Date:

Class: CSEC Maths – Vectors and Matrices

Title: Past Paper Questions on Vectors and Matrices from 2010 – 2021

January 2010 – Question 13(a) - Vectors

January 2010 – Question 13(b) - Vectors
January 2010 – Question 14 - Matrices
June 2010 – Question 11(a) - Matrices
June 2010 – Question 11(b) - Vectors
January 2011 – Question 11(a) - Matrices
January 2011 – Question 11(b) - Vectors
June 2011 – Question 11(a) and 11(b) - Matrices
June 2011 – Question 11(c) - Vectors
January 2012 – Question 11(b) - Vectors
January 2012 – Question 11(b) and 11(c) - Matrices
June 2012 – Question 11(a) - Vectors
June 2012 – Question 11(b) - Matrices
January 2013 – Question 11(a) - Vectors
January 2013 – Question 11(b), 11(c) and 11(d) - Matrices
June 2013 – Question 11(a) - Vectors

11. (a) In the diagram below, not drawn to scale, 𝑃𝑃 and 𝑄𝑄 are the midpoints of 𝑂𝑂𝑂𝑂 and 𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴

respectively.

�����⃗ = 2𝒂𝒂 and �����⃗

𝑂𝑂𝑂𝑂 𝑂𝑂𝑂𝑂 = 2𝒃𝒃

(i) Express in terms of 𝒂𝒂 and 𝒃𝒃 the vectors

(a) �����⃗
𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴 [2]

�����⃗
(b) 𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃 [2]

(ii) State TWO geometrical relationships that exist between 𝑂𝑂𝑂𝑂 and 𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃.

Give reasons for your answers. [2]

June 2013 – Question 11(b) - Matrices
2 1
(b) Given that 𝑀𝑀 = � �,
4 3

(i) Evaluate 𝑀𝑀−1 , the inverse of 𝑀𝑀. [2]

(ii) Show that 𝑀𝑀−1 𝑀𝑀 = 𝐼𝐼. [2]

(iii) Use a matrix methos to solve for 𝑟𝑟, 𝑠𝑠, 𝑡𝑡 and 𝑢𝑢 in the equation [5]

2 1 𝑟𝑟 𝑠𝑠 2 1
� �� �=� �
4 3 𝑡𝑡 𝑢𝑢 4 −1
January 2014 – Question 11(a) - Matrices

11. (a) The matrix, 𝑇𝑇, is such that

2 −1
𝑇𝑇 = � �.
1 3

(i) Determine, 𝑇𝑇 −1 , the inverse of 𝑇𝑇. [3]

(ii) The matrix 𝑇𝑇 maps the point (𝑎𝑎, 𝑏𝑏) onto the point (4,9). Determine the values of

𝑎𝑎 and 𝑏𝑏. [4]

January 2014 – Question 11(b) - Vectors

������⃗ and ������⃗

(b) 𝑂𝑂𝑂𝑂 𝑂𝑂𝑂𝑂 are position vectors with respect to the origin, 𝑂𝑂, such that

������⃗ = 𝒎𝒎 and 𝑂𝑂𝑂𝑂

𝑂𝑂𝑂𝑂 ������⃗ = 𝒏𝒏

𝐿𝐿 is a point on 𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀 such that 𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀 ∶ 𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿 = 2 ∶ 1.

(i) Draw a sketch of the triangle 𝑂𝑂𝑂𝑂𝑂𝑂 and label the points 𝑂𝑂, 𝑀𝑀, 𝑁𝑁 and 𝐿𝐿. [2]

(ii) Write in terms on 𝒎𝒎 and 𝒏𝒏 an expression for: [3]

(a) �������⃗
𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀

������⃗
(b) 𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀

3 9
(iii) If 𝒎𝒎 = � � and 𝒏𝒏 = � �,
6 0

determine the position vector of 𝐿𝐿. [3]

June 2014 – Question 11(a) and 11(b) - Matrices

11. (a) The matrix, 𝑀𝑀, is defined as

7 2
𝑀𝑀 = � �
𝑝𝑝 −1

Determine the value of 𝑝𝑝 for which the matrix 𝑀𝑀 does NOT have an inverse. [2]

(b) Express the equations

4𝑥𝑥 − 2𝑦𝑦 = 0

2𝑥𝑥 + 3𝑦𝑦 = 4

in the form 𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴 = 𝐵𝐵, where 𝐴𝐴, 𝑋𝑋 and 𝐵𝐵 are matrices. [2]
June 2014 – Question 11(c) - Vectors
January 2015 – Question 11(a) - Matrices
January 2015 – Question 11(b) - Vectors

�����⃗ and �����⃗

(b) The diagram below shows two position vectors 𝑂𝑂𝑂𝑂 𝑂𝑂𝑂𝑂 such that 𝑅𝑅(6,2) and 𝑆𝑆(−4,3).

𝑥𝑥
Write as a column vector in the form �𝑦𝑦�:

(i) �����⃗
𝑂𝑂𝑂𝑂 [1]

(ii) �����⃗
𝑂𝑂𝑂𝑂 [1]

(iii) �����⃗
𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆 [2]

(iv) �����⃗|.
Find |𝑂𝑂𝑂𝑂 [1]

2
(v) Given that 𝑂𝑂𝑂𝑂 = � �, prove that 𝑂𝑂𝑂𝑂𝑂𝑂𝑂𝑂 is a parallelogram. [4]
5
June 2015 – Question 11(a) - Matrices
1 1 1 2
11. (a) (i) Calculate the matrix product 𝑨𝑨𝑨𝑨 where 𝐴𝐴 = � � and 𝐵𝐵 = � �. [2]
2 3 0 1

(ii) Show that the matrix of 𝑨𝑨 and 𝑩𝑩 is NOT commutative, that is, 𝑨𝑨𝑨𝑨 ≠ 𝑩𝑩𝑩𝑩. [2]

(iii) Find 𝑨𝑨−𝟏𝟏 , the inverse of 𝑨𝑨. [2]

2𝑥𝑥 2
(iv) Given that 𝑴𝑴 = � �, calculate the value(s) of 𝑥𝑥 for which |𝑴𝑴| = 0. [2]
9 3
June 2015 – Question 11(b) - Vectors
−3 1 5
(b) The position vectors of the points 𝑅𝑅, 𝑆𝑆 and 𝑇𝑇, relative to an origin, 𝑂𝑂, are � �, � � and � �
4 1 −2

respectively.

�����⃗ |.
(i) Calculate the value of |𝑂𝑂𝑂𝑂 [1]

𝑥𝑥
�����⃗ and 𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆
(ii) Express in the form �𝑦𝑦�, the vectors 𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅 ����⃗. [2]

(iii) Using the results of combining the vectors in (b)(ii) on page 33, justify that 𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅 is parallel to

𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆 and that 𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅 is a straight line. [2]

January 2016 – Question 11(a) - Vectors

11. (a) The points 𝐴𝐴, 𝐵𝐵 and 𝐶𝐶 have coordinates 𝐴𝐴(−2,8), 𝐵𝐵(4,2) and 𝐶𝐶(0,9). 𝑀𝑀 is the midpoint of

the line segment 𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴.

𝑥𝑥
(i) Express EACH of the following in the form �𝑦𝑦�: [5]

• �����⃗ = ……………………………………………..
𝑂𝑂𝑂𝑂

• �����⃗ = ……………………………………………..
𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴

• ������⃗ = ……………………………………………..
𝑂𝑂𝑂𝑂

�����⃗ and �����⃗

(ii) Using a vector method, show that 𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴 𝑂𝑂𝑂𝑂 are parallel. [2]
January 2016 – Question 11(b) and 11(c) - Matrices
2𝑝𝑝 −3
(b) The matrix 𝑀𝑀 is defined as 𝑀𝑀 = � �.
4 1

Determine the value of 𝑝𝑝 for which the matrix 𝑀𝑀 is singular. [2]

1 2 5 −1
(c) 𝐴𝐴 and 𝐵𝐵 are two 2 × 2 matrices such that 𝐴𝐴 = � � and 𝐵𝐵 = � �.
−4 3 0 3

(i) Calculate 2𝐴𝐴 + 𝐵𝐵. [2]

(ii) Determine 𝐵𝐵−1 , the inverse of 𝐵𝐵. [2]

5 −1 𝑥𝑥 9
(iii) Given that � � �𝑦𝑦� = � �, calculate the values of 𝑥𝑥 and 𝑦𝑦. [2]
0 3 3
June 2016 – Question 11(a) - Vectors

11. (a) The position vectors of points 𝐴𝐴, 𝐵𝐵 and 𝐶𝐶, relative to the origin 𝑂𝑂, are

�����⃗ 2 �����⃗ 6 10
𝑂𝑂𝑂𝑂 = � �; 𝑂𝑂𝑂𝑂 = � � and �����⃗
𝑂𝑂𝑂𝑂 = � � respectively.
−2 1 4

𝑥𝑥
(i) Express in the form �𝑦𝑦� the vectors [3]

• �����⃗ =……………………………………………..
𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴

• �����⃗ =……………………………………………..
𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴

(ii) Hence, determine whether 𝐴𝐴, 𝐵𝐵 and 𝐶𝐶 are collinear, giving the reasons for your

answer. [3]
June 2016 – Question 11(b) and 11(c) - Matrices
3 𝑥𝑥
(b) Determine the value of 𝑥𝑥 for which the matrix � � is singular. [2]
2 4

4 1 1 5
(c) 𝑁𝑁 and 𝑃𝑃 are 2 × 2 matrices such that 𝑁𝑁 = � � and 𝑃𝑃 = � �.
3 2 2 1

(i) Determine 𝑁𝑁𝑁𝑁. [1]

19 11
(ii) Given that 𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃 = � �, determine whether matrix multiplication is commutative. [1]
11 4

(iii) Determine 𝑁𝑁 −1 , the inverse of 𝑁𝑁. [2]

4 1 𝑥𝑥 1
(iv) Hence, calculate the values of 𝑥𝑥 and 𝑦𝑦 for which � � � � = � �. [3]
3 2 𝑦𝑦 2
January 2017 – Question 11(a) - Matrices
𝑐𝑐 0
11. (a) The matrix 𝑇𝑇 = � � maps that point 𝑃𝑃(2, 3) onto the point 𝑄𝑄(2, −3).
0 𝑑𝑑

(i) Determine the values of 𝑐𝑐 and 𝑑𝑑. [2]

(ii) Determine the image of (−5,4) under the transformation 𝑇𝑇. [1]

(iii) Describe fully the transformation 𝑇𝑇. [2]

(iv) Find the matrix that maps the point 𝑄𝑄 back onto the point 𝑃𝑃. [2]
January 2017 – Question 11(b) - Vectors

(b) The graph below shows three points, 𝑃𝑃, 𝑄𝑄 and 𝑅𝑅, relative to the origin, 𝑂𝑂.

𝑥𝑥
(i) Write as a column vector in the form �𝑦𝑦�

• �����⃗
the vector 𝑂𝑂𝑂𝑂 [1]

• �����⃗
the vector 𝑄𝑄𝑄𝑄 [2]

(ii) �����⃗ .
Determine the magnitude of the vector 𝑄𝑄𝑄𝑄 [2]

7
(iii) On the graph provided on page 33, draw the vector �����⃗
𝑂𝑂𝑂𝑂 = � �. Show that 𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃 is a
4

parallelogram. [3]
June 2017 – Question 11(a) - Matrices

11. (a) Matrices 𝐴𝐴 and 𝐵𝐵 are such that

3 2 4 0
𝐴𝐴 = � � and 𝐵𝐵 = � �.
5 4 3 −1

(i) Show by multiplying 𝐴𝐴 and 𝐵𝐵, that 𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴 ≠ 𝐵𝐵𝐵𝐵. [2]

(ii) Find 𝐴𝐴−1 , the inverse of 𝐴𝐴. [2]

(iii) Write down that 2 × 2 matrix representing the matrix product 𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴−1 . [1]
June 2017 – Question 11(b) - Matrices

(b) (i) Write the following pair of simultaneous equations as a matrix equation. [1]

3𝑥𝑥 + 2𝑦𝑦 = 1

5𝑥𝑥 + 4𝑦𝑦 = 5

(ii) Write the solution of your matrix equation in (b) (i) as a product of two matrices. [2]
June 2017 – Question 11(c) - Vectors

(c) The position vectors of the points 𝑃𝑃 and 𝑄𝑄 relative to an origin, 𝑂𝑂, are

�����⃗ 4 ������⃗ = �5� respectively.

𝑂𝑂𝑂𝑂 = � � and 𝑂𝑂𝑂𝑂
3 0

The diagram below shows that 𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃 = 3 𝑂𝑂𝑂𝑂 and 𝑄𝑄𝑄𝑄 = 3 𝑂𝑂𝑂𝑂.

𝑥𝑥
(i) Express in the form �𝑦𝑦� , vector

• �����⃗
𝑂𝑂𝑂𝑂 [1]

• �����⃗
𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃 [2]

• �����⃗
𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅 [2]

(ii) State TWO geometrical relationships between 𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃 and 𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅. [2]
January 2018 – Question 11(a) - Vectors

11. (a) Given the vectors �����⃗

3 �����⃗
𝑂𝑂𝑂𝑂 = � �, 𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃
−1 �����⃗ = �1�,
= � � and 𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅
4 2 3

������⃗
(i) determine the vector 𝑂𝑂𝑂𝑂 [2]

������⃗ is parallel to 𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅

(ii) show that 𝑂𝑂𝑂𝑂 �����⃗, giving a reason for your answer. [1]
January 2018 – Question 11(b) - Vectors

(b) 𝑋𝑋𝑋𝑋𝑋𝑋 is a triangle and 𝑀𝑀 is the midpoint of 𝑋𝑋𝑋𝑋.

�����⃗
𝑋𝑋𝑋𝑋 = 𝒂𝒂 and �����⃗
𝑌𝑌𝑌𝑌 = 𝒃𝒃

Express the following vectors in terms of 𝒂𝒂 and 𝒃𝒃, simplifying your answers where possible:

(i) �����⃗
𝑋𝑋𝑋𝑋 [1]

(ii) ������⃗
𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀 [3]
January 2018 – Question 11(c) - Matrices
−3 2
−1 0
(c) The matrices 𝐴𝐴 and 𝐵𝐵 are given as 𝐴𝐴 = � � and 𝐵𝐵 = � 1 1�.
3 2
4 6

(i) Determine 𝐴𝐴−1 , the inverse of 𝐴𝐴. [2]

(ii) Show that 𝐴𝐴−1 𝐴𝐴 = 𝐼𝐼, the identity matrix. [2]

(iii) Determine the matrix 𝐴𝐴2 . [2]

(iv) (a) Explain why the matrix product 𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴 is NOT possible. [1]

(b) Without calculating, state the order of the matrix product 𝐵𝐵𝐵𝐵. [1]
June 2018 – Question 10(a) - Matrices

10. (a) A transformation, 𝑇𝑇, is defined by the matrix

2 −1
𝑇𝑇 = � �.
2 0

The point 𝐴𝐴(−2,3) is mapped on to the point 𝐴𝐴′ (𝑎𝑎, 𝑏𝑏) under 𝑇𝑇.

(i) Find the value of 𝑎𝑎 and of 𝑏𝑏. [2]

(ii) Determine the transformation matrix that maps 𝐴𝐴′ to 𝐴𝐴. [2]

0 1
(iii) Another transformation, 𝑃𝑃, is defined by the matrix 𝑃𝑃 = � �.
1 −2

(a) Find the single 2 × 2 matrix that represents the combined transformation of

𝑇𝑇 followed by 𝑃𝑃. [2]

(b) Hence, find the image of the point (1,4) under this combined

transformation. [1]
June 2018 – Question 10(b) - Vectors

(b) The diagram below, not drawn to scale, shows a quadrilateral 𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴 in which

�����⃗ �����⃗ = 3𝑚𝑚 and 𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴

𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴 = 𝑚𝑚, 𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷 �����⃗ = 𝑛𝑛.

(i) Complete the statement below on geometric properties of the following vectors.

�����⃗
𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴 and �����⃗
𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷 are ………………………………………………………… and

�����⃗| is ………………………………………………………….. times |𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶

|𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴 �����⃗ |. [2]

(ii) �����⃗ in terms of 𝑚𝑚 and 𝑛𝑛.

Express 𝐵𝐵𝐵𝐵 [1]

(iii) 𝐿𝐿 is the midpoint of �����⃗

𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶 . Find �����⃗
𝐵𝐵𝐵𝐵 terms of 𝑚𝑚 and 𝑛𝑛. [2]
January 2019 – Question 10(a) - Matrices

10. (a) Three matrices are given as follows:

−1 2 𝑎𝑎 11
𝑃𝑃 = � �, 𝑄𝑄 = � � and 𝑅𝑅 = � �.
0 5 𝑏𝑏 15

(i) Using a calculation to support your answer, explain whether matrix 𝑃𝑃 is a singular or

a non-singular matrix. [2]

(ii) Given that 𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃 = 𝑅𝑅, determine the values of 𝑎𝑎 and 𝑏𝑏. [3]

(iii) State the reason why the matrix product 𝑄𝑄𝑄𝑄 is not possible. [1]
January 2019 – Question 10(b) - Vectors

(b) 𝑂𝑂𝑂𝑂𝑂𝑂𝑂𝑂 is a parallelogram. 𝑋𝑋 is the midpoint of 𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴 and 𝑌𝑌 is the midpoint of 𝐵𝐵𝐵𝐵.

�����⃗
𝑂𝑂𝑂𝑂 = 𝒓𝒓 and �����⃗
𝑂𝑂𝑂𝑂 = 𝒔𝒔.

(i) Complete the diagram below to represent ALL the information given above. [3]

(ii) �����⃗ + 𝑂𝑂𝑂𝑂

Given that 𝑂𝑂𝑂𝑂 �����⃗ = 𝑘𝑘(𝒓𝒓 + 𝒔𝒔), where 𝑘𝑘 is a constant, using a vector method, find

the value of 𝑘𝑘. [3]

June 2019 – Question 10(a) - Matrices

10. (a) (i) (a) Find the matrix product

−1 3 𝑘𝑘
� �� � [2]
4 ℎ 5

(b) Hence, find the values of ℎ and 𝑘𝑘 that satisfy the matrix equation

−1 3 𝑘𝑘 0
� �� � = � � [2]
4 ℎ 5 0

(ii) Using a matrix method, solve the simultaneous equations

2𝑥𝑥 + 3𝑦𝑦 = 5

−5𝑥𝑥 + 𝑦𝑦 = 13 [3]
June 2019 – Question 10(b) - Vectors
9
(b) Relative to the origin 𝑂𝑂(0,0), the position vectors of the points 𝐴𝐴 and 𝐵𝐵 are 𝑂𝑂𝑂𝑂 = � � and
0

3
𝑂𝑂𝑂𝑂 = � � respectively. The points 𝐷𝐷 and 𝐸𝐸 are on 𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴 and 𝑂𝑂𝑂𝑂 respectively and are such that
6
1 1
𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴 = 𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴 and 𝑂𝑂𝑂𝑂 = 𝑂𝑂𝑂𝑂. The following diagram illustrates this information.
3 3

𝑩𝑩(𝟑𝟑, 𝟔𝟔)

𝑫𝑫
v

𝑶𝑶(𝟎𝟎, 𝟎𝟎) 𝑬𝑬 𝑨𝑨(𝟗𝟗, 𝟎𝟎)

𝑎𝑎
Express the following vectors in the form � �.
𝑏𝑏

(i) �����⃗
𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴 [1]

(ii) ������⃗
𝑂𝑂𝑂𝑂 [2]

(iii) �����⃗
𝐵𝐵𝐵𝐵 [2]
January 2020 – Question 10(a) - Matrices
0 𝑝𝑝
10. (a) The transformation 𝑀𝑀 = � � maps the point 𝑅𝑅 onto 𝑅𝑅′ as shown in the diagram
𝑞𝑞 0

below.

(i) Determine the values of 𝑝𝑝 and 𝑞𝑞. [2]

(ii) Describe fully the transformation, 𝑀𝑀. [3]

January 2020 – Question 10(b) - Vectors

(b) 𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃 is a parallelogram in which �����⃗

𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃 = 𝑢𝑢 and ����⃗
𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃 = 𝑣𝑣.

𝑀𝑀 is a point on 𝑄𝑄𝑄𝑄 such that 𝑄𝑄𝑄𝑄: 𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀 = 1 ∶ 2.

(i) Write in terms of 𝒖𝒖 and 𝒗𝒗 an expression for

(a) �����⃗
𝑄𝑄𝑄𝑄 [1]

������⃗
(b) 𝑄𝑄𝑄𝑄 [1]

1
(ii) ������⃗ = (𝒖𝒖 + 2𝒗𝒗).
Show that 𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀 [2]
3

(iii) 𝑇𝑇 is the mid-point of 𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃. Prove that 𝑅𝑅, 𝑀𝑀 and 𝑇𝑇 are collinear. [3]
January 2021 – Question 10(a) and 10(b) - Matrices

3 6
10. (a) Given the matrix 𝑊𝑊 = � �, determine
−2 5

0 0
(i) the 2 × 2 matrix, 𝐿𝐿, such that 𝑊𝑊 + 𝐿𝐿 = � � [1]
0 0

1 0
(ii) the 2 × 2 matrix, 𝑃𝑃, such that 𝑊𝑊𝑊𝑊 = � � [2]
0 1

(b) A right-angled triangle, 𝑀𝑀, has vertices 𝑋𝑋(1, 1), 𝑌𝑌(3, 1) and 𝑍𝑍(3, 4). When 𝑀𝑀 is

0 1
transformed by the matrix 𝑁𝑁 = � �, the image is 𝑀𝑀′.
1 0

Find the coordinates of the vertices of 𝑀𝑀′. [2]

January 2021 – Question 10(c) - Vectors

(c) The diagram below shows triangle 𝑂𝑂𝑂𝑂𝑂𝑂 in which �����⃗

𝑂𝑂𝑂𝑂 = 3𝑢𝑢 and ������⃗
𝑂𝑂𝑂𝑂 = 𝑣𝑣. 𝑄𝑄 is the
2
midpoint of 𝑂𝑂𝑂𝑂 and 𝑀𝑀 is the midpoint of 𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃. 𝐿𝐿 is a point on 𝑂𝑂𝑂𝑂 such that 𝑂𝑂𝑂𝑂 = 𝑂𝑂𝑂𝑂.
3

𝑷𝑷

𝒖𝒖

𝑳𝑳

𝑴𝑴

𝟐𝟐𝟐𝟐

𝑶𝑶 𝑸𝑸 𝑹𝑹
𝒗𝒗

(i) Write in terms of 𝑢𝑢 and 𝑣𝑣, an expression for

������⃗
(a) 𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿 [2]

(b) �����⃗
𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃 [1]

(ii) Prove that the points 𝐿𝐿, 𝑀𝑀 and 𝑅𝑅 are collinear. [4]