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GJ Digdal pulse modulation”
PCM 2 DPCM 3°DM
\- Pulse code modutation
Ok dil joxs horn other puise
modish ation bechwutques iu thee tb igo
digk at process: Anstrad 8) aendong oO
» pulse, ‘Het, the Pom qnaer pone
A Serres, 8, biw unnbers. Hiner, th ts
ales digital Briscdubleltiots process «
Pom. ts obbatned upiita the
es 3 se ak
y savnpliag
2) qpardection
3) Ciredig
Sa
ba | ce ve Ake ig tn reer a conver ‘
tuto &
a continous time ( dance | amp fg
} dhs Cake Iie Contrnows arp ch ‘D Quartizstion. Jt "ste proess oy
converting disgust. bine tontmous AP
4la ints dvecute is crate .
Is i 7 ‘ocans ee ome, Aly (
Bg FD.45 quanlssattion Uae tobel amp jyte
ae alg Vs divided tbo a no: 6), abandon
levels. as showo mM fees: These Levels
One called quoutication levels. Rew ouly &
Revel em ‘show _ ee aS habe Buk
hack oe S)ras use ing. levels ok more. Fock
sampled | DE lapprebaen ated | to the
meats quawbsatign vel Lvel. a) the
Jample d Nrolaae 4 '$i! GON i is txansmilled
Os GON pulse tw PAM G2 mreoeeconal
pulse m Pom. Bel Me send as te
digik Ain (bina no: >) in Pom: 4n Pe
each sampled value is convedicl to the
neages quar gckioo level.
Gypenectpp boise:
S|, te quantieed lq is
compasias with, Aha oxighal sagt Aly
tg cleag What the quantization paces
Inkgo duces Aome distort 'on The dictottion
fe called quantisation exrox (quantisation
noise), The bigqet exro2 Khat Can OtCUr
ktg equal bo half, Te Aika of Si quoutcen.
tusu Level.
3) Entodwing:
= 5 oF y+ 5 38 2
otltorrtrrrir Lb otrortlor
4o Jodiag ithe quevdtiised 5h 8
Converts tak a binany fp ie ciscate
aaa vedtid tte Koitel sk
Quantlectio. asd entodting can be
acteve visa Ape claeuits .
Perego’ 9 Pe
At te seevever the POM 4/q is
fixe corested into PAM and then
demodulaked -»
ye
bits, 256 Acquis @ bibs.
oh AEM 6, Ransmissior, vs
Methods = be aaduce quantisation Qrxor.
One wmiethod oo xeduce quantesatvon
ennd2, 1) hs) ‘ne Aang the, numbee &,
gqurantts ation, levels - But mow Levels Reg ses
mo bits be tad reas inloem ato te
5 te Lvels neque 4
oe aaquixed
paope eninal be
@ Qivele Agus 8 bits
Nhe no. \ buts. Peg aeond: Mee es
moeases,
ib Hos no} yt quantisation levels
FU cewh,4: gies Ys do prsckteal chs
1X Lawes, ORR. used tes apeech & eae east
}
ve Congas ie
¥ ta ton levels Re
Lused the Aize | ow ou qe ton ‘level
fe, Man: amp, '
(6.
Theo Man + quartisation eCRROKR Ig
one quavtection textel cividled by 2
Ey ey
f22, -
a
2 le ” man. AMP
— 2 2.
) Pe
st tae levels ase used , theo
Moan murs quantisation exroR 1S
Max. awep..
256 sda i
ie The quawt'sotin exo VS New aeooll
m Atsie case Bur “Ape low amp lite
Signals Ha’s quant's akin esror’'s nak
toleable- To avord ths) pasbler srnable
quenttesalion Uvels Boa | Amall ompliide
aignals and Yaager quentis ative Levels
Pre fogerty oie, et ata
Buk U's ‘ype 8), nde ediptae quantasitis
_ <
is dalprorte to tenplement 2 4k aaguises ij |
a complicated quantisex dis ‘gp. These Lobe a
Sutabe alktenalve callliecd Comp aod |
\e used. ;em Pa fs
do corapand.ing , the Amat om pile
aignals axe; omplified and , high amplitude
signals |) oon attinnatad Alber thes Proust
| unto ero quent’ sakisn is” esjormed Thes
, ts equivalink bo koperd quantisation
Ak te Recrever the AEN OSS
dbs He gedahl konipllluae -algmals * 4
obtructeld. aod cal amplitinde < Qe
anaplbed Whines ate compassion a, signe
ak the btxansmiller and ecpangs ons S414
at Lhe /egpriver §s jaghveved: This vs
called Lohan ny :
Vout,
pepe is
< ao
e
pi 2Vin-
@ ma doe| Rg Shows Uowpabistian and sae bau ae
Cusnt es» At the evever the agnol
expand ed exactly oppor Ao the Compesscon
At He transmitter +The Comparision and
expansion or, Obbatred by passing he
Als tough amor Qinens amp. Ag: shoes
to Ranh chéagackai'skics! 6), wer Sin2o2
omap Dotted Lvs Arpar sents Gamsfer
Pow geneeakor Pem transmitter)
ac) K
— [oe Fo sein fa
Stqual ack) ts rest poseed Heough
oO UPP — cute Ab peqeny fo Th's
Ler blocks ath Hu frequen ces above finn,
Thus aC) is bandlinuted Mts “Bes He THe
Sample and Nold errant aomplys thes argnalSSS eee
Ab a ixoke sy! fg). Samplug Faquancy
must! be, selected, above. nyquisk woke §
Ay @woid., alea og ‘ fl .
Pozako | ]
A q- level quankiser performs
quantesatreos P\ Sie sampled etgnal -
encoder converts the quantsed signal
not possible te
Ke binosy word
j gental
The
tnlo
Qa binany atqnal . 4b is
bxanewik each bie 4,
simulbancousty - 4L ts Converted to
bik Akeraro ust aeyal
Convesbor . Sie, is usactly a pagaltel ha
Seual ouk alohr aaqister.
a pasallet xo’
Pom xecievee
Pom + PON zatre|
- Recyenceale >| pasalle}
Voice A Conn alee
Ths degenakor arshoapes the pulses
Ths igual ts
and s2morves He noice
Convarted inte parallel bits using sendLaPaL avuee Thon Pik voli dauoded’ ®
Yobedia He nie eat Then & (8
Passed through , LP aeconsteuck'oo fies
bo obtain the Oarginal message signed
Ba&-aake tm Pet
vv , ket fhe’ binasy entoda. Uses NV”
wumber bits | % zeparsenk each quarkised
Value: Then Khe no: 6 quavtesalror levels
y= .8
fq 4 Vea ibis then > 2 =o bvels
o. & bibs’ ig 4anple oN bibs
oO Aangpleee pe ‘actond Fe
A bt pes stud (bitzatd)
zvxk
@ iA TN 4uynal with a B.w i Feo Mix
is tansmissed using | bin Poy + the
ne. A) quantisation levels, fg ta Caloilatecode woad length C bits feample) ama biteate
4 transmission
Given BO = Qos A. oMHA:
yesie Fi plasio
No: 6 bbe ve Fy,
Per sormyte
Given Fok A. gman
Re = afro I
= AX 4.9 Mnz
= 8: 4AMHX
Brhedte = Nees 2 Ae SAMAR mets
= 15°6G Mbps.
ane
@) Buy §a ity signal 4-5 MR% jf the
signal is cotnkakest wtp POM cockl 1024
Quantes ation Levels, dokeamune the no: 4,
bis por Ationd gerroted by PeM dro.
Bw = ASMH-.,
a
Medd
10
Be Wah. 2-2
No: lo
: buble
pur Sample-5?-
fo = A. 5Mix
Pa se yas
= ax A.6 e tMrx), Ae,
Break vx ks
LASK Ate a0 Mbps
Noiee immunity iw POM ©
Pom sais Weg notse romana
Compass be oth pulie modulalion
bechwiguas Thee tg betause, Pom depends
only or. Ue prserce Or absente 5), pulses
ob any given tems » dt doesnot depends, a
on any thes chorackeisber 6), he pube
> High mois @ tmannunithy
> de has oll other advantages § o
digital Loramuanteskin Aro