What is matter?
According to science, matter is defined as everything that has has mass
and takes up space or has volume. Matter is made up of particles and the
space between these particles is called intermolecular space.. Matter vary
in looks and sizes because matter comes in different states and the three
most common states are known as solid, liquid and gas.
Mass refers to the amount of matter that an object contains whether
solid,liquid or gas. The greater the matter of an object, the greater its
mass. So, we can say the more mass an object has, the more difficult
will be to move it. Kilograms and grams are some of the way we
measure mass.
Volume refers to the amount of space that an object takes up. Liquid
volumes are measured in liters or milliliters; solid volumes are
measured in meters or millimetres. The greater the matter of an object,
the greater its volume. Likewise, different states of matter will fill volumes
in different ways depending upon how big, little, long or short the object is.
Physical change:
A physical change may change the shape or size of an object, but no
chemical reaction occurs.They are easily reversible.It may change the
state of a substances of matter. Many physical changes is can be
undone in some way. In a physical change, you end up with the same
substance you started with even if looks different.
- cutting a piece of cloth is a physical change because the physical
properties are changed but the material of a cutting of cloth is the
same. Even though the cloth changed its shape and size when it is cut,
it does not create a new substance.It’s still cloth.
-Crashing a cookies is an example of physical change because there is
only a change in the physical state, it is only the crashing of cookies
which does not involve any chemical change, only shape or size
changed in the substance.
Chemical change
Chemical change always forms a new substance. They are not easily
reversed.They may absorb or release heat. Sometimes a chemical
change will cause a change in color, produce odor, create sound,
release gases or produce light.Chemical change is usually cannot be
undone.
-Rusting of coin is a chemical change because a new substance is
formed which it is the rust.There is no changed in shape or size, it only
change in color. As the rust forms on the surface of the iron, it flakes
off to expose more iron, which will continue to rust.
Phase changes
When matter moves from one phase to another, this is consider a
physical change. These changes occur when sufficient energy is
supplied to the system and also occur when the pressure on the
system is changed. Phase change is a reversible physical change that
occurs when a substance changes from one state of matter to another.
Phase changes are physical change because it only affects physical
affect appearance, not chemical make-up.
Phase changes in matter are melting , freezing, evaporization,
condensation and sublimation. Matter can also change from one phase
to another when heat or pressure are applied.
Evaporation- Change of liquid to gas but requires no additional heat.
Can occur at any temperature..
Melting: The transition from the solid to the liquid phase
Freezing: The transition from the liquid phase to the solid phase.
Condensation:The transition from the gas phase to the liquid phase
Sublimination: The transition from the solid phase to the gas phase
Deposition: The transition from the gas phase to the solid phase
The coins now have dull green coating, when one or more new
substance is formed. We know that chemical change is occurred. In
this case, acid and vinegar has combined with copper in the coins to
form a compound copper acitate which makes up the green coating.
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