Sl no.

Sign Associated conditions Descripton

1. Aaron sign Appendicitis Epigastric pain with pressure on

McBurney's point
2. Abadie's sign Graves' disease Levator palpebrae superioris spasm

3. Abadie's symptom Tabes dorsalis Absence of pain on Achilles tendon

pressure
4. Abderhalden Pregnancy Serum reaction;obsolete
reaction
5. Abelin reaction Syphilis Presence of arsenical anti-
syphilitic;obsolete
6. Addis count Pyelonephritis Quantitative cells and casts in 24hr.
urine
7. Adie pupil Ciliary nerve damage dilated pupil, poorly reactive but with
normal near accommodation
8. Adson's sign Thoracic outlet syndrome obliteration of radial pulse with
manoeuvres
9. Alexander's law Vestibular lesions describes nystagmus in vestibular
lesions
10. Allen's test Arterial supply of the hand tests for presence of palmar ulnar-
radial anastomosis (palmar arch)
11. Apgar score assess health of newborn

12. Apley grind test Meniscal lesions manoeuvres to elicit knee pain

13. Argyll Robertson Neurosyphilis light-near dissociation

pupils
14. Arneth count Folate deficiency lobulation of neutrophil nuclei

15. Asboe-Hansen sign Bullae extension of a blister to adjacent

unblistered skin when pressed
16. Aschheim–Zondek Normal pregnancy oestral reaction in mouse injected with
test pregnant urine
17. Aschoff body Rheumatic fever foci of interstitial inflammatiuon in
the myocardium and elsewhere
18. Ashby technique Haemolysis agglutination test for erythrocyte
survival
19. Auberger's blood Normal physiology Aua antigen
group
20. Auenbrugger's sign Pericardial effusion bulging epigastrium

21. Auer rods Acute myeloid leukemia cytoplasmic inclusions in myeloblasts

22. Auspitz's sign Psoriasis pinpoint bleeding when scales are

removed from psoriasis or warts
23. Austin Flint Aortic insufficiency mid-diastolic rumble heard at apex
murmur
24. Babinski sign Abnormal plantar reflex dorsiflexion of the hallux with fanning
of the remaining phalanges upon soft
stimulation of the lateral plantar
surface of the foot
25. Bainbridge reflex Normal physiology increase in heart rate with increase in
circulating blood volume
26. Balbiani rings RNA transcription large chromosome puff indicating site
of RNA transcription
27. Ballance's sign Abdominal/Splenic trauma percussive dullness left flank, LUQ,
percussive resonance right flank
28. Bancroft's sign Deep vein thrombosis pain on anterior, but not lateral,
compression of calf
29. Bárány test Vertigo, Vestibular nystagmus elicited by hot or cold
dysfunction irrigation of ear canal
30. Barlow's maneuver Hip dysplasia dislocation on adduction of hip

31. Bart hemoglobin Indicates a specific cause of Loss of all four alpha-globin genes
death in some stillborns (total alpha-thalassemia) leads to
severely anemic stillborn babies with
small amounts of an abnormal
hemoglobin composed of four gamma
sub-units (Bart's Hemoglobin)
32. Bastian–Bruns sign Spinal cord transection loss of muscle tone and reflexes below
lesion level
33. Battle's sign Basal skull fracture mastoid ecchymosis
34. Beau's lines Multiple, including trauma transverse ridges on nails

35. Beck's triad Cardiac tamponade hypotension, increased central venous

pressure (JVP), distant heart sounds
36. Becker's sign Thyrotoxicosis visible pulsation of retinal arteries

37. Beevor's sign  Spinal trauma at T10 caudal movement of navel on cervical
 ALS (Amyotrophic lateral flexion
sclerosis)
 FSMD (facio
scapulohumeral muscular
dystrophy)
38. Bekhterev– Pyramidal tract lesions stroking dorsal radial skin, with
Jacobsohn reflex forearm in supination, elicits wrist and
finger flexion
39. Bekhterev–Mendel Pyramidal tract lesions toe flexion on percussion of dorsum of
reflex foot
40. Bence Jones Multiple myeloma
protein
41. Benedict solution Diabetes mellitus reagent for presence of
monosaccharides
42. Berger wave Normal physiology electroencephalographic alpha wave
(rhythm)
43. Bezold–Jarisch Effect of certain alkaloids apnea, bradycardia, hypotension
reflex
44. Bielschowsky's Lesions of cranial nerve IV test for palsy of superior oblique
head tilt test muscle
45. Bing's sign Pyramidal tract lesions extension of the great toe on pricking
the dorsum of the foot with a pin
46. Biot's respiration Brain stem herniation quick shallow respirations followed
by period of apnea
47. Bitot's spots Vitamin A deficiency spots of keratin deposition in the
conjunctiva
48. Bjerrum scotoma Glaucoma comet shaped visual field defect,
extending temporally from the
physiological blind spot
49. Blumberg sign Peritonitis rebound tenderness

50. Boas' point Gastric ulcer dermal hyperaesthesia just left of T12

51. Boas' sign Acute cholecystitis dermal hyperaesthesia at inferior

angle of R scapula
52. Bodansky unit unit of alkaline
phosphatase concentration in blood
53. Boston's sign Thyrotoxicosis spasmodic ptosis on downward gaze

54. Bouchard's nodes Osteoarthritis bony outgrowths on dorsa of proximal

interphalangeal joints
55. Bracht–Wachter Infective endocarditis yellow-white spots in the myocardium
bodies
56. Branham's sign pressing on proximal portion of AV
fistula results in bradycardia
57. Braxton Hicks Normal pregnancy "false labour". sporadic contractions
contraction beginning as early as mid 1st trimester
58. Brewer infarcts Pyelonephritis dark red wedge shaped areas on
kidney section resembling infarcts
59. Brissaud's reflex Pyramidal tract lesions plantar stimulation elicits contraction
of tensor fasciae latae
60. Broadbent inverted Left atrial hypertrophy systole palpable in posterior chest
sign wall
61. Broadbent sign Adhesive pericarditis recession of L inferior intercostal
spaces
62. Broca aphasia Developmental or other expressive aphasia
pathology of various frontal
cortical areas
63. Brodie– Varicose veins superficial vein is percussed
Trendelenburg proximally; if impulse is felt over vein
percussion test distally, valvular incompetence is
present
64. Budin's sign Suppurative mastitis if breast milk flown into a sterile pad
is mixed with pus (brown, yellow or
bloody traces), mastitis may be
present
65. Brodie– Varicose veins identifies level of valvular
Trendelenburg test incompetence
66. Brudziński neck Meningitis neck flexion elicits hip and knee
sign flexion
67. Brudziński cheek Meningitis pressure beneath zygoma elicits
sign flexion of forearm
68. Brudziński Meningitis pressure over symphisis pubis elicits
symphyseal sign knee, hip flexion and leg abduction
69. Brudziński reflex Meningitis passive flexion of knee to abdomen
elicits flexion of contralateral hip and
knee
70. Bruit de Roger Ventricular septal defect loud pansystolic murmur

71. Bruns ataxia Frontal lobe lesions difficulty moving feet in contact with
floor, tendency to fall backwards
72. Bruns nystagmus  Cerebellopontine angle nystagmus that coarsens in amplitude
tumor on lateral gaze
 Vestibular schwannoma
73. Brushfield spots Downs' syndrome or non- greyish-white spots at periphery of iris
pathological
74. Buerger's test Peripheral artery disease pallor of the leg upon elevation

75. Burton line Lead poisoning blue discolouration of the gingival

border
76. Cabot rings Lead poisoning, threadlike strands in erythrocytes
Anaemias
77. Caput medusae Portal hypertension distended veins radiating from
umbilicus
78. Cardarelli's sign  Aortic arch dilatation or left displacement of trachea elicits
aneurysm palpable pulsation of same
 Mediastinal tumour
79. Carey Coombs Rheumatic fever mid-diastolic rumble
murmur
80. Carnett's sign Abdominal mass and/or pain supine patient lifts head from bed;↑
pain – abdominal wall ;↓ pain –
intraperitoneal
81. Carvallo's sign Tricuspid regurgitation increase in volume of murmur on
inspiration
82. Casal collar Pellagra (niacin deficiency) widely variable collar of dermatitis
characteristically in c3,c4 dermatomes
83. Casoni test Hydatid disease intradermal injection of hydatid fluid
causing wheal
84. Celsus signs of Inflammation 1. Rubor (redness) 2. Tumor
inflammation (swelling)3. Calor (heat) 4. Dolor
(pain)
85. Chaddock reflex  Pyramidal lesions extension of big toe with stimulation
 Corticospinal tract lesions of skin over lateral malleolus
86. Chadwick sign Pregnancy cyanosis of vulva, vagina and cervix

87. Charcot's triad Ascending cholangitis jaundice, fever and chills, RUQ pain

88. Charcot's triad Multiple sclerosis nystagmus, intention tremor, staccato

speech
89. Charcot–Leyden Any disorder characterized by lysophospholipase crystals in various
crystals eosinophil proliferation, tissues
e.g. ascariasis
90. Cheyne–Stokes Respiratory center damage fluctuation
respiration between apnoea and tachypnoea
91. Churchill–Cope Heart failure distension of pulmonary vascular bed
reflex causes tachypnoea
92. Chvostek sign Hypocalcemia tapping over facial nerve elicits
abnormal muscle contraction(s)
93. Claybrook sign blunt abdominal trauma heart and/or breath sounds heard
through abdominal wall indicate
rupture of viscus
94. Clutton's joints Congenital syphilis painless symmetrical hydrarthroses,
particularly of the knees
95. Codman's triangle Osteosarcoma, Ewing's triangular subperiosteal growth
sarcoma
96. Comby sign Rubeola whitish patches on gingiva and buccal
mucosa
97. Comolli's sign Scapular fracture triangular swelling corresponding to
the outline of the scapula
98. Coombs test Hemolytic anemia

99. Coons fluorescent detection of antibodies

antibody method by fluorescence
microscopy using fluorescein-labelled 
antibodies
100. Cornell's sign P[yramidal tract lesions scratching alongside big toe extensor
tendon elicits an extensor plantar
response
101. Corrigan pulse Aortic insufficiency carotid pulsations with abrupt
ascending and descending phases
102. Councilman body  Yellow fever eosinophilic globules in liver
 Viral haemorrhagic fevers
103. Courvoisier's law Obstructive jaundice palpable gall bladder w/ painless
jaundice unlikely to be cholelithiasis
104. Crichton-Browne General paresis tremor at corners of mouth and of
sign outer canthus
105. Crowe sign Neurofibromatosis type I axillary freckling

106. Cruveilhier– Cruveilhier–Baumgarten bruit around the umbilicus

Baumgarten bruit disease
107. Cullen's sign Intra-abdominal haemorrhage ecchymosis around umbilicus predicts
onset of acute pancreatitis
108. Curschmann Asthma spiral mucus plugs found in sputum
spirals
109. Cushing's triad Raised intracranial pressure elevated systolic bp, bradycardia,
irregular respiration
110. Dagher Maneuver Penetrating pelvic trauma bimanual palpation of foreign object
lodged in pelvis with one digit in an
incision lateral to the anus and the
other digit inserted in the rectum
111. Dahlén–Fuchs Sympathetic ophthalmia
nodules
112. Dahl's sign COPD pigmented calluses on anterior surface
of thighs (from leaning on elbows)
113. Dalrymple sign Thyrotoxicosis widened palpebral opening
114. Dance's sign Ileo-cecal intussusception empty RLQ (retracted right iliac
fossa)
115. Darier's sign Urticaria pigmentosa dermatographia

116. Dawson's fingers Multiple sclerosis characteristic fingerlike appearance of

lateral ventricle on mri, ct, or at
autopsy
117. De Musset's sign Aortic insufficiency head nodding in time with heartbeat

118. Dennie–Morgan Atopic dermatitis accentuated fold below the lower

fold eyelid
119. Destot's sign Pelvic fracture ecchymosis superior to inguinal
ligament, in scrotum or of thigh
120. Dix–Hallpike test Benign paroxysmal positional Elicitation of extreme vertigo upon
vertigo lateral movement of a patient's head
when lying in a supine position
121. Döhle bodies Various including trauma and basophilic inclusions in peripheral
neoplasm cytoplasm of neutrophils
122. Doi's sign Eaton–Lambert syndrome reappearance of absent deep tendon
reflexes after short period of maximal
muscle contraction
123. Dunphy sign Appendicitis increase in abdominal pain on
coughing
124. Duroziez's sign Aortic insufficiency double bruit heard over femoral artery
when it is compressed distally (see
Traube's sign)
125. Elschnig spots Hypertensive retinopathy

126. Epstein's pearls Normal newborn cystic papules on palate

127. Ewart's sign Pericardial effusion percussive dullness, aegophony and

bronchial breath sounds at L scapular
tip
128. Faget sign  Yellow fever  the unusual constellation of fever
 Typhoid Fever  and bradycardia
 Tularaemia 
 Brucellosis 
129. Finkelstein's test DeQuervain's tenosynovitis

130. Forchheimer spots Rubella small red spots on the soft palate

131. Fothergill's sign Rectus sheath hematoma anterior abdominal mass which does
not cross the midline and is still
palpable when abdominal wall
muscles are tensed
132. Fox's sign Haemorrhagic pancreatitis ecchymosis of inguinal ligament
(blood tracks retroperitoneally)
133. Frank's sign Ischaemic heart disease ear crease indicating risk of heart
disease (disputed)
134. Friedreich's sign Constrictive pericarditis, collapse of distended neck veins in
tricuspid insufficiency diastole
135. Froment's sign Ulnar nerve palsy patient required to hold paper between
thumb and palm (against attempt to
withdraw);ability to do so is assessed
136. Gallavardin Aortic stenosis dissociation of musical and noisy
phenomenon elements in ejection murmur
137. Gamna–Favre Lymphogranuloma venereum basophilic cytoplasmic inclusion
bodies bodies
138. Gandy–Gamna Splenomegaly due to portal small yellow-brown foci in the spleen
nodules hypertension and sickle cell
disease
139. Garrod's pads Repeated extreme tension of thickening of skin and tissue over
extensor tendon in interphalangeal joint
interphalangeal joint
140. Gerhardt's sign controversial[permanent dead link]:
see references
141. Glasgow Coma A neurological scale which The sum of Eye, Motor and Verbal
Scale aims to give a reliable and responses.
objective way of recording the
conscious state of a person for
initial as well as subsequent
assessment.
142. Goetz sign Right ventriculography in the the negative contrast effect seen in the
setting of a patent ductus pulmonary artery from non-contrast
arteriosus enhanced blood shunting left to right
from the aorta
143. Gonda's sign Pyramidal tract lesions flexing then suddenly releasing the
4th toe elicits an extensor plantar
response
144. Goodell's sign Pregnancy softening of the vaginal part of the
cervix during the first trimester
145. Goodsall's rule Anal fistula anatomical relationships,
differentiation of fistula types
146. Gordon's sign Pyramidal tract lesions squeezing the calf muscle elicits an
extensor plantar response
147. Gottron's papules Dermatomyositis Scaling, erythematous eruption or
dusky red patches over the knuckles,
elbows and knees
148. Gowers' sign[3] Muscular dystrophy

149. Graham Steell Mitral stenosis pulmonary regurgitation murmur in

murmur patients with pulmonary
hypertension secondary to mitral
stenosis
150. Grey Turner's sign Retroperitoneal hemorrhage flank ecchymosis

151. Griffith's sign Graves' ophthalmopathy lid lag of the lower eyelid on upward
eye movement
152. Gunn's sign Hypertension AV "nicking" or "nipping"
in hypertensive retinopathy
153. Hamman's sign Oesophageal perforation w/ crepitus in sync w/ heartbeat but not
pneumomediastinum respiration
154. Hampton's hump Pulmonary embolus with wedge shaped consolidation at
infarct periphery with base on the pleura
155. Hampton's line Peptic ulcer line on barium meal indicating
mucosal oedema associated with ulcer
156. Hannington-Kiff Obturator hernia absent thigh adductor reflex with
sign positive patellar reflex
157. Harrison's groove Rickets rib deformity at the lower thorax

158. Hatchcock's sign Mumps tenderness behind angle of jaw

(typically before swelling is evident)
159. Heberden's node Osteoarthritis same as bouchard's nodes, but over
dip joints
160. Hegar's sign Normal pregnancy softening of cervical isthmus
appearing between 4th and 6th weeks
(usually)
161. Hess test Capillary fragility appearance of petechiae after
compression of arm by bandage or
blood pressure cuff
162. Hildreth's sign Glomus tumor Relief of pain at tumor site upon
vascular occlusion of limb, with acute
return of pain on reperfusion
163. Hippocratic face Impending death

164. Hippocratic fingers Chronic hypoxia clubbing of distal phalanges

165. Hirschberg test Strabismus corneal reflection centred (-) or not

centred (+) on pupil
166. Hoffmann's sign Corticospinal tract lesions tapping distal phalanx of 3rd or 4th
finger elicits flexion of same in thumb
167. Hollenhorst plaque  Hypertension cholesterol embolus(i) of retinal
 Coronary artery disease artery(ies)
Diabetes
168. Homans' sign Deep venous thrombosis knee bent, ankle abruptly dorsiflexed,
popliteal pain
169. Hoover's sign (leg Lower extremity paresis differentiates organic from non-
paresis) organic etiology
170. Hoover's sign COPD inward movement of lower ribs during
(pulmonary) inspiration
171. Howship–Romberg Obturator hernia pain from an obturator hernia
sign radiating to knee
172. Hubscher's Flexible vs rigid flatfoot Patient bears weight on foot. Hallux is
Maneuver deformity dorsiflexed. If arch is recreated, test is
positive. Indicative of flexible
deformity
173. Hutchinson's Melanoma precancerous facial pigmentation
freckle
174. Hutchinson's pupil Oculomotor nerve lesion dilated pupil on the side of an
intracranial lesion due to IIIrd nerve
compression
175. Hutchinson's sign Herpes zoster lesion on tip of the nose which can
presage ocular herpes zoster
176. Hutchinson's Congenital syphilis small, widely spaced incisors with
teeth[4] notched biting surfaces
177. Hutchinson's triad Congenital syphilis interstitial keratitis, nerve deafness,
Hutchinson's teeth
178. Janeway lesion Infective endocarditis palmar or plantar erythematous or
haemorrhagic papules
179. Jendrassik Hyporeflexia compares patellar reflex w/ and w/o
maneuver distraction
180. Jobe's relocation
test
181. Joffroy's sign Exophthalmos in Graves lack of forehead wrinkling when
disease patient looks up with head bowed
182. Jolly's test  Myasthenia gravis electromyography test using repeated
 Eaton–Lambert syndrome stimuli to show fatiguability in
myasthenia
183. Jones criteria Rheumatic fever criteria used to diagnose rheumatic
fever
184. Kanavel's sign Tenosynovitis of flexor (1) finger held in slight flexion, (2)
digitorum tendon fusiform swelling, (3) tenderness
along the flexor tendon sheath, and (4)
pain with passive extension of the
digit.
185. Kayser–Fleischer Wilson's disease ring of brownish copper deposit at
ring (hepatolenticular degeneration) corneo-scleral junction
186. Kehr's sign Ruptured spleen referred pain to L shoulder

187. Kelly's sign visible response of ureter when

touched (means of identifying same)
188. Kerley lines Pulmonary edema

189. Kernig's sign  Meningism hip and knee fully flexed, extension of
 Meningitis knee elicits pain and/or opisthotonus
 Subarachnoid haemorrhage
190. Kocher's sign  Hyperthyroidism In fixation on a fast upwards
 Basedow's disease movement there occurs a convulsive
retraction of the eyelid
191. Koebner's Various conditions
phenomenon
192. Koeppe's nodules Uveitis granulomatous nodules at pupillary
margin
193. Koplik's spots Measles

194. Korotkoff sounds Auscultatory  Korotkov described 5 sounds. Only

sphygmomanometry the first (the onset of audible sound,
and corresponding to systolic
pressure) and the fifth (sound
becomes inaudible, corresponding to
diastolic pressure) are of practical
clinical significance (however,
see:Auscultatory gap)
195. Kussmaul Metabolic acidosis laboured deep breathing with normal
breathing[5] or reduced frequency
196. Kussmaul's sign Right side failure increased jugular distension on
inspiration
197. Kveim test Sarcoidosis intradermal injection of lymphatic
extract from known sufferer; obsolete
198. Lachman Anterior cruciate modified anterior drawer test with
maneuver ligament injury knee in less flexion
199. Ladin's sign Normal pregnancy softening of uterus; similar to Hegar's
sign
200. Lancisi's sign Tricuspid regurgitation giant v-wave in seen in jugular vein

201. Larrey's sign Sacroiliitis pain in sacroiliac area on sitting down

on hard chair
202. Lasègue's sign Lumbar disc lesions, sciatica better known as straight leg raise test

203. Leopold's determination of fetal lie

maneuver
204. Leser–Trélat sign Malignant neoplasm sudden onset of
multiple pruritic seborrheic keratoses
205. Levine's sign Myocardial infarction patient clenches fist over chest when
asked to describe pain
206. Lhermitte's sign  Lesions of cervical cord electrical sensation down the back and
dorsal columns or caudal into limbs with neck flexion or
medulla extension
 MS (Mitral Stenosis)
 Chemotherapy
 Behçet's disease
207. Liebermeister's For each fever degree Celsius an
rule increase of 8 beats per minute in
cardiac frequency
208. Lisch nodule Type I neurofibromatosis yellow brown hamartomata on iris

209. Lisker's sign Deep venous thrombosis tenderness on percussion of antero-

medial tibia
210. Litten's sign Infective endocarditis cotton-wool exudate in the retina

211. Lombard effect Malingering due to simulated automatic rise in the loudness of a
deafness person's voice when they speak in
noise
212. Louvel's sign Deep venous thrombosis increased pain along vein with
valsalva; proximal pressure prevents
this
213. Lowenberg's sign Deep vein thrombosis immediate pain on inflating blood
pressure cuff around calf
214. MacDonald triad Sociopathic personality eneuresis, firesetting and animal
disorder torture predictive of future criminal
behaviour
215. Macewen's sign Hydrocephalus, brain abscess resonance on percussion of fronto-
temporo-parietal suture
216. Magnan's sign Cocaine dependence feeling of moving foreign body under
the skin
217. Mantoux test Tuberculosis intradermal protein derivative –
diameter of wheal evaluated
218. Marcus Gunn pupil  Severe retinal disease Relative pupil dilatation when light
 Lesion of optic nerve swings to the affected side
anterior to chiasm
219. Markle sign Appendicitis RLQ pain on dropping from standing
on toes to heels
220. Mayne's sign Aortic insufficiency diastolic blood pressure drop of
>15mmHg on raising arm
221. McBurney's point Appendicitis 2/3 of the way lateral on a line from
umbilicus to anterior superior iliac
spine (corresponds to junction of
vermiform appendix and cecum)
222. McConnell's sign Pulmonary embolism echocardiography finding of akinesia
of the mid-free wall of the right
ventricle but normal motion of the
apex
223. McMurray test Meniscal tear knee extended, valgus stress applied,
leg rotated produces palpable or
audible click
224. Means–Lerman Hyperthyroidism systolic heart murmur similar to
scratch pericardial rub
225. Mees' lines Arsenic or heavy metal transverse white lines across the nails
poisoning
226. Mellinghoff's sign Cutaneous decompression coughing or Valsalve accentuates the
sickness venous markings of an erysipeloid
rash
227. Mentzer index Microcytic anemia differentiates iron deficiency anaemia
from beta thalassaemia
228. Miller Fisher test Normal pressure Improvement in cognitive function
hydrocephalus after withdrawal of CSF
during lumbar puncture used to
confirm diagnosis
229. Moniz sign Pyramidal tract lesions forceful plantar flexion of the ankle
elicits an extensor plantar response
230. Möbius sign Thyrotoxicosis inability to maintain convergence of
eyes
231. Muehrcke's lines Hypoalbuminaemia, chemother paired transverse white lines on nail
apy bed
232. Mulder's sign Morton's neuroma transverse compression of the forefoot
elicits pain in the distribution of the
affected nerve
233. Müller's maneuver Collapsed section of airway patient attempts to breathe in with
nose and mouth closed (opposite
of Valsalva maneuver)
234. Müller's sign Aortic insufficiency visible pulsation or bobbing of uvula

235. Murphy's punch Perinephric abscess punch tenderness at the costovertebral

sign angle
236. Murphy's sign Cholecystitis hesitation on inspiration while gall
bladder is palpated
237. Myerson's sign Parkinson's disease inability to resist blinking when
glabella is percussed
238. Naegele's rule Gestation method of estimating due date

239. Nardi test Dysfunction of sphincter of administration of morphine and

Oddi neostigmine reproduces sharp LUQ
pain; not in general use
240. Nikolsky's sign Pemphigus vulgaris shearing of epidermis under pressure

241. O'Brien's test

242. O'Donoghue's triad Knee injury coincidence of anterior cruciate
injury, medial collateral injury and
meniscal tear
243. Oliver's sign Aortic arch aneurysm caudal movement of trachea with
systole
244. Oppenheim's sign Pyramidal tract lesions irritation downward of the medial
tibia causes dorsiflexion of big toe
245. Ortolani test Congenital hip dislocation palpable clunk on moving hip

246. Osborn wave Hypothermia positive deflection at QRS-ST

junction
247. Osler's node  SBE (Subacute bacterial painful red lesions on the pads of the
endocarditis) fingers and plantar surfaces
 SLE
248. Osler's sign Atherosclerosis falsely elevated bp reading due to
incompressibility of calcified vessels
249. Palla's sign Pulmonary embolism enlarged right descending pulmonary
artery on chest x-ray
250. Pastia's sign Scarlet fever lines of confluent petechiae in skin
creases (associated
with Scarlatiniform rash and strep
pyogenes)
251. Patrick's test Sacroiliitis external rotation of the hip causes pain

252. Peabody's sign Deep vein thrombosis calf muscle spasm when raising the
affected leg with the foot extended
253. Pemberton's sign Retrosternal mass arms elevated over head elicits facial
with superior vena cava plethora, distended neck veins and
syndrome inspiratory stridor
254. Phalen's maneuver Carpal tunnel syndrome 30–60 seconds of full forced flexion
of wrist elicits symptoms
255. Piskaçek's sign Normal pregnancy palpable lateral bulge at tubal-uterine
junction; present at 7–8 weeks
256. Plummer's nail Thyrotoxicosis onycholysis especially of ring and
little fingers
257. Pratt's sign Deep venous thrombosis pain elicited by compression of
posterior calf
258. Queckenstedt's Spinal stenosis bilateral jugular vein pressure
maneuver during lumbar puncture causes sudden
rise in CSF pressure
259. Quincke's sign Aortic insufficiency visible pulsation in ungual capillary
bed
260. Reynolds' pentad Ascending cholangitis Charcot's triad + hypotension and
altered mental state
261. Riesman's sign Thyrotoxicosis bruit over globe of the eye

262. Rigler's sign[6] Pneumoperitoneum gas outlines both mucosal and serosal
surfaces of bowel
263. Rinne test Hearing impairment comparison of air conduction to bone
conduction differentiates
sensorineural from conductive
deafness
264. Romaña's sign Chagas' disease painless unilateral periorbital swelling

265. Romberg test  Dorsal column lesions inability to maintain posture with eyes
 Cerebllar lesions closed
 Alcohol intoxication
266. Rose's sign Deep vein thrombosis Warm, stiff feeling of skin when
affected leg is pinched
267. Rosenbach's test Bilirubinuria colour produced on addition of nitric
acid
268. Rosenstein's sign Appendicitis tenderness in the right lower quadrant
increases when the patient moves
from the supine position to a
recumbent posture on the left side
269. Rossolimo's sign Pyramidal tract lesions percussion of the tips of the toes
causes exaggerated flexion of the toes
270. Roth's spots  SBE retinal haemorrhages with pale centres
 Systemic vasculitides seen at fundoscopy
271. Rovsing's sign Appendicitis palpation of LLQ elicits pain in RLQ
272. Rumpel–Leede sign Capillary fragility petechiae seen after compression by
tourniquet
273. Russell's sign Bulimia nervosa scarring of the dorsum of one hand
(contact with incisors when purging)
274. Salus's sign Hypertension deflection of retinal veins at right
angle junctions due to elongation or
shortening of connected arterioles
275. Schaeffer's sign Pyramidal tract lesions squeezing the Achilles tendon elicits
an extensor plantar response
276. Schamroth's Chronic hypoxia identifies clubbing of distal phalanges
window test
277. Schiller's test Cervical cancer affected areas of cervix fail to stain
brown with iodine solution
278. Schilling test  Pernicious anaemia B12 radioassay; rare
 Coeliac disease
 Other malabsorption
disorders
279. Schirmer's test Keratoconjunctivitis sicca, as quantifies lacrimal secretion
in Sjögren's syndrome
280. Schober test Various disorders of lumbar quantifies lumbar flexion
vertebrae
281. Sherren's triangle Appendicitis area of hyperaesthesia over the right
lower abdomen
282. Shone's complex Congenital heart defect supravalvular mitral ring, parachute
deformity of mitral valve, subaortic
stenosis and coarctation of the aorta
283. Siegrist streaks Malignant hypertension hyperpigmented sreaks parallel to
choroidal vessels
284. Simmonds' test Achilles tendon rupture squeezing of calf fails to produce
plantar flexion
285. Sims–Huhner test Infertility determination of sperm count and
motility in a sample taken from
the cervical canal within an hour
of intercourse
286. Sister Mary Joseph Various abdominal palpable lymph node in the umbilicus
nodule[7] malignancies
287. Spurling's test Cervical radiculopathy axial compression and rotation of
cervical spine to the side of symptoms
causes pain
288. Stellwag's sign Thyrotoxicosis infrequent and/or incomplete blinking,
accompanied by Dalrymple's sign
289. Still's murmur  Subaortic stenosis systolic ejection sound ;
 Small Ventricular septal vibratory/musical; best heard at left
defect lower sternal border
290. Stransky's sign Pyramidal tract lesions sudden abduction and release of little
toe causes extensor plantar response
291. Stroop test  ADHD reaction times for incongruent stimuli
 Schizophrenia (e.g., word red printed in blue)
292. Strümpell's sign Spastic pareses of the lower failure of abrupt passive flexion of the
extremity hip and/or knee to elicit dorsiflexion
and adduction of foot
293. Terry's nails Hepatic failure white 'ground glass' nails;absence of
lunula
294. Terry Thomas sign Scapho-lunate dissociation Gap between the scaphoid and lunate
bones on AP wrist radiograph
295. Thomas test Fixed flexion deformity of hip Supine patient flexes one hip whilst
keeping other leg flat; back arches if
flexion deformity is present
296. Throckmorton's Pyramidal tract lesions pressure over dorsal big toe MTP joint
reflex elicits an extensor plantar response
297. Tinel's sign  Neuritis 'DTP' – distal tingling on percussion
 Compression disorders
298. Todd's paresis Seizure disorders focal weakness for as much as 48
hours after seizure
299. Traube's sign Splenomegaly dull percussion sound over Traube's
space
300. Trendelenburg's  Inferior gluteal palsy pelvic tilt contralateral to 'stance leg'
sign  Other causes of hip
abductors weakness
301. Troisier's sign Various abdominal Enlargement of the
malignancies, left supraclavicular lymph
especially stomach cancer node (=Virchow's node)
302. Trousseau's sign of various malignancies, spontaneous thrombosis of multiple
malignancy including pancreatic veins, including portal circulation
303. Trousseau's sign of Hypocalcaemia in hypocalcaemia, occlusion of
latent tetany brachial artery induces carpal spasm
304. Uhthoff's Multiple sclerosis ↑ in neurological symptoms with
phenomenon exercise or other increase in body
temperature
305. Unterberger test Vestibular lesions patient walks in place with eyes
closed;direction of rotation indicates
vestibular lesion on that side
306. Virchow's node Various abdominal Enlargement of the
malignancies, left supraclavicular lymph
especially stomach cancer node (=Troisier's sign)
307. Virchow's triad Etiology of thrombosis Hypercoagulability, Hemodynamic
changes (stasis, turbulence) and
Endothelial injury/dysfunction
308. Von Braun- Pregnancy softening of the uterine fundus at the
Fernwald's sign site of implantation at 4–5 weeks
gestation
309. Von Graefe sign Graves' disease ' lid lag'; immobility of upper lid on
downward gaze
310. Wada test  Epilepsy short acting barbiturate injected in
 Anatomical lesions of internal carotid; lateralizes language
cerebrum function
311. Waddell's signs Chronic pain identify non-organic sources of low
back pain
312. Waddell's triad Child pedestrian struck by Head trauma, thoracic and/or
motor vehicle abdominal trauma, femoral fracture
313. Watson's water Aortic regurgitation bounding forceful pulse elicited with
hammer pulse postural manoeuvres
314. Wellens' sign or Severe stenosis of LAD characteristic ekg changes
warning
315. Westermark sign Pulmonary embolism Area of oligaemia on chest x-ray

316. Whipple's triad Hypoglycemia 1.symptoms associated with

hypoglycaemia 2. measured low
serum glucose 3. relief of symptoms
with administration of glucose p.o. or
iv
317. Wickham's striae Lichen planus white or greyish lines on the lichen
planus lesions
318. Widal test Enteric fever serum agglutination; obsolete(?)

319. Winterbottom's Trypanosomiasis posterior cervical chain adenopathy

sign
320. Wolff–Parkinson– Supraventricular tachycardia pre-excitation on ECG
White triad
321. Wright's maneuver

322. Yeoman's test Sacroiliitis sacroiliac pain on rotation of ilium

and extension of hip
323. Yergason's test Bicipital tendinitis Anterior shoulder pain with resisted
supination of the forearm