MS DOS Commands List with Examples
and Syntax
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10 Sumanta Roy Monday, 1 August 2016
Microsoft Disk Operating System is full form of MS DOS. It is system software. MS-DOS
is a single user operating system. MS-DOS supports CUI (Character User Interface).
Here we are going to discuss the MS-DOS commands. MS-DOS is machine language
that links between application software and hardware and control all activities. The
activities are-
NS DOS control by the commands.
MS-DOS is a single user single task operating system.
MS-DOS have some utility and necessary to use.
Only Keyboard used in MS-DOS.
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MS-DOS support CUI.
Types of Files in MS-DOS Commands :
Two types of MS-DOS les-
1. System File: These les are controlled to Booting of MS-DOS. Normally three types
of les are maintained in DOS. These are- IO.SYS, MSDOS.SYS & COMMAND.COM.
The main le of DOS is COMMAND.COM.
2. Start-up File: The Booting time the Start-up File commands are normally run.
MS-DOS COMMANDS:
MS-DOS commands are used to do the function of le and disk activities. There are two
types of MS-DOS commands.
1. Internal Command: Internal Command is worked by Command.Com le. The
features of Internal Command is-
The working speed of this command is very fast.
This command is used much time.
Do not erase Internal Command.
The length of Internal Command is very short.
The example of Internal Command is: –
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DATE, TIME, VOL, VER, CLS,COPY CON, DIR, MD, DEL, REN, TYPE, PROMPT, PAUSE
etc.
2. External Command: Some commands are used in external part that is known as
External Command. The features of External Command is-
The length of External Command is very long.
Erased this commands.
Working speed is very slow.
The example of External Command is: –
ATTRIB, SORT, EDIT, TREE, MOVE, DISKCOPY, FIND, XCOPY, MORE, LABLE, FORMATE
etc.
How to Start MS-DOS?
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How to Change Drive?
Internal Commands of MS-DOS
DATE– It is an Internal Command. By this Command we can see and modify
the current date on the computer system.
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TIME – It is an Internal Command. By this we can see and display the current
time on the computer system.
VOL (Volume) – It is an Internal Command. By this command, we can see the
Volume number of system software.
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VER (Version) – It is an Internal Command. By this command, we can see the
version number of system software.
CLS – It is an Internal Command. This command is used to clear the screen.
COPY CON: – It is an Internal Command. By this command we can create a
new le.
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DIR: – It is an Internal Command. By this command we can display the les
and directories name list.
DIR/P: – It is an Internal Command. By this command we can display page
wise les name.
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DIR/W: – It is an Internal Command. By this command we can display width
wise all les and directories name list without time, size etc.
DIR/B: – It is an Internal Command. By this command we can display only
primary name list of les and directories.
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DIR/L: – It is an Internal Command. By this command we can display the le
and directories name with lower case.
DIR/S: – It is an Internal Command. By this command we can display
directories name with sub directories and les.
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DIR/AH: – It is an Internal Command. By this command we can display the
hidden le from the drive.
DIR A*.* :- It is an Internal Command. By this command we can display all le
names begging the ‘A’ letter.
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DIR *.TXT: – It is an Internal Command. By this command, we can display
les name with ‘.txt’ extension name.
DIR ?A*.* :- It is an Internal Command. By this command we can display the
le name in the second letter is ‘A’.
DIR *.SYS :- It is an Internal Command. By this command we can see the les
name with .sys extension name.
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Note:- ‘*’ (Asterisks) and ‘?’, these symbols are known as Wildcard Character. ‘.’ The
symbol is different two names. Like as Primary and Extension name.
TYPE: – It is an Internal Command. By this command we can see the le
content. (Which le do you want to see just Input the le name)
REN (Rename): – It is an Internal Command. This command is used to
change the le name.
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DEL (Delete): – It is an Internal Command. This command is used to delete
any old le.
MD (Make Directory): – It is an Internal Command. By this command we can
create a new directory.
CD: – It is an Internal Command. This command is used to enter any old
directory to main path.
CD.. :- It is an Internal Command. This command is used to exit last directory
from main path.
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CD\ :- It is an Internal Command. This command is used to exit all directories
from main path and come back to main drive as prompt.
RD (Remove Directory) :- It is an Internal Command. This command is used to
delete any old directory.
Note:- All the above DOS commands are used in any drive. Like as- C:, E:, D: etc.
MS DOS External Commands
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EDIT: - It is an External Command. By this command we can edit/ modify the
le content.
ATTRIB: - It is an External Command. This command is used to hide and
unhide any hidden le.
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TREE: - It is an External Command. By this command we can display the
directories name with structure.
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COPY: - It is an External Command. This command is used to copy le from
any directory to another directory or drive.
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E.g. How to copy Washington.txt le to Africa directory?
XCOPY:- It is an External Command. By this command we can copy any le
from any directory to another directory drive or directory much faster than
copy command.
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MORE:- It is an External Command. By this command we can display the le
content up to 25 lines at a time then continue. (pause after 25 lines)
FC (File Compare): - It is an External Command. By this command we can
display the different between two le.
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CHKDSK: - It is an External Command. By this command we can check the
status of disk.
LABEL: - It is an External Command. By this command we can display and
delete the current label.
MOVE: - It is an External Command. This command is used to move any le
to any drive.
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SORT: - It is an External Command. This command is used to sort the le.
BATCH FILE: - It is an External Command. This command is used to display
automation the DOS command. The extension name of Batch le is ‘.bat’.
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