131 different kinds of marketing

If ever you wanted evidence of just how sweeping and fragmented "marketing" is, try making a
list of every kind of marketing out there. It starts simple enough, with search marketing, email
marketing, product marketing, viral marketing — next thing you know, you have over a hundred
terms!

Inspired by a conversation with my friend Mark Kapij, I decided to put together such a list.

To keep it somewhat manageable, I decided to only include terms that ended with the word
marketing — any "                   marketing" phrase. So my apologies to advertising, branding,
public relations, packaging, pricing, and all other such nomenclature. I also decided to leave out
industry-specific terms such as real-estate marketing, healthcare marketing, political marketing,
etc., as well as segments like Hispanic marketing and Millennial marketing.

I included anything that qualified as a tactic ("loyalty marketing"), a channel ("mobile

marketing"), a style ("conversational marketing"), a structure ("corporate marketing"), or any
other widely applicable aspect of marketing. I included some synonyms ("Internet marketing"
and "online marketing"), but not exhaustively so. For each phase, I added a brief description and
a link to a resource or more detailed definition.

Do you have other phrases to nominate? Better descriptions or resources? Please add them in the
comments.

account-based marketing — marketing to individual, key accounts as markets of one

(Wikipedia)
affiliate marketing — paying affiliates to send traffic/customers to your website/business
(Affiliate Scout)
agile marketing — using agile development methodologies in the marketing department (a
manifesto)
algorithmic marketing — using software algorithms to execute (semi-)automated marketing
(computational)
ambush marketing — piggybacking marketing on a major event without paying for sponsorship
(WSJ article)
analytical marketing — quantitative methods and models of marketing (Carnegie Mellon
program)
article marketing — writing articles (online and offline) to promote one's business (Wikipedia)
B2B (business) marketing — marketing to other businesses (B2B Magazine)
B2C (consumer) marketing — marketing to consumers (B2C Marketing Insider)
B2P (person) marketing — marketing to persons, in business and life (New Marketing Labs
post)
behavioral marketing — targeting advertising/offers based on user behavior (ClickZ column)
blackhat marketing — primarily in SEO, unethically fooling the search engines to game rank
(About.com)
brand marketing — developing your brand, often contrasted to direct marketing (Best Brands
2010)
buzz marketing — getting people to talk about your stuff, similar to viral (Mark Hughes book)
call center marketing — outbound telemarketing and handling of inbound prospect/customer
calls
campus marketing — marketing to (and often by) college students, campus ambassadors
(Boston Globe)
catalog marketing — marketing through printed catalogs delivered in the mail (DIRECT
article)
cause marketing — businesses marketing cooperatively with nonprofit(s) to mutual benefit
(Alden Keene)
celebrity marketing — use of celebrities as spokespeople, for endorsements or testimonials
(BSI post)
channel marketing — marketing promotions through wholesalers, distributers, resellers
(definition)
closed loop marketing — measuring ROI from lifecycle of marketing to sales (Closed Loop
Marketing blog)
cloud marketing — using software-as-a-service (SaaS) applications for marketing
(CloudMarketing.org)
cooperative marketing — companies co-marketing a jointly developed product, service or
brand (Wikipedia)
communal marketing — engaging the public in the development of a marketing campaign
(Wikipedia)
community marketing — marketing by building an online community (Jeremiah Owyang's
blog)
computational marketing — the marketing equivalent of computational finance (my post)
content marketing — producing useful or entertaining content for your audience (Chris
Brogan's post)
contextual marketing — delivering relevant, optimal messages/offers, esp. online (HBS article)
controversial marketing — generating attention through controversy or conflict (Michael
Gray's post)
conversational marketing — actively engaging with consumers in two-way conversations
(Nokia preso)
conversion (rate) marketing — optimizing conversion rate in online marketing and sales (ion's
blog)
conversion content marketing — a hybrid of content marketing and conversion marketing
(SEL article)
corporate marketing — company-wide marketing and standards, esp. in multi-product firms
(Forrester report)
cross-marketing — co-marketing, product bundling, co-promotion, licensing, etc. (Wikipedia)
culture marketing — branded content, the intersection of culture and marketing (Chief
Marketer article)
data (web) marketing — using data as a marketing channel, esp. with the semantic web (my
post)
database marketing — using databases, such as CRM systems, to drive marketing programs
(The Book)
data-driven marketing — use data, especially analytics, to direct marketing decisions (Kellogg
program)
digital marketing — marketing through digital channels, primarily the Internet (AdAge Digital)
direct marketing — marketing directly to audience, often without TV, radio, or print ads
(DMA)
direct response marketing — direct marketing expressly designed to solicit a response
(Wikipedia)
disruptive marketing — applying disruptive innovation in marketing to create new markets
(Digital Tonto post)
diversity marketing — marketing to different culture groups in audience, i.e. in-culture
marketing (TransCity)
door-to-door marketing — salespeople walking to houses, knocking on doors (MSNBC story)
drip marketing — sending pre-planned messages to prospects/customers on a schedule (Inside
CRM article)
email marketing — emailing prospects/customers, either by list rental or express permission
(Email Insider)
entrepreneurial marketing — marketing in start-ups and new ventures, often guerilla style
(MIT course)
ethical marketing — marketing ethics for being socially/morally responsible (Wikipedia)
event marketing — running events such as trade shows, conferences, seminars, festivals (Event
Marketer)
expeditionary marketing — forging new markets before competitors (HBR article)
experiential marketing — enabling sensory interactions with brands (Experiential Marketing
Forum)
Facebook marketing — marketing on and through Facebook (SEOmoz Ultimate Guide)
field marketing — people selling and promoting in person, "in the field" (The Handbook)
geomarketing — geo-targeting for marketing tactics such as price, promotion (Geomarketing in
Practice)
global marketing — marketing of products/firms worldwide, global strategy and structure
(Forbes article)
green marketing — explicit promotion of products that are environmentally friendly (Green
Marketing book)
guerilla marketing — low-budget, high-impact marketing, typically entrepreneurial (Jay
Conrad Levison)
horizontal marketing — similar message across different groups/industries, in contrast to
vertical marketing
inbound marketing — pulling in customers via content, instead of pushing ads or cold-calls
(HubSpot)
industrial marketing — B2B marketing but specifically for large firms, esp. manufacturers
(Wikipedia)
influence(r) marketing — focus on convincing a few influential people in a market (Influencer
Marketing book)
informational marketing — providing useful/educational material to nurture audience, like
content marketing
in-game marketing — in-game advertising, also known as advergaming, and in-game
promotions (Wikipedia)
in-store marketing — promotions based at a retailer's location (In-Store Marketing Institute)
integrated marketing — coordination and integration of multiple marketing tools, channels,
vehicles (ClickZ)
interactive marketing — interactions between marketers and prospects, mostly online
(Forrester blog)
Internet marketing — synonymous with online marketing and web marketing (Wikipedia)
internal marketing — marketing to one's own employees to synchronize customer experiences
(Wikipedia)
international marketing — marketing overseas/across national borders, same as global
marketing (Wikipedia)
keyword marketing — researching and optimizing keywords in search marketing (WordStream
blog)
left-brain marketing — roughly synonymous with analytical marketing (Left Brain Marketing
blog)
local marketing — ad targeting and promotions to support brick-and-mortar stores
(WilsonWeb)
Long Tail marketing — marketing to many niche segments that aggregate to a huge audience
(Wikipedia)
loyalty marketing — focus on growing and retaining existing customers, e.g., rewards programs
(Wikipedia)
mobile marketing — marketing delivered via mobile devices such as (smart)phones (Mobile
Marketer)
multichannel marketing — using multiple channels to reach customers (Multichannel
Marketing Metrics)
multicultural marketing — pursuing ethnic audiences with products, advertising, experiences
(The Book)
multi-level marketing — marketing by recruiting others, who recruit more; e.g., pyramid
scheme (Wikipedia)
neuromarketing — the intersection of brain/cognitive science and marketing (Neuromarketing
blog)
new media marketing — essentially synonymous with online marketing, fading term
(Wikipedia)
newsletter marketing — delivering regular newsletters to target audience via email or print
(DIRECT article)
niche marketing — targeting very specific audience segments (Entrepreneur article)
non-traditional marketing — methods outside the norm, e.g., publicity stunts, guerrilla
marketing (Inc. article)
offline marketing — all marketing that doesn't happen online, traditional marketing
(MarketingSherpa)
one-to-one marketing — marketing to individual consumers: identify, differentiate, interact,
customize (book)
online marketing — marketing online, same as Internet or web marketing (Online Marketing
Summit)
outbound marketing — contact prospects via ads, cold calls, list rental; opposite of inbound
(BridgeGroup)
outdoor marketing — examples: door hangers, car advertising, billboards, balloons (eHow
article)
out-of-home marketing — marketing to people in public places, e.g., outdoor marketing
(Wikipedia)
performance marketing — marketing driven by performance metrics and ROI (Performance
Insider)
permission marketing — inspiring your audience to want to hear from you (Seth Godin's book)
personalized marketing — like one-to-one marketing, including product customization
(Wikipedia)
persuasion marketing — derived from "persuasion architecture" for effective web marketing
(the Eisenbergs)
point-of-sale marketing — advertising to customers at point of a purchase in a store (eHow
article)
post-click marketing — user experience after an ad/email click, e.g., landing pages (ion's blog)
PPC marketing — pay-per-click marketing on search engines, ad networks, social sites (PPC
Hero)
product marketing — marketing around a particular product, versus corporate marketing
(Wikipedia)
promotional marketing — broadly speaking, almost any kind of marketing to attract customers
(PROMO)
proximity marketing — localized wireless distribution of advertising associated with a place
(Wikipedia)
pull marketing — pushing messages to prospects, synonymous with inbound marketing (The
Power of Pull)
push marketing — prospects pull messages from you, synonymous with outbound marketing
(Wikipedia)
real-time marketing — accelerating marketing in the age of speed (David Meerman Scott book)
referral marketing — encouraging/incentivizing existing customers to refer new customers
(Wikipedia)
relationship marketing — emphasis on building long-term relationships with customers (Regis
McKenna)
remarketing — modern meaning: behaviorally-targeted advertising (Google Ad Innovations)
reply marketing — replying to end-users with personalized messages, e.g., Old Spice campaign
(Wikipedia)
scientific marketing — application of analytical testing/statistical methods in marketing
(Scientific Advertising)
search (engine) marketing — organic and paid promotion via Google, Bing, etc. (Search
Engine Land)
self marketing — marketing yourself, also known as personal branding (U.S. News article)
services marketing — approaches for selling services instead of products (Delivering Quality
Service)
shadow marketing — unexpected marketing outside the control of the marketing department
(my post)
shopper marketing — understanding how consumer shop across channels and formats
(Wikipedia)
social marketing — changing people's behaviors for the better, not social media marketing
(Squidoo)
social media marketing — interacting with prospects in social media channels (Social Media
Insider)
sports marketing — use of sporting events, teams, and athletes to promote products
(Wikipedia)
stealth marketing — ways of marketing surreptitiously to people, undercover marketing (HBR
article)
street marketing — unconventional marketing in public places meant to engage prospects
(Wikipedia)
technical marketing — marketing with technical depth to a technical audience (great post)
telemarketing — calling people on the phone with a pitch, usually uninvited (Wikipedia)
test-driven marketing — systematically and iteratively testing marketing ideas (Test-Driven
Marketing)
time marketing — research on when to release and promote products in the market (Wikipedia)
trade show marketing — subset of event marketing, exhibiting and promoting at trade shows
(TSNN)
traditional marketing — pre-Internet marketing methods and channels (MarketingProfs)
undercover marketing — when consumers don't know they're being steathily marketed to
(Wikipedia)
user-generated marketing — marketing created by consumers, communal marketing (Disney
campaign)
vertical marketing — packaging a solution differently for different industries (Wikipedia)
video marketing — incorporating videos in online marketing, leveraging YouTube (Pixability)
viral marketing — tapping into existing social networks to spread a marketing idea (Wikipedia)
web marketing — marketing on the web, synonymous with online marketing (Web Marketing
Today)
word-of-mouth marketing — when happy customers spread your marketing message
(WOMMA)
youth marketing — targeting young audiences, often using emerging channels (Wikipedia)