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fot NECK BOUIECTS, KOTODHIE NMEA
_awce ana ero oancri. Take waco cnepyer
Menonssosere Tonto ana mapan
Vivoraa wa aterve pacruTersHoro tae
na woxno nposntare: AK,
14, B 2008 rony LleurpoGank PO sinycrin moneTbi ¢
wa06paxenuem asromara Kanaumnxosa.svecrs 450-ner-
Hero lo6inen BxoKnenuA Yamypra 8 coctas Poccu,
15, Asromar Kanauhukoea ws06pamen Ha mowerax U
Gowiax (Gymancnorx Kyniopax) adpanancnoit crpanbi Mo-
3aMOuk,
15. K 60-nerio opyxwa 8 Hosoi Zenanguu oT¥eKa-
unit MoHeTDi ¢rpaBMpoBKoi AK-47 jocrowucrBom 8 nea
osozenayackix aonnapa,
16, B Konue XX Beka panuyscKni wypHan «/lMGe-
paccok» npwakan aBtowaT Kanauknkosa wa06pereHnen
Beka, 3HaMenvTomy opyxinio Yqanocb oGohTH aToMHyto
Gon6y u Kociweckne TexHonormu.
17. B 2004 rogy xypwan «TineliGoit waasan aptomar
Kanaunurosa oquum na «50 usgenni, namennownx
ups, onpegenus ero mecro nocne Kounbiotepa Apple
Macintosh, nporusozavarownbix raGnerox sugeomar-
uTogoka Sony Betamax.
18, Aromat Kanauinuona Toi wnn WHO MoneRH AB-
‘nAeTCh cambim nonynapHbin OpyAwent B KOMNbIOTEpHEIK
urpax — oH ecre npaktaveckn Bo Bcex 3D-«crpenankax,
19, Cusaerca, uro vs aBTomara Kanaunitkosa 6bin0
‘y61rro Gonbuse moneii, 42m B pesynbrare apTannepsiicko-
To ore, aanaGonGapanponoK w pakeTHbIX oBcrpenoB.
Exeroano ot myn Asrowara Kanawiuxosa nornGaer
eraepre munnuiona wenoBeK,
20. Cam Mincaun Kanawnnxos rosopan, 470 Bio
‘xu uao6peran opyne ana zaun, a He ana yOniicr-
Ba: fl cnoxoiiHo cho, natomy 47O Bcerga coanasan opy-
2xite an Sanur 310 MOAT He MoryT AOTOBOPUTSCA
wcnonbayor ero pra yéuitcraan,
20, Yaue acero Ha menanax wsoGpaxaercr YonORHOe
‘Oopykne, onHako BHeAPeHie B Kone 40-x ronOB asTOMa-
Ta Kamaunuxosa nosnvano Ha nonsnene ero uso6pa-
2xenA Ha YeNOM Pane Warpan cTpan couManncTuecKorO
srarepa. Ewe c 40-x ronos ws06paxenne cospemenHoro
‘ornecrpenbHoro opyxwa (6 1.4. abToMaTMuecKoro) winpO-
Ko cnonbayerca Ha opgevax u menanax CCCP, TOP, Beur-
pm, Ky6ni, Asrasucravan apyrix crpay.
42014 HAYKA U TEXHKA Ne10—
8 MUPE WNTEPECHOrO
OULA MOR
Tep6 Byprana-daco
‘ene repGa. Ranser coG0A Koneco MexeHata, OrpaHIKIEHHOe
creGinsun Kykypyse!H caxapHttt TpocTHnion. B cepanntHe ecTb
pachoe conse no Kapre MosaMbiKa 8 2enenboe W CHHAX BON
wax, asTouar AK-47, nepecoveniil ¢ MoTBOM W KHOR. Be-
HOR NPHEAGAH AEHTOR, HNERWER HagBaHHE crpaHb.. CreGnh
ytypyast H caxapHoro Tpocrrika cimesonneupyior GorarcrBO,
‘omeco— cumtzon paGovelt cunts w npomtawineNHOCTH, xAnTa —
‘oivpon oBpeaonanina, woTiira — expecrosicTBa W npoHaeoncT-
‘8a cenkoxoro xossicrsan, AK-47 — Ana «sali W SaurenbHO-
Con, wypackan a2eaca — camson cowranvana, HO, Kak ykaGAHO
8 KOHCTHTyUMK MozeuGwKa, OMKeH «cMMEONHSHpOBETE yx
Mexayraponvor conwapHocts monel MozawGnxae. Koachoe
‘Conse cHBorMaHpyeT CoaaaHine HOBO xuSHM,
8 2005 raqy onnosmywokHaR naprus PEHAMO nonknwana
‘onpoc 06 watieHeHiin fOCyAPCTEEHHOA CHMEOAAK, 8 TOM si
ne w 06 waGaanennn or «Kanawnutose> 8 repbe w Ha care,
ApryMeNTUBYA oTO TeM, HTO «HaUNOHARE-
Hue cuMaone! Gein NpHHSTH B HHOM
at Bolan gaat
NcTopHHECKOM KOMTeKCTO. Mei HBEM 8
oso peantwocTa, KoTopyIo HeoGxons-
Wo orpaaire», OnwaKo 270 npennioxenne
sino orknoveH0 napnawetToun Bont:
uunicraou Mosaic,
nar Mosam6ika — rocynapcreet-
eal moan PecnyGnvna Mosalnx, co8-
ements cbnar Osim npmaT 1 wan 1983
Toga. nar MosamGura — egnicraensit
8 wipe cbr, Ha KoTopOM ecTs ws06pane-
ve cospeMerHoro opyxvR!— aBroMaTa
Kanawnnnoea.
Cratea 297 Koncriryyin Pecnyéim-
se Moaani, nputiaoh 18 HoRGpa 2004
roa, coAspxuT onvcanHe HaynONanHOrO
‘rata
Haunonansii nar weer nets yse-
‘Toa: kpactit, sere, Wepastl, onoT-
crosnertet n Gent
LUpera oboasavaior:
‘pack — conpoTwenenne KonoHar
‘nusity, BoopyxeHHy'o GopeSy 3a HesaBi-
‘onmocrs w Sauyy cyBepeKuTeTa;
‘nar qswnenna Xes6onna
ene — pacrurensitie Gorereroa
expan
‘ph — Arbonkanoni wonTAedT,
sonoruoTo-xenTai— wuepansitie
Gorarersa erpans
Genuih— cnpasegnusocts Gops6e1
‘NosanBiKoxoro Hepona 3a mp.
Or peeks pacnonoxeH ropn9ot-
Tans dene, wepmtt x sonorAcTo-
emu nonepewrive noaca. B yskrpe
packoro TpeyronsriKa pacronoxena
sae, 8 KOTOPOM Ha pacepbioit KANE
MoMeUJeHB! ronOKeHHE HaxDecT OpYAHE
w woTore. Sseana ormeonwavpyer Hea
fay Wa wexayHapoaryo conAaapHocte
© woseNGuxcunv HaponoM. Kira, MoT
ram opyawe orweorsnpyior oOpasoEa-
te, mpoazogcreo w o50poHy.
Tep6 3um6aGee, noTopbih Gian npr
sr 8 1980 rony, ws06paxaer qayx ne-
Hex AKTHNION, TORK Ha BePLIE
{eNAKOTO Kyprala, KOTOPLA COCTOMT He
Cre6neli nulexiyps, xnonwa W pocTKOS y=
153 MUPE WNTEPECHOrO
rypyats. Buia Tate pacnonaraeTea waannice c SimGaGaicnm
Halwoxanbkbia gearsom cEquvcte0, CeoGone, Tpyny (aH.
Unity, Freedom, Work)
Kpowe Toro, Ha repGe ecrs war seneHoro usera, ¢ 14 on
Han B BepxHefi vacTa, Bonk YepeayioTcR ¢ Genii WHAM
‘wanien.B uelTpe una waOpaxeHEs APeBHMe PyvHe! — Bons-
woe GiiGaGee, Sa wyuroX pacnonaraioToa CeneckoxosRiicreeH
Has: woroia (c nesoi croponts) n aeTowat Kanaumnwosa AK-47
(cnpasa), xoTopsie caRsals! mexay COBoM cxpyvere sto-
‘ka seneHoro v sonoToro wenka. Baepxy w200caxeHbI Ka
‘ea sbeana W Bonswan riya Suubabee — Xyrrae (wasaRHie
Vo JeneHOrO MELNbHOTO KAMA C KPA xpaMa 8 PaaBaniHax
Bon.woro SwnGaGae (or. XIll 8), HoTopaR Taxxe wa0GpaKeHa
Ha HauWokansHon chnare,
Ciena
KyOy (78e seprixansko cromuyme akrunionts, pacnonoxeH-
Hue roami or ura): envicTB0 pass sTHMHECKIE FPyRN
8 3umBa6e8.
‘SeunsHoil KypeaH (caetno-sopHSMeBbi ywacTox SEN, Ha
Hea cToar axTisionb v ui): HeodxonMMocTE Bceraa OBecneMN
ave snnSeOaniues.
‘Heeua (usoGpanen Ha neste 8 camow Hitay rep6a): Heo6xo-
ANWOGTS COxpeHEHUR H2UMOHANEHOTO eNNCTBA M CoXpaHeHR
cxoGonts
‘enevtel) um (B yeeiTpe: nnojopene crpens, nowEeN
ont
‘Bonbivoe SuGaGa0 (cepoe CrpOBHME B YEHTPE UTA: HCTO
pveckoe Hacneqve Haun
Momaize u eemowam (8 usHTpe sa wurTOM; cnmBanAoRpyICT
Gops6y 3a mip m peMoxpaTan, a Tale ropaocTs 3a BLcOKOe
xeavecTeo paGoTs! Hapona Swa6ee, KpoNe Toro, OHM cHMBOH-
ampyior nepexon oF Bots K MApy
Tlonaexu wenkostx sonomsox u sene-
xk mare (WscEpaxent AyroR BbWe
lua): HaUNOHAMHBIe cbuwaHCOBEIe KOH
Tani H 2aulMry 2xOHOMIM
Kpacian 66900 (6 uepe etiwe
lure): HeneKna Ha ceernoe Byayiee
rpawis. Mepenaer pesomouroni xa-
Pakrep noctmikexis aceo6usero ronocoBa-
Hs 1980 rony w Gops6y 2a cnpasenni-
B0e, pasHonpasHoe oGwecTB0.
Benuxan Sun6a6eulexan Mmuya (130
Spaxena nosepx sBeqnb: HaLVOHANKAYIO
camo6tsnviocre,
Beno-zony6we ysema, ¢ ude san-
ucmsx nud (BepriKaniHise nonocKn,
OGpaayroune aepxiioI YacTe ura): BO-
epabix, aononan BnKTOpH, maka NPM
pagan aocTonpriesatenBHocTs; 60-8TO-
eve, OBE pek M BORE ANA ceNscKOrO
xoasiicTea,
Tep6 Bypkina-aco c 1984 roga no
41967 ron (¢ 1960 roga no 1964 roq — Pe-
cayGnua Beperaa Bonsra). Ha cuGren
nprnroh nocne pesonioynn 1984 roaa, Guin waobpaxeK Ho-
Tora n asrowar Kenaunnosa c qesvaoM «Pogiia nn cepa,
i noGecuma» (Gp. La Patre ou la mor, nous vainerons).
Tep6 Bocrosworo Tamopa (odunansHo: Tunop-Leste)
Guin saenen 18 aweapsa 2007. Ocosan wa npoeKre, Honanssye~
MOM ewe Torna, Korga CTpaHa onHOCTopoHNe OBLABHNA O CBOEIt
esasncunocta 28 wonbpa 1975 r.
B espe repda — vsoGpanenue asromara KanawKosa,
16
2014 HAYKA H TEXHUKA W10—
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cay
ak y rep60s crpaM, KoTOpSIM npvuunocTs CToTaMBaTS: C80%0 He
saancamocte.
Tess Ha nopryransckom ssuike— «Unidade, Accéo,
Progresso» («Eznucts0, Jeiicreve, liporsecc»).
®APYTME 4KCAA
IToHOHS: aero He nepsoe nOGpETEHN YiCTOR MeTeMar
ve, noropoe crano anacnencram HCnonsaoReTbCHB pad
swe nprcrapnik Haya, Ora wncna we Bun w nepsoi anTep-
arveoit accustom Manenh, npMWeHRBWeICR 8 npunoxetuK
ce Havanocb ¢nefcTemenesLK WCE, KOTOPK WOYNAKOTER CeTOMAR
8 uwonex. MasecrHO, To mHOKeCTaD B0ex neCTEUTENSHEK stceN
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‘ye HecoTopoe neifcTeMTeNHOe SHCnO, npANAR MEET PaSWeDHOCTE
nu,
Flo ravane XIV 8, wae apyrix svoen, Kpowe AeicTeKTENE HE,
uaaecrio He Gino, Ye 8 anoxy Bospoxnekwe warawarian crOnKey-
rcp ¢ Bones cnoxntsii YpaskeNsRn, XoTOPHIE HeeOSNOXHO ino
aur, HonanisyA Tonio neitcrawrenbase wena, B STO cya
eagparhbtl vopeHs va -1 ran caoedEpeaHbi C2KDETHEIM ODYKMEM,
aoBperesnsin MTANbAHCAM MaTENATHKOM, HHOKeHEDOM, CASHKOM,
nmenmou w acrponorom Depanaa Kepnatio,
Form pane marewatuay, crammeasce cHe802-
MoxxocToo Dew Te NH WHble YPaBHeHHR,
Beh Bln npeNpaTHT BbWICNOHIR, TO i.
apnaa noaeonnn ca6e eeecra aro MaCTHNE-
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nenansoro wm crip, oTsero ok norysan
npabansive. B 1545 « Kapiava onynnvoaan
cen gen 3 KahiewATOM TpyRe «BennHoe
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651 nye notte, 8 sew nen, NpwBEneM npHNep M3 OGaCTH Zel-
crewensisx ttcen, Croxenie w abwTaHie nayx nelicrenTeneHik
Svoen reonerpa¥eou coorserorayer cosnry Oot areso init srpaea.
Yonenio v nenenito cooreercTayer cxamue u pacramenne sncno-
0 ocx. BrsyansHo MoKHO npencraBIe CoG, MT, HanpHMe, yAHO-
ete unt penesve Ka nero 2 xpaanawraet» HK coYXAET> TO
(om 138 pasa cooreercTeeHHo, @ yunoxeHne Hat noBopeNisaeT
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aCUMPHA yaneHTenbHyO CepNO cReAOB CTonKHOBeHI BNTOTE AO
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ayvenne apxefioune seneHoxawentsix noscos Ha npeAMET
peas nanekni 4aeT reanoram HOBLE CBeAeHAA 0 CTONKHOsE-
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0m cnecuH, HaabIBaeMBIe YAapubIM CepyRa:
‘un, chonnenonposannce us ropaero oGnaxa nopog, wcnapHswiNx-
‘noryqapannpw nagenna acrepowga na 3erano 2,5 mapa neT Hasan.
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‘aca Bxanenb, KoTopsie oTBepAeNA WBbInani Na seMuNo, nena,
' (HOM ApeBhnx ocanoUNbxx nopoA, ROCTyMHBIE celta ua ceBepo-
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he ne MaTeDHK
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agai c qopamposanven @ Tnndape xGorersx cxonnenl ymo-
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umvpanie paNonaspos, OueHNBaeTen He Cone YEN 8 15 x.) STH
‘ouerion nonnepxan npennonoxesne Cicowa 0 Tory, To acTepO-
atl Morn cisrpare onpenenesHyo pons 8 PopwiNpOseHik KOKTH-
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EHH nOpoAAK, NpONBOWEAUNE NPHMEPHO B TO KE BpEWA, HTO
ynoummynse Tpa wows yaapa, chen voropsx Tos H Baller
otapyinh woxHoatbpuancrnx ocasvax, OTmOKEHHEI OKanO 3.2
vunpm ner Hasan,
B cpoeit HenaaHel craTbe FnukcoH nHwle, TO yap aCTepOH-
‘Ros cosnanator no epeMeHH c MoMeKTON, worna aTA OBnacTH Bnep-
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nk, cchopmvposaeumecs 10 nanenis srnx acTepounos, cocToRT
a TonCrsncnoes oreaHenOM Kops # OcanKoR, OGpasoBaBuiKcA Ha
wopexou ge. B nepwon acrepowaHok GowGapanposka srw Oasanb-
‘osbe cHOH feophuposannice, SSNSANACE M DEBpyWANNC, TO
rerio oGAchRaTER, Kak CaMTaT imcok, CMeUEHEM nnacTOB oT
ynapa np nanexin acrepownoe. OnaK9 ce, vTo OBpavosarioce
noche anoxt Tex 798x cromHoBeHu, npencraanseT coBoA sponNDO-
jake OCTaT noon, KOTOR Morn czbopMINpoBATECR TOMKO Ha
ye Tare paznisnn oaHavaKr, 470 sorope nocne acreponaiexx
yapos Nowe chink Ws Hea Sennn nonin sy acre KOI Ha,
Tosepxaocriso oreana, Ha He ccbopuuposanice rpawie w apy
ropogst vomTuWeTamsHOro Tuna, KOTOPHe NOSKE NOCTENeHKO Pas
pywannc,
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cam yap acrepowi0a, fneBHs ero apryMeHTOM cayxaT OnpOM
ete Macce rpakiTOOSpasyOWe MarMbl, KOTODEE BHeRPHTAGE Coe
yh a2cTant 8 paiowx unGapan Kanaan oxono 3,2 npg ner Ha
san, Cosnanevve onox acTeponaii yaapoe w o6pazceaHie HOBoH
aris He NOXET Gu cryahHon,cAnTaeTFrwKCOM: 370 NEM
enenersie. Ox yTaepxneer, WTO waweHrawne nnaHeTy cunt, xsi
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FpanurooSpaayeuel warwsl, cangeTenscreyioro BypHou poxseHIn
mo rpaives wane Wacra woHTiHelaNLHOA Kopk. CraBHf Bonpac
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aan wsweHiNa KapTHKY KOMBEKUM B WAHTIMN, SanyCTIa HOBBE
ante nan, NoTOpEe NODHATAC M pasorpenl CHI KODY.
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paejonono6ue yraepxeHil nvcava 8 acHoBHOM saBvcKT
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xellome acreponnu uuenn ene0e Gonbulrlt paakep, HX yApH WO-
‘rw 6 okazetaon Ganee saweTHian, B vactHocTA,reoduank [Kei
2014 HAYKA Ml TEXHUKA N10.
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vor so wactw BapGeproncninrop 6 nol Appuve(BBepxy) u pall:
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‘anol apeswel cyun, Heqasno reonorn oGxapymwnn Tam crept
agente KaK MUMNMYM JleBATH KPYOHBOX acTepOuROB B NepHOA OF
3,5 no 2,5 mnpa ner nazag, OT naxoro ws sTux co6siTal ocranca
‘co vax waxeimaenenx yaapubtx cbepyn
Meniou (Jay Melosh) ws Vawsepeuera Nepnso (CUA) rosopyr, 470
ranetve acrepowna araneTpoMm 25 ku AelcTBMTencHO morn WSUe-
ie Kapriny ropm¥NK naToRDS & Hepipax Gem, OcHosbiBaRce Ka
oMnbioTepHOr agen MouINoro yaapa, CogpaHHoit Wi W ero Konne:
rau ans opyrix venef, Menow onosteer, Kak nase KDYNHOTO
acTepouna Ha 240 apten Moro cTuMynnpoBaTe poct KoKTHKOHTA,
B panxax araro cyeHapim Meow npennonaraer, To actepo-
un ananerpom 80 wm nagaer 8 o¥eax co crOpOcTHO OKOND 20 Kw.
Tao yaap we oorasnaer woaTepa, 2 Hao6opor — oGpasyer osep0
acnaanesHoit ropons!alaMerpoM oKan0 500 kW MpHWEPHO Ta>
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NosBiTCa Hag MaHTHAWN RmIOMON,eFO Xap MpwOcTaHOSAT BCT
we nniowa, a saTeM oTknoHT ef0 8 cocenHie oBnactH. Tn,
oTknoKNBuMicR noA MHOTHYIO oKeaHEXyIO KOpy, NoNET CoaRaT HO-
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i, OTRNOHEHHKIE YBApOM acrepONRa, cCoAMANM TapaAMUM AHH
24=2014 HAYKA A TEXHAKA M10
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‘pape 500 nu, ofpeaosan ops¥ee wope
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Iognriacr eynepaynean a
hnornymxopy wroceveuauue. Rpyrod
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rietToa, On ounraer, To 2TH coBkien caRgaKt MexAy COBH
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ccte ygapsl moryT cTamyrugoears poKgeHwe ManWsi. «3ro BromMke
sqjpaeoe npeanonoxeHne 0 Tow, WTO Moco Bt BiiTb, — roeopuT
ios, — Ho sTo nits OanH Ws BapiaHTOBx. Bnpoven, He BbibisaeT
Covent 10, vT0 crommoseHA rnaHeTapHoro NacwTaGa erent
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— 23
TEOAOTUA, TEOTPADA 1 FEO@USMKABOEBBIE KOPABAN
‘Anercandp 3a6nomceul, Powan Slapunyes
2014 HAYKA WTEXHMKA 110
WCNONESOBAWE Pie,
MOCTABIEHMED MO HEMRAMMaY,
COBETCLUM B BOEHMO-MOPCIM @noTOM
Jacwonckauiore cpancraa HaGnc-
‘ReHIS, NOsBELNECR Ha BOORYKEHHA
soetmoalopeonx chnaros HaKaryHe Bropoit
wposo” softs, Haun 8 xone ee wipOKDE
romveronve. K coxanewieo, 8 stow sonpoce
Boero-nopcrnir chnor Coseroxoro Coosa
saTensHo ofcraean oF noros sananik
coveseos, Paspa6ori pawonorauioHiti
cranuih (PIC) revanuce 8 CCCP ewes 1993
‘ony. K 1999 rey ina paspaGoraka nepaan
cepinian PIC o6kapy Kenia BosnyuHb Ue=
refi nine PYC-1. Bonee cosepuenian crak
wea nina PYC-2 «Peayro Giana nwt Ha
a0opynerie 28 wona 1940 rona. La BMC
‘ean paspadoran kopaGentatil eapight «PE
yrs, yoranosneniti 8 anpere 1941 ra
va wpevioape «Monovoes Yeprowopexoro
‘ora. Tax ka crak Tina PYC=1 m PYC-2
He morn Gem ononbaosanis pra ynpaane-
uw erpans6f seunTuok aprannapi (mer
enocrarosKya TosHOCTe OnpeaneHiA Kor
paar), 8 1998-1940 ropa Guna caer
roneinin pagpaGorar> cranun opyAniHh
vasopc, Oxwaro wx npowaBopera0 70 sof
he Okino opraaneosaHo. Cepwlioe npowssoncrBo craHun opyaHe
ol van0qit HaNanocs Tonbo 8 1943 rony c aceoeHtem COH-Za,
sensei axanoroM aHTTWNiCxD GTaHUIN GL-Mic
PaGors: no cosnatito cawoneTHbx panwonoraTopoB TaGKS HaKO-
unuice 8 saveroxwow cocTomsnn. OnbiTibi o6paxeu asiauvoHHot
PIC nina ef weic-2» Gen paspaorak 8 1942 roay. C 1943 raza ora
Cranuaa, 2 Tanke yryweian MonicbaKauHR aTHeic-59, rani no-
Crynars ka soopymekine wacretrexenssx norpeGnenet BO. B 1944
raqy Hevanoce ockauenve PIIC cenelicraa «Tweiic» canoneros Mop-
rom asnauan
Paspaorka panwononaunokix crarunit 8 BenanoGparenan H
CWA nawartace npamepH0 8 To xe epens, sro w 8 CozeTeKaM Con.
Onwaro, 8 omeine or coverexoro BHO, « Haxany BroooH mpoaoi
ofits aArTNPc W auepnnahextl chore writ Ha BOODyKHMH
copie oBpasus! panuonoKauonek CTANLWh PaBTHHOD ax
waves. Ye & Hear Sol HaMeTACR CWLUECTBEHHB PAI
ochawenin BMO CCCP v cpnoros Asmat n CIA coppananntnan
agvonoxayowns cpancraawn. C xevanom Boies! STOT pape
TpeoaoneTs He yaanods. Bonee Toro, oW npononxen yinyBnaTeca
Hanpaep, 8 BermwoSprranin Tonixo ana Hye voponeecarx BMC
vw mopcrom aanaunn sbrycxanocs 36 Brae
aaron panwonoxauponHon| annaparypei
(Ges wera onncxeuni), Exewecrsitat
PIC ana «Pony v eflecwari» wwpoKo nprnersnice nA
Lene nporasososaywhom oGopoKs!v oBnanann Hennoxin Tex
‘econ xaparTepicTitanh, OaHako wx eenyck oGecnestan nas
Iuagpeos Hapauyieaite coepewetnin: cpagcTs OGkapyxehis 8
‘oiceax NBO. Sto Guiro caasaHo Kak ¢ OBEN cnaBocTeO paAHO-
nesrpornoi npowsuunennocr# CCCP, Tax we oGcronrenscraaMt
‘soeHHoro apeueha. Hanpinien, TanbKo ¢ 1943 roga yaanode BodcTa-
‘osu varoTosnenive KoMTETYOUNK NEGeRM PAC,
Kany anit TBO cnoTos Ge 8 ohosHoN OCHeLEHE cre
tsi PYC-1, Tax Ceaeprticpnor wen gesrr» PYC-1, Bos oH 8
repekie ak soft! Gixnn yrnsToxens ura RewoNTApOS. TpmNeU
vasa HiSKO sdbexTHeHOCTH RAWOKTHpOBEHKBIE Crania 8 Crpol
snocnencreM He BEORUTICS.
180 Uepwomopcvaro dora Ha 22 woes 1941 ra wmenn Bcero
‘ase PYC-1. Tpaan, 8 Havane Won sno oTAK crak yaEmisie
ioc no socsii. KpoMe Tor, Torna we Ha chnor npwGtinn age PIC
Twn PYC-2. EnntcTeerin Ciro, mesh He BOODYKEHHN K Hae
‘ary Boeasix pehcranf cospemennjo crasiino PYC-2, Gun Barra
con, Wveounecs Ha core Hecconsno cranun Twn PYC-1 Gulw @
cemraBpe 1941 ropa fewowposars n paayrownneKTosaH.
Npovanoncrao P/IC o6HapyeHAA BoaAyUHEIX ene CCCP 6 1940-1945 ronax
sumo oTgensix Tano® CTaHu ROCTITAN :
Sin ceacreecntet nee, i jade [tote | t0aer [toes [9M [1845 r, [Beoro
‘oKauWOHHOM CTaHUNe CTeYecTaeHHOR pas- | PYC-A H a = e e = mL
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Hanaavt 8 rons sols, crane PYC-2 «Pe- ae
ee eee. Name 2 [ss [2 [no fare asa
twa PYC-2e sTleruarite, io a __ foo [sa [oe [sa foo [ost
26 ==2014 HAYKA WTEXHMKA 110—
Term oGpasou, cvcreNa o6kepyKetHtn soaayuen Yanai pec
nonarana x xevany 1942 rona equtnenan sxaeunnspann panwono-
xeuwontisn Cran. Caryauua oBnersanac Tem, WTO seNneune
‘oBbenTe| Cesephoro u Bamtwictoro noros waxonivce 8 npenenaK
anwonoKayiorHoro non vacreli MBO crpars, Tax, vacth NBO,
obecneuneaoune sauymy TennApana W SapoKexor pahoNa, 8 Ce
nue 1942 rage unerut scoout cram PYC-2. Tame, sme one
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‘nn Yepvow wope), pone caoeapeNeHoro OOHapyKENMA BOs
AywHoro npormeHaka OcTaaanace oveHs OoTpOR. NpowstuneHHocTS
He toma yosnersopue nonkocTso ace sano cpnora, Ta, 48 21
PAC rina PYC-2, Ha nonysesinsoropen 8 1942 roay Hacrensen Ha-
prowar BM®, peansto Gano nonyeNo stero vere. Waponomac-
luTabible nocrasth panvOnOKALVOHHOR Texkam Hawendcs TanNKO
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‘usHnode ye fo NeTepaanari KoUNeKTOR. Crone conngHoe no-
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cara, rocraensentse 8 1044 ogy He Geseeprétanhce He Goesax
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donor x cepenyme 1943 ropa wien verape
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‘a (no cpashenito co cpanel 8 npenbinyuve
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miuine+HocTe oogosna waroToaneate arn panapos Tuna GL-
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st O6pazeu nocryrii Ha goopymenve vacrek MBO 8 neKabpe 1942,
raga. Boaro Sa softy Beano waroToeneHo 124 crane COH-2a. Ma
BenmoBpirana c ocralpa 1941 no mapr 1944 roma Bsino seBexeHo
ewe 302 konnnexra axanorwtx cranint (8 CCCP osu wmenosa
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nocryrano 44 Ganee cosepwenhie cranui THna GL-MKcIl (na Be
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kot npotntuewrocrso non apKoit COWS
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cTATIBO Cesepvaro tinora Bone 1942 age
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fee 11 anpens 1942 ropa, Ho gm nocraHoBon
a 6oe80e aewyporea noTpoGoRanoce no
ronrega, BO Hepwowopckoo n Banicxoo
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ax w PIC oBapyxevun soanjuninr weneh,
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10 28 xounnexros. 310 whcio Guno Becata
HeBemio, ocoGeHHO 8 CpaBHenin ¢ KON
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crpants. Tax 8 vorue 1943 roga Teamrpane
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palo TIBO — cen,
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‘nw, no oTveriin pass, ABaquaTe CANONETOS NpOTBHIK
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‘opty ropa6na—2014 HAYKA WTEXHAKA M10—
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pawencinx PIC tuna SF-1. Ha ocransitix papwonoxaun He Bono.
Bonse wirencisho nprnenriace KopaGensiaa panwanoKauin ropa
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hve KeTepa waxnw novoR MpoTABHNa nO AanaM PanHONOKAHOH-
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pest Ceseproro conora) wunoprias panwonoxauosan annapeTypa
& yen sacra xopowyo ouenaynisHorococraea. Tak, OH
posatian 8 1942 rony Ha ninene waxy» ekravickan panvonoKaut-
Onan CraHun ynpasnenin onew Tana 264-NM4 razeKvo paGorana
ha npoTaxeHi eh sors. Ewe Bone2 conepuiteimn Geri aite-
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iu, 2 ¢ pyro — 80 soenaranHow wcTpeGnTene ANA saUTs COO-
Cex Tepprtoni. Ewe 8 1954 r, orga TonbxO win nentsTaHIR
IpoToTHn0e, nepanersNe Bbpannnn WaMepeHNe NOSKAKOMITECR C
«. Ho oGouinoce Ges cepbesHsk Mexclyraponie
vueeHTo8, x0TR ABaxine nepexserKTS B
galiove o. Kon pec «CeiGpsim, npiABuine Wx 3a coBeTCKN
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«Boryp> IB vapennsrake croniynice © TOA xe NpOGEMOA, TOM
‘panuysei — oTkas rqpasninxn craGnnnsaTopa, 28 wana 1956 r
10 2TOR nprsune Bkin CunbHo NoBpEXAeN NM NogasKe CaMOneET
oft 616, K cvacTo, arama ocrance Hespeaibst, caMoner
Heckonbxo Mecmles cTyCTA yaanoce BEpHyTS 8 crpOl. Cnenyer
CoTMeTHTS, ¥To 8 o6weR cnoxKocTH Mapas nonysn 31 «BoTyp.
8 1964 r. Guin nocrasnen onwH gononiirentHet eBorype IN (cH
301) a8 1968 r. — ase «Borypo IIA (ci 7 48; aTH Maun nocTasH-
‘ie Mapanne s pasoSyarHow Buse TpanenopTHsiat cauoneTaU)
B wapannacrne BSC Kanan wonuebuKauna «Borypa> nony-
‘suna orgentoe oBoskavenne: IIA — «Aner, IIB — «Bers, lIN—
«Tlawwenp (npovssontoe oT «Ho%» Ha napie). Kpowe Toro, Gons-
unicT80 cakioneToe meno coBcTBeHIbe imeHa, npiNen Hapaay
© Tpwowansitsun eMlasTepenun, xLRnoHauMy HW «@axToMacans—2014 HAYKA W TEXHAKA 110—
acrpevandch osonsxo opuriiansitie sapvan. Hanpiamep, cit
7 nonysnn wns «@uapror, a cli 8— eorpowel Cawonets ony-
‘anni w Goprossie Howepa: «Boryp> lA —03, 06, 07-09, 1,12, 4,
45,17, 18, 20-23, 25, 26, 29 30; IB —31, 3, 38,97, IN— 61,62,
7, 68, 70,
8 crpoesuie vacra BBC Vspanna Hoswe canonere Havant
noctynats 8 anpene 1958 r, a yke 8 aBrycre Geno OOBAENEHO 0
Aocrioxennn sxnmanantn «Borypose Beeson roTosHocrs. Mose
any uuu soopyxnna nee acxanpunon — 10x08 Pawar Jeans W
119-0 8 Tens-Hoch. B nepeoii cocpeacToswm ece Typuoeiat
W GomBannwposuyi, eTopaR me ronysHna CawoneTe! MORAKa-
un xBoTyp» IN, npogoraa napannentHo skcanyatnposarb nab
craps elleveoposs NF13. Ho 119% AB enonssosana sBorypss>
enonro— yxe 8 wone 1963 rx nepeqan T10-A sovenpise, @
‘19-0 8 cepyiowen rony nepesoopyxnni «Mnpancane IC,
8 apannscxmx BBC Ouino acyulecraneko HeckonsKo nporpamst
‘moneprinzawn aBoryposn. Yxe 8 1959 r. npwerynini x nepeoGo-
ynovarino GouSepanposuunnos 8 yaapho-passembiserensHsih
Dai. Exwhoro crannapra ne cywecTeosano, n weKail caMoneT
Honysan auqwenayansitin Konniext AMA aulepnancxoro npo-
sosoneTea, MoHTHpoBAawuic® 8 GouGooToeKe (icnonésoBANiC
samepol KH7, K-18, K38, @ TakKe cheuwannsnpoBaHHbe K-37 ANA
Hono Coen » naHopante K-52), onoGHsi oGpaaow ofopy-
‘Rowan Tpw «Borypap IB (a noxrioseHven GopTa 37, paxGnswero-
cca 1964 r). B oxrABpe 1964 rn nexabpe 1967 r Gunn noreprA
CcawoneTs Goo 35 37. Dna wx samen 8 pasaemancr nepe0G0-
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panapos » Hocosof acta ABA K-52 (a Gopr 70 — awe TpH K38 8
GonBooroene). Stn xe canoners Gut OBopynosais AByUs NO
‘Becht xonTehtepann «Gener» (Yabelel)c enneparypon PSB,
Kak v.00 Opavuan, 8 Vopaune xBoTypsi» wiporo wenons30-
Banc ANA paris eneraHi. B MaCTHOCTH, HCNBITEEACH
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poHeSofioN BY, YP «lechpnp-t»(nocneziwe ventiTeBanics He
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paseepisaTensHeienoneTa Waa TeppHTOPHRINA CONDE AERO
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now. lo 1964 stunann noTpeGrTene Hecrin aexyECTBO
®8 cwcreue MBO, Ho anocnencTeuu 3TH chykKuiH nonHOCTHIO ASST
a c26 ocxenpinsn eNupaxeti, C 1962 «Borype> IIA cHoTeNa-
Tecnu HaHOCHAN yAeps! M0 CHpHicAAN NoanyuAN 8 xOA «BORE
s@ ponys. OTM Ke caMoneTs snhsoqMNeckH npweneKenuce ¥ Ana
repexsaroe Hapyumrenelt rai sosayuroro npocTpakcrse Vs
ann. Brepetie nonoGioe cnysanoce 7 wows 1959 ¢, Kora Aa
«Borypas IA nepexearnni sersepky erunevoxx Mi-17,noepenM,
Inyuesse OFHEW OAAOTO ns HK
Cueva nepeeix ner sxcnnyarauin «Borypoe» 8 BEC Vspenna
Suina 8 yenow noaiTueHoh — camoner oKa3znon HACTORUIN CHa
CrTepon Ha ace pyri, naMenexascb x BsmonveH0 CaNEsK pasHOO-
paar sane HecrynarensHoro w obopoHHTenbHOrO xapaKTepa
Vurencnenan axcrayarawun o6ycnoBHna 2OB0RHO BBICOK YPO-
Bob noreps — 8 o6ueh croxnoctn x 1967 r. pasBnnoce AecaTe
eBorypos (802 NoTepH, no wopaNNSCKHM AHH, HeOO8H).
B rome Bpews catvoner cwranca aosonbHo Gesonachism An 3KH-
naga — 8 neTkbix npowowecrensx nori6no mau TPM ninore. Ho
acToRwee voneTakine nn 110-iackanpunei Geno snepeni
WECTHAHEBHAR BOMHA W NOCRERYIOUAR CAYKEA
iveny Goestnx aeioren (yrpo § moka 1967 r) 110-8 acKa
nN, pacopenoTONeHHAR Ha aavabasex Tent-Hodb H
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CcTanbHble xe OopynosaHs! 8 KAvECTEe MnnepOB yaDHbIK 38e-
Hoe8) 1 nse BoryD» IB (peosenvinn}, B acraapnnee vncranoce
Vispannbcknii $0-4050 Vautour IIA Gopr N230
'$0-4050 Vautour IIA BBC Mspamnn Gopr Ne13. Bin c6ur 5
Mopaannu 23.04.1969 r
$0-4050 Vautour IIA BBC Mapamna. Jleran nog womepa-
‘wm 6opr 07 ¥ 107. Boin cGur B Cupun 5.06.1967 r. Han
‘Bymotipom
£25 nunoToe W cea wirypwaHo8. B cooreercrawM ¢ paspaboraNHki
‘ewe # 1965 r nnasom ynpexaamuero ynapa no apaticxm 29p0-
‘Apouam, 110-5 AB nome Btina Sombie Kanone yaenentse
‘anna6adu! 8 Bepxwew Erne, nexasune 2a npenenow 6oeeoro pa-
Ayca Bo2x apyrnx wspannscki caMoneTos.
Paxson yrpone 5 wows no panno orp rexcrow nepeqannt
‘cbuuit noes ans nepaohyaeproi gonmes «Bce, x10 cnocoBex
sanereTs— sanevawr>. B 6.55 c nonocel aapoapowa Tens-Hobh
ronvanace nepeaA ynapHan rpyma 110-8 AG — oro Ou nepeet
juineT softs, nooKe HaseanHo# WecTanHesHOR. B Tevesne cne-
‘youlero vaca asnetenm ewe tpn see. Kande seevo Bxriovano
‘nvgepa (xBoryp>IIN wn IB) na-ToH wrypMosmia, Boe cantone-
‘Tal Hecht no BoceNs 70-«r GaroHOGoiHix Gow5 ana paspyweHKA
{BNuno oa 1300-n I, [rs TpexapoHsce yenbi Gisn a2ponpoM
Bawi-Cyahd, roe Caanposanice Ty-16, weteeproe ararozano AGy
CCyaiip — necro Seanposania Mn-28, Ha oBevx aavaGaaex Guinn
‘ospenqenbs BTN, tacts GoMSapnnpoouKoB Guin yrToKeHI
‘wiv nospexnens. B71 noprsnice 8 Bosayx ceMonersi POB, Onn
Seppanciposens wea Cmnzeu, nonaensa paGory ermnercxrx PIC.
Hearoweu, s 8.30 nocneaiws craprosan paggensHx ana KoHTpOMA
ppesyneraroe yaapos, Mront nepeoit aonms ana 110-1 A npwavan
31
BOEHHAA ABMALMaBOEHHAS ABMALMA
Cormiiunt — nine ogi cantoner ns 18 He chlor craprosarb Ha
crano ywacrie 8 onepa-
wa «Boxcep» — cepiut yapoe no uensis 8 ryGnHe enwneTcxOA
‘Teppnropin, Oaxravecki To cakeMevOBanO JaBepeMKE KApEEE
«Borypa» kax ynepHoro ceuonera — ate dbyhiuia Gena BoBnOKE-
a wa nocraeneniie CIA «Cxaiixonne, B noAGpe-neKaGpe 1969
«Boryp» IN ocywecTenna Hecxonbxo Goes sbineTos 8 KaMeCTBe
smgopos rpynn «Cxaixoros», B nansHefhwew «Bcrypem npwane-
KanMCe Mv ANA PaBBERKN M PAAHOSMeKTDOHHON GOPHER. 110-5
‘50-4050 Vautour IIB N233. B wacromuee epema Haxoqurea
Bmysee asnauan Mspanne
‘ckanpines 8 aerycre 1970 r. na¥ane nepesoopymenne Ha oCrai-
xoun, Hosnnoms ao mapra 1972 . ova coxpanana s ceget cocrase
Bevo «Borypos» — peasensnios w cauoneros P3E (Sopra 33, 68
70), Stu naw nonysnns B raYecTee cpepcTEa cauDoSopoKtA
no nape YP alllcbowp-tn, oyrae xe caworieTs aToro Tuna (oKano
‘ReCSITK2 MALMH) PASHECTAM B KENECTEE NOKHEN UeNeA Ha AEM
Basax Perpanint in Snt-Apnu Ha Craiixow n-o8e.
Tocresoesnas paniyscxas asvanponsiunesHocrs account
pyetea, npexne acero,c gash Soest cawoneTaM KoHUED
a «fjaceos. PaspaBorin npyrux chypm ocraires wax 6x! 8 TMH, 8,
ext TeM, W OK coonam Leni PAR WiTepecHbiK MawiNK, Oco-
oe wecro open nix npHHagnencT Borypy2. CneunanncTs 06%
ener SNCASO cywerit coanate enwicTeensit 8 Sananhon
spore nayxwoTopisit Horouenes0i OronozeyxOBotpeakriaHBh
cawoneT, crpoweuniics 8 sapwaxTax wTypMOBiNA, cppo‘ToBOrO
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‘a Bynyn nocraoneniun 8 Vopenns— yonewHo npwweHanca 8
Goeneix neicren @ KeNecTBe YAapHOrD CaNONeTs, PaDBeNNKE M
canoneta POE,
‘TTX camaneroe «Boryp»
Panwax puna 15.0
Twa povensixa, 15.57 15.4
wa nana, 1738, 7551
Bucora, 44
Finowazs wpa, 18m 45,00
“un TPL ra, wr Aap 10163, 3500
Macoa.
rycrore cauonera 0750 [10500 [1100
wopwansvansanerwan | 17500__| 6300__| #7100,
‘waccunarnvan wana 2o700 | 20810
Maxcuwanenas cropoers, cw é
we aucore 360980 —«( 978
seu 1105 [toe | 160
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luylo ¢ Gort BCI BTopyIo MMpoByI, BOeRABLIVIO Ha CaMBIK
pasHoo6pasntx TBO — ot nycrins Ceaeprol Agpwnm 20
[FxyHrnel ocrpoBos Tixoro oxeana. ByAYSM MonePHNHpOBAN-
Holt nocne Bohs, 105m raynua HaxonnAact B nponseoncT-
13¢ no 1983 r, a 8 AecATKAX CTPaM CoxpaHRETCA Ha BOOPYKEHIMN
we racTonutee epens,
KOMMCCHA BECTEPBENLTA
any Nepeok nnposdt sols: Coenen Ware pace
nariarar OBO CRPOMHOM To eBPONE ACN MEPKAN 2p
wel, eakoo eoapacraite ee wenewnacra 8 1917-1918 r.conpo-
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‘acted Ha wx Boopyxenie nocrynana, mastistt O6pa2ou, OpyAIA
panuyacxon paspatona — akanenirae 75m ronesie nyUKt,
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‘ot, na oB06weHnA ona Goesor0 nonMeHeHR APTHANEDH
soipeGoran perowenzeuni ane AanbHelwero pesBiTAA apTanne
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nocerina erpoeswe sacra w opyxeliexe saeonb. 5 Man 1919. KO-
voo1s npeacrasnna 38-crpakiststi goxnea, onpenenMw, 0
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scaranerin, Onistan, WTO NpeacedaTene FoNMCcHH revepaN Be
‘cepsensr enocneacrani eostnasun ua Apmini, 3 ORM ns NEKO
souverut Yonrep Boyrpair ran Wantnkouepannepu.
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‘oe apminnepin, Ho Mal KoCHEMR Miu Tex, KOTODHE OTHOCHTHC
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34
—2014 HAYKA WTEXHAKA ne10—
Tlercen ones rayOnua ennenace dnaN KOMMECA KK OD
se xenv6pa orano 105 mm, BegyYee oroke cHapARAI BCom
3085 ysTos (13,62-15,89 1) He aensHoots ao 12.000 spao3
(10.960 w). Yron eepracansroi wascaye aorken Gein cocrasnae
or -5* no +65 —a npimiyane, srsero HeoGessHoro. A Bor pH:
‘enHo Hosbit crano noxenakive OGecnesNTE royTOBDH ropHaoH-
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