multiple programs

(d) none of the above

Answer: C

The collection of information stored in a database at a particular moment is called as__

(a) Schema
(b) Instance of the database
(c) Data domain
(d) Independence

Answer: B

A____ used to define design of the database

(a) schema

(b) application program

(c) data definition language

(d) code

Answer: A

Key to represent relationship between tables is called

(a) primary key

(b) secondary key

(c) foreign key

(d) none of the above

Answer: C

Grant and revoke are statements

(a) DDL

(b) TCL

(C) DCL

(d) DML

Answer: C

DBMS helps achieve

(a) Data independence

(b) Centralized control of data

(c) Neither A nor B

(d) Both A and B

Answer: D

______command can be used to modify a column in a table

(a) Alter

(b) Update

(c) Set

(d) Create

Answer: A

The candidate key is that you choose to identify each row uniquely is called

(a) Alternate Key

(b) Primary key
 (c) Foreign key
(d) None of these

Answer: B

______is used to determine whether of a table contains duplicate rows

(a) Uniquely predicate

(b) Like predicate
(c) Null predicate
(d) In predicate

Answer: A

To eliminate duplicate rows __ used

(a) NODUPLICATE

b) ELIMINATE

(C) DISTINCT

(d) None of these

Answer: C

DCL stands for

(a) Data Control Language

(b) Data Console Language

(c) Data Console Level

(d) Data Control Level

Answer: D

______ is the process of organizing data into related tables.

(a) Normalization

(b) Generalization

(c) Specialization

(d) None of the above

Answer: A

A_______ Does not have a distinguishing attribute if its own and mostly are dependent entities, which
are part of some another entity

(a) Weak entity

(b) Strong entity

(c) Non attributes entity

(d) Dependent entity

Answer: A

Is_______ the complex search criteria in the where clause

(a) Sub string

(b) Drop Table

(c) Predict

(d) Predicate

Answer: D

________ is preferred method for enforcing data integrity

(a) Constraint
(b) Store procedure
(c) Triggers
(d) Cursors

Answer: A

Database is used as template for all databases created

(a) Master

(b) Model

(c) Temp db

(d) None of the above

Answer: B

One aspect that has to be dealt with by the integrity subsystem is to ensure that only valid values can be
assigned to each data items This is referred to as

(a) Data Security

(b) Domain access

(c) Data Control

(d) Domain Integrity

Answer: D

_______ operator is basically a join followed by a project on the attributes of first relation
(a) Join

(b) Semi-Join

(c) Full Join

(d) Inner Join

Answer: B

Which of the following is not a binary operator in relational algebra

(a) Join

(b) Semi-Join

(c) Assignment

(d) Project

Answer: D

Centralizing the integrity checking directly under the DBMS Duplication and ensures the consistency and
validity of the database

(a) Increases
(b) Skips
(c) Does not reduce
(d) Reduces

Answer: D

The number of tuples in a relation is called its ___ while the number of attributes in a relation is called
its______

(a) Degree, cardinality

(b) Cardinality, degree
(c) Rows, columns
(d) Col. Rows

Answer: B

Which of the following is DDL statements

(a) Create
(b) Alter
(c) Drop
(d) All of above

Answer: D

In snapshot______ clause tells oracle how long to wait between refreshes

(a) Complete
(b) Force

(c) Next

(d) Refresh

Answer: D

_______defines rules regarding the values allowed in columns and is the standard mechanism for
enforcing database integrity

(a) Column

(b) Constraint

(c) Index

(d) Trigger

Answer: B

For like predicate which of the following is true. I % matches zero of more characters. ii) _ matches
exactly one character

(a) I -only

(b) ii-only

(c) Both of them

(d) None of them

Answer: C

In SQL, which command is used to issue multiple CREATE TABLE, CREATE VIEW and GRANT statements in
a single transaction

(a) CREATE PACKAGE

(b) CREATE SCHEMA

(C) CREATE CLUSTER

(d) All of the above

Answer: B

Which of the following is TRUE System Variable $date$?

(a) Can be assigned to a global variable

(b) Can be assigned to any field only during design time

(c) Can be assigned to any variable field during run time

(d) Can be assigned to a local variable

Answer: B

What are the different events in Triggers

(a) Define, Create

(b) Drop, Comment

(c) Insert, Update, Delete

(d) Select, Commit

Answer: C

Which is the subset of SQL commands used to manipulate Oracle Database Structures, including tables

(a) Data Definition Language

(b) Data Manipulation Language

(c) Data Described Language

(d) Data Retrieval Language

Answer: A

The SQL statement SELECT SUBSTR ('123456789', INSTR ('abcabcabc','b'), 4) FROM EMP; prints

(a) 6789
(b) 2345
(c) 1234
(d) 456789

Answer: B

Which of the following SQL command can be used to modify the data in a database table

(a) Modifey
(b) Update
(c) Change
(d) New

Answer: B

When SQL statements are embedded inside 3GL, we call such a program as

(a) Nested query

(B) nested programming

(c) Distinct query

(d) Embedded SQL

Answer: D
Which character function can be used to return a specified portion of a character string

(a) INSTR

(b) SUBSTRING

(C) SUBSTR

(d) POS

Answer: C

________provides option for entering SQL queries as execution time, rather than at the development
stage

(a) PL/SQL

(b) SQL Plus

(C) SQL

(d) Dynamic SQL

Answer: D

The language that requires a user to specify the data to be retrieved without specifying exactly how to
get it is

(a) Procedural DML

(b) Non-Procedural DML

(c) Procedural DDL

(d) Non-Procedural DDL

Answer: B

Which two files are used during operation of the DBMS

(a) Query languages and utilities

(b) DML and query language

(c) Data dictionary and transaction log

(d) Data dictionary and query language

Answer: C

data type can store unstructured data

(a) RAW

(b) CHAR
(C) NUMERIC

(d) VARCHAR

Answer: A

The RDBMS terminology for a row is

(a) tuple

(b) relation

(c) attribute

(d) degree

Answer: A

To change column value in a table the______command can be used

(a) create

(b) insert

(c) alter

(d) update

Answer: D

The full form of DDL is

(a) Dynamic Data Language

(b) Detailed Data Language

(c) Data Definition Language

(d) Data Derivation Language

Answer: C

To pass on granted privileges to other user the ...... clause is used

(a) create option

(b) grant option
(a) Update option
(b) Select option

Answer: B

The database schema is written in

(a) HHL
(b) DML
 (c) DDL
(d) DCL

Answer: C

A set of possible data values is called

(a) Attributes
(b) Degree
(c) Tuple
(d) domain

Answer: D

The way a particular application views the data from the database that the application uses is a

(a) module

(b) relational model

(c) schema

(d) sub schema

Answer: D

Which of the following are the properties of entities

(a) Groups

(b) Table

(c) Attributes

(d) Switchboards

Answer: C

Which database level is closest to the users

(a) External

(b) Internal

(c) Physical

(d) Conceptual

Answer: A

Which are the two ways in which entities can participate in a relationship

(a) Passive and active

(b) Total and partial

(c) Simple and Complex

(d) All of the above

Answer: B

______is critical in formulating database design

(a) row column order

(b) number of tables

(c) functional dependency

(d) normalizing

Answer: C

A _______ represents the number of entities to which another entity can be associated

(a) mapping cardinality

(b) table

(c) schema

(d) information

Answer: A

Which two files are used during operation of the DBMS

(a) Query languages and utilities

(b) DML and query language

(c) Data dictionary and transaction log

(d) Data dictionary and query language

Answer: C

An outstanding functionality of sql is its support for automatic___ to target data.

(a) Programming

(b) Functioning

(c) Navigation

(d) Notification

Answer: C

A____ is a set of column that identifies every row in a table

(a) Composite key

(b) Candidate key

(c) Foreign key

(d) Super key

Answer: D

The relational model is based on the concept that data is organized and stored in two dimensional table
called

Fields

Records

Relation

Keys

Answer: C

_ contains information that defines valid values that are stored in a column or data type.

(a) View

(b) Rule

(c) Index

(d) Default

Answer: C

Which of the syntax is correct for insert statement I) Insert into <table_name> values <list of values> ii)
insert into <table_name> (column list) values <list of values>

(a) i-only

(b) ii-only

(c) Both of them

(d) None of them

Answer: C

_____first proposed the process of normalization

(a) Edgar. W

(b) Edgar F Codd

(c) Edward Stephen

(d) Edward Codd

Answer: B

For using a specific database command is used

(a) Use database

(b) Database name use

(c) Both A &B

(d) None of them

Answer: A

Specifies a search condition for a group or an aggregate

(a) GROUP BY Clause

(b) HAVING Clause

(C) FROM Clause

(d) WHERE Clause Drop

Answer: B

drop a table can not be used to drop a table referenced by a constraint

(a) Local Key

(b) Primary Key

(c) Composite Key

(d) Foreign Key

Answer: D

______joins are SQL server default

(a) Outer

(b) Inner

(c) Equi

(d) None of the above

Answer: B

The is essentially used to search for patterns in target string

(a) Like Predicate

(b) Null Predicate

(C) In Predicate
(d) Out Predicate

Answer: A

Which of the following is/are the Database server functions?

(a) Data management

(b) Transaction management
(c) Compile query
(d) Query optimization

Answer: C

Which of the following is not a compression operator

(a) <>
(b) =
(c) <=
(d) =>

Answer: C

To delete a database command is used

(a) delete database database_name

(b) Delete database_name

(c) drop database database_name

(d) drop database_name

Answer: C

is a combination of two of more attributes used as a primary key

(a) Composite Key

(b) Alternate Key

(C) Candidate Key

(d) Foreign Key

Answer: A

Which of the following is not the function of client

(a) Compile queries

(b) Query optimization

(c) Receive queries

(d) Result formatting and presentation

Answer: B

______ is a special type of stored procedure that is automatically invoked whenever the data in the
table is modified

(a) Procedure

(b) Trigger

(c) Curser

(d) None of the above

Answer: B

_ requires that data should be made available to only authorized users

(a) Data integrity

(b) Privacy

Security

None of these

ANSWER: C

allows individual row operation to be performed on a given result set or on the generated by a selected
by a selected statement

(a) Procedure

(b) Trigger

(c) Curser

(d) None of above

Answer: C

Processed data is called

(a) Raw data

(b) Information

(c) Useful data

(d) Source

Answer: B

is a utility to capture a. continuous record of server activity and provide auditing capability

(a) SQL Server Profile

(b) SQL Server service manager

(c) SQL server setup

(d) SQL server wizard

Answer: B

Data items grouped together for storage purposes are called a

(a) record

(b) title

(c) list

(d) string

Answer: A

_______contains data assisting day to day activities of the organization

(a) Control database

(b) Operational database

(c) Strategic database

(d) Sequential database

Answer: B

_____ approach reduces time and effort required for design and lesser risk in database management

(a) Single global database

(b) Top-down approach
(a) Multiple databases
(b) None of these

ANSWER: C

Some of the utilites of dbms are______

(a) Loading
(b) Backup
(c) File organization
(d) Process organization

Answer: B

Which contains information about a file needed by system programs for accessing file record

(a) File blocks

(b) File operator
(c) File header
 (d) None of these

Answer: C

A_____ DBMS distributes processing task between the work station and network server

(a) Network
(b) Relational
(c) Client server
(d) Hierarchical

Answer: C

The is the one in which the primary key of one relation is used as a normal attribute in another relation

(a) Referential relation

(b) Referencing relation

(c) Referenced relation

(d) Referred relation

Answer: C

A____ integrity constraint requires that the values appearing in specified attributes of any tuple in the
referencing relation also appear in specified attributes of at least one tuple in the referenced relation.

(a) Referential

(b) Referencing

(c) Specific

(d) Primary

Answer: A

DBMS is a collection of _ that enables user to create and maintain a database

(a) Keys

(b) Translators

(c) Program

(d) Language Activity

Answer: C

In an ER model____ is described in the database by storing its data

(a) Entity

(b) Attribute
(c) Relationship

(d) Notation

Answer: A

DFD stands for

(a) Data Flow Document

(b) Data File Diagram

(c) Data Flow Diagram

(d) None of the above

Answer: A

Relation which consists of a fixe attribute-domain pairs

(a) Instance

(b) Schema

(c) Program

(d) Super Key

Answer:

_______ clause is an additional file that is applied to the result.

(a) Select

(b) Group-by

(c) Having

(d) Order by

Answer: C

A logical schema

(a) is the entire database

(b) is a standard way of organizing information into accessible parts

(c) Describes how data is actually stored on disk

(d) All of the above

Answer: B

_____is a full form of SQL

(a) Standard query language

(b) Sequential query language

(c) Structured query language

(d) Server side query language

Answer: C

Navigation pane is placed on

(a) The left of Access workspace

(b) The right of Access workspace

(c) Just below the Access workspace

(d) Just above the status bar

Answer: A

You can filter the display of different Access objects in navigation pane from

(a) View tab in ribbon

(a) Drop down menu at the top of navigation pane
(b) Sort and filter group in home menu
(c) Database tab

Answer: B

A top to bottom relationship among the items in a database is established by a

(a) Hierarchical schema

(b) Network schema
(c) Relational schema
(d) All of above

Answer: A

____table store information about database or about to system

(a) SQL
(b) Nested
(c) System
(d) None of these

Answer: C

Software that define a database store the data supports a query language produces report and creates
data entry screens is a

(a) Data dictunory

(b) Dataabse management system
(c) Decision support system
 (d) Relational database

Answer: B

The separation of the data definition from the program is known as

(a) data dictionary

(b) data independence
(a) data integrity
(b) referential integrity

Answer: B

HSAM stands for

(a) Hierarchic Sequential Access Method

(b) Hierarchic Standard Access Method

(c) Hierarchic Sequential and Method

(d) Hierarchic Standard and Method

Answer: A

SQL server stores index information in the_ system table

(a) syst indexes

(b) system indexes

(C) sysind

(d) sys indexes

Answer: A

Which of the following is not a logical database structure

(a) Chain

(b) Network

(c) Tree

(d) Relational

Answer: A

____is a preferred method for enforcing data integrity

(a) Constraints

(b) Stored procedure

(c) Triggers
(d) Cursors

Answer: A

Reflexivity property says that X - Y is true if Y is

(a) Subset of X
(b) Null set of X
(c) Super set of x

Answer: A

In the mode any record in the file can be accessed at random

(a) Sequential access

(b) Random access

(c) Standard access

(d) Source access

Answer: B

Which can be used to delete all the rows if a table

(a) Delete * from table_name

(b) Delete from table_name

(c) Delete table_name

(d) all rows cannot be deleted at a time

Answer: B

Which if the following is not the type of data integrity

(a) Key integrity

(b) Domain integrity

(c) Entity integrity

(d) Referential integrity

Answer: A

4NF stands for

(a) Fourth Normal File

(b) Fourth Normal Form

(c) Fourth Normal Fraction

(d) Fourth Negative File

Answer: B

A a llows to make copies of the database periodically to help in the cases of crashes & disasters

(a) Recovery utility

(b) Backup Utility

(c) Monitoring utility

(d) Data loading utility

Answer: B

Any thing that effect database schema is a part of

(a) DML
(b) DCL
(c) DDL
(d) All of above

Answer: C

An instance of a relation is a time varying set of

(a) Tuples
(b) Rows
(c) Bothe of them
(d) None of them

Answer: C

_____allows definition and query language statements to be entered query result are formatted and
displayed

(a) Shema prossor

(b) Query processor
(c) Terminal interface
(d) None of above
(e) Answer: C

The main task carried out in the _____is to remove reperting attributes to separate tableS

(a) Fist normal form

(b) Second normal form
(c) Third normal form
(d) Fourth normal form

Answer: D
_______is the powerful language for working with DBMS

(a) Embedded programs

(b) Dynamic programs
(c) Query language
(d) Static language program

Answer: C

The file define in the dbms is called as DBMS

(a) Console
(b) Schema
(c) Table
(d) Object

Answer: C