Nursing Process in the Care of Population topic, issue or opportunity.
Most
commonly, there is a set of short
Groups and Community
presentations at the beginning of the
A. Community Health Assessment Tools forum describing the situation or topic to
NURSING PROCESS be discussed or outlining several
- A systematic way of determining a client health options, viewpoints or approaches to be
status, isolating health concern and problems, considered. A community forum is an
developing the plans to remediate them, initiating excellent way to assess the viewpoints
actions to implement the plan, and finally or opinions of citizens about the topic
evaluating the adequacy of the plan in promoting under discussion.
wellness and problem resolution. SECONDARY DATA
- are simply information collected by someone else
COMMUNITY HEALTH NURSING PROCESS that may be useful for community assessment.
- refers to systematic series of steps which are - There is a tremendous amount of existing
followed by public health nurse in community information that are indirect sources.
health and nursing problems using community o REGISTRY OF VITAL EVENTS Records
approaches and resources. of life events kept under governmental
authority, including birth certificates,
Community Health Assessment Tools marriage licenses (or marriage
PRIMARY DATA certificates), and death certificates. In
- is data that is collected by a researcher from first- some jurisdictions, vital records may also
hand sources, & subjective and objective data include records of civil unions or
collected from a client or person. The client is the domestic partnership.
primary source of data. o HEALTH RECORDS AND REPORTS
o Surveys are an ideal form of primary Used somewhat interchangeably to
research if you want to target a large describe the systematic documentation
group of people. If you need significant of a single patient's medical history and
data and want to poll a sizable group, care across time within one particular
then this is an ideal option. Now, keep in health care provider's jurisdiction.
mind that surveys can provide only Record and report are mutually
certain types of information. Surveys interdependent. Report can be prepared
doesn’t give your participants much time on the basis of records. Similarly, report
to elaborate. can be presented as record.
o Observation method that employs vision o DISEASES REGISTRIES CENSUS
as its main means of data collection. It DATA Collections of secondary data
implies the use of eyes rather than of related to patients with a specific
ears and the voice. Observation is diagnosis, condition, or procedure. The
watching behavior of other persons as it purpose of this documents is to serve as
actually happens without controlling it. a guide for the design and use of patient
o Informant Interview If you’re looking for registries for scientific, clinical, and
in-depth information from a lesser health policy purposes
number of people, then Informant
Interviews are a better option than a Principles of Data Presentation
survey in terms of primary research. To arrange the data in such a way that it should
Interviews can be conducted in a one- create interest in the reader’s mind at the first
on-one format, or they can be done in sight.
small focus groups who are involved with To present the information in a compact and
or have knowledge of particular concise form without losing important details.
situations. To present the data in a simple form so as to
o Community Forum is, quite simply, a draw the conclusion directly by viewing at the
public meeting held to discuss a certain data.
To present it in such away that it can help in - Involves researchers and participants working
further statistical analysis. together to examine a problematic situation or
action to change it for the better
- It is an ongoing organizational learning process,
PRESENTATION OF DATA a research approach that emphasizes co-
TABULAR learning, participation and organizational
- It is a systematic and logical arrangement of data transformation.
in the form of Rows and Columns with respect to
the characteristics of data. It is an orderly Schemes in Stating Community Diagnosis
arrangement which is compact and self- (Famorca,2013)
explanatory. - It provides structures, terms & system of cues &
GRAPHICAL clues for a standardized assessment of
- The data is represented by symbols, such as individuals, families and communities.
bars in a bar chart, lines in a line chart, or slices - It helps practitioners collect, sort, document,
in a pie chart". A chart can represent tabular class ify, analyze, retrieve and communicate
numeric data, functions or some kinds of quality health- related needs and strengths.
structure and provides different info.
1.NANDA
B. Community Diagnosis ➔ Now known as NANDA International (NANDA-I)
➔ Formerly North American Nursing Diagnosis
According to WHO it is a qualitative and
Association- the principal organization for defining,
quantitative description of the health of citizens
distribution, and integration of standardized
and the factors which influence their health. It
diagnoses worldwide.
identifies problems, proposes areas for
➔ Recent versions include nursing diagnostic labels
improvement and stimulates actions.
for community labels.
It is a comprehensive assessment of health
➔ Such as the 11th edition, it contains
status of the community in relation to its social,
standardization of diagnostic indicator terms i.e
physical and biological environment.
defining characteristics,related factors,risk
It should be the first stage in planning health factors,associated conditions and at risk populations.
programs for the betterment and improvement of
any community. 2. Shuster and Goepingger Proposed Format
➔ In 2004,Shuster and Goepingger proposed a
USE OF COMMUNITY DIAGNOSIS: format containing three-part statement consisted of:
Identify trends in illness, injury, And death *Health risk or specific problem
and the factors which May cause these * Specific aggregates or community
events. *Related factors-influence how the community
Identify available resources and their will respond to the health risk or problem
application
Identify at risk population assess nutritional OMAHA SYSTEM
trends/needs - Is a research-based, comprehensive,
standardized taxonomy or classification that
TYPES OF COMMUNITY DIAGNOSIS exists in the public domain. It is designed to
A. Comprehensive Community Diagnosis enhance practice, documentation, and
- Aims to obtain general information about the information management. It is intended for use
community across the continuum of care for individuals,
families, and communities who represent all
B. Problem Oriented Community Diagnosis ages, geographic locations, medical diagnoses,
- Responds to a particular need E.g. polio socio-economic ranges, spiritual beliefs,
eradication ethnicity, and cultural values.
- The Omaha System can be divided into 3
PARTICIPATORY ACTION RESEARCH components to describe care
1. Problem Classification Scheme (client 3.Problem Rating Scale for Outcomes (client
assessment) Domains and Problems of the change/evaluation)
Problem Classification Scheme -Ratings are done at admission, discharge, and
at defined intervals in between (as dictated by agency
practices) to evaluate client progress and outcomes.
Knowledge
Behavior
Status of the client
-based on a 5 point Likert scale
IMPLEMENTING COMMUNITY HEALTH
INTERVENTIONS/ACTION PLAN
Entire process is directed to enhanced
community’s capabilities in dealing with health
problems.
Requires common understanding of set goal &
objective.
Entails coordination of intervention with
community & health teams as well with other
2. The Intervention Scheme (care plans and services) sectors.
-allows you to describe the care you provide for Evaluation Based on Donabedian’s Quality of
your clients to address problems, whether that is on an Care.
individual or family basis or in the community as a whole.
-composed of 75 ‘targets’ of care that can be
used for any problem and under any of four intervention
categories:
Surveillance
Treatments and Procedures
Teaching, Guidance and Counselling
Case Management
