INFORMATION

MANUAL
 CONTENTS
Warranty/Guarantee 2

BACKGROUND INFORMATION
About Us 3
Environmental Trends 4
Benefits of Hydrocarbons 6
The Market 8
Export 10
Distribution 10
Support 11

TECHNICAL INFORMATION - HyChill Minus 30

Customer Satisfaction 12
Product Details 13
Air Conditioning Service and Diagnosis 14
How a System should Operate 15
Evacuation and Charging 16
Diagnostic Tips 18
Why do Compressors Fail? 19
Gauge and System Diagnosis 20
Product Comparison Chart 26
Pressure Temperature Chart 27
Material Safety Data Sheet 28
Pressure Enthalpy Chart 30

180713
 WARRANTY ~ GUARANTEE

Congratulations for selecting HyChill Hydrocarbon Refrigerant –

ABOUT US

a high performance refrigerant that is climate friendly.

The Consumer benefits from certain warranties and conditions implied by

Federal and State legislation. By law these benefits cannot be withheld.
This warranty offers the following benefits to consumers in addition to, and
without restricting in any way, the benefits conferred by law. This warranty
shall be read in conjunction with consumer rights at law

This warranty is for a period of twelve months from date of installation of

the HyChill Refrigerant and is limited to replacement of the refrigerant or
reimbursement of the purchase price, at HyChill’s discretion.

Consequential losses are expressly excluded.

Where the customer believes there is a fault with the refrigerant, the remainder
of the refrigerant in the supplied container must be returned to HyChill in
order for the customer to be eligible for replacement or reimbursement.
Freight and insurance for the return of the refrigerant and container is at
the customers expense. If HyChill elects to replace the product, freight and
insurance of the replacement will be borne by HyChill..

Fitness for purpose of the supplied refrigerant is ultimately the responsibility

of the installer, as they are the only person(s) able to assess the specific
application in sufficient detail.

Warranty registration card

Equipment: __________________________________________________
Serial No. ____________________________________________________
Customer Name: _____________________________________________
Date of Installation: ___________________________________________
Place of Installation: ___________________________________________

HyChill Refrigerants
85A Canterbury Road, Kilsyth Vic 3137 Australia
Telephone: +61 (3) 9761 8788 Facsimile: +61 (3) 9761 8799
Email: [email protected]
Web: www.hychill.com

Please photocopy completed form and fax to HyChill Australia Pty Ltd on +61-3-9761 8799 4
 ABOUT US
ABOUT US

BACKGROUND INFORMATION
From humble beginnings in 1995 when Colin Spencer and John Clark
pooled resources and “know how” to produce the first few hundred
cylinders of Australian made HC refrigerant, they have lead the way
in the development and promotion of hydrocarbon refrigerants,
culminating in the introduction of the HyChill brand in 1999.

HyChill delivers quality products through unique, state-of-the-art

manufacturing techniques and quality control procedures, setting
a benchmark for industry standards. With worldwide distribution
capabilities and a developing international network, HyChill provides a
comprehensive service that has given rise to their current position as
market leader. HyChill has achieved an annualised growth averaging
over 30% since commencing operations and is now the market leader
in Hydrocarbon Refrigerants in Australia.

5
 ENVIRONMENTAL TRENDS
ENVIRONMENTAL TRENDS

In what is an industry first, the range of hydrocarbon refrigerants produced by HyChill Australia has been assessed and
accepted as compliant with the requirements of the "Good Environmental Choice" Label.

“The hydrocarbon product range by HyChill deserves market recognition and support for the significant environmental
opportunity that this product range promises in comparison to current refrigerants” said Petar Johnson, Chairman of
Good Environmental Choice Australia. "We are pleased to offer independent assurance to the market as to the high
quality, environmental preferability and market usability of the hydrocarbon product line."

HyChill's range of hydrocarbon refrigerants meets the high environmental expectations of Australians. The product
range offers products that have been formulated with environmental and human health considerations in mind and are
suitable for commercial and domestic uses in Australia.
The primary environmental impacts of HyChill Hydrocarbon refrigerant products assessed as part of the Good
Environmental Choice program include:
Fitness for Purpose
Ozone Depleting Potential
Global Warming Potential, and
Packaging Stewardship
BACKGROUND INFORMATION

6
 ENVIRONMENTAL TRENDS
The Good Environmental Choice Aim ultimately to improve the quality of
Label is the national product life cycle the environment and to encourage the
independent environmental declaration sustainable management of resources.
in Australia (http://www.geca.org.au).
The organisation is an independent Following an independent audit
non-profit environmental research and against the recognition requirements
certification organisation recognised as of the Australian Ecolabel Program, the
the Australian member of an international following HyChill products have been
network of ecolabelling schemes under awarded the "Good Environmental
the Global Ecolabelling Network. The Choice" label for the Australian
Australian Environmental Labelling market. This Ecolabel is awarded to
Association Inc. (AELA) manages the those products that meet or exceed
Good Environmental Choice – Mark voluntary standards of environmental
of Conformity in conformance to ISO performance. The verification procedure
14 024 – International Standard for is managed via a Documented Quality
Third Party Environmental Labelling and Management System and Certification
Declaration. Program Manual which have made
significant use of the ISO 14 000
The objectives of The Good series.
Environmental Choice Labeling program HyChill’s entire line of Hydrocarbon
are to: Refrigerants have qualified for the
Provide a clear, credible and independent endorsement:

BACKGROUND INFORMATION
guide to consumers wishing to take HyChill Minus 30 (HR12)
account of environmental factors in Minus 30 is a blend of R600a and R290,
their purchasing decisions; two naturally occurring hydrocarbon
Encourage consumers to purchase refrigerant gases and is perfect for use
products which have lower in automotive air-conditioning systems
environmental impacts; and in refrigeration applications. It
Recognise genuine moves by companies replaces the Ozone Depleting R12 and
to reduce the adverse environmental high Global Warming R134a.
impacts of their products;

The Good News

In March 2006 the HyChill range of
Hydrocarbon Refrigerants were awarded the
Good Environmental Choice endorsement as
"environmentally preferrable" refrigerants.
HyChill refrigerants are Australian made

7
THE BENEFITS OF HC REFRIGERANTS
BACKGROUND INFORMATION

THE BENEFITS OF HC REFRIGERANTS

HyChill’s hydrocarbons deliver a huge array of benefits to the environment and to
the consumer. Created by nature, not by a chemical company, hydrocarbons
cannot be patented, keeping them affordable and available to everyone. They
have an atmospheric life of less than one year with no effect on the ozone layer
and virtually no contribution to global warming. Many important qualities found in
HyChill product’s make them an extremely efficient and reliable choice for most air
conditioning and refrigeration systems.

8
 THE BENEFITS OF HC REFRIGERANTS
Use of existing charging equipment: • Granherne P/L - Risk Assessment
The equipment currently used for existing Study Engineers
refrigerants requires no modification or change • Maclaine-cross, I. L., Usage and Risk
for charging hydrocarbon refrigerants. of Hydrocarbon Refrigerants in Motor
Cars for Australia and the United States,
Since no retrofitting is required, HyChill June 2004, International Journal of
refrigerants are the perfect "drop in" solution Refrigeration, Volume 27, No. 4, pages
for systems, which previously used gases 339-345
such as CFC R12, HFC R134a, HCFC
R22, R502, R11 and others. Conclusions of these organisations support
the continued growth in the use and
Less Energy Use acceptance of hydrocarbon refrigerants.
Hydrocarbon refrigerants in refrigeration
or car air-conditioning systems use less Scientific papers published by various
energy than fluorocarbon refrigerants. organisations in Australia and overseas,
repeatedly attest to the efficiency and
This provides a number of benefits: safety of hydrocarbon refrigerants across a
• Operating costs are lower. wide range of applications.
• Compressor loads are reduced, which
reduces wear and tear, extending Great Heat Conductors
component life and reducing leakage. Hydrocarbons are also 50% more efficient
• Less energy consumed means less conductors of heat than fluorocarbons.
fossil fuel burned resulting in lower
global warming. In practical terms this means that the

BACKGROUND INFORMATION
hydrocarbon molecule rejects heat faster
Increased Safety than a fluorocarbon molecule.
Most importantly, the safety of hydrocarbon
refrigerants is assured when the application For example, a Coca Cola or Pepsi
complies with relevant safety standards, drink cabinet which uses HyChill
such as International Standards ISO 5149, Minus 30 hydrocarbon refrigerant
BS 4434-1995, and Australia/New Zealand instead of HFC R134a, chills
Standard AS/NZS 1677-1998. the cans to the desired temperature
approximately 15% to 30% faster. In the
Research summer time with higher volume store
Hydrocarbon refrigerants have been traffic, this is a definate advantage for the
the subject of detailed studies by many store owner, as well as for the manufacturer
organisations including: of the products being sold.

• Minus 40 Refrigeration Consultants & Use Less Gas

Design Engineers HyChill hydrocarbon refrigerants have
• INFRAS - Chennai, Pondicherri, India a unique advantage, each kilogram of
• Swiss Contact S.M.E.P. - Indonesia, hydrocarbon refrigerant replaces 3
India, Sri Lanka kilograms of fluorocarbon refrigerant, so
• Natural Refrigerants Transition Board you only require a third of the refrigerant
• Arthur D Little - Risk Assessment by weight.
Study Engineers

9
 THE MARKET

Not only are HyChill’s products more efficient and cost effective, but they also
perform even better than the current market place alternatives. HCFC’s and HFC’s
THE MARKET

were developed to replace CFC’s, but still contain blends of gases with a high Global
Warming Potential. In general, they have been found to be poor substitutes under
extreme conditions.

Originally, chemical companies developed HFC refrigerants as replacements for

CFC's in an attempt to address the protection of the ozone layer. However, the high
contribution of HFC’s to global warming, coupled with unacceptable emissions of
greenhouse gases released during manufacture, have made it imperative to phase
them out as soon as possible.
BACKGROUND INFORMATION

10
 In general, HFC refrigerants were advanced very quickly in the face of a
found to be a poor substitute for CFC great deal of obstruction by fluorocarbon

THE MARKET
refrigerants, as extensive modifications refrigerant manufacturers and distributors.
to, or replacement of, existing systems
were necessary to facilitate their use. This In August 1992, the German mail order
costly exercise was called retrofitting. company "Neckermann" placed an initial
Furthermore, HFC's were found to be poor order with Foron for 20,000 Greenfreeze
performers under extreme conditions. refrigerators. Within three months, the
quantity on order exceeded 50,000 units.
As these original HFC gases were found
to be unsuitable in many refrigeration By the end of 1993, after enthusiastic
applications, it then became necessary acceptance of Foron "Greenfreeze
to create a large number of HFC/HCFC Technology" at Europe’s most important
combinations and other blends. homewares exhibition, most of Germany's
major refrigerator manufacturers announced
The importance of hydrocarbon refrigerants that their production lines would adopt
had been extolled by Greenpeace under the hydrocarbon technology as a matter
name "Greenfreeze Technology" for more of urgency.
than twenty years. As each application

BACKGROUND INFORMATION
for alternative refrigerants was properly By 1996, almost 100% of refrigerators
studied, it was found that a hydrocarbon made for the German market were designed
refrigerant was available as the perfect to utilise "Greenfreeze Technology".
alternative. Often, no changes to system
design were required. It’s no surprise therefore that an increasing
number of refrigeration systems are
As a result, in 1991, Foron, a minor being charged with HyChill hydrocarbon
German manufacturer of refrigerators, refrigerants. The combination of first class
was sponsored by Greenpeace to develop products and environmental responsibility
a small refrigerator, which utilized the best has propelled HyChill to grow in demand
possible solutions for foam expansion and - from distributors and suppliers, to
in the refrigeration system. This project technicians and consumers.

11
 EXPORT
EXPORT / DISTRIBUTION

Utilizing a strong network of distributors, HyChill trades with countries from every
corner of the globe and can supply in cylinders or bulk containers.

Implementing advanced technologies with quality and attention to detail that

enables HyChill to present its service to the rest of the world. HyChill will deliver its
products to any destination, in an effort to bring to the world the very best in high
quality, advanced hydrocarbon refrigerants which help to save our environment and
reduce energy consumption.

DISTRIBUTION
HyChill’s unique production process, combined with an accomplished distribution
network enable HyChill to maintain a leading position for supplying hydrocarbon
refrigerants. The customised process allows high volume production of quality
product, and every batch is tested to stringent standards. All orders are
processed and packed in-house for distribution using efficient distribution systems.
No matter where you are located, HyChill can supply top quality natural
refrigerants.
BACKGROUND INFORMATION

EUROPE

USA

TEXAS CHINA
MIDDLE EAST GCC
FLORIDA
TAIWAN

INDIA THAILAND

MALAYSIA
SINGAPORE

12
 SUPPORT

SUPPORT
What makes HyChill unique, apart from its range of products, is the standard of after-
care support - that famous HyChill service. It’s all about customer satisfaction!

Friendly staff and experienced representatives are on hand for advice and always
ready to assist. Comprehensive information is readily available for both the trade and
consumers. These include:
• Product information brochures and leaflets.
• Information Manual covering all technical requirements.
• Interactive CD Roms
• A comprehensive website covering everything from products, to environmental
trends, research and technical data. Check out www.hychill.com.au

You can rely on HyChill to set new industry standards in total customer
satisfaction.

BACKGROUND INFORMATION
JAPAN

PHILIPPINES

INDONESIA

13
 It’s all about ‘Customer Satisfaction’

When you service your customers’ air conditioner with highly efficient
Minus 30 hydrocarbon refrigerant from HyChill, you are enhancing the most
important component of your business: ‘Customer Satisfaction.’

Minus 30 refrigerant is a highly efficient heat transfer medium; it uses about 30%
less energy to produce a faster result. On really hot days, Minus 30 will put a
smile on your customers’ face. Contented customers guarantee the growth of
your business.

We supply product at an attractive price - it’s easy to see that Minus 30 is the
lowest cost alternative to HFC refrigerants when you are only required to use 1/3
of R134a’s charge weight, or about 85% by volume.

Each standard 22 litre cylinder will hold 9kgs of Minus 30 as opposed to 20kgs for
R134a, this means you are only paying for 9kgs of refrigerant and not 20kgs.
Furthermore, each 9kgs of Minus 30 will charge 30 or more systems whereas
20kgs of R134a will only charge about 25 systems.

You can use your normal equipment; Minus 30 is suitable for all systems. It
doesn’t matter whether it is an old R12 system, or a new R134a system, Minus 30
is compatible with all oils, O Rings, Seals and Gaskets. We highly recommend the
use of modern service equipment, scales and diagnostic tools, they save time and
money, and, they help to build your customers’ confidence. We also recommend
HyChill SRO 500 Synthetic Refrigerant oil, in systems and in your vacuum pump.
It is non hygroscopic and is compatible with all refrigerants.

Old systems need to be serviced with a complete understanding that a "gas-up"

will not fix faults! Your diagnostic skills are so essential. If you have a system, which
just won’t work, call us, if we don’t know the answer we will research it for you,
quickly! If you are unfamiliar with hydrocarbon refrigerants, we would appreciate you
ringing for advice. Meanwhile, a free information manual is available, please
indicate on your order if you require copies, or just phone us
and we will mail one to you. A refrigerant charge weights list
is avaiable for most systems.

Your goal is the same as ours, and the desired

outcome is identical:

‘Customer Satisfaction’
HyChill Refrigerants, the Natural Alternative

14
 Minus 30 - PRODUCT DETAILS

TECHNICAL INFORMATION
High Efficiency Medium Temperature Hydrocarbon Refrigerant

• Available in 4.5kg, 9kg cylinders and 300g cans

• Applications: - Vehicle Air Conditioning
- Refrigerated Containers and Transports
- Domestic Refrigerators and Freezers
- Drink Dispensers
- Supermarket Cool Units and Displays
- Domestic Air Conditioning Systems

Minus 30 is a blend of R600a and R290; two naturally occurring hydrocarbon

refrigerant gases and is perfect for use in automotive air-conditioning systems and
in refrigeration applications.
Additional Information
Minus 30 is derived from a uniquely pure
Product Composition
natural gas source, and manufactured
• High Purity Hydrocarbon Refrigerant
to the strictest quality controls. • Precision Propane/Isobutane blend
• Cylinder has a liquid withdrawal valve
(upright position labelled)
Minus 30 is efficient and safe to use,
• 9 kg cylinder will charge up to 40 cars
requiring no modification to air conditioning • Packed in a cardboard box with
systems and minimal modification to most information kit containing refrigerant
identification labels, material safety data
refrigeration systems.
sheet and other usage guidance
information.
Minus 30 ensures exceptional energy
Product Characteristics
efficiency, dispersing heat much more
• Superior heat rejection – gives better
effectively than fluorocarbon equivalents. condenser heat exchange performance
• 30% by weight required of recommended
fluorocarbon refrigerant charge or refer
Substantial cost savings for long term

Minus 30
to charge weight section.
operation are achievable by replacing • Digital scales recommended – they save
fluorocarbon refrigerants with Minus 30. a great deal of time and also help to
prevent refrigerant wastage.
• Minus 30 is compatible with any
refrigerant lubricant, however we strongly
recommend a system flush and use of
SRO500 oil in all systems
Safe, natural, and environmentally
benign, the HyChill range of natural organic Effect on Systems
refrigerants is suitable for a wide range of air • Lower Head Pressures reduce load
conditioning and refrigeration applications. on compressor
• Less heat at compressor
Since no retro-fitting is required, HyChill
• Less engine drain at idle and when running
refrigerants are the prefered "drop in"
• Positive liquid head at TX valve or restrictor
solution for systems which previously used
• Quicker pull down temperature at vent
gases such as CFC R12 and HFC R134 and
• Lower vent temperature at all times
others.
• No upgrading to existing processing
equipment required.
• No change to repairers procedures
while installing

15
 A GUIDE TO AIR CONDITIONING
SERVICE AND DIAGNOSIS
TECHNICAL INFORMATION

The following pages are designed to assist in the step by step servicing and
diagnosis of air conditioning systems.

SAFETY PRECAUTIONS
Refrigerants have a very low boiling point. Extreme care must be taken when
they are being handled. Always observe the following safety precautions:

• Always wear eye protection

• Wear gloves
• Don’t allow liquid refrigerant to contact the bare skin, as this can cause
frost bite
• Don’t heat containers of refrigerant
• Provide adequate ventilation when charging or recovering refrigerant
as they are heavier than air
• Use caution when steam cleaning around A/C components as hot water on
the pipes and tubing could cause damage due to thermal expansion of the
refrigerant contained within them
• Avoid breathing refrigerant vapour
• If pumping refrigerant into a cylinder, do not allow the cylinder to be filled to
more than 80% of its capacity, as the remaining 20% is necessary to allow
for any thermal expansion of the refrigerant
• Always recover all fluorocarbon refrigerants

PREPARATION
The following preliminary checks should be carried out prior to any service or
diagnosis of an air conditioning system:

• Check for visible damage or chaffing of the hoses

Minus 30

• Ensure the condenser fins are not blocked with debris such as insects,
leaves etc. and that the fins are straight
• Ensure that the condenser fan operates and runs in the correct direction
• Check that the engine and radiator are at the correct operating temperature
and are not overheating
• Inspect the drive belts for damage and correct tension
• Ensure that the engine viscous fan engages at the correct temperature.
• The compressor should cycle on and off
• Make sure the evaporator drain hose is not blocked
• The heater is turned off and in the full cold mode position
• The air mix door is fully closed
• A/C switch fully illuminates when engaged
• There are no vacuum hose leaks
• The dash vents should open and close fully
• There must be no air leaks between the evaporator case and the heater case
• The blower fan should be operational on all speeds
• Check for any evidence of refrigerant leakage and oil staining at components
and connections

16
 HOW A SYSTEM SHOULD OPERATE

TECHNICAL INFORMATION
LEGEND

HIGH PRESSURE GAS Hot

HIGH PRESSURE LIQUID

LIQUID TO GAS PHASE

LOW PRESSURE GAS Cold

50 60 250
40 200 300
70
30 LOW 150 HIGH
The gauge readings for Minus 30
80 350
20 90
refrigerant should be approx 150kPa
100 400
10 100 (20 psi) on the low side, and 620-
50 450
0 110 1200kPa (90 to 180 psi) on the high
-10 120 0 500
PSI PSI side, depending on the ambient
temperature, good condenser, air
flow and an suitably sized condenser
- these items contribute to variations
in the high pressure gauge reading.
On larger commercial systems,
2 BAR 6.2-12 BAR pressures can be much lower.

Minus 30
200 kPa 620-1200 kPa
30 psi 90-180 psi

The diagram to the left will give an

indication of the temperatures that
can be expected from a system that
is operating correctly.

The high side will be hot to touch,

the low side will be cold.

17
TECHNICAL INFORMATION

EVACUATION AND CHARGING PROCEDURE

PERFORMANCE TESTING (GENERAL) STEP 1 - EVACUATION

1. Park vehicle in a shaded area. Take note of

ambient temperature. Start vacuum pump, open valve F,
2. Open both front windows and bonnet. open valves A & C

3. Connect both high and low pressure service

hose coupling valves to the system filling ports. Low side gauge
Low side gauge falling
4. Open all dash louvres and adjust to the straight not falling

ahead position.
5. Insert thermometer probe approximately 50mm Leave valves A, C & F Blockage or leak evident
open. Slowly open high in system. Find cause
into the centre vent louvre. side valves B & D. and rectify
6. Set the controls to:
A. Recirculate air position (use fresh air
position on cold days when charging) Evacuate system to 6 kPa absolute.
Close valves A, B & F. System must maintain 6 kPa
B. Maximum cooling absolute for a minimum of 15 minutes
C. A/C on.
7. Start engine, bring engine speed to 1700 RPM
Low pressure gauge Low pressure gauge
then allow pressure gauge needles to stabilise. needle steady needle rises
8. Take pressure and temperature settings.
Compare these to the manufacturers
Continue evacuation for
performance charts found in the appropriate GO TO STEP 2
Minus 30

30 minutes.
workshop manuals.

Partially charge system

Note: Only take pressure and temperature with 100 to 200 grams of
readings when the compressor is engaged. refrigerant

The performance test described here puts increased Check for leakage using an
load on the A/C system. If the A/C system can electronic leak detector.

operate to specification under this load, then it should

have no problems maintaining a low centre vent
temperature under normal driving conditions when
Recover refrigerant from system, open valves
the windows and bonnet are closed and the blower
A, B, C, D, E & H. After the recovery procedure
speed may be slower.
close valve E. Open valve F and continue the
In hot weather when the engine temperature is
evacuation procedure for a minimum of 15 mins then
normal, hot air from the engine bay can enter the
close valves A, B & F. Turn pump off. (Refer Fig. 1)
fresh air intake and load the system. This will raise the
temperature of the dash outlet air by up to 10ºC.

18
 LEGEND

A Low side gauge valve

B High side gauge valve
C Low pressure a/c sys connection

TECHNICAL INFORMATION
D High pressure a/c sys connection
E Recovery system
F Vacuum pump
G Refrigerant supply
H Refrigerant recovery unit

STEP 2 - LEAK TESTING STEP 3 - CHARGING SYSTEM

Warning: never run compressor without refrigerant in

system as the compressor relies on refrigerant/oil flow. Any
oil displaced during the refrigerant recovery process must
be replaced in the system before charging can commence.
The R134a system uses P.A.G. (Polyalkylen glycol)
lubricating oil. Use specified oil type or HyChill SRO 500.
Partially charge system with 100 to 200 grams of
refrigerant through high side filling hose.
Warning: never charge system through the high side with
the compressor running. (Which is not possible anyway)

Open high side valves B, D & G. Without exceeding

the specified amount, allow as much refrigerant as
possible to enter system
Locate leakage using soapy water or a leak detector.
Check on the underside of all fittings and components.
Watch to see if low side gauge rises. If not, the TX
is shut and will need replacing.

Close valves B & D. Rotate compressor front plate 12

revolutions to ensure no liquid is trapped in the compressor
Recover refrigerant from system open valves
A, B, C, D, E & H. (Refer Fig. 1)
Start engine, set to fast idle. Activate A/C switch.

Minus 30
Set controls to maximum cooling and high fan speed.

Open low side valves, A & C slowly and complete

the charging process (If required).

Repair leak source

Caution: Do not allow more than 275 kPa to register

on the low side gauge during charging.

Close all valves and taps. Remove high and low filling hoses,
make sure valves C & D are closed. Connect high side filling
Continue with evacuation and charging procedure hose to recovery unit inlet side. Open valves
as per steps 1 - 3. A, B & D. Switch on recovery machine and remove all
refrigerant from filling hoses. (Refer Fig. 2)

Carry out performance testing. Refer to appropriate

workshop manual for specifications.

19
 DIAGNOSTIC TIP - CHECKING FOR
A BLOCKAGE IN THE CONDENSER
TECHNICAL INFORMATION

A change of state, where high pressure vapour forms into a high pressure liquid
during the movement through the condenser takes place within approximately
the first 1/3 of the condenser. With this change of state a slight temperature
change takes place. This will vary depending on ambient temperature.

Using your finger, follow the tube(s) of the condenser (avoid burning your
skin), you should be able to feel where the change takes place. This change
will be quite subtle, however if you feel the difference in temperature before
approximately the first 1/3, a blockage may be present.

With the parallel flow design condenser,

refrigerant flows through more than one
tube, so the possibility exists that the
condenser will operate efficiently in lower
ambient temperatures even if one or
more of the tubes are blocked. Problems
such as poor performance and excessive
discharge pressures may not be apparent
until the ambient temperature increases
and greater refrigerant flow is required.

When the system is operating efficiently,

the entry to the condenser will be quite
Minus 30

hot and the liquid outlet will be just warm.

20
 WHY DO COMPRESSORS FAIL?

TECHNICAL INFORMATION
In most cases the reason you are fitting a reconditioned and guaranteed compressor
is that the old or original compressor has "GONE DOWN", therefore you must ask
yourself why did this happen?

Compressors do not fail for unexplained reasons so be assured that if you fit a
compressor without answering the "WHY" question and without following the
correct installation procedure this compressor will also "GO DOWN" causing you
unnecessary losses in both time and money. So, why did the old unit fail?

The three most likely causes for compressors to seize are:

3. LACK OF REFRIGERANT
1. EXCESSIVE HEAD PRESSURE 2. LACK OF OIL
(COMPRESSOR OVERHEATS)

In the case of excessive head pressure In the case of lack of oil the two reasons Slow leaks allow the system to run with
the three reasons for this are: for this are: low liquid supply to tx valve. The suction
BLOCKAGE IN SYSTEM - Check dryer, return gas to the compressor is not cold
SYSTEM BLOCKAGE -
T.X. Valve, Condenser (internally) enough to cool the compressor parts
restrictive flow of oil back to the
OVERCHARGE IN THE SYSTEM - compressor (i.e. tx valve, receiver/dryer, internally. Shaft seals harden and leak,
Some compressors are extremely oil deteriorates and metal parts fail.
condenser, freezing evaporator)
susceptible to this
OVERPRESSURE IN THE SYSTEM SYSTEM LEAK - allowing the oil to
- Inadequate car cooling system, clogged escape from the system.
condenser fins (external), defective thermo
fan or fan clutch, excessive moisture in
system, a cocktail of refrigerants.

Once you have found and rectified the reason for the old compressor failure, follow

Minus 30
this procedure for the installation of the new unit to ensure trouble free running.

1. FLUSH THE SYSTEM 2-3 TIMES WITH HyChill ECO-FLUSH

It cannot be stressed strongly enough that if a compressor has had

a burnout depositing sludge and debris through the system, this sludge
will simply work its way back to the compressor if it is not removed.

2. REPLACE T.X. VALVE

3. REPLACE RECEIVER DRYER

4. EVACUATE SYSTEM FOR CHARGING AND TESTING

• When compressor oil is replaced it should match the refrigerant to be used.

• HyChill SRO 500 lubricant is compatible with all refrigerants.
• HyChill Minus 30 Refrigerant is compatible with most commonly used oils.

21
 GAUGE AND SYSTEM DIAGNOSIS
TECHNICAL INFORMATION

PROBLEM CONDITION CAUSE

Low side gauge: High • Large amounts of air and

moisture in system caused by
insufficient evacuation time or no
High side gauge: High evacuation time after repairing
or servicing the system.
• Leaking components within the
Discharge air: Slightly cool system allowing moisture and
air to enter.
2.9 BAR 25.5 BAR • Compressor valve plate
290 kPa 2550 kPa Note: Low side pressure gauge
42 psi 370 psi damaged
needle does not fluctuate when
Excessive air (non condensables) compressor cycles On and Off.
(CCTXV or TX valve system & CCOT
or orifice tube system)

Low side gauge: High • TX valve blocked or jammed shut

High side gauge: Low

Discharge air: Warm

3.2 BAR 5.5 BAR

320 kPa 550 kPa Compressor: Noisy
46 psi 79 psi

Compressor malfunction
(CCTXV/CCOT system) Discharge hose: Cool
Minus 30

Low side gauge: Higher or lower • Compressor control valve

than control faulty or incorrect valve rating
point pressure used. These valves are stamped
with a letter code on the valve
High side gauge: Normal body indicating the pressure
control point for the low side of
Discharge air: Cool only if
the system.
above control point
Eg. Code "Y"
Evaporator: Freezes up if
3 BAR 15 BAR
too far below Y = 290 kPa (absolute) =
300 kPa 1500 kPa
43 psi 217 psi control point 160-200 kPa (low gauge
reading).
Compressor control valve malfunction Note: Refer to workshop manual
(Harrison V5 variable stroke compressor) for low side control point pressure Note: Refer to appropriate
workshop manual.

22
 TECHNICAL INFORMATION
PROBLEM CONDITION CAUSE

Low side gauge: Low to vacuum • Orifice tube filter screen blocked
with debris such as aluminium
particles.
High side gauge: Low

Discharge air: Slightly cool

0 BAR 1 BAR
0 kPa 100 kPa Orifice tube: Frost build up
0 psi 14 psi

Orifice tube blocked

(CCOT system) Low pressure switch: Deactivated

Low side gauge: High • Expansion valve (TX) jammed

open and not modulating,
causing flooding of evaporator
High side gauge: High with refrigerant.
• This is normally related to
incorrect positioning of
Discharge air: Warm temperature sensing bulb or
foreign material and moisture
2.9 BAR 25.5 BAR
entry causing rust formations.
290 kPa 2550 kPa Suction: Sweating or frost build up
42 psi 370 psi • Or old and failed TX valve.

Expansion valve (TX) remains open

(CCTXV system)

Minus 30
Low side gauge: Low to vacuum • Expansion valve (TX) jammed
closed, insufficient refrigerant
flow to suction side of the
High side gauge: Low compressor.
• This is normally related to the
TXV sensing bulb malfunction,
Discharge air: Slightly cool disconnected from tube, foreign
material in TXV or moisture
0 BAR 0 BAR
entry causing rust formations.
0 kPa 0 kPa Expansion valve: Sweating or
0 psi 0 psi
frost build up
Expansion valve (TX) remains closed
(CCTXV system)

23
 GAUGE AND SYSTEM DIAGNOSIS (CONTINUED)
TECHNICAL INFORMATION

PROBLEM CONDITION CAUSE

Low side gauge: Low to normal • Refrigerant overcharge

• Engine or condenser fan not
operating
High side gauge: High
• Condenser fins clogged with
debris
Discharge air: Warm
• No sealing foam between
condenser and radiator
1.5 BAR 27 BAR
High side tubes: Very hot • Obstruction in front of condenser
150 kPa 2700 kPa eg. bullbar, insect screen
21 psi 391 psi
Compressor clutch: Could • Fan belt slippage
Condenser malfunction or overcharge continually cycle on the high
(CCTXV/CCOT system) pressure switch • Radiator overheating

Low side gauge: Low to normal • Faulty thermostatic switch

• Reset thermostat to cycle clutch
High side gauge: Normal out at 4ºC - 6ºC.

Discharge air: Very cold then

goes warm

1.3 BAR 15 BAR

130 kPa 1500 kPa Evaporator: Freezes up
19 psi 217 psi

Temperature control switch Air flow: Restricted when evaporator

(de-icing control) freezes up or; compressor cycles
(CCOT system) On and Off too fast.
Minus 30

Low side gauge: High • Refrigerant bypassing the

orifice tube.
• "O" rings on orifice tube
High side gauge: High damaged or missing.

After orifice tube: Warm

3.1 BAR 25 BAR

310 kPa 2500 kPa Accumulator: Warm
45 psi 362 psi

Orifice tube bypass

(CCOT system)

24
 TECHNICAL INFORMATION
PROBLEM CONDITION CAUSE

Low side gauge: Low • Refrigerant leak from system or

normal refrigerant loss over a
period of ten years in operation.
High side gauge: Low

• Refrigerant undercharge.
Discharge air: Cool

0 BAR 10 BAR
0 kPa 1000 kPa Accumulator: Warm
0 psi 145 psi

Refrigerant loss
(CCOT system)

Low side gauge: High Electrical component open circuit;

• Thermostat
• Pressure switch
High side gauge: Low
• Clutch coil
• Fuse
• A/C switch
Discharge air: Warm
• Blown switch
• Wiring
• Compressor drive belt missing
5 BAR 2.5 BAR Compressor: Not operating
500 kPa 250 kPa
72 psi 36 psi No power to compressor clutch
system. Operating pressure not
Electrical fault Note: Both high and low readings normal. Equal approximately
(CCTX/CCOT system) will be the same. 500-600 kPa high and low side.

Minus 30
Low side gauge: Low • Foreign material causing blockage
between compressor outlet and
evaporator inlet (high side).
ie. Entry to compressor may be
High side gauge: Low blocked. Receiver may be blocked
by debris from compressor.
• No or very little refrigerant flow to
Discharge air: Slightly cool suction (low) side of compressor.
0.8 BAR 9 BAR
80 kPa 900 kPa
11 psi 130 psi High side tubes: Cool and showing • Note - Compressor noisy, fast
cycling depending if the high
Restriction in high side of system signs of sweating or moist build up pressure switch is before or after
(CCTX/CCOT system) after the point of restriction. the restriction.

25
 GAUGE AND SYSTEM DIAGNOSIS (CONTINUED)

FEEL TEST
TECHNICAL INFORMATION

There will be times when the pressures registering on the gauges will not make sense. When
this occurs, a handy diagnostic tip is to carry out a 'feel test'. Feeling the hoses and tubing
may indicate the location of a possible blockage. The location of charge port will have to be
considered when attempting this test, as the pressure gauge readings will vary, depending
on which side of the charge port the blockage is located.

Blockage - high side (after charge port)

High side pressure: High

Low side pressure: Low to normal

• High pressure switch will not deactivate the A/C

system, low pressure switch might.
• Compressor noisy
• High side hose very hot before blockage
• High side hose very cool to warm after blockage

Blockage - high side (before charge port)

High side pressure: Low

Low side pressure: Low to normal

• High pressure switch will not deactivate the A/C

system, low pressure switch might.
Minus 30

• Compressor noisy
• High side hose very hot before blockage
• High side hose very cool to warm after blockage

Blockage - low side (after charge port)

High side pressure: Low

Low side pressure: High

• Low pressure switch will deactivate the A/C system.

• Frosting of the low side hose/fittings before
the blockage.

26
 TECHNICAL INFORMATION
Blockage - low side (before charge port)

High side pressure: Low

Low side pressure: Low to vacuum

• Low pressure switch will deactivate the A/C system.

• Frosting of the low side hose/fittings before
the blockage.

Blockage - receiver dryer

High side pressure: High

Low side pressure: Low to vacuum

• High pressure switch will deactivate the A/C system.

• If the blockage is in the receiver dryer itself, the
outlet tube will be frosted.

Blockage - orifice tube (CCOT system)

High side pressure: Low

Low side pressure: Low to vacuum

• Low pressure switch will deactivate the A/C system.

• Frosting of the tube after the orifice tube.

Checking refrigerant charge - CCOT system

Minus 30
Run the A/C system, place one hand on the outlet side of
the orifice tube and one hand on top of the accumulator.

If the temperature of the accumulator is higher than

the temperature after the orifice tube, then the refrigerant
charge is not to specification. Add 150 gms and re-
check.

27
 PRODUCT COMPARISON CHART

Minus 30 R134a R12

TECHNICAL INFORMATION

HC HFC CFC
Class (HydroCarbon) (HydroFluoroCarbon) (ChloroFluoroCarbon)

Isobutane & Propane 1,1,1,2,-Tetrafluoroethane Dichlorodifluoromethane

Chemical Name CH(CH3 )3 & C3H8 CH2FCF3 CCI2F2

Formula R-600a R-290 R-134a (100%) R-12 (100%)

Boiling Point -37.8˚C -26.6˚C -29.7˚C

Critical Temperature 112˚C 100.6˚C 112˚C

Toxicity Low Medium Medium

Refrigerant Flammability Yes No No

(auto-ignition temperature) (~460˚C - ~470˚C) (~800˚C) (~1100˚C)

Lubricant Flammability Yes Yes Yes

(auto-ignition temperature) (~200˚C) (~200˚C) (~200˚C)

Refrigerant + Lubricant
Yes Yes Yes
Flammability

Toxicity after ignition Extremely Low Very High High

Global Warming Potential

~0 / 3 3100 / 1300 8500 / 8500
(20 years / 100years)

Ozone Depletion Potential None None Yes

Atmosphere Lifetime
<1 ~16 ~130
(Years)
Minus 30

Cooling Performance
Excellent Marginal Very Good
@ 40˚C

Energy Efficiency High Low Medium

Power Consumption Lower than R134a High Medium

Average System Charge

<300 grams ~750 grams ~900 grams
by Weight

28
 PRESSURE TEMPERATURE CHART

TEMPERATURE Minus 30 R12 R134a

TECHNICAL INFORMATION
˚C ˚F kPa psi kPa psi kPa psi
-40 -40 -6.4 -0.9 -35.5 -5.2 -47.5 -6.9
-38 -36 1.3 0.2 -29.2 -4.2 -41.9 -6.1
-36 -33 9.5 1.4 -22.5 -3.3 -35.8 -5.2
-34 -29 18.3 2.6 -15.3 -2.2 -29.2 -4.2
-32 -26 27.5 4.0 -7.6 -1.1 -22.1 -3.2
-30 -22 37.3 5.4 0.6 0.1 -14.4 -2.1
-28 -18 47.7 6.9 9.4 1.4 -6.2 -0.9
-26 -15 58.7 8.5 18.8 2.7 2.7 0.4
-24 -11 70.4 10.2 28.9 4.2 12.3 1.8
-22 -8 82.6 12.0 39.5 5.7 22.5 3.3
-20 -4 95.6 13.9 50.9 7.4 33.5 4.9
-18 0 109.3 15.9 62.9 9.1 45.2 6.6
-16 3 123.7 17.9 75.7 11.0 57.8 8.4
-14 7 138.8 20.1 89.3 13.0 71.2 10.3
-12 10 154.7 22.5 103.6 15.0 85.5 12.4
-10 14 171.5 24.9 118.8 17.2 100.7 14.6
-8 18 189.0 27.4 134.8 19.6 116.8 17.0
-6 21 207.5 30.1 151.7 22.0 134.0 19.4
-4 25 226.8 32.9 169.5 24.6 152.2 22.1
-2 28 247.0 35.9 188.3 27.3 171.5 24.9
0 32 268.2 38.9 208.0 30.2 192.0 27.9
2 36 290.3 42.1 228.8 33.2 213.6 31.0
4 39 313.5 45.5 250.6 36.4 236.5 34.3
6 43 337.6 49.0 273.4 39.7 260.7 37.8
8 46 362.8 52.7 297.4 43.2 286.1 41.5
10 50 389.1 56.5 322.5 46.8 313.0 45.4
12 54 416.5 60.5 348.8 50.6 341.3 49.5
14 57 445.1 64.6 376.3 54.6 371.0 53.8
16 61 474.8 68.9 405.1 58.8 402.3 58.4
18 64 505.7 73.4 435.1 63.2 435.1 63.2
20 68 537.9 78.1 466.5 67.7 469.6 68.2

Minus 30
22 72 571.3 82.9 499.2 72.4 505.7 73.4
24 75 605.9 87.9 533.2 77.4 543.6 78.9
26 79 641.9 93.2 568.7 82.5 583.2 84.6
28 82 679.3 98.6 605.6 87.9 624.7 90.7
30 86 718.0 104.2 644.0 93.5 668.0 97.0
32 90 758.1 110.0 683.9 99.3 713.3 103.5
34 93 799.6 116.1 725.4 105.3 760.6 110.4
36 97 842.6 122.3 768.4 111.5 809.9 117.5
38 100 887.1 128.8 813.1 118.0 861.3 125.0
40 104 933.1 135.4 859.4 124.7 914.9 132.8
42 108 980.7 142.3 907.3 131.7 970.7 140.9
44 111 1029.8 149.5 957.0 138.9 1028.7 149.3
46 115 1080.6 156.8 1008.4 146.4 1089.1 158.1
48 118 1132.9 164.4 1061.7 154.1 1151.8 167.2
50 122 1187.0 172.3 1116.7 162.1 1216.9 176.6
52 126 1242.7 180.4 1173.5 170.3 1284.6 186.4
54 129 1300.1 188.7 1232.3 178.8 1354.7 196.6
56 133 1359.3 197.3 1292.9 187.6 1427.5 207.2

29
 MDS No: 1012 Page 1 of 2
HYCHILL AUSTRALIA PTY LTD
85A Canterbury Road Kilsyth VIC 3137
Phone +61 3 9728 5055 Fax +61 3 9761 8799
Emergency Phone Number +61 3 9728 5055
TECHNICAL INFORMATION

MATERIAL SAFETY DATA SHEET

Date Issued: 30 August 2007
IDENTIFICATION
PRODUCT NAME: Minus 30 Refrigerant Gas UN Number: 1965
Other Names: Hydrocarbon Blend HR12 Hazchem Code: 2WE
Dangerous Goods Class: 2.1 Subsidiary Risk: None
Emergency Procedures Guide: 2A2 Manufacturers Code: Minus 30
Poisons Schedule: None Allocated
Hazards Identification: Not classified as hazardous according to NOHSC criteria
Classified as a dangerous good by the criteria of the ADG code

USE: A flammable gas used as refrigerant, normally stored under pressure in liquid form.

PHYSICAL DESCRIPTION/PROPERTIES:
Appearance: Rapidly evaporating liquid or gas with rotten cabbage - like odour
Initial boiling point: -30°C to 0°C Vapour Pressure at 20°C: 540kPag
Melting Point: Not Applicable Flash Point: -104 to 60°C
Density @ 15°C: Approximately equal to 0.53 Solubility in Water: Very slight
Lower Flammability Limit: 1.9% in air Upper Flammability Limit: 9.5% in air

OTHER PROPERTIES:
Evaporation Rate: Rapid Vapour Density: 1.5 to 2.0 air = 1
Auto Ignition Point: ~460°C - ~470°C % Volatilise: 100%

INGREDIENTS:
Chemical Entity CAS Number Proportion
C3 H8 0074-98-6 0 to 70%
CH(CH3)3 75-28-5 0 to 50%
Minus 30 contains odourant ethyl mercaptan unless otherwise authorised. (recommended 25 mg/kg). This is detectable to 20% of its lower flammability limit.

HEALTH HAZARD INFORMATION

HEALTH HAZARDS
Inhaled: May cause irritation of the respiratory tract. May also cause headaches or dizziness at moderate exposures.
Minus 30

Asphyxiant: Causes unconsciousness and respiratory arrest at elevated exposures.

Eye: Irritating if the liquid gets into the eyes, with a possible hazard from freezing due to rapid evaporation. Vapours in high concentration may also be
irritating.
Skin: Excessive prolonged contact to the liquid can cause skin irritation and frostbite due to rapid evaporation.
Swallowed: Unlikely to be a problem, owing to high evaporation rate.
Chronic: No effects reported from long term industrial exposure to this product.

FIRST AID
Inhaled: Avoid breathing vapours and fumes as much as possible. If someone is overcome by fumes, remove them to fresh air immediately. Rescuers
should avoid becoming a casualty by wearing suitable respiratory protection. If the affected individual is not breathing, administer artificial respiration.
Seek medical advice promptly in serious cases of over exposure.
Eye: Avoid contact with the product. Remove any contact lenses carefully. Hold eyelids open and flush eyes with tepid water for 15 minutes. Seek
medical advice immediately for all eye contact.
Where significant splashing of Minus 30 liquid may occur, eyewash facilities stations should be installed.
Skin: Avoid skin contact with the liquid. Remove contaminated clothing and wash the exposed areas with plenty of soap and water. Seek medical
advice if irritation or frostbite (see below) occurs.
Swallowed: Unlikely to be a problem, owing to high evaporation rate.
Frostbite: Obtain medical assistance. If medical advice is not available immediately, place casualty in a warm area as soon as possible and allow the
injured area to warm gradually (further damage may occur if the area of injury warms too rapidly). DO NOT EXPOSE THE INJURED AREA TO
EXCESS HEAT OR COLD (such as heat lamps, hot water, snow or ice). Gently cover or drape the injured area with clean material, such as dressing or
sheet. To relieve pain, immerse the injured area in water which is near or at body temperature (35-40°C). If possible, get the casualty to exercise the
injured area gradually. Give them something warm to drink, BUT NO ALCOHOL. Seek medical advice as soon as possible.

30
 Page 2 of 2
ADVICE TO DOCTOR
No specific treatment recommended. Treat symptomatically. Show a copy of this material safety data sheet to medical personnel dealing with cases of
over exposure
PRECAUTIONS FOR USE
EXPOSURE STANDARDS
Worksafe Australia has established comments and exposure Standards for the following ingredients of this product:

TECHNICAL INFORMATION
Minus 30: Simple asphyxiant 800ppm (1900 mg/m³) as an 8-hour Time Weighted Average.

Minus 30 is odourised before transport handling and is detectable to 20% of its LEL. If no stenching agent has been added, Minus 30 has a high odour
threshold (in the order of 10-25 times the exposure standard).

ENGINEERING CONTROLS
Ensure there is good ventilation of the area in which the product is used to keep concentrations below the exposure standard or lower explosive limit.
While dilution by air may be sufficient in most cases, an exhaust ventilation may be required. In such cases use spark proof equipment, if possible. A
ventilation velocity of a least 0.3m/s is recommended.

PERSONAL PROTECTION
Avoid contact with eyes and skin. Overalls or a long sleeved shirt and closed in shoes or safety footwear should be worn as a general precaution.
Eye Protection: Eye protection is required (faceshield, chemical safety glasses or side shield glasses) where splashing is likely. Eye protection should
comply with AS 1336/1337.
Gloves: Impervious oil and cold resistant gloves should be worn when using this product. Gloves made of PVC are preferred, although gloves made of
nitrile and chloroprene should also be satisfactory. Any such gloves should comply with AS 2161.
Respiratory Protection: If ventilation of the area is not sufficient, respiratory protection may be required. This should be at least approved air supplied or
self contained breathing apparatus where the exposure standard is likely to be exceeded or if work is required close to large gas leaks. Respiratory
protection should comply with AS 1715/1716.

FLAMMABILITY
Minus 30 is gaseous and highly flammable at normal temperatures and pressures. The gas is normally stored under pressure in the liquid form. Release
of pressure is associated with rapid cooling, the intensity of which is dependent on the rate of release. Containers of Minus 30 are explosive hazards,
when exposed to excessive heat.

SAFE HANDLING
STORAGE AND TRANSPORT
Minus 30 is classified under the Australian Code for the Transportation of Dangerous Goods by Road and Rail as a FLAMMABLE GAS (Class 2.1).
Storage: Minus 30 should be stored in approved areas only. Minimum conditions of storage include dry, cool, secure storage away from heat, sources of
ignition and oxidising substances. Keep containers closed and upright when not in use.
Transport: Minus 30 must be transported in accordance with the latest edition of the Australian Dangerous Goods Code, (ADG Code). Large volumes
must be transported in approved tankers, and smaller volumes in approved pressure containers.

SPILLS AND DISPOSAL

Spills: Cut off source of leak. If the release is large, cut off all ignition sources and evacuate all non-essential personnel from the area. If possible,
ventilate the area. If the incident is significant seek immediate assistance from local fire authorities and police. If possible, monitor the vapour
concentration until dissipated.
Disposal: If possible allow to evaporate. Large volumes should be removed by tanker or by controlled burning. Minus 30 can be disposed of by approved
incineration methods. Contact local supplier or fire brigade for further advice on disposal.

FIRE/EXPLOSION HAZARD
Hazchem Code: 2WE

Minus 30
Extinguishers: Water spray or BC fire extinguisher.
Procedures: Stay out of gas or vapour. Use water to disperse unignited gas or vapour. Allow to burn out if possible.
Special Precautions: Fire-fighters should wear full protection and breathing apparatus.
Minus 30 is heavier than air, and vapours will tend to flow downwards and accumulate in low-lying areas such as drains and pits at ground level.
Containers: Cool fire exposed containers with water spray. If ignition has occurred and water is not available, tank metal may weaken from overheating.
Reactivity: Stable
Incompatibilities: Oxidisers
Combustion Products: Hazardous combustion products of carbon dioxide (carbon monoxide under poor conditions of combustion) and smoke may be
produced.
Hazardous polymerisation will not occur.

US NFPA Classification: Health: 1 Flammability: 3 Reactivity: 0

OTHER INFORMATION Contact Name: John Clark Title: Safety Officer

Phone:+613 9761 8788 Fax: +613 9761 8799

Date of last review: 30 August 2007

31
 PRESSURE/ENTHALPY CHART FOR A TYPICAL HYDROCARBON BLEND (MINUS 30)

150.0

100.0

70.0 Replaces R12 & R134a

g (0˚C) = 1 kJ / kg K
h (0˚C) = 200 kJ / kg
40.0 70

50

0
30

60

40

20
20.0

-20

T = -40˚C
20

15
10.0

m3
7.0 p = 10 kg /

7.0

0.5
0.9

0.8

0.7

0.6

0.4

0.3

0.2

0.1

Pressure (bar)
4.0 5.0

x=
3.0
2.0

E
2.0

LIN
LINE

INT
1.5

PO
1.0
80

60

40

20
200

180

160

140

120

100

E-
OINT

L
T = 0˚C

-P

1.0

BB
0.7

BU
DEW

K
3.6

3.4

3.2

3.0

2.8

2.6

2.4

2.0
2.2

1.8

1.6

1.2
1.4

0.8
0.4

g = 1.0 kJ / kg
0.3
100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000

Enthalpy (kJ/kg)
 HyChill Australia Pty Ltd
85a Canterbury Rd, Kilsyth,
Victoria, Australia 3137
Ph: +61 3 9728 5055
Fax: +61 3 9761 8799
Email: [email protected]
Web: www.hychill.com.au
140624

Disclaimer: Every effort has been made to ensure the contents of this publication were accurate and up to date at the time of going to press (Sept 2007).