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1c-3 Solving Simultaneous Equations Graphically

This document provides examples of solving simultaneous equations graphically. It shows how to plot the graphs of both equations on the same grid and find the point(s) where they intersect, which represent the solution(s). Example 1 solves the equations y = 5x + 2 and x + y = 5 graphically. Example 2 solves the equations y = x - 4 and y = x^2 - 4x + 2 graphically. The document also provides practice problems asking the reader to solve other pairs of simultaneous equations graphically.

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Elsa Xu
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233 views4 pages

1c-3 Solving Simultaneous Equations Graphically

This document provides examples of solving simultaneous equations graphically. It shows how to plot the graphs of both equations on the same grid and find the point(s) where they intersect, which represent the solution(s). Example 1 solves the equations y = 5x + 2 and x + y = 5 graphically. Example 2 solves the equations y = x - 4 and y = x^2 - 4x + 2 graphically. The document also provides practice problems asking the reader to solve other pairs of simultaneous equations graphically.

Uploaded by

Elsa Xu
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Solving simultaneous equations

graphically
A LEVEL LINKS
Scheme of work: 1c. Equations – quadratic/linear simultaneous

Key points
 You can solve any pair of simultaneous equations by drawing the graph of both equations and
finding the point/points of intersection.

Examples
Example 1 Solve the simultaneous equations y = 5x + 2 and x + y = 5 graphically.

y=5–x 1 Rearrange the equation x + y = 5


to make y the subject.
y = 5 – x has gradient –1 and y-intercept 5. 2 Plot both graphs on the same grid
y = 5x + 2 has gradient 5 and y-intercept 2. using the gradients and
y-intercepts.

Lines intersect at 3 The solutions of the simultaneous


x = 0.5, y = 4.5 equations are the point of
intersection.
Check:
First equation y = 5x + 2: 4 Check your solutions by
4.5 = 5 × 0.5 + 2 YES substituting the values into both
Second equation x + y = 5: equations.
0.5 + 4.5 = 5 YES
Example 2 Solve the simultaneous equations y = x − 4 and y = x2 − 4x + 2 graphically.

1 Construct a table of values and


x 0 1 2 3 4 calculate the points for the quadratic
y 2 –1 –2 –1 2 equation.

2 Plot the graph.

3 Plot the linear graph on the same


grid using the gradient and
y-intercept.
y = x – 4 has gradient 1 and
y-intercept –4.

The line and curve intersect at 4 The solutions of the simultaneous


x = 3, y = −1 and x = 2, y = −2 equations are the points of
intersection.
Check:
First equation y = x − 4: 5 Check your solutions by substituting
−1 = 3 − 4 YES the values into both equations.
−2 = 2 − 4 YES
Second equation y = x2 − 4x + 2:
−1 = 32 − 4 × 3 + 2 YES
2
−2 = 2 − 4 × 2 + 2 YES

Practice
1 Solve these pairs of simultaneous equations graphically.
a y = 3x − 1 and y = x + 3
b y = x − 5 and y = 7 − 5x
c y = 3x + 4 and y = 2 − x

2 Solve these pairs of simultaneous equations graphically. Hint


a x + y = 0 and y = 2x + 6
Rearrange the
b 4x + 2y = 3 and y = 3x − 1 equation to make
c 2x + y + 4 = 0 and 2y = 3x − 1 y the subject.
3 Solve these pairs of simultaneous equations graphically.
a y = x − 1 and y = x2 − 4x + 3
b y = 1 − 3x and y = x2 − 3x − 3
c y = 3 − x and y = x2 + 2x + 5

4 Solve the simultaneous equations x + y = 1 and x2 + y2 = 25 graphically.

Extend
5 a Solve the simultaneous equations 2x + y = 3 and x2 + y = 4
i graphically
ii algebraically to 2 decimal places.
b Which method gives the more accurate solutions? Explain your answer.
Answers
1 a x = 2, y = 5
b x = 2, y = −3
c x = −0.5, y = 2.5

2 a x = −2, y = 2
b x = 0.5, y = 0.5
c x = −1, y = −2

3 a x = 1, y = 0 and x = 4, y = 3
b x = −2, y = 7 and x = 2, y = −5
c x = −2, y = 5 and x = −1, y = 4

4 x = −3, y = 4 and x = 4, y = −3

5 a i x = 2.5, y = −2 and x = −0.5, y = 4


ii x = 2.41, y = −1.83 and x = −0.41, y = 3.83
b Solving algebraically gives the more accurate solutions as the solutions from the graph are
only estimates, based on the accuracy of your graph.

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