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NiT 2014-10

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220 views84 pages

NiT 2014-10

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B 2004 rogy xypwan «TineliGoit waasan aptomar Kanaunurosa oquum na «50 usgenni, namennownx ups, onpegenus ero mecro nocne Kounbiotepa Apple Macintosh, nporusozavarownbix raGnerox sugeomar- uTogoka Sony Betamax. 18, Aromat Kanauinuona Toi wnn WHO MoneRH AB- ‘nAeTCh cambim nonynapHbin OpyAwent B KOMNbIOTEpHEIK urpax — oH ecre npaktaveckn Bo Bcex 3D-«crpenankax, 19, Cusaerca, uro vs aBTomara Kanaunitkosa 6bin0 ‘y61rro Gonbuse moneii, 42m B pesynbrare apTannepsiicko- To ore, aanaGonGapanponoK w pakeTHbIX oBcrpenoB. Exeroano ot myn Asrowara Kanawiuxosa nornGaer eraepre munnuiona wenoBeK, 20. 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Tax ka crak Tina PYC=1 m PYC-2 He morn Gem ononbaosanis pra ynpaane- uw erpans6f seunTuok aprannapi (mer enocrarosKya TosHOCTe OnpeaneHiA Kor paar), 8 1998-1940 ropa Guna caer roneinin pagpaGorar> cranun opyAniHh vasopc, Oxwaro wx npowaBopera0 70 sof he Okino opraaneosaHo. Cepwlioe npowssoncrBo craHun opyaHe ol van0qit HaNanocs Tonbo 8 1943 rony c aceoeHtem COH-Za, sensei axanoroM aHTTWNiCxD GTaHUIN GL-Mic PaGors: no cosnatito cawoneTHbx panwonoraTopoB TaGKS HaKO- unuice 8 saveroxwow cocTomsnn. OnbiTibi o6paxeu asiauvoHHot PIC nina ef weic-2» Gen paspaorak 8 1942 roay. C 1943 raza ora Cranuaa, 2 Tanke yryweian MonicbaKauHR aTHeic-59, rani no- Crynars ka soopymekine wacretrexenssx norpeGnenet BO. B 1944 raqy Hevanoce ockauenve PIIC cenelicraa «Tweiic» canoneros Mop- rom asnauan Paspaorka panwononaunokix crarunit 8 BenanoGparenan H CWA nawartace npamepH0 8 To xe epens, sro w 8 CozeTeKaM Con. 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Yucno pansonorau- Cee craNuW OpyRMHOA WaBoRAY, TaK KE ax w PIC oBapyxevun soanjuninr weneh, cro menneHvo. Ha 22 Woks 1944 roga & ‘acrx [BO Cesepnor, Banitiocto 4 Hep Howopceoro dinaToe Wx HacwITIBaNOKe B0e- 10 28 xounnexros. 310 whcio Guno Becata HeBemio, ocoGeHHO 8 CpaBHenin ¢ KON Cctaom ananonasiex crastl 8 30K BO crpants. Tax 8 vorue 1943 roga Teamrpane xan aps MBO vvena a soopyxenin ecane COH:2, Mypwancast palo TIBO — cen, ‘Taxrn o6pa20m, nepwon HavGonswero Hacoiyen NBO ¢no- ‘oo papwonorayworvol TexiuKon npnuenca Ha spews, xorga BEC Fepuana yxe orcasanice or atasitix AeAcraKA npoTAG OOweTOB chnora. Opin pagionaxayonie cranuin OBHePYHCHAR, 8 TY ‘coGexocTen 6zaipoeaivn ciNoTos, awe NpM MKMMaNHOM wre Ccarpann cao pane 8 6ops6e c soaayutiN npoTHBHcOM. HACE HocTs Taxi opynnisom asoany, Kanporie, ina npAtonponop ‘urovansta adbexrieHoora wx nprievennR, S70 Buino cneacTEMeN eavurrensHoro pantyca cGwep)pxennst COH-2. Beero 3a somy no abv COH-2 pnoroge seriTania nposend 1249 crpeneGe W Sie ‘nw, no oTveriin pass, ABaquaTe CANONETOS NpOTBHIK ens oGnecTa paspaGor w npowsenacrea PII ars une NBO cretecrbeHian npoubuunenHocTs curpana onpeneneHHYO DOM, TO anajye coBcTeeHHemn cunawu npovseoncre0 xopaensisi pamH- ‘onokanonnsk CTanyth 8 CCCP fo KOHAaHR BOM TaK WHO yaa ‘node, Coseroxan panwonpomsaunensocts 8 1944-1945 ronax cyan nocraBirs cinoTy Tonbxo enn skoeMnNAPH PYIC pasnAsHoro wasiavot. pu stom pr o6pa2u08 He yaoaneTBopAN TpeGoeaHnM nora Gain npasa Ha Boopyesive yoroEHo, Tipu oreyreraun coBcrearsx PAC npofneuy ocvauenta Kopa- Gre cospemerisnun cpencrBaI CBHaoyKeHNE! NEXGIO GeiNO pe- ur Tonk 3a o¥eT nocTasox mAnopTHR amnaparypes, NOsTOMY Ha ‘Goease rp BMO wunopTite panvonoKaunosHse cra CTa- si nocrynare yx 8 1942 rogy. Nepesta wx noryswnn ScxaApeHAEE tunowocus Ceseproro cbnora. fn wx ocHaueaia Bana vonon9o- sate avrmafcwre PIC rina 286M. 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Orov sence ueMTpens0seHHo NO AaKHN paZvoroxayAH rnepa «Bary», Tostocts crpensG, no coBercxnl nave, Guna ocTarOAHO BbCOKOR. nro axe ta Cosepviou cbrore, TpagynoHio nonywasweN ' ron soil HoB/Io UnOpTAYO Text nepREW, pannNOKATOpE Pasmenteune annaparypsi PC rina 291 wa Goewow nocry Ha ‘opty ropa6na —2014 HAYKA WTEXHAKA M10— ® oTHooHTensHo wnpoKin MacuiTaGax Cran ycranaBnMeaTEca Ha 32- sepwatowen otane Goesex aeiicret, Tak, no COCTORKID Ha KOHEA 444 toga Tonsko munep «Gacy» snien xopoUo cewoeHyo pepHON- xawwonniviannaparypy. Ha verspex acnumyax PIC HaxonAnici B rani oceoetuis. Ha OM eKyt6sues» npowsBonAncn MoHTeK ae pawencinx PIC tuna SF-1. Ha ocransitix papwonoxaun He Bono. Bonse wirencisho nprnenriace KopaGensiaa panwanoKauin ropa nm, nocrasnendsi no neng-nuay. Ha Ceseprow cinore Topnen- hve KeTepa waxnw novoR MpoTABHNa nO AanaM PanHONOKAHOH- Horo KaGriogewtn © 10 cenrabpa 1944 raza, vporo npnMeANHce PIC ane novwexa noasonwsnx noon. 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Ho 119% AB enonssosana sBorypss> enonro— yxe 8 wone 1963 rx nepeqan T10-A sovenpise, @ ‘19-0 8 cepyiowen rony nepesoopyxnni «Mnpancane IC, 8 apannscxmx BBC Ouino acyulecraneko HeckonsKo nporpamst ‘moneprinzawn aBoryposn. Yxe 8 1959 r. npwerynini x nepeoGo- ynovarino GouSepanposuunnos 8 yaapho-passembiserensHsih Dai. Exwhoro crannapra ne cywecTeosano, n weKail caMoneT Honysan auqwenayansitin Konniext AMA aulepnancxoro npo- sosoneTea, MoHTHpoBAawuic® 8 GouGooToeKe (icnonésoBANiC samepol KH7, K-18, K38, @ TakKe cheuwannsnpoBaHHbe K-37 ANA Hono Coen » naHopante K-52), onoGHsi oGpaaow ofopy- ‘Rowan Tpw «Borypap IB (a noxrioseHven GopTa 37, paxGnswero- cca 1964 r). B oxrABpe 1964 rn nexabpe 1967 r Gunn noreprA CcawoneTs Goo 35 37. Dna wx samen 8 pasaemancr nepe0G0- Pynozanu naa «Borypan IIN (Gopr 66 x 70), nonysveume esate panapos » Hocosof acta ABA K-52 (a Gopr 70 — awe TpH K38 8 GonBooroene). 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