WMS

Uniclass EPIC
L2172 B524
CI/SfB
(52.5) X
May 2011

Polystorm & Polystorm Lite

Technical Guide

Water Management Solutions

Design, planning, specification and installation guidelines

1
 Contents

Water Management
Solutions Contents
Modular Cell Systems Section Page

Design, planning, specification Index 4-7

and installation guidelines

Overview 1 8 - 13

From the technical specialists, Polypipe Water Management Solutions. Products 2 14 - 23

The Polystorm range of products and solutions for attenuation and
soakaway applications. Testing & Certification 3 24 - 29

This document describes the products from Polypipe Water Management Design Protocol 4 30 - 49
Solutions for implementing a stormwater management system that
meets the requirements for Sustainable Drainage Systems (SUDS). Installation 5 50 - 63

Purpose of this document

Associated Products 6 64 - 73
This document provides full technical details on Polypipe WMS Polystorm products

and explains how to:

Project Solutions 7 74 - 79
• select products to provide the best solution for your specific stormwater requirements

• incorporate products into your project's design

The Company 8 80 - 91
• install products on-site

Other relevant documents from Polypipe WMS

• Ridgidrain/Ridgisewer and Polysewer Design and Installation Manuals

• Forms for specifying your requirements for Catchpits and Stormcheck chambers

2 3
 Index - pages

Index - how this document is organised

The document is presented in clearly marked sections Description Section Page

to help you navigate and find the information you Overview 1 8 - 13

SUDS best practise & legislation 1.1 10 - 11
require quickly and easily. Drainage design and planning 1.2 12 - 13

Products 2 14 - 23
Modular cell system overview 2.1 16 - 17
Polystorm Lite 2.2 18 - 19
Section 1 - provides an overview of SUDS. Polystorm 2.3 20 - 21
Polystorm hybrid construction 2.4 22 - 23
Section 2 - provides guidance on drainage design and Testing & Certification 3 24 - 29
helps you select which product to use for managing a Testing and certification 3.1 26 - 27
Summary of test results 3.2 28 - 29
site's stormwater run-off. Design Protocol 4 30 - 49
Detail design protocol 4.1 32 - 35
Section 3 - provides testing and certification information. Distributed loads 4.2 36
Lateral loading calculation example 4.3 37 - 38
Section 4 & 5 - describe design protocol, installation Maximum burial depths 4.4 39
Special measures 4.5 40
and maintenance. Hydraulic design 4.6 41
Hydrological rainfall 4.7 42 - 43
Section 6 - provides information on associated products. Soakaway design 4.8 44 - 47
General layouts 4.9 48 - 49
Section 7 - shows project solutions. Installation 5 50 - 63
Health and safety 5.1 52 - 55
Section 8 - company overview. Connections 5.2 56 - 57
Ventilation 5.3 58 - 60
Typical installation procedure - soakaway 5.4 61 - 62
Maintenance 5.5 63

Associated Products 6 64 - 73
Stormcheck 6.1 66 - 67
Storm-X4 6.2 68 - 71
Fabrications 6.3 72 - 73

Project Solutions 7 74 - 79
Polystorm case studies 7.1 76
Polystorm Lite case study 7.2 77
Hybrid solutions case study 7.3 78 - 79

The Company 8 80 - 91
Manufacture 8.1 82 - 83
Innovation, research & development 8.2 84 - 85
Health, safety & environmental policies 8.3 86 - 87
Sustainability 8.4 88 - 89
Support information 8.5 90 - 91

4 5
 Index - illustrations & tables

Index - illustrations and tables

Description Section Table Illustrations* Page Description Section Table Illustrations* Page
Products Installation
Polystorm Lite - technical specification overview 2 1 18 Impermeable geomembrane properties 5 17 53
Polystorm Lite cell dimensions 2 Figure 1 18 Clip connectors 5 *Figure 31 54
Polystorm Lite - product codes and pack quantities 2 2 19 Shear connectors 5 *Figure 32 54
Polystorm Lite maximum burial depths 2 Figure 2 19 Location of points for clips and shears 5 *Figure 33 54
Polystorm technical specification overview 2 3 20 Shear connector installation 5 *Figure 34 55
Polystorm cell dimensions 2 Figure 3 20 Clip connector installation 5 *Figure 35 55
Polystorm - product codes and pack quantities 2 4 21 160/110mm Invert level reducer 5 *Figure 36 56
Polystorm maximum burial depths 2 Figure 4 21 160mm diameter adaptor 5 *Figure 37 56
Polystorm Lite burial depths 2 Figure 5 22 Polystorm cell 160mm diameter knock out 5 *Figure 38 56
Polystorm burial depths 2 Figure 6 22 Fabricated Polystorm cell allowing 225mm diameter
5 *Figure 39 56
Hybrid solution burial depths 2 Figure 7 23 pipe connection
Fabricated Polystorm cell allowing 300mm diameter
Testing & Certification 5 *Figure 40 56
pipe connection
Compression test rig 3 Figure 8 26
Typical Polystorm 450mm inlet manifold detail 5 *Figure 41 57
Unit axis; direction of applied load 3 Figure 9 27
Typical Polystorm 450mm inlet manifold detail 5 *Figure 42 57
Position of load platens; point load resistance 3 *Figure 10 27
Typical Polystorm manifold detail 5 *Figure 43 57
Creep test rig 3 Figure 11 27
Typical Polystorm 600mm inlet manifold detail 5 *Figure 44 57
Dimensions of Polystorm Lite cell 3 Figure 12 28
Vertical vent pipe with cowl 5 *Figure 45 58
Dimensions of Polystorm cell 3 Figure 13 28
Horizontal vent pipe 5 *Figure 46 58
Technical data of Polystorm Lite and Polystorm cells 3 5 29
Permeable geotextile properties 5 18 61
Design Protocol Silt trap 5 Figure 47 63
Structural design 4 Figure 14 32
Associated Products
Partial material factors of safety: Polystorm Lite & Polystorm 4 6 34
Manual bypass design 6 Figure 48 67
Partial factors of safety for applied loads 4 7 35
Auto bypass design 6 Figure 49 67
Distributed loads - design against collapse 4 Figure 15 36
Capabilities of Storm-X4 to reduce chemical pollutants 6 19 71
Lateral loading - load from wheels 4 Figure 16 37
Lateral loading - from earth, water pressure and surcharge
4 Figure 17 37
above cell
Lateral loading - design against floatation 4 Figure 18 38
Polystorm Lite - maximum depth of installation 4 8 39
Polystorm - maximum depth of installation 4 9 39 * Please note:
Polystorm & Polystorm Lite - minimum cover levels 4 10 39 Illustrations shown within this
Reducing lateral pressure - building out layers 4 Figure 19 40
publication are available as
Reducing lateral pressure - using reinforced soil backfill 4 Figure 20 40
downloadable CAD drawings from
Reducing lateral pressure - mass concrete backfill 4 Figure 21 40 Seating
Rings
Pre-cast Concrete
Concrete

www.polypipewms.co.uk
94.20m Surround
Cover Slab

Attenuation storage volume 4 Figure 22 41

Geosynthetic
Vent encapsulating
pipe Polystorm Cells Polystorm Cells
Catchpit 1200
Concrete
Chamber surround
Nom.
300
Pipe bed Headwall
400

Required attenuation storage 4 11 42

& surround Min 100
800

I.L. I.L. 92.62m I.L. 92.59m I.L.

Hydrological rainfall zones for the UK 4 Figure 23 42

Ridgidrain
Typically Ridgidrain inlet Polystorm cell Either: discharge pipe
900 Sump Coarse sand
Class 6H selected
granular material
Base plate welded Pre-installed
(100% passing 5mm sieve)
base of chamber wall Vortex Unit

Long term storage volumes 4 12 43 Pre-fabricated Polypipe

Stormcheck Chamber

Typical silt trap 4 Figure 24 43

Polystorm Clip Polystorm Cells

Percolation test for designing a soakaway system 4 Figure 25 44

Percolation test for designing a soakaway system - worked example 4 Figure 26 45
400
Guidance on soakaway for single house development 4 13 46
400

Volumetric data per linear metre for one cell wide

4 14 46 500

trench configuration Polystorm

Shear Connector

Volumetric data for 3D usage - two cells high 4 15 47

400

Concrete Ring Conversion 4 16 47

1000

Polystorm structures and manifolds - typical arrangement 4 *Figure 27 48

Cross section view of typical arrangement 4 *Figure 28 48 Plan

Example of offline solution 4 *Figure 29 49

6 Example of offline solution 2 4 *Figure 30 49 Elevation End 7
DIMENSION GRID
 Overview 1.0

1.0 Overview
Polypipe Water Management Solutions
Overview
Part of the overall Polypipe Civils business, the Polypipe Water Management

Solutions (WMS) team includes some of the most talented Civil Engineers and Contents
Water Management Specialists within the industry to provide dedicated knowledge, Page

support and technical expertise for a wide range of sustainable drainage systems SUDS best practise & legislation 1.1 10 - 11

(SUDS) and water management projects. Drainage design - planning, cost effective techniques,
1.2 12 - 13
site evaluation, adoption and future maintenance

Today, the concept of sustainable water management is a major driver in the UK construction

industry. Planning Policy Statement 25 (PPS25) requires local planning authorities to institute policies

that enforce, wherever possible, the use of Sustainable Drainage Systems or SUDS. Combine this

with the Floods and Water Management Act and it becomes obvious that specifying the correct

sustainable drainage solution is vital.

Polypipe WMS are totally dedicated to focusing on

the legislative drivers and industry developments in

order to provide innovative, future proof sustainable

Water Management Solutions to our customers and

the UK construction industry.

8 9
 Overview 1.1

1.1 SUDS - sustainable drainage best practise

and building regulations

Sustainable drainage systems are an alternative to the traditional approach of 1.1.3 The Code for Sustainable Homes
The Building Regulations also provide guidance on the construction of rainwater Polypipe WMS
collecting stormwater in pipes and discharging it into treatment works or harvesting systems for the first time. The newly published Guidance Document provide the developer,

entitled ‘The Code for Sustainable Homes’ indicates the Government’s intentions both large and small, with
watercourses. SUDS best practice limits the flow of rainwater which runs off a site
to further drive developers towards building sustainable homes. flexible value engineered

or is piped away, protects local watercourses from the contamination carried in As well as covering energy efficiency, water usage and waste, the Code also
solutions which cater for
almost any site conditions
proposes a minimum standard for surface water management. This minimum
surface run-off, encourages natural groundwater recharge (where appropriate) and restraints.
standard will require peak run-off rates or annual run-off volumes of surface
and reduces the likelihood of downstream flooding. water to be no more than the original conditions of the site.

The challenge each developer faces on both greenfield and brownfield

developments is what to do with the excess run-off generated by a development
1.1.1 Building regulations which has to be retained in and around the site.

The Building Regulations Approved Document H3, Rainwater Drainage,

which came into effect on 1st April 2002, prioritises drainage requirements.
In short, it requires that rainwater from the roof of a building or from a paved
area may either be gathered for re-use in a rainwater tank or be discharged
into one of the following, listed in order:

(a) an adequate soakaway or some other adequate infiltration system;

or, where that is not reasonably practical,

(b) a watercourse; or, where that is not reasonably practical,

(c) a sewer.

In other words, the traditionally preferred method of rainwater disposal, i.e.

totally discharging to a sewer, may now only be considered after other forms
of re-use or drainage have been considered.

1.1.2 SUDS Best Practice CIRIA C697

The SUDS Manual, published by CIRIA 2007 (CIRIA C697) defines that a sustainable
urban drainage system should consider certain basic requirements, including:

• Run-off from a developed area should be no greater than the run-off

prior to development

• Run-off from a developed area should not result in any down-grading

of downstream watercourses or habitat

• Consideration should be given at the development feasibility stage to

water resource management and control in the developed area

• Run-off should replicate as far as possible the natural response of the

site to rainfall

SUDS best practice limits the flow of rainwater which runs off a site or
is piped away, protects local watercourses from contamination carried in
surface run-off, encourages natural groundwater recharge (where
appropriate) and reduces the likelihood of downstream flooding.
10 11
 Overview 1.2

1.2 Drainage design - planning, cost

effective techniques, site evaluation, adoption
and future maintenance
1.2.3 Cost effective techniques
SUDS incorporate cost-effective techniques that are applicable to a wide range
of schemes, from small developments to major residential, leisure, commercial
or industrial operations with large roof spaces and large hardstanding areas.
They can also be successfully retrofitted to existing developments. Planning
policy guidance on development and flood risk emphasises the role of SUDS
and introduces a general presumption that they will be used.

1.2.4 Site evaluation

As with other key considerations in the planning process - transport, landscape,
heritage and nature conservation - incorporating SUDS needs to be considered
early in the site evaluation and planning process, as well as at the detailed
design stage.

1.2.5 Floods & Water Management Act

Sir Michael Pitt completed his independent review of the 2007 flooding
Many authorities will expect planning applications, whether outline or emergency in June 2008, forming the catalyst for major legislative change.
The report proposed 92 recommendations to improve UK surface water
detailed, to demonstrate how a more sustainable approach to drainage management and has called for significant investment from the Government
in sustainable drainage techniques and flood management strategy.
is to be incorporated into development proposals.
The Floods and Water Management Act sets out a more joined-up approach to
flood risk prevention and management and has been developed to implement
Step 1 Assess the majority of the recommendations set out in the Pitt Review. It gives local
1.2.1 Key elements of Planning Policy Statement 25 authorities the lead role in managing local flood risk, as well as the responsibility
Step 2 Avoid (PPS25) for adopting and maintaining sustainable drainage schemes. This will then enable

Step 3 Substitute • Covers all types of flooding the Environment Agency to adopt a strategic overview role for all forms of flood
risk, including groundwater and surface water.
• Flooding considered at all stages of the planning process
Step 4 Control
• Risk-based sequential approach 1.2.6 Adoption and future maintenance
Step 5 Mitigate • Safe development of sustainable communities In the early stages of design, consideration should be given to the arrangements
for adoption and future maintenance of the system. This is likely to influence the
Step 4 requires planners to use SUDS
design just as much as technical considerations. For private, or non-adopted systems,
as a form of control for surface water.
maintenance will be the responsibility of the owner and future developments may
1.2.2 Planning
be affected by covenants. For systems serving more than one residential property
Planning authorities will set a limit to the rate of stormwater flow from a site via
it is recommended that maintenance should be the responsibility of a publicly
sewers as a condition of planning consent. In recognition of this, Local Planners
accountable body, which will often necessitate the payment of a commuted sum
increasingly state that all applications should, in the first instance, aim to
or a legal agreement, possibly backed by the deposit of a financial bond.
incorporate SUDS into development proposals. SUDS are also considered suitable
The adopting organisation should approve the design before construction.
for mitigating adverse impacts and supporting water conservation objectives.

12 13
 Products 2.0

2.0 Polystorm modular cell system

attenuation and soakaway solutions

Average UK temperatures are expected to rise by up to 3/5°C by 2080,

Products
resulting in a dramatic change in the seasonal distribution of rainfall and subsequent

weather patterns. The flooding witnessed during recent years is a clear indication Contents
that climate change is causing more frequent and extreme weather events and Page

innovative solutions are required to cope with increased pressure on our existing Polystorm modular cell system overview 2.1 16 - 17

drainage and water management networks. Polystorm Lite 2.2 18 - 19

Polystorm 2.3 20 - 21
Planning Policy Statement 25 - Development and flood risk
Polystorm hybrid construction 2.4 22 - 23
Planning Policy Statement 25 (PPS25) sets out Government policy on
development and flood risk. Its aim is to ensure that flood risk is taken into
account at all stages in the planning process to avoid inappropriate
development in areas at risk of flooding and to direct development away from
areas of highest risk. Where new development is exceptionally necessary in
such areas, policy aims to make it safe, without increasing flood risk elsewhere
and where possible, reducing flood risk overall.
Planning Policy Statement 25: Development and Flood Risk (PPS25), published in June 2008.

Polystorm modular solution

The Polystorm range of modular cells are designed to address the above
legislation on minimising flood risk. The cells retain large volumes of water
and fit together to create a modular underground water tank. The tank can
then be modified to be either an attenuation or soakaway solution.

14 15
 Products 2.1

2.1 Polystorm modular cell system -

three types of Polystorm cells

2.1.1 The Polystorm principles

The Polystorm range of modular cell systems are designed with a 95% void ratio 95% Void Ratio
to retain large volumes of water run-off. The Polystorm cells can be
designed and built to a specific size to a total void volume
requirement dependent upon the water run-off volumes
required on a particular project (i.e. car park, road or
building). The Polystorm range of water storage cells
are structurally strong, individual modular cells which
can be built up to form a structure of any shape
or size. The structure is wrapped in a non permeable, Polystorm Lite 20T Polystorm 40T
geomembrane which can receive rainwater collected
BBA
BRITISH BRITISH
BOARD OF BOARD OF
AGREMENT
from the roof gutter system or surface drains and either CERTIFICATE No. 06/4297
AGRÉMENT
CERTIFICATE No. 06/4297

releases the water within set discharge limits (attenuation) or, Polystorm Lite Polystorm
where soil conditions allow, be wrapped in a permeable geotextile
and slowly release the water back into the surrounding soil (soakaway).

There are three different types of

Key benefits Polystorm cells which are Polystorm
Lite, Polystorm and Polystorm Xtra.
• 95% void ratio: Providing greater water storage capacity
Each Polystorm cell type has a different
and reduced excavation and disposal costs
surface load specification. Polystorm
• Modular units: Allow flexibility of shape - ideal for shallow Clip modular cell
• Polystorm Lite is designed for use
For connecting cells
excavation systems, narrow strips or use in restricted areas
in landscaped pedestrian or other together horizontally

• Light weight yet robust: Excellent Health and Safety non-loaded applications
and installation benefits
• Polystorm is designed for use in
Shear connector
• Easy to handle: Unique rounded corners for ease of light trafficked and loaded For connecting cells
handling and reduces likelihood of punctures to membranes applications together vertically

• Cost effective: Especially when used as a hybrid, value The Polystorm Technical Manual is available
engineered system
to download at:
• Recyclable: 100% recyclable at the end of its useful life www.polypipewms.co.uk/downloads

• Range: Spans from 20 tonnes per square metre load bearing

capacity up to a maximum of 80 tonnes per square metre load
bearing capacity

• The range can be designed for non-trafficked, trafficked or

heavy trafficked applications

• Suitable for both attenuation and soakaway systems Pipe connection

location
• 50 year design life
• BBA Approved
• Hybrid Solutions

16 17
 Products 2.2

2.2 Polystorm Lite

0.5m

Polystorm Lite has been specifically designed for

non-trafficked applications. With a 20 tonne per square metre
0.5m
min compressive strength it will however take general maintenance
vehicles such as grass cutters. Polystorm Lite can be used for
0.4m
both attenuation and soakaway applications. The modular
1.99m structure receives rainwater collected from roofs or surface
drains ready to release within a set drainage limit. Polystorm

2.49m Lite can be used typically for landscaped areas, pedestrian or

public open spaces such as underneath playgrounds.
Figure 2

Polystorm Lite

1.0m Description Code Pack quantity

Polystorm Lite cell 1000 x 500 x 400mm PSM2 15

Polystorm Lite flow control unit PSMFC160/30 1

Brick bond shear connector PSMBBSC 30

Figure 1 Clips PSMCLIP 60

Shear connector PSMSC 30

EN1401 flange adaptor - 110mm PSMFA110 1

Technical specification overview Ridgidrain flange adaptor - 150mm PSMFA150 1 Note: Minimum cover and burial depths
Designed for use may vary depending on load and ground
Unit type Polystorm Lite EN1401 flange adaptor - 160mm PSMFA160 1
in landscaped, conditions. Please contact Polypipe WMS
for further information. All grades of
pedestrian or Product code PSM2* Basic silt trap PSMST160 1
Polystorm units may be used in situations
other non-loaded Dimensions 1m x 0.5m x 0.4m high Advanced silt trap - 15 litres/sec PSMSTA160/15 1 outside of those recommended above,

applications with Total volume 0.2m per cube Mini silt trap for Polystorm Lite PSMST110 1
through the use of the appropriate
protective measures designed to reduce
a load bearing the imposed loading on the proposed
Unit weight 7kgs** Cover & frame (round) UG501 1
capacity of: Polystorm structures.

Cube storage volume 0.19m³ (190 litres) Cover & frame (square) UG502 1
20 tonnes Surface area 55% perforated 450mm silt trap lid & frame UG512 1

Compressive strength Maximum 20 tonnes per sq metre 460mm lockable plastic cover & frame UG511 1

Maximum burial depth 2.5m*** Polypropylene cover & frame ICDC1 1

* Each unit includes 4 clips and 2 shear connectors. Please note that brick bond connector may be Chamber riser section ICDR1 1
required at additional cost.
Silt trap sealing ring UG488 1
** Pallet weight dependent upon order quantity and transport type.

*** In weak clay soil conditions the maximum burial depth is 1.5 metres. Polystorm Lite should not Table 2
be installed below the water table.

Table 1

18 19
 Products 2.3

2.3 Polystorm

0.5m

0.6m
min Polystorm features individual modular cells that can be built up
to form a load-bearing tank structure of any shape or size to
receive rainwater collected from the gutter system or surface
drains ready to release within a set discharge limit. Polystorm
0.4m 3.1m has a 40 tonne per square metre compressive strength and is
ideally suited for light trafficked and loaded applications.
Polystorm can be used for both attenuation and soakaway

3.7m applications and typically for housing developments, small

car parks and light commercial developments.
Figure 4

Polystorm

1.0m Description Code Pack quantity

Polystorm cell 1000 x 500 x 400mm PSM1 15

Polystorm cell with 225mm connector PSMCRD225 1

Polystorm cell with 300mm connector PSMCRD300 1

Figure 3
Brick bond shear connector PSMBBSC 30

Clips PSMCLIP 60

Shear connector PSMSC 30

Technical specification overview EN1401 flange adaptor - 110mm PSMFA110 1 Note: Minimum cover and burial depths
Designed for use may vary depending on load and ground
Ridgidrain flange adaptor - 150mm PSMFA150 1
in trafficked and Unit type Polystorm conditions. Please contact Polypipe WMS
for further information. All grades of
loaded applications Product code PSM1* EN1401 flange adaptor - 160mm PSMFA160 1
Polystorm units may be used in situations
with a load bearing Dimensions 1m x 0.5m x 0.4m high Basic silt trap PSMST160 1 outside of those recommended above,

capacity of: Advanced silt trap - 15 litres/sec PSMSTA160/15 1

through the use of the appropriate
Total volume 0.2m per cube protective measures designed to reduce

40 tonnes Unit weight 9kgs** Cover & frame (round) UG501 1

the imposed loading on the proposed
Polystorm structures.

Cube storage volume 0.19m³ (190 litres) Cover & frame (square) UG502 1

Surface area 48% perforated 450mm silt trap lid & frame UG512 1

Compressive strength Maximum 40 tonnes per sq metre 460mm lockable plastic cover & frame UG511 1

Maximum burial depth 3.7 metres*** Polypropylene cover & frame ICDC1 1

* Each unit includes 4 clips and 2 shear connectors. Please note that brick bond connector may be Chamber riser section ICDR1 1
required at additional cost.
Silt trap sealing ring UG488 1
** Pallet weight dependent upon order quantity and transport type.

*** In weak clay soil conditions the maximum burial depth is reduced, please consult Polypipe WMS Table 4
Technical Team on 01509 615100.

Table 3

20 21
 Products 2.4

2.4 Hybrid - Polystorm range of modular cells

creating a cost-effective hybrid construction

The following illustrations indicate maximum burial depths for Hybrid Solution
Polystorm Lite and Polystorm modular cell systems.
VALUE ENGINEERED STRUCTURES

Polystorm Lite and Polystorm POLYSTORM Lite

POLYSTORM

Pedestrian

POLYSTORM Lite POLYSTORM

20 tonnes 40 tonnes

Pedestrian Light Traffic

0.5m min

1.99m

3.2m

0.5m 0.6m
min min

2.49m*
1.99m 3.7m*
3.1m
Figure 7

Figure 5

Figure 6 Value engineered structures

Polypipe are the only manufacturer who can offer a complete value engineered hybrid system utilising
Polystorm Lite or Polystorm cells to create a bespoke solution based on the load requirements and burial
Note: * Based on ground conditions being dense sand and gravel.
depths for any given project.
Minimum cover and burial depths may vary depending on load and ground conditions.
Please contact Polypipe WMS for further information. All grades of Polystorm units may be used in situations When integrated as a hybrid structure, a complete value engineered solution can be adopted for any given project.
outside of those recommended above, through the use of the appropriate protective measures, designed to To reduce costs, it’s possible to construct a hybrid tank, which contains all types of cells, the stronger Polystorm cells
reduce the imposed loading on the proposed Polystorm structures. at the bottom and Polystorm Lite cells at the top. For further details contact Polypipe WMS technical support team.
Refer to tables 8, 9 and 10 (page 39) for burial depths in different soil conditions.

22 23
 Testing and certification 3.0

3.0 Testing and certification -

laboratory testing and protocol

At Polypipe WMS we pride ourselves on providing a consistently high level

Testing and certification
of product quality. All our products undergo stringent testing and quality control

and where possible, are covered by third party certification. Our manufacturing Contents
processes are also accredited to ISO 9001:2008. There are two quality control
Page
labs in operation 12 hours a day. Testing and certification 3.1 26 - 27

Summary of test results 3.2 28 - 29

24 25
 Testing and certification 3.1

3.1 Testing and certification

As a manufacturer of plastic below-ground water management products, Polypipe 3.1.2 Test protocol Polystorm cell; direction of applied load and platen
location
Laboratory testing to determine the structural performance
WMS invests heavily in British Board of Agrément (BBA) approval and is a supporter of the Polystorm cells has followed the protocol agreed
y-axis
500mm
with the British Board of Agrément (BBA). Direct loading
of the criteria used to assess each product. By achieving BBA approval, Polypipe WMS
tests were carried out on single cells. Individual cells were
can pass on to our customers confidence in the performance of all our products. load tested until failure (i.e. the point at which they could
400mm
not sustain further load).

Tests were carried out along two axes (Figure 9).

x-axis

• Vertical compression test; with load applied down the

y-axis, via a 300mm ø platen, at two positions (Figure 10) 1000mm
a) Unit axes; direction of applied load
• Vertical compression test; with load applied down the
y-axis via a platen covering the full area of the cellular
unit (0.5 x 1.0m) Figure 9 Unit axis; direction of applied load

• Lateral compression test; with load applied along the

x-axis via a platen covering the full area of cellular 1000
1000mm
Full face unit (0.4 x 1.0m). A simultaneous restraining load,
load platen
representing the vertical load that may be expected
at the units recommended maximum burial depth,
00
500 Ø3
was also applied 500mm

Restraining Creep tests were carried out on single Polystorm cells

‘clamping’ load for a minimum period of 90 days.
applied in the Load platten Position 1 Load platten Position 2
opposite axis
• Vertical creep test; with a constant load applied down
the y-axis, via a 300mm ø platten at position (Figure 9). Figure 10 Position of load platens; point load resistance
Figure 8 Compression test rig
The applied test load was equivalent to 75% of the
vertical compressive design load; with the design load
Increasingly new products are being introduced within the UK water management calculated by applying an appropriate material factor
markets with no independent approvals. This can create potential issues for product of safety (2.75 recommended by CIRIA) to the lowest
specifications unsupported by independent testing and assessment and may not vertical compressive yield test result
Digital gauge
correlate with the performance parameters of the product. BBA approved products
offer our customers a safety net and further reassurances that the product will Steel framework

perform in-line with our claims when installed in accordance with the BBA certificate.

3.1.1 Laboratory testing

Laboratory testing to determine the structural performance of the Polystorm Weight
cells were carried out in accordance with the laboratory protocol provided by the
British Board of Agrément (BBA) for products of this type. Direct compression tests
were conducted at Polypipe’s research and development laboratory in accordance
Load support
with ISO 9001:2008 to determine the vertical and lateral strength of the Polystorm plate
cells. Vertical creep tests were undertaken at the UKAS accredited Berry and
Hayward laboratory.

Figure 11 Creep test rig

26 27
 Testing and certification 3.2

3.2 Summary of test results

3.2.1 Unit specifications

Technical data of Polystorm Lite and Polystorm cells
Figure 12 shows the dimensions of Polystorm Lite cells.
Polystorm Lite Polystorm
Figure 13 shows the dimensions of the Polystorm cells.
Unit dimensions (nom) (mm) 1000 x 500 x 400 1000 x 500 x 400
Table 5 shows the technical data for Polystorm Lite and Polystorm cells.
Unit volume (nom) (m3) 0.2 0.2
0.5m
Storage volume (nom) (m3) 0.19 0.19

Porosity (void ratio) (%) 95 95

Perforation of surface area (%) 55 48

Weight (kg) 7 9

0.4m Ultimate compressive strength at yield

(kN/m2)(1) : Vertical loading on top face 200 440
Lateral loading on side face 40 63

Short vertical loading on top side

1 per 43 1 per 83
face (kN/m2)

Estimated long-term deflection (2) (Ln) (3) 0.773 0.2796

Max burial depth (m)* 2.5m 3.7m

(1) = Applied load (2) = At up to 20 years @ 20°C @ 127kN/m2 load (Polystorm) (3) = Time in hours
(2) = At up to 20 years @ 20°C @ 54kN/m2 load (Polystorm Lite)
1.0m * Maximum burial depth dependant upon soil conditions, see page 39 for further details.
Table 5

3.2.2 Durability
Figure 12 Dimensions of Polystorm Lite cell
When installed in accordance with Polypipe WMS recommendations, the
0.5m
design life of Polystorm Lite and Polystorm cells exceeds 50 years. Please refer
to BBA certificate.

3.2.3 Chemical resistance

Polystorm Lite and Polystorm cells are suitable for use in contact with chemicals
0.4m likely to be found in rainwater. They are also resistant to all compounds occurring
naturally in soils. For guidance on using Polystorm cells in contaminated ground,
contact Polypipe WMS technical support team.

1.0m

Figure 13 Dimensions of Polystorm cell

28 29
 Design protocol 4.0

4.0 Design protocol

Design protocol
Contents
Page

Detail design protocol 4.1 32 - 35

Distributed loads 4.2 36

Lateral loading calculation example 4.3 37 - 38

Maximum burial depths 4.4 39

Polypipe WMS provide a full in-house design facility. Upon consultation our team Special measures 4.5 40

of designers and technical advisors will guide you as to the best solution for your Hydraulic design 4.6 41

individual situation considering timescales and costs. Hydrological rainfall 4.7 42 - 43

Soakaway design 4.8 44 - 47

General layouts 4.9 48 - 49

30 31
 Design protocol 4.1

4.1 Detail design protocol 4.1.2 Limit state design, 4.1.3 Industry standards,
4.1.1 Structural design 4.1.4 Factors of safety

4.1.1 Structural design 4.1.2 Limit state design 4.1.3 Industry standards
When designing plastic geocellular structure for soakaway or attenuation tanks care has to be taken to ensure In the design of any load carrying system, there needs to There are currently no design standards or guides specific
the finished system is safe to carry the loads they will be subject to. The diagram below outlines a safe route to be factors of safety to allow for any variation in either to generic modular plastic stormwater tanks, with each
the design and installation of Polystorm modular stormwater tanks. the applied load or cellular unit strength. Limit state manufacturer within the marketplace providing their
design does not use a single overall factor of safety; the own guidelines that tend to be specific to their own cells.
method looks at ‘limit states’ and applies partial factors However, a generic design method has been developed
Applied loads Partial factors of safety of safety to the various design parameters depending on that can be applied to most types of cells, using basic
• Distributed • On material properties the consequences of the limit state being exceeded. In structural design theory and relevant British Standards. In
• Concentrated • On loads the case of Polystorm drainage tanks the two limit states particular the loading on plastic tanks may be considered
• Traffic • Follow BPF and to be considered are: to be the same as a buried concrete or steel tank and so
• Backfill CIRIA guidance the loads and partial factors of safety for loads have been
• Stockpiles
• Ultimate limit state (ULS)
taken from the following:
This is when the strength of the cell is exceeded
• Earth pressure
by the applied loads and the tank collapses. This is 1. British Standards Institution (1997). British Standard
• Construction traffic
obviously serious and the partial factors of safety BS8110, Part 1: 1997; Structural use of concrete:
• Cranes
used in this assessment are chosen to ensure there Code of practice for design and construction. BSI
• Uplift
is a negligible risk of a collapse occurring.
2. British Standards Institution (1996). British Standard
• Serviceability limit state (SLS) BS 6399: Part 1: 1996: British Standard Loadings for
This considers the operational behaviour of a tank Buildings. Part 1 Code of Practice for dead and
Analysis
to ensure that the installation remains serviceable. imposed loads. BSI
Laboratory testing • Failure
For the structural calculations this means that
• Ultimate compressive • Deflection (movement The only available guidance relating to plastic materials
deflections are not excessive and do not cause
strength at yield under load) in similar situations to buried cellular tanks is that
damage to overlying surfaces (such as asphalt) or
• Deflection parameters • Creep for plastic geosynthetics in soil strengthening and
cause a significant reduction in the storage volume of
• Creep • Flotation reinforcement. The information in the following British
the tank. The Polystorm Lite cell is recommended for
Figure 14 Standard has been used as a guide to the choice of
use in landscaped areas, where deflections would
partial material factors used for the design:
have a negligible effect. SLS would therefore not play
a significant role in Polystorm Lite structural design. 1. British Standards Institution (1995). British Standard
Listed below are the four main reasons for failure of the system:
BS8006: 1995; Code of practice for strengthened/
1 Structural failure or collapse - when the structure cannot support the reinforced soils and other fills. BSI
applied loads.

2 Excessive deflection or movement when vehicles passing over the tank 4.1.4 Factors of safety
cause movement and the surface above may crack or displace.
To ensure that the risk of exceeding the limit states is

3 Creep - excessive movement or loss of strength over a period of time minimal, factors of safety are applied to the cellular unit’s
which can occur under a constant load. ultimate compressive strength and to any applied loads;
these are known as partial factors of safety.
4 Flotation: Constructing a tank below the groundwater table can
create uplift.

32 33
 Design protocol 4.1

4.1.5 Material factors 4.1.6 Applied loads and load factors

4.1.5 Material factors ƒm12 4.1.6 Applied loads and load factors
The ultimate compressive strength of the Polystorm cells This is applied to take account of the extrapolation of creep Loads that may be imposed on a cellular storage structure such as Polystorm,
has been obtained from laboratory testing on samples. test data. It is also used in the case of the Polystorm cells to can be broken down into the following types:
To take account of other factors such as variations due to allow for the absence of fatigue testing. A suggested value
manufacturing processes, variability and uncertainties in of ƒm12 is given by Ingoldv = Log (td/tt) where td = design
• Dead Loads
Permanent loads applied to the cells, including the weight of backfill
material strength (e.g. due to extrapolation of data), life, tt is duration of creep test. This gives a value for the ULS,
material placed over the top and lateral (horizontal) earth and water
damage during installation and environmental effects, with a design life of 20 years, of ƒm12 = 1.9. Although the
pressure loads acting on the side of the system.
a design strength is derived by dividing the cell’s cells will be under compressive loads and appear to fail in
characteristic strength by a material partial factor of compression at the internal columns, they are complex • Live Loads

safety (ƒm), appropriate to the material and limit state. structures. Some of the elements will be acting in tension Loads due to pedestrian, vehicle and construction traffic that are not

There is no guidance on the choice of material factors and when polypropylene is subject to creep under long term permanent. Traffic wheel loads are normally given as static loads, with

for plastic storage tanks. tensile loads it can lose strength over time. Therefore the a factor applied to allow for dynamic effects (a moving wheel will impose

values taken from reinforced earth applications are more force on the ground than a static one).
Partial material factors of safety: considered reasonable. For serviceability, which is not so
A design load is obtained by applying a partial factor of safety to the estimated
Polystorm Lite & Polystorm critical, a value of 1.25 is adopted.
characteristic load. This allows for unforeseen variations of loading and also the
Limit state ƒm severity of the consequences of the limit state occurring. The loads on cellular
Ultimate limit state 2.75
ƒm21 units will be similar to loads applied in the design of structures using rigid

Serviceability limit state 1.5 This is applied to take account of damage during installation. materials such as concrete and therefore the partial safety factors for loads that
The Polystorm cells are robust and not particularly susceptible are appropriate to the design of plastic storage systems are taken from British
Table 6
to damage and therefore, in the absence of specific damaged Standard BS 8110.
The partial factor ƒm is made up of several components:
strength testing, a factor of 1.1 for the ULS and 1.0 for the
SLS has been used.
ƒm11 Partial factors of safety for applied loads
This is applied to the characteristic strength of Polystorm.
ƒm22 Imposed vertical Imposed earth Imposed
It covers possible reductions in strength from the control Limit state dead load pressure dead load live load
This is applied to take account of environmental ƒm ƒm ƒm
test specimens and inaccuracies in the assessment of the
conditions. The polypropylene used in the manufacture
resistance of a structural element resulting from Ultimate
of the Polystorm units is resistant to all contaminants that are 1.40 1.40 1.60
modelling errors. For tightly controlled Polystorm limit state
naturally found in soil and rainwater. No specific test results
production ƒm11 would normally be between 1.05 and
are available and so a value of ƒm22 for both ULS and SLS of Serviceability
1.1. Because a limited number of compression tests have
1.1 has been adopted; which is the minimum value limit state 1.0 1.0 1.0
been undertaken on the Polystorm cells in addition to (Polystorm only)
recommended for reinforced earth applications by Ingoldv.
this property not being measured as part of the quality
With the total value of ƒm = ƒm11 x ƒm12 x ƒm21 x ƒm21 Table 7
control program, a conservative value has been adopted.
Compression tests were undertaken at points judged by Therefore, for the following limit state, ƒm will equate to: Thermal expansion of the cells will be negligible because temperature variations

inspection to be the weakest however the cell is a that are likely to occur in the ground should not be significant. These loads are
Ultimate limit state: Serviceability limit state:
complex three dimensional structure, therefore an therefore not considered in this design.
1.2 x 1.9 x 1.1 x 1.1 = 2.75 1.1 x 1.25 x 1.0 x 1.1 = 1.5
allowance must be made for this. In view of the
The use of conservative factors also allows for synergistic
preceding factors and the conservative choice of design
effects (i.e. the combined effect of construction damage,
parameters already undertaken, a value of ƒm11= 1.20
environmental effects and lower than expected cell strength)
has been adopted for the ULS and 1.1 for the SLS. This
that may result in a greater combined effect than the three
can be reviewed if the compressive strength is measured
factors acting individually. These factors are only applicable
as part of the manufacturing quality control procedure.
for temperate climate conditions such as in the UK. Although
the strength of polypropylene varies with temperature, this
will not be significant for installation in the UK where the
temperature in the ground (at the typical depth of
installation) remains between 0°C and 20°C with a mean
value of around 10°C.
34 35
 Design protocol 4.2/4.3

4.2 Distributed loads 4.3 Lateral loading - calculation example

4.2.1 Example of calculation methods Check creep (serviceability limit state) 4.3.1 Check deflection (serviceability limit state) The groundwater is below the base of the tank.
Long term creep deflection = 0.2794Ln (design life in hours). In this case we are interested in the continuous and Allow for a 10kN/m² surcharge.
The structural design of the cells needs to consider a
For a load less than 100kPa. repeated deflections under wheel loads only. To allow for load distribution on the side of the tank,
number of different loads and their effects.
So if design life is 20 years Partial factor on load = 1.0. the design uses the earth pressure at a depth of 0.25m
What load is applied to the tank?
Creep = 0.2794 Ln (20 x 365 x 24) = 3.4mm. Applied pressure from wheel (above) is 26.6kPa. above the base of the tank.
1. Dead (permanent) loads such as the weight of soil
What load is applied to the tank? Design pressure = 26.6 x 1.0 = 26.6kPa. Therefore; Design depth = 2.5 – 0.25 = 2.25m.
placed over the top of the cells or long term stockpiles
3. Concentrated loads for example those from: Deflection of Polystorm = 1mm per 83kPa load.
of containers or materials (anything that will be For an angle of friction of 34° the coefficient of active

applying load for a lengthy period of time).

• Wheels of cars or trucks Partial factor of safety = 1.5.
earth pressure is 0.282.
• Container feet So elastic deflection of Polystorm = 26.6 x 1.5/83 = 0.5mm.
2. Surcharge loads. From stored materials or to allow
• Construction vehicles This will be repeated each time a wheel passes over the
for traffic.
• Crane spreader plates or legs tank. This is acceptable for an asphalt pavement.
How is this analysed? 35kN
How is this analysed? Lateral load
The weight of the fill material is calculated from the depth is applied
The load from the wheel is spread out through the to cells
of soil and its cell weight. The traffic loads that are typically Concentrated load
soil or pavement materials over the top of the tank. from wheels
used are: Car Parks - 2.5kPa. HGV Loading - 10kPa.
The heavier the load the greater the thickness of material Wheel load is
Example: 1.5m cover depth over the top of Polystorm distributed through
that is required over the top of the tank. However there 1.2m fill and reduced
- Car Park. pressure is applied
is a practical minimum of about 0.5m in most cases to to cells
Design against collapse (ultimate limit state) avoid damage to the tank during installation and Lateral load
Weight of soil = 1.5m x 20kN/m3. from earth,
after construction. water pressure
Partial factor of safety = 1.4. and surcharge
Example: above cell Figure 17
Surcharge = 2.5 kPa, Partial factor of safety = 1.6.
Polystorm is to be used under a car park that may be
Total design load = (1.5 x 20 x 1.4) + (2.5 x 1.6) = 46kPa.
occasionally crossed by delivery trucks or refuse collection Figure 16
Polystorm ultimate compressive strength at yield = 440kPa. Design against collapse (ultimate limit state)
lorries (maximum gross vehicle weight 31,000 kg).
Partial factor of safety = 2.75. Partial factor of safety for earth pressure = 1.35.
Polystorm is covered by 1.2m of Type 1 sub-base and
Design strength of Polystorm = 440/2.75 = 160kPa. What load is applied to the tank?
asphalt pavement construction. Partial factor of safety for earth pressure = 1.5.
Design strength is greater than factored loads so the 4. Earth and groundwater pressure from the
Design against collapse (ultimate limit state) The applied pressure from the soil is given by;
design is ok. surrounding ground. Note that account must be
Load from wheel = 35kN. Applied pressure =
taken of sloping ground, pre-existing shear planes
Assume contact patch is 0.135m by 0.275m. 0.282 x 2.25m x 20kN/m³ x 1.35 + 0.282 x 10kN/m³ x 1.5.
and groundwater. If in doubt obtain expert advice
Distributed load from
Trucks will be moving slowly but turning therefore Applied pressure = 21.4kN/m².
weight of fill and from Polypipe WMS technical support team.
surcharge above unit dynamic factor = 1.5. Polystorm ultimate strength at yield for lateral
How is this analysed?
Cover depth of soil is 1.2m and assume a 26.6° load spread. loading = 63kN/m².
The earth pressure applied to the side of the tank by the
Distributed load Contact area on top of tank is: Material partial factor of safety = 2.75.
is spread out over soil and groundwater. The weaker the soil the greater
all the units at the 0.275 + 1.2 by 0.135 + 1.2 = 1.97m2. Design strength = 63/2.75 = 22.9kN/m².
same pressure
the pressure it applies to the side of the tank. Water also
Applied pressure from wheel is 35 x 1.5/1.97 = 26.6kPa.
applies pressure to the side of a tank. The calculations This is greater than the applied load and so it is acceptable.
Factor of safety = 1.6
are based on standard earth pressure theory. Deflections can be estimated using the same approach as for
and factored pressure = 26.6 x 1.6 = 42.6kPa.
Example the vertical loads with a partial load factor of 1.0 in all cases.
Pressure from soil is 1.2m x 20kN/m3 = 24kPa.
The bottom of a modular tank is located 2.5m below Note: Where groundwater is present the submerged density
Figure 15
Factor of safety = 1.4
ground level. The excavation is surrounded by medium must be used to calculate the earth pressure on the side of
and factored pressure = 24 x 1.4 = 33.6kPa.
Check deflection (serviceability limit state) dense sand and gravel with an angle of friction of 34°. the tank from the soils below the groundwater table.
Total pressure = 42.6 + 33.6 = 76.2kPa.
Partial factor on load = 1.0.
As in previous example design strength of
Design load = (1.5 x 20 x 1.0) + (2.5 x 1.0) = 32.5kPa.
Polystorm = 160Kpa and this is greater than the applied
Deflection of Polystorm = 1mm per 83kPa load.
load and so it is acceptable.
Partial factor of safety = 1.5.
So elastic deflection of Polystorm = 32.5 x 1.5/83 = 0.6mm.
Most of the deflection is due to the permanent load and
so it will be acceptable.
36 37
 Design protocol 4.3/4.4

4.3 Lateral loading - calculation example 4.4 Maximum burial depths

What load is applied to the tank? 4.4.1 Recommended maximum installation depths
5. Uplift pressure from groundwater of the tank is constructed below
Polystorm Lite and Polystorm cells can be buried to the maximum depths detailed below. Actual maximum burial depths
the groundwater table.
will depend on soil conditions applicable, however in some circumstances both Polystorm Lite and Polystorm can be buried
How is this analysed? to greater depths when special measures are carried out. For examples of such measures please refer to page 40.
A tank is constructed 1m below the groundwater table and has a soil cover over
the top of 0.8m.
Polystorm Lite - maximum depth of installation (to base of cells) (m)
Will uplift occur?
Typical angle Without groundwater With groundwater at 1m below
Design against floatation Typical soil type of shearing (below base of cells) ground level and units wrapped
resistance φ normal case in geomembrane
Uplift pressure equals weight of water displaced by tank.
Partial factor safety on uplift force = 1.5. Non-trafficked Non-trafficked

Uplift pressure = 1 x 10 x 1.5 = 15kN/m². Stiff over consolidated clay

24 1.49 1.41
e. g. London Clay
Weight of soil resisting uplift
Normally consolidated silty sandy
26 1.60 1.48
Partial factor of safety = 0.95. clay e.g. Alluviun, Made Ground
Weight = 0.8 x 20 x 0.95 = 15.2kN/m².
Loose sand and gravel 30 1.77 1.60
The weight of soil is sufficient to present uplift.
Note: An assessment would need to be made of the risk of ground levels being Medium dense sand and gravel 33 2.05 1.69
reduced or groundwater levels rising after completion of construction.
Dense sand and gravel 38 2.49 1.83

Table 8

Weight of soil above

cell resists uplift
Polystorm - maximum depth of installation (to base of cells) (m)
Typical angle Without groundwater With groundwater at 1m below
Uplift load is applied to Typical soil type of shearing (below base of cells) ground level and units wrapped
units below ground water resistance φ normal case in geomembrane
Trafficked Trafficked
Non-trafficked Non-trafficked
(cars only) (cars only)
Stiff over consolidated clay
24 2.1 2.2 1.5 1.6
e. g. London Clay
Normally consolidated silty sandy
26 2.3 2.4 1.5 1.6
clay e.g. Alluviun, Made Ground

Figure 18 Loose sand and gravel 30 2.5 2.7 1.6 1.7

Medium dense sand and gravel 33 3.0 3.1 1.7 1.7

Dense sand and gravel 38 3.7 3.8 1.8 1.8

Table 9

Polystorm Lite & Polystorm - minimum cover levels ( to top of cells) (m)
Field
Live load conditions Light trafficking (Polystorm only)
(Polystorm Lite & Polystorm)
Car park with vehicle mass Car park with occasional
<2500kg vehicle mass >2500kg

Minimum cover depth

0.50 0.60 0.80
required (m)

Table 10

Please note that the maximum burial depths above are based on the partial factors of safety derived during consultation
with the British Board of Agrément (BBA) prior to the publication of CIRIA C680. The BBA has used higher partial factors
of safety than CIRIA C680. For further information of the design method detailed in CIRIA C680 please contact our

38 technical support team.

39
 Design protocol 4.5/4.6

4.5 Special measures - relieving earth 4.6 Hydraulic design

pressure for deeper installations

4.5.1 Special measures 4.6.1 Hydraulic design Polystorm can be used to provide attenuation, long term

Hydraulic design calculations provide the storage volume storage and can be designed into systems that provide
The earth pressure at the design depth for the tank may exceed the lateral strength of Polystorm Lite and
required on any particular site that is required to reduce interception storage (e.g. soakaways or below swales or
Polystorm cells (once it has been factored down). If this is the case there are a number of solutions:
the speed, frequency and volume of rainfall run-off into infiltration basins). The SUDS manual also requires
1. Redesign the drainage system to make the invert of the tank shallower.
rivers or sewers. The required volume depends on the site treatment of pollution in run-off and Polystorm can help
2. Place the cells in a stepped configurations where the tank gets wider from the base to the top (Figure 19).
location, the size of the area being drained, the soil these treatment systems work more effectively by
3. Reinforce the lower part of the backfill with geogrids (Figure 20).
infiltration rate (for soakaways) or allowable discharge controlling the flow of water through them (for example by
4. Use mass concrete backfill in the lower part of the backfill (Figure 21).
rate (for attenuations systems). providing attenuation storage upstream of a wetland). The
exact design requirements for any site should be agreed
Reducing lateral pressure on a Polystorm Tank The design of SUDS should follow the requirements in
with the Environment Agency.
the CIRIA Report C 697 The SUDS Manual.
This identifies three types of storage that are required:
4.6.2 Design of attenuation storage
• Interception storage - this is not actually storage -
The volume of Polystorm required for attenuation storage
the aim is to reduce the frequency of run-off and
Fill needs to is typically calculated using drainage design software
be very compact prevent run-off from sites for rainfall events up to
based on the Wallingford Procedure. The volume of
to avoid settlement 5mm in order to simulate the behaviour of
whch can cause temporary run-off storage required is shown in Figure 22
crushing on edge greenfield catchments more closely. This is achieved
and is simply the difference between the volume of
of boxes using infiltration or source control methods where
Build out layers to reduce 45°
run-off that enters the tank during a design storm and the
pressure on lower layer evapotranspiration can reduce the volume of run-off.
volume of water that is allowed to flow out in the same
Figure 19 • Attenuation storage - used to reduce the peak period (which is governed by the discharge rate allowed
discharge rate from a site (i.e. how fast water flows by the regulators). In this way Polystorm can be used to
off the site) and is used to store excess water where limit the peak rate of run-off from a site (usually to the
the rate of discharge is limited to greenfield run-off greenfield run-off rate). The calculations are completed
Maximum rates (or other agreed rate). It is designed to operate
allowable for a range of return periods and durations.
depth for a range of annual probabilities (typically 1 in

Unreinforced 30 years and 1 in 100 years). Attenuation storage volume

soil backfill
• Long term storage - used to reduce the additional Inflow Restricted outlet -
volume of run-off caused by developments. Stores rate of outflow is lower
Reinforced soil than rate of inflow
backfill designed to excess water that is the difference in total volume of
be self supporting
Reinforced soil backfill run-off between the developed and greenfield site Outflow

for a 1 in 100 year 6 hour rainfall event. Outflow from

Figure 20
the long term storage should be to either infiltration
Total volume of Total volume of
or to a water course or sewer at 2 l/s/ha or less. run-off entering run-off leaving
tank during tank during
rainfall event rainfall event

Maximum
allowable
depth

Soil backfill
= –

Total storage volume = Inflow – Outflow

Mass concrete
backfill designed to Figure 22
be self supporting
Mass concrete backfill

Figure 21

40 41
 Design protocol 4.7

4.7 Hydrological rainfall

4.7.1 Hydrological rainfall Example of Polystorm sizing for attenuation storage The attenuation storage is provided by Polystorm that
zones for the UK Site in London has an impermeable area as follows: has a volume of 86m³ and the flow out of this is
20mm 17mm 14mm
(HR Wallingford, Use of SUDS in high 1200m² roof area restricted to 7 l/s/ha.
0.4
density developments, defining hydraulic 1475m² car park and other areas Assume the site is over Soil type 3.
0.3
performance criteria, Report SR 640,
Therefore the total impermeable area = 2675m². From Table 12 the long term storage required is 130m³/ha
December 2003). 0.2
Assume the required return period for the drainage design So required long term storage on this site
The table below can be used to size a is 1 in 100 years as agreed with the Environment Agency. = 130 x 2675/10000 = 34.7m³
Polystorm tank. The tables are based From Table 11 London is in the region where Redistribution of storage requirements gives:
on the hydrological rainfall regions Ms-60=20mm ad r=0.4. Attenuation storage tank = 136.4 – 34.7
shown on the map.
Therefore from the table the volume of the Polystorm = 101.7m³ with an outflow of 1.2 l/s
The tables are based on the following tank required is 510m³/ha. Long term storage tank = 34.7m³ with an outflow of 0.4 l/s
assumptions: Required attenuation storage on this site
= 510 x 2675/10000 = 136.4m³. 4.7.2 Siltation
• Storage is provided for development
The drainage system upstream of Polystorm tanks should
design events of 1 in 30 years, Design of long term storage
be designed so that silt and other debris is removed from
1 in 100 years and 1 in 100 years plus Long term storage can be designed using the volumes in
the run-off and is prevented from entering the tank. This
20% increase for climate change CIRIA C697 The SUDS manual and these are summarised
can be achieved using silt traps, permeable pavement or
but the greenfield run-off rate is in the table below.
other methods. Polystorm can be used below basins and
always considered to be 5 l/s/ha
swales to provide underdrainage. This has the advantage
Long term storage volumes (CIRA C697)
• Time of entry and time of of preventing silt entering the tank but also makes the
concentration within the drainage Soil type (from maps in Wallingford swale more effective at removing pollution and makes it
Storage volume
Procedure for Europe of Flood
system is not considered (m3/ha) more aesthetically pleasing by keeping the base dry. If silt
Figure 23 Studies Report)
does enter the Polystorm tanks it may be difficult to
• 100% run-off is assumed 1 320
remove. However after a site is completed the level of silt
2 180
entering the tank is relatively small on most sites. It is
Required attenuation storage (m3 of storage per Ha of impermeable area) 3 130
simple to make an allowance for loss of storage due to
1 in 100 year event plus 4 60
r 1 in 30 year design event 1 in 100 year event siltation and the tank can be over designed by the amount
20% climate change
5 20 (typically a 10% increase in tank size will deal with any
Ms-60 = 20mm 0.4 357 510 643
siltation over a 50 year period). Off line tanks are less
Table 12
0.3 413 583 749 prone to siltation because the low flows (which contain
The discharge rate for the long term storage is 2 l/s/ha or
0.2 556 770 968 most of the silt) bypass the tank. Soakaways are very
to infiltration (soakaway).
Ms-60 = 17mm 0.4 293 419 5.45 prone to siltation if upstream treatment is not provided to
The long term storage is part of the attenuation storage remove silt. It is critical that silt from the construction site
0.3 335 483 631
but it is normally located in a separate tank that is restricted is not allowed to enter the Polystorm tank.
0.2 444 637 822 to an outflow of 2 l/s/ha. Alternatively one large tank can
Typical silt trap
Ms-60 = 40mm 0.3 258 383 511 be fitted with an outlet control that achieves the different Cover and frame Concrete surround

0.2 335 500 665 discharge criteria for the different storage volumes.

Example of Polystorm sizing for long term storage 150mm

Table 11 806 side fill

As for the previous example consider a site in London

Note: Volumes include allowance for 95% void ratio of Polystorm.
which has an impermeable area as follows: 160mm
Polystorm has a void ratio of 95% (i.e. for every 1m3 there is 0.95m3 of space available for water storage). BS EN 1401-1
pipe
The volume of Polystorm required is therefore calculated by dividing the required storage volume by 0.95. 1200m² roof area 454
Pipe bed and

This factor is allowed for in the design table. 1475mm² car park and other areas surround material

100mm bed
Therefore the total impermeable area = 2675m²

Figure 24

42 43
Typical Silt Trap
 Design protocol 4.8

4.8 Soakaway design

1.5m 1.0m

4.8.1 Percolation test for designing a soakaway system Worked example

Invert of the discharge drain - 1.0m below the surface. When cleaned and
This percolation test follows the procedures laid out by the BRE Digest 365
trimmed the test hole was 2.51m deep, 2.40m long and 0.60m wide.
1.125m Step 1 - Dig 100%
a trial hole
An effective storage depth of 1.5m therefore adopted.
• 75%
The base of the trial hole should be approximately the same depth as
25%
anticipated in the full size soakaway 0.375m
0.6m
• Overall excavation depth is typically: 1.5m-2.5m for areas <100m²

• The test hole should be typically 0.3m-1m wide and 1m-3m long
(make a record of the test hole dimensions)

Step 2 - Fill the hole with water

0.3-1m
2.40m

1-3m

1.5m 1.0m

Approx Figure 26
1.0m

1.125m 100%
75%
1.5-2.5m
25% 0.375m
Maximum
Figure 25

Test hole volume between 75% and 25% effective depth:

• Fill trial hole with water - this needs to be done rapidly to mimic a real
storm event V(p75-25) = 2.40 x 0.60 x (1.125 - 0.375) = 1.08m3
Test hole depth
The mean surface area through which outflow occurs, at 75% and 25%
• Record the time taken for the water level to fall within the trial hole 0.3-1m
taken to be the hole sides at 50% effective depth, including the base of the pit:
from 75% to 25% full
a(p50) = 0.75[2(2.40 + 0.6)] + (2.4 x 0.6) = 0.75(6) + 1.44 = 5.94m2
• Repeat 3 times, allowing the trial hole to drain between tests
The time taken for water to drain from 75% to 25% full:
• Best practice for soakaways longer than 25m is to perform a second
percolation test at a different location to that of the 1st test site t(p75-25) = 102 - 11 = 91 minutes Number of minutes
1-3m
to drain from 75%
Soil Infiltration rate 1.08 = 3.33 x 10-5 m/sec to 25% depth
Step 3 - The results - Soil infiltration rate
5.94 x (91 x 60)

V(p75-25) V(p75-25) = Volume of the hole from 25% to 75% depth

f= a (p50) x t (p75-25) a (p50) = Internal surface area of the hole up to 50% of
the depth and including the base area
Approx
t (p75-25) = The time for the hole to drain from 75% to 1.0m
25% full in seconds

• Contact the Polypipe WMS technical support team and advise them of the
1.5-2.5m
dimensions of the test hole and lowest timed result (in minutes) Maximum

• Polypipe WMS will take this data and estimate the soakaway size required

44 45
 Design protocol 4.8

4.8 Soakaway design

4.8.2 Infiltration
Volumetric data for 3D usage - two cells high
Calculation principles
Cells long
There are two approaches, either of which may be adopted: the Construction 2 wide (0.5m side) 4 wide (0.5m side) 8 wide (0.5m side)
(1m side)
Industry Research and Information Association (CIRIA) Report 156 Infiltration
Vol m3 Side m2 Base m2 Vol m3 Side m2 Base m2 Vol m3 Side m2 Base m2
Drainage - Manual of Good Practice or BRE Digest 365 Soakaway Design.
1 0.76 3.2 1.0 1.52 4.8 2.0 3.04 8.0 4.0
A simplified approximate approach can be used on a very small site (i.e. a single
2 1.52 4.8 2.0 3.04 6.4 4.0 6.08 9.6 8.0
house development) where detailed site infiltration rate information may not be
required nor available (see table below). Approved document H3 (refer to 1.1, page 4 3.04 8.0 4.0 60.8 9.6 8.0 12.16 12.8 16.0

10) allows a storage volume equal to the area to be drained multiplied by 10mm 8 6.08 14.4 8.0 12.16 16.0 16.0 24.32 19.2 32.0
for areas up to 25m². Beyond this size, design should be carried out in accordance 10 7.60 17.6 10.0 15.20 19.2 20.0 30.40 22.4 40.0
with BS EN 752-4 : 1998 or BRE Digest 365. BS EN 752-4 : 1998 suggests a storage
100 76.00 161.6 100.0 152.00 163.2 200.0 304.00 166.4 400.0
volume equal to 20mm multiplied by the area to be drained.
Table 15

Concrete ring converter

Guidance on soakaway for single house development (1)
Table 16 enables the conversion of a specified nominal diameter pre-cast concrete ring soakaway volume
Storage volume Max area to be drained
Number of units into the equivalent number of Polystorm Lite and Polystorm cells.
(m3) (m2)

1 0.19 (2)
19.0
Concrete Ring conversion
2 0.38 (2)
25.0
Depth of
3 0.57 28.5 (3) 900 1050 1200 1300 1500 1800
soakaway

4 0.76 (3)
38.0 0.25 1 2 2 2 3 4

5 0.95 (3)
47.5 0.50 2 3 4 4 5 7

6 1.14 (3)
57.0 0.75 3 4 5 6 8 11

Table 13 1.00 4 5 7 8 10 14

(1) When doubt exists over suitability of ground for infiltration permeability 1.25 5 6 8 10 12 17

figures should be derived by test (see BRE Digest 365). 1.50 6 8 10 12 15 21

(2) In accordance with Approved Document H3 (refer to 1.1 page 10). 1.75 7 9 11 14 17 24

2.00 7 10 13 16 20 27
(3) In accordance with BS EN 752-4 : 1998, Clause NG 2.4.
2.25 8 10 13 16 20 29

2.50 8 11 14 18 22 31
When the BRE or CIRIA approach is used, the design volumes and areas for
trench or cuboid type installations can be found from Tables 14 and 15. 2.75 9 12 16 20 24 34

3.00 11 14 18 21 28 41

Volumetric data per linear metre for one cell (0.5m) wide Table 16
trench configuration
Number of Storage volume Side areas Base area
cells high (m3) (m2) (m2)

1 0.19 0.8 0.5

2 0.38 1.6 0.5

3 0.57 2.4 0.5

Table 14

46 47
 Design protocol 4.9

4.9 General layouts - typical arrangement

of Polystorm structures and manifolds

Typical arrangement Example of offline solution

Polystorm modular cell 2 Polystorm cells rotated Ridgidrain 150mm/160mm

(Unit dimension 1.00m x 0.50m x 0.40m) through 90° allowing side connection Ridgidrain 45° bend Ridgidrain 45° bend
EN1401-1 Adaptor
(Product Code: ARD150160)

150mm Ø Ridgidrain

225/300 Ø Ridgidrain Stormcheck Flow Control

Ridgidrain Ridgidrain
pipe pipe

Main pipe flow

Polypipe catchpit chamber Polypipe catchpit chamber
Silt Trap Polystorm cell, Ridgidrain 150mm/160mm or Stormcheck Flow Control
fabricated with either EN1401-1 Adaptor
Figure 29
a 225 or 300mm Ø (Product Code: ARD150160)
Ridgidrain coupler

Figure 27
Example of offline solution

Cross section view of typical arrangement

Seating
Rings Concrete
Pre-cast Concrete
94.20m Surround
Cover Slab

Geosynthetic
Vent encapsulating
pipe Polystorm Cells Polystorm Cells
Catchpit 1200
Concrete
Chamber surround
Nom.
300
Pipe bed Headwall
400
& surround Min 100
800

I.L. I.L. 92.62m I.L. 92.59m I.L.

Ridgidrain
Typically Ridgidrain inlet Polystorm cell Either: discharge pipe
900 Sump Coarse sand
Class 6H selected
granular material
Base plate welded Pre-installed
(100% passing 5mm sieve) Ridgidrain pipe
base of chamber wall Vortex Unit

Polystorm cells
Pre-fabricated Polypipe
Stormcheck Chamber
Figure 28
Ridgidrain 45° bend

Main pipe flow

Figure 30 Catchpit Chamber

Please visit www.polypipewms.co.uk for downloadable Auto CAD files of all Polystorm Structures and manifold details.
48 49
 Installation 5.0

5.0 Installation -
for attenuation and soakaway systems

Installation
Contents
Page

Health and safety 5.1 52 - 55

Connections 5.2 56 - 57

Ventilation 5.3 58 - 60

Typical installation procedure - soakaway 5.4 61 - 62

Maintenance 5.5 63

The following section outlines site best practice for the installation of

Polystorm Lite and Polystorm

50 51
 Installation 5.1

5.1 Installation - health and safety

5.1.1 Health and safety 5.1.2 Risk assessment 5.1.4 Floatation

Under the Construction (Design and Management) Contractors are required to submit a method statement When placed below the ground water table as an attenuation system (i.e. wrapped
Regulations 2007, unless they are a domestic client, all parties which includes a methodology for installation and risk in a geomembrane) there is a risk that the buoyancy of a tank may cause it to float.
involved in construction or building work have legal duties. assessment for the work to be carried out. This can be prevented by placing a sufficient weight of soil on top of the tank to
These include: counteract the upward forces. Our Technical Team can assist with groundwater
5.1.3 Site guidance calculations. Please contact Polypipe WMS technical support team. Also see section 4.
Clients
Good Practice Guide
• Check competence and resources of all appointees
5.1.5 Excavation and preparation
The following are good practice principles for the
• Ensure there are suitable management arrangements handling and storage of all Polystorm cells on-site: Excavate to the required plan dimensions and level, ensuring that the excavation
for the project welfare facilities
orientation will allow easy installation of connecting pipework. Consideration
• Store units away from direct sources of heat
• Allow sufficient time and resources for all stages
including sunlight for excessive periods should be given to maintaining construction plant access for reinstating around

• Provide pre-construction information to designers the installed Polystorm cells. Ensure that the ground bearing capacity at the
• Place packs of cells on level ground: DO NOT stack
and contractors formation level is sufficient for the proposed operational loads. The base of
filled pallets on-site
the excavation should be smooth and level, free of large or sharp stones and soft
Designers
• Store loose individual cells NO MORE THAN 5 cells high
spots to avoid punctures or tears of the geomembrane. Any soft spots should be
• Eliminate hazards and reduce risks during design
• Ensure a well positioned and secure stand for platform excavated and replaced with suitable compacted granular material. Place and
• Provide information about remaining risks issued to remove the top layer of Polystorm cells from compact a minimum 100mm thick layer of bedding material (typically coarse sand).
the pallet If required, line the base and sides of the excavation with a protective geotextile
Contractors
• Although Polystorm cells contain an inhibitor giving before placement of the impermeable geomembrane. Excavation should be carried
• Plan, manage and monitor own work and that
ultra violet resistance for up to 6 months, avoid out in accordance with BS6031, paying particular attention to safety procedures.
of workers
prolonged storage in direct sunlight
• Check competence of all their appointees and workers 5.1.6 Handling and installation
• DO NOT store cells near fuel bowsers, fuel tanks or
• Train own employees
any other solvents All materials used should be checked before and after installation for any damage

• Provide information to their workers • Although Polystorm cells are very robust and resistant
such as punctures or tears to the membrane. The type of geosynthetic material
used to encapsulate the Polystorm cells will determine the installation requirements.
• Comply with the specific requirements in Part 4 of to damage when handled normally, store in locations
the Regulations Please note the following information is generic and advice from the geosynthetic
where impacts from vehicles and site plant will
manufacturer should be sought to ensure that the appropriate protective measures
• Ensure there are adequate welfare facilities for workers be avoided
are taken to comply with any proprietary requirements.
It should be noted that additional legal duties are imposed • Ensure Polystorm cells are kept clean at all times

where construction work is notifiable. • Broken/cracked cells should not be installed. Broken/
Impermeable geomembrane
All installation activities should be carried out observing cracked cells should be recycled wherever possible
Physical properties
the requirements of The Health and Safety at Work Etc. • Individual Polystorm Lite cells weigh 7kg and
Thickness Min 0.75 to 1.0mm ASTM D5199
Act 1974; and The Management of Health and Safety at Polystorm 9kg so they can normally be safely lifted
Work Regulations 1999. on-site in accordance with current manual handling Density 900kg/m3 ASTM D1505

Polystorm Benefits for CDM Compliance

regulations Mechanical properties

Storage applications using Polystorm Water Management

• Avoid walking on the geosynthetic membrane to Tensile strength, at yield Min 1600N/m3 ASTM D4885
reduce risk of puncturing or tearing the textile
Systems are actually beneficial to CDM compliance. This is Elongation at break >500% ASTM D4885

because the system avoids or reduces several risks associated • Care must be taken when placing the cells into
Puncture resistance Min 170N ASTM D4833
with the construction of traditional storage tanks which can the excavation
Tear resistance Min 67N ASTM D1004 Die C
involve deep excavations and construction of large • Install 1st layer of cells to minimise walking on the
Impact resistance Min 15 Joules ASTM 3998 mod
engineered structures. Specific advantages of Polystorm geomembrane textile
Stress crack resistance Min 200 hrs ASTM D5391 (SP=-NCTL)
in this respect are:
Permeability coefficient Max 2.0 x 10-12 ASTM D
• Individual Polystorm components are lightweight
- making it easier for individual lifting of Polystorm cells pH Resistant to all naturally occurring soil acids and alkalis

• Installation of Polystorm is quick - so open excavation Resistance to all substances found to naturally occur in soils and
Chemical/biological
time is minimised and high numbers of manpower rainwater. Detailed information would need to be provided to
resistance
geomembrane manufacturer in instances of contaminated land.
52 and machinery is reduced 53
Table 17
 Installation 5.1

5.1 Health and safety

Clip Connectors Before cells are installed a geomembrane should be laid over the subgrade level. Shear connector installation
Polypipe clips connect Positioning of sheeting is undertaken by machinery or hand. After unrolling the
horizontally adjacent units. sheeting, its position is adjusted so that a suitable overlap is achieved for the
welding process. Before welding, the sheet must be checked for any damage
including punctures or tears. If damage has occurred re-patch the damaged area 400

with additional geomembrane material and weld over damaged area. Ensure the
34
damaged area is overlapped by a minimum of 400mm.
150 Joint each sheet of
geomembrane together according to the suppliers’ recommendations.
Polystorm
30 Shear Connector

Figure 31
5.1.7 Polystorm cell installation
Before proceeding with the installation please ensure you carefully read and
Polystorm Clip understand the Good Practise Guidelines stated earlier in the document.
Shear Connector Polystorm
Ensure cells are arranged so that they are Connector
in the correct alignment with the
400
Vertical connections are formed adjoining pipework. Wherever possible, minimise the amount of walking on the
with the Polypipe shear connector. geomembrane to reduce the chances of punctures or tears to the material by
Figure 34
laying the first layer of cells.
1000

5.1.8 Connecting Polystorm cells

Insert shear connectors into Polystorm cell as shown. Ensure the shear
Place the Polystorm cells on the geomembrane in accordance with the
connector is fully inserted before mounting the Polystorm cell.
150 construction drawings. Ensure the Polystorm cells are abut and the corners align
with each other. During installation, Polystorm cells should be securely connected
5.1.9 Clip connector installation
using clips and shear connectors. Clips and shear connectors are supplied in sealed
polythene bags of 60 and 30. Polystorm Clip Polystorm Cells

Figure 32

Location of points for clips and shears

Polystorm Connector
1000

400

500

Polystorm Clip Figure 35 500

Polystorm cells are adjacently connected by clipping the two units together.

Clip
For connecting Polystorm
cells together modular cell
horizontally

Shear connector
For connecting
Polystorm Cell cells together
Polystorm Shear Connector
vertically
(see elevation) Plan
Figure 33

Elevation End

Pipe location
DIMENSION GRID connection
54 55
 Installation 5.2

5.2 Connections

5.2.1 Types of connections 160mm – 300mm (direct to cells) 5.2.2 Types of connections 450mm – 600mm (direct to cells)
160mm EN 1401-1 pipes connect directly into the convenient knock-out incorporated in the end of each cell.
Polystorm cell with fabricated Polystorm stucture formed Polystorm cell with fabricated Polystorm stucture formed
Connection to 110mm EN 1401-1 pipes or other products is accommodated through the use of standard Polypipe adapters. 300mm Ø pipe connection from standard cells 300mm Ø pipe connection from standard cells

Polystorm cells are also available with either a 225mm or 300mm fabricated Ridgidrain pipe connection.

300mm Ø 300mm Ø Ridgidrain

Ridgidrain 300mm Ø
Diameter B Diameter A 300mm Ø
flanged adaptor Ridgidrain pipe
flanged adaptor
300mm Ø
115 BS EN 1401-1 Ridgidrain
pipe Ridgidrain pipe
300mm Ø 450/300mm Ø
160mm Ø Ridgidrain pipe Ridgidrain invert
‘Knock-out’ level reducer
300mm Ø Ridgidrain
300mm Ø Ridgidrain 450mm Ø
45° bend
45° bend Ridgidrain
pipe 45° 300mm Ø
Ridgidrain pipe
300mm Ø 300mm Ø
Ridgidrain pipe Ridgidrain pipe 450/2 x 300mm Ø
45° 45°
Ridgidrain Y-junction
450mm Ø
Polypipe catchpit
Ridgidrain
chamber
pipe

500 450 ID

Polypipe catchpit
END VIEW Typical Polystorm 450mm Ø Manifold detail
chamber
Figure 41 Typical Polystorm 450mm inlet manifold detail
Figure 36 Figure 37 Figure 38 450 ID

160/110mm invert level reducer 160mm diameter adaptor Polystorm cell 160mm diameter knockout Figure 42
Typical Polystorm 450mm
Typical Polystorm 450mm inlet
Ø Manifold manifold detail
detail

Polystorm cell with fabricated Polystorm stucture formed

300mm Ø pipe connection from standard cells
Polymer sheet welded
1000 to Polystorm Cell

225mm Ø
coupler 300mm Ø Ridgidrain
flanged adaptor
300mm Ø 300mm Ø 400/300mm Ø Ridgidrain
Ridgidrain Ridgidrain invert level reducer
400 pipe pipe

400mm Ø Ridgidrain
45° bend
225mm Ø
coupler
400mm Ø
400mm Ø Ridgidrain pipe
Ridgidrain
ELEVATION
108 pipe
400/300mm Ø
Note: For inlets larger than 600mm
END VIEW Ridgidrain Y-junction

Figure 39 Fabricated Polystorm cell allowing 225mm diameter pipe connection

please contact Polypipe WMS technical team.
400mm Ø
400mm Ø 45° 45° Ridgidrain pipe
Ridgidrain pipe Please also visit www.polypipewms.co.uk
Polypipe catchpit
chamber
for downloadable Auto CAD files of the
600 ID
illustrations on this page.

Figure 43 Typical Polystorm manifold

Typical Polystorm Manifold detaildetail
Polymer sheet welded
1000 to Polystorm Cell

Polymer cell with fabricated 225mm Ø Ridgidrain Polystorm cell with fabricated Polystorm structure
300mm Ø 225mm Ø pipe connection flanged adaptor 300mm Ø pipe connection from standard cells
coupler

400 225mm Ø
Ridgidrain
pipe
300mm Ø 300mm Ø Ridgidrain
225mm Ø Ridgidrain 300mm Ø
300mm Ø Ridgidrain pipe Ridgidrain 300mm Ø flanged adaptor
Ridgidrain
coupler 45° bend pipe
pipe
225mm Ø 450/300mm Ø
500 Ridgidrain pipe Ridgidrain
ELEVATION invert level 300mm Ø
reducer Ridgidrain
118 400/225mm Ø
22.5°bend
END VIEW Ridgidrain invert 300mm Ø
level reducer 45° Ridgidrain pipe
400/300mm Ø Ridgidrain
Figure 40 Fabricated Polystorm cell allowing 300mm diameter pipe connection 400/300mm Ø
300mm Ø
invert level reducer
Ridgidrain
Ridgidrain 2 x Y-Junction
400 Ø Ridgidrain
Y-junction
450mm Ø 45° bend
Ridgidrain
400mm Ø pipe
Ridgidrain pipe
400/300mm Ø Ridgidrain
22.5°
45° Y-junction

Polypipe catchpit
chamber

600 ID

Figure 44 Typical Polystorm 600mm inlet manifold detail

56 Typical Polystorm 600mm Ø Manifold detail 57
 Installation 5.3

5.3 Ventilation

Every attenuation tank requires at least one vent to avoid stagnant water. An infiltration 5.3.2 Inlet and outlet connections and installations
A flange adapter is attached at both the inlet and outlet points as this gives a
tank does not need a vent. Large attenuation tanks need a vent for every 7500m2 of flat surface for the membrane to be attached to. The flange adaptor will require
a hole punching in each corner of the base. Ensure the flange adaptor is fastened
drained catchment area. The illustrations below show a vertical vent pipe with a cowl
securely to the cell using cable ties. Once the adaptor has been secured, insert
(SCV40) and a horizontal vent pipe that connects to a catchpit. the pipe and seal connection.

5.3.3 Sealing and testing connections

All pipes entering and leaving the structure must be sealed in accordance to the
5.3.1 Air vent connection and installation Vent cowl Ventilation box
contractor’s method statement. Ensure the geomembrane around all connection
Polystorm attenuation structures will require ventilation
areas are clean and free from moisture before sealing. All sealing equipment
to ensure maximum hydraulic performance and avoid
should be tested at the start of each day to ensure consistency is maintained
placing additional stress on the encapsulating
throughout the installation of the structure. The inlet and outlet connections
geomembrane. Ensure vents are protected from damage
need a bung inserted into the hole to prevent siltation and water entering the
during construction. Attach a 110/160mm flange adapter
110mm  structure whilst installation is carried out. Once the connections have been sealed,
BS EN 1401-1 pipe
to a Polystorm cell from the top layer using cable ties on
testing should be carried out to check for leaks. This procedure should be carried
110mm 
all four corners of the adaptor base and seal Geomembrane sealed
BS EN 1401-1 out in accordance to the contractor’s method statement. All testing equipment
flange adaptor to adaptor flange
geomembrane around the flange, the same way as
should be tested at the start of each day.
making an inlet or outlet connection and seal. Insert a
For advice on procedures for testing joints refer to CIRIA SP 124 – Barriers, liners
110/160mm dia vertical vent pipe into the flange and
and cover systems for containment and control of land contamination.
make connection. Large attenuation tanks need a vent
for every 7500m2 of drained catchment area. A vent has
Figure 45 Vertical vent pipe with cowl 5.3.4 Encasing geotextile
a minimum size of 100mm diameter.
An alternative vertical vent pipe detail is available. Complete the geosynthetic encapsulation of the entire Polystorm structure,
Please call the Polypipe WMS technical support team. forming joints where appropriate. Re-examine the geomembrane and/or
geotextiles for damage and joint integrity. Avoid walking on the geosynthetic
as this may cause punctures or tears to the material. The equipment used to
form joints must be tested at the start of each day to ensure consistency is

F.G.L. Cover & frame Seating Rings Pre-Cast concrete cover slab maintained throughout the process. For advice on procedures for testing joints
refer to CIRIA SP 124 – barriers, liners and cover systems for containment and
control of land contamination.
150mm Ø Ridgidrain Ridgidrain 150mm/160mm EN 1401-1 Adaptor Geosynthetic encapsulating
ventilation pipe (Product code: ARD150160) Polystorm Cells

5.3.5 Lateral backfilling

Min100
Backfill around the sides of the encapsulated units, forming a 100mm thick layer
Polystorm Cells of coarse sand or Class 6H selected granular material immediately adjacent to the
400
cells. Where required, remaining excavated areas around the units should be
Pipe bed & surround 225mm Ø Ridgidrain
connection pipe
backfilled with Class 6N or 6P selected granular material, in accordance with
1600
MCHW, Volume 1, or similarly approved specification.

225mm Ø Ridgidrain 225mm Ø Ridgidrain Either: Course sand OR 225mm Ø Ridgidrain Pipe bed
discharge pipe flanged adaptor Class 6H selected granular flanged adaptor & surround
material (100% passing 5mm sleeve)

Concrete Polypipe fabricated

Surround catchpit chamber

Figure 46 Horizontal vent pipe

58 59
 Installation 5.3/5.4

5.3 Ventilation 5.4 Typical installation procedure

- soakaway

5.3.6 Cover backfilling 5.4.1 Excavation and preparation

Backfill around the sides of the encapsulated cells, forming a 100mm thick layer Place and compact a 100mm thick bedding layer of either coarse sand or Class 6H
of coarse sand or Class 6H selected granular material immediately adjacent to selected granular material (with 100% passing the 5mm sieve), in accordance
the cells. Where required, remaining excavated areas around the units should be with the Manual of Contract Documents for Highway Works (MCHW), Volume 1,
backfilled with Class 6N or 6P selected granular material, in accordance with Series 600. Install the permeable geotextiles, forming joints in accordance with
MCHW, Volume 1 or similarly approved specification. Final backfilling of the the manufacturer’s recommendations, making an allowance for the connecting
installation and surfacing is dependent on the expected operational loads. (NB pipework or adapters.
Compaction plant over and immediately adjacent to the Polystorm cells shall not
exceed 2300 kg/m width). Above the wrapped Polystorm cells, place and lightly 5.4.2 Geotextile layer (permeable)
compact a minimum 100mm thick layer of either coarse sand or Class 6H selected The type of geosynthetic material used to encapsulate the Polystorm cells will
granular material (with 100% passing the 5mm sieve), in accordance with MCHW, determine the installation requirements. Please note the following information
Volume 1, Series 600. is generic and advice from the geosynthetic manufacturer should be sought to
ensure that the appropriate protective measures are taken to comply with any
5.3.7 Field conditions (e.g. landscaped areas) proprietary requirements.
The backfill material that lies within 300mm above the Polystorm cells should
be free from particles exceeding 40mm in diameter, in accordance with Class 8
Permeable geotextile
material to Series 600, Volume 1, MCHW. Final backfilling up to finished ground
level may be achieved using selected as-dug material. Backfill material should be Physical properties
placed and compacted in layers no greater than 300mm, or in compliance with Material Typically Polypropylene/Polyethylene
the approved specification. Mass Min 125g/m2 EN 965

5.3.8 Lightly trafficked (e.g. restricted access car park) Mechanical properties
CBR puncture resistance Min 1500N EN ISO 12236
Backfill with Class 1 or 2 material in accordance with MCHW, Volume 1, Series
600. Backfill material should be placed and compacted in layers not greater Peak tensile strength Min 8kN/m2 EN ISO 10319

than 150mm. Where the Polystorm cells are installed beneath a paved area, Hydraulic properties
the pavement sub-base may form part of the backfill material provided that Water flow rate normal
Min 100 l/m2 .s (@ 50mm Head) EN ISO 11058
minimum cover depths are maintained. Complete pavement construction or to plane

landscaping over the Polystorm system. Pore size O90 Typically 100 µm EN ISO 12956

pH Resistant to all naturally occurring soil acids and alkalis

5.3.9 Heavy trafficked (e.g. roads used by HGV's)
Resistance to all substances found to naturally occur in soils
Contact Polypipe WMS technical support team for further information
Chemical/biological and rainwater. Detailed information would need to be
and guidance. resistance provided to geosynthetic manufacturer in instances of
contaminated land.

5.3.10 Inspection Table 18

After installation and prior to handover, any silt collection chambers or control All joints should be sealed, using proprietary methods recommended by the
manholes should be examined to ensure they are free from debris. All chambers manufacturer. Please refer to CIRIA SP 124 – Barriers, liners and cover systems for
and manholes require the insertion of bungs at the inlet and outlet to prevent containment and control of land contamination, for advice on seam testing
siltation during construction. Bungs should then be removed at commissioning. procedures. Before the cells are installed the geotextile should be laid over the
subgrade level. The sheet of geotextile should be large enough such that it can
overlap over the edge of the modules by 200mm.

60 61
 Installation 5.4/5.5

5.4 Typical installation procedure 5.5 Maintenance

- soakaway

5.4.3 Polystorm cell installation Where required, remaining excavated areas around the 5.5.1 Maintenance
cells should be backfilled with Class 6N or 6P selected
Place the Polystorm cells on the geotextile in accordance with The customer is responsible for maintenance
granular material, in accordance with MCHW, Volume 1,
the construction drawings and Polypipe connection details. For soakaways to individual houses, the only necessary
or similarly approved specification.
Ensure cells are arranged so that they are in the correct maintenance of the system is to keep gullies clear of
alignment with the adjoining pipework (see pages 54 & 55). Above the wrapped Polystorm cells, place and lightly debris such as leaves. For large installations or where the
compact a minimum 100mm thick layer of either coarse receiving waters are environmentally sensitive, a system
5.4.4 Shear connection sand or Class 6H selected granular material (with 100% of regular inspections should be established to prevent
Vertical connections are formed with the Polypipe shear passing the 5mm sieve), in accordance with MCHW, siltation of the system which, if allowed to develop,
connector (see pages 54 & 55). Volume 1, Series 600. would reduce effectiveness. They should also be inspected

Final backfilling of the installation and surfacing after every major storm event.
5.4.5 Clip connectors is dependent on the expected operational loads.
Polypipe clips connect horizontally adjacent cells (NB Compaction plant over and immediately adjacent
(see pages 54 & 55). to the Polystorm cells shall not exceed 2300 kg/m width).

5.4.6 Polystorm cell connections 5.4.10 Field conditions (e.g. landscaped

Pipe Connections areas) It is recommended that a silt trap is incorporated into the

160mm EN 1401-1 pipes connect directly into the pipework at the inlet to the tank (see Figure 47)
The backfill material that lies within 300mm above the
convenient knock-out incorporated in the end of each cell. there must be a maintenance plan that ensures regular
Polystorm cells should be free from particles exceeding
Connection to 110mm EN 1401-1 pipes or other products cleaning of the trap to ensure correct performance.
40mm in diameter, in accordance with Class 8 material
is accommodated through the use of standard Polypipe to Series 600, Volume 1, MCHW. Final backfilling up to
adapters. Polystorm cells are also available with either a Note: To download Auto CAD drawings and BBA certificates
finished ground level may be achieved using selected
225mm or 300mm fabricated Ridgidrain pipe connection please visit www.polypipewms.co.uk.
as-dug material. Backfill material should be placed and
(see pages 56 & 57). compacted in layers no greater than 300mm, or in
compliance with the approved specification.
5.4.7 Encasing geotextile
Complete the geosynthetic encapsulation of the entire 5.4.11 Lightly trafficked (e.g. restricted
Polystorm structure, forming joints where appropriate. access car park)
Re-examine the geomembrane and/or geotextile for Backfill with Class 1 or 2 material in accordance with
damage and joint integrity. MCHW, Volume 1, Series 600. Backfill material should be
Figure 47
placed and compacted in layers not greater than 150mm.
5.4.8 Lateral backfilling Where the Polystorm cells are installed beneath a paved
Backfill around the sides of the encapsulated cells, forming area, the pavement sub-base may form part of the
a 100mm thick layer of coarse sand or Class 6H selected backfill material provided that minimum cover depths
granular material immediately adjacent to the cells. are maintained. Complete pavement construction or
Where required, remaining excavated areas around the landscaping over the Polystorm system.
cells should be backfilled with Class 6N or 6P selected
granular material, in accordance with MCHW, Volume 1, 5.4.12 Inspection
or similarly approved specification. After installation and prior to handover, any silt collection
chambers or control manholes should be examined to
5.4.9 Cover backfilling ensure they are free from debris or contamination.
Backfill around the sides of the encapsulated cells, forming
a 100mm thick layer of coarse sand or Class 6H selected
granular material immediately adjacent to the cells.

62 63
 Associated products 6.0

6.0 Associated products

Associated products
Contents
Page

Stormcheck 6.1 66 - 67

Storm-X4 6.2 68 - 71

Fabrications 6.3 72 - 73

A full range of complementary products including

stormwater treatment filters, catchpits and flow

controls, alongside bespoke solutions from our

dedicated in-house Fabrications team.

64 65
 Associated products 6.1

6.1 Stormcheck

One aim of Sustainable Drainage Systems is to mimic Vortex 6.1.2 Chamber types
flow
Non-bypass chamber for sites where discharge rates
greenfield run-off rates from developed sites. One way controller Controlled
must be guaranteed and not exceeded.
outlet
Inlet
of achieving this aim is by stormwater storage and
Bypass 6.1.3 Manual bypass design
pipe
attenuation. The Stormcheck chamber allows precise Bypass flap Offers a bypass to the flow control device which is
manually operated from the surface. The activation of
control of site discharge rates and when combined with
Figure 48 Manual bypass design the bypass system opens a door in the head wall

our storage systems provides an industry recognised allowing water in the chamber to drain down via the
bypass pipe.
flow attenuation system.
6.1.4 Auto bypass design
Stormcheck chambers with automatic bypass systems
6.1.1 Stormcheck vortex flow control chamber
are also available, please contact the Polypipe WMS
The Stormcheck vortex flow control chamber comprises of a pre-fabricated plastic
Head wall Technical support team.
chamber, in a range of diameters, with integral vortex flow control device.

Vortex
Inlet
6.1.5 Key benefits
flow
controller A complete system will include the following items:

• A sealed chamber produced in our dedicated

Controlled fabrications department, built to exacting
outlet specifications and delivered to site ready to
be installed
Figure 49 Auto bypass design
• The factory fitted vortex flow control device
saves the time and expense of on-site
construction

• Vortex flow control devices are widely

recognised as being the most hydraulically
efficient means of flow regulation. The unique
design utilising no moving parts which means
they are virtually maintenance free

• Stormcheck chambers are manufactured with

an integral sump for silt catchment and an
optional drain down system to ease
maintenance and silt removal

• The Stormcheck chamber can be integrated

with any Polypipe SUDS Solution and the
market leading Ridgidrain ADS System

66 67
 Associated products 6.2

6.2 Storm-X4 - stormwater treatment system

for roof and surface water run-off

The use of the Storm-X4 advanced four stage filtration system can dramatically improve 6.2.1 Function principles 1.
1. Contaminated surface water run-off is fed into the basal section of the filter.
the quality of the surface water entering the receiving water course, improving The angled inlet generates a radial flow pattern.

biodiversity and aiding with compliance of the Water Framework Directive. 2. The hydrodynamic separator converts the radial flow to generate particle
sedimentation to remove heavy debris and silt from the contaminated water.
The sediment is then retained in a silt trap chamber below the separator for 2.
easy maintenance and access.

3. The filter element is housed in the central section of the Storm-X4.

The filter element is specifically designed for traffic, heavy traffic or roof
applications and filters out fine materials in an up-flow process. Dissolved
materials are absorbed by the filter, which will need to be replaced every two
3.
years on average.

4. Situated above the filter element is an oil retention unit which removes the
remaining contaminants from the surface water run-off. The clean water then
flows via the outlet to the soakaway or watercourse.

6.2.2 Stormwater treatment 4.

Storm-X4 is capable of cleaning surface water run-off from roofs, car parks and the
2 most polluted roads, even in heavily trafficked areas. Storm-X4 has been designed
to remove heavy particles, silt and nutrients and heavy metals such as copper, zinc
4 and cadmium from the surface water to provide an environmentally sound solution
which benefits the natural watercourse and increases biodiversity.

6.2.3 Improved surface water quality

1
3 Storm-X4 minimises pollution of the natural watercourse and enables clean surface
water run-off to be discharged from site. In line with new legislation and guidelines
2 such as the Water Framework Directive, Storm-X4 offers a regulatory compliant
solution for dealing with the issues of water quality. With the support, technical
expertise and knowledge of Polypipe WMS, developers can be confident that a
long-term, affordable, sustainable solution can be designed.

6.2.4 Source control

By using Storm-X4 developers can improve water quality even before discharge
4 STAGE
from site by treating surface run-off as close to its source as possible. Once it has
UPWARD FILTRATION
passed through the Storm-X4 filter and used in conjunction with attenuation and
flow control devices from Polypipe WMS, water run-off can be discharged from site
at an agreed rate, reducing the risk of downstream flooding.

68 69
 Associated products 6.2

6.2 Storm-X4 - stormwater treatment system

for roof and surface water run-off

This table shows capabilities of Storm-X4 to reduce chemical pollutants.

Parameter Unit Main road, distributor a b c Storm-X4

Aims of LAWA Drinking water Seepage

From To Permissible limit Permissible limit Control value e

Aim

Physio-chemical parameters 90-percentile

El. cond. (µS/cm) 110 2400 – 2500 – <1500

pH (-) 6.4 7.9 – 6.5 - 9.5 – 7.0 - 9.5

Nutrients

P tot (mg/L) 0.23 0.34 – – – 0.10

6.2.5 Low maintenance 6.2.8 Storm-X4 1000 heavy traffic NH4 (mg/L) 0.5 2.3 – 0.5 – 0.3
The advanced four stage filtration system within • Surface water filter complying with DIN 1989-2 Type A NO3 (mg/L) 0.0 16.0 – 50.0 – –
Storm-X4 utilises no moving parts, providing a low • For drained traffic areas to 500m²
Heavy metals
maintenance solution for all surface water run-off • Connections: at DN150 or DN200
applications. The filters within the unit only need to be • 4 Filter Elements: Cd (µg/L) 0.3 13.0 1.0 5.0 5.0 <1.0
replaced on average every two years, providing an easily Material, Filter, Substrate, Heavy Traffic
Zn (µg/L) 120 2.000 500 – 500 <500
maintainable solution on-site. Weight per element: 32kg
Cu (µg/L) 97 104 20 2000 50 d
<50
6.2.6 Easy to install 6.2.9 Storm-X4 1000 roof d
Pb (µg/L) 11 525 50 10 25 <25
Polypipe WMS can supply Storm-X4 as a standalone unit, • Surface water filter complying with DIN 1989-2 Type A
or housed within a bespoke plastic chamber. When • For drained roof areas to 1000m 2 Ni (µg/L) 4 70 50 20 50 <20
housed within a chamber, the units are constructed • Connections: at DN150 or DN200 Cr (µg/L) 6 50 50 50 50 <20
off-site and delivered to site ready to install, making • 4 Filter Elements:
installation quicker, safer and easier with a much lower Organic substances
Material, Filter, Substrate, Roof
development footprint. Weight per element: 16kg PAH (EPA) (µg/L) 0.2 17.1 – 0.1 (6 Subst.) 0.2 <0.2

MOTH (mg/L) 0.1 6.5 – – 0.2 <0.2

6.2.7 Storm-X4 1000 traffic
• Surface water filter complying with DIN 1989-2 Type A a. Aims of the German Working Group on water issues of the Federal States and the Federal Government
• For drained traffic areas to 500m² (LAWA) for surface water usage as potable drinking water (1998).
• Connections: at DN150 or DN200 b. Permissible limit of the German Drinking Water Ordinance (2001).
c. Control value for seepage of the German Federal Soil Protection Act an Ordinance (1999) according to §8 1,2.
• 4 Filter Elements:
d. For copper and lead roofs a second treatment step is necessary.
Material, Filter, Substrate, Traffic
e. The aims of the system refer to average annual loads.
Weight per element: 16kg
Critical parameter,
treatment necessary
Treatment may be
necessary, not generally

Non critical parameter

Table 19

70 71
 Associated products 6.3

6.3 Fabrications

Polypipe WMS is in the unique position of being able to offer its customers
bespoke fabrications from its highly skilled in-house Fabrications team.

Due to the variety of solutions available from Polypipe WMS, the fabrications
department has become an integral part of the company. Whether you need a
bend with a specialist angle or a complex chamber. Polypipe WMS are able to
design and manufacture products to exact customer specifications. As well as
delivering the products to site as a complete unit, ready for installation.

Having an in-house fabrication facility means we can respond quickly to customers

needs. Liasing directly with the customer, through our own team of WMS specialists
enables us to design and manufacture bespoke specialist fabrications to specific
customer requirements. Examples of which can be seen in the following section.
Due to the bespoke nature of these products, it is impossible to demonstrate
every permutation available. For assistance please contact our sales department
6.3.1 Key benefits on 01509 615100.

• Design and manufacture of 6.3.2 The range

bespoke fabrications
The range of products available is from standard applications to one-off
• Purpose built 30,000 bespoke solutions covering:
square metres fabrications
facility
• Catchpits

• Surface water and sewer manholes manufactured to adoptable standards

• All fabrications are
constructed off-site • Rainwater harvesting tanks for both commercial and residential applications

and delivered as a • Sediment and leaf filters pre-fabricated within chambers

complete unit • Full range of fittings and accessories

• Reduced Health and Safety

risks in handling, storage
and installation
6.3.3 Technical information online
• Increased versatility
The Polypipe WMS website, available at www.polypipewms.co.uk
• Strong yet light weight includes comprehensive technical information and installation
nature of plastic pipes
guides, CAD drawings and BBA certificate downloads for the full
enables a reduction of
Polystorm Modular Cell range. The ease of navigation and clear,
on-site plant requirements
concise information presented on the site has been designed to
• All Polypipe WMS offer users more detailed and relevant information when looking
fabricators are fully trained to specify Polystorm products. Also included within the homepage
by The Welders Institute is a product search facility to give easy and direct access to the
information available on the site.

72 73
 Project solutions 7.0

7.0 Project solutions

Project solutions
Contents
Page

Polystorm case studies 7.1 76

Polystorm Lite case study 7.2 77

Hybrid Solutions case study 7.3 78 - 79

We have considerable project experience in sustainable drainage projects, providing

tailor made solutions for our customers’ requirements.

74 75
 Project solutions 7.1/7.2

7.1 Polystorm - for commercial development 7.2 Polystorm Lite

Lytham St. Annes - for new school development

Two stormwater management systems were supplied by Polypipe WMS within

12 months of one another on adjoining sites in Lytham St. Annes - a BMW garage

and a Vauxhall Chevrolet and SAAB dealership.

A Polystorm Lite attenuation solution was implemented

by Galliford Try on the development of a primary school

in Heywood, Greater Manchester.

The project, at the New Central Heywood Primary School was part of a
development to accommodate the integration of three local schools into one
site. Over 1100 Polystorm Lite cells, along with the Stormcheck Vortex Flow
Control Chamber were installed on the site to provide an integrated, robust and
durable attenuation tank system. Once locked together, the cell structure was

Working closely alongside contractor James West Ltd and consultant Atkinson wrapped in a geotextile membrane to prevent silt migration. With a capacity of

Peck, who specified the drainage on-site, Polypipe WMS supplied several cubic 350,000 litres and with a discharge rate set to ten litres per second, the

metres of Polystorm cells to provide an attenuation unit for absorbing vast Polystorm Lite cells were selected to provide the most effective SUDS solution

quantities of rainwater. The Polystorm cells were also installed on the area for the long-term future of the development.

surrounding the new car storage point, as this provided easy access to the large
outfall drain and would further reduce the possibility of water logging on-site.
200 metres of Polysewer and 4000 metres of general purpose duct were also
supplied alongside 400 metres of 150mm and 375 metres of Ridgidrain pipe.

76 77
 Project solutions 7.3

7.3 Hybrid drainage system 7.3 Hybrid drainage system

- for Knight Build site - for RAF Northolt project

Over 14,000 cells of Polystorm Lite and Polystorm were installed on the Knight A bespoke hybrid drainage system for the RAF Northolt Ministry of Defence site in

Build site as part of a bespoke hybrid SUDS attenuation solution. Cambridgeshire, utilising both its Polystorm Lite and Polystorm modular cell solutions.

The site, a former private school which has been developed into apartments,
consisted of various constraints meaning that the cells needed to be installed on
a slope. The solution was a hybrid modular system containing both Polystorm Lite
and Polystorm cells which accommodated the differing burial depths resulting in
2,700m³ of capacity.

Over 1800 metres of Ridgidrain pipes were supplied to facilitate the transportation
of drainage water to and from the tank structure. Whilst Polystorm Lite, Polystorm
and Ridgidrain can all be used effectively as standalone solutions, it was the ability
of the products to be integrated together which offered Knight Build the most
viable solution.

Approximately 3000 Polystorm Lite and Polystorm cells have been installed
on-site to provide an attenuation solution to cope with surface water run-off
from both hard standing and roof areas. The original project specification was
changed from a concrete box culvert due to issues with rising material costs
and concerns over the performance of the product in times of high-flow water
run-off. However, a solution was needed that was capable of storing the
required water capacity whilst accommodating difficult site constraints.
The modular construction of Polystorm Lite and Polystorm allows the cells to
be connected together to form almost any shape and storage capacity.

78 79
 The company 8.0

8.0 The company - ground breaking technology,

innovative products and total solutions

Polypipe is one of Europe’s largest and fastest growing

The company
manufacturers of piping systems for the residential,

commercial and infrastructure sectors. Polypipe is now Contents

the UK’s leading manufacturer of cable protection,
Page
drainage, sewerage and water management systems for
Manufacturing 8.1 82 - 83
the UK construction industry.
Innovation, research and development 8.2 84 -85

Health & safety and environmental policies 8.3 86 - 87

Environmental commitments 8.4 88 - 89

Support information 8.5 90 - 91

80 81
 The company 8.1

8.1 Manufacturing - breadth and strength

Operating from sites in Loughborough, Horncastle and Glasgow, Polypipe Civils

employs over 300 people, with 35 production lines producing over 20 different

product ranges consisting in excess of 1600 individual line items. With investment

levels of £11m in 2006/07 Polypipe Civils prides itself in having the most extensive

manufacturing capabilities in its sector.

8.1.1 Manufacturing facilities

There are two manufacturing sites in the UK,

in Loughborough and Horncastle with an operations

8.1.2 Polystorm range
site in Glasgow. Polypipe has undergone a continuous The use of modular cell systems has risen dramatically in recent years as consulting
engineers, contractors and developers seek to manage surface water run-off
programme of investment in manufacturing over recent
on developed sites. In order to meet this growing demand and offer improved

years to further enhance its market leading position. service levels and shorter lead times to its customers, Polypipe has made a further
commitment to extend its production capacity. This includes a 12,000 sq.ft.
extension to the Horncastle production line with 4 new injection lines and a fully
automated 6 axis robot system.

82 83
 The company 8.2

8.2 Innovation, research &

development - our continuous commitment

8.2.1 Innovation 8.2.2 Quality control

Polypipe has dedicated research and development facilities setting the highest Polypipe take pride in providing a consistently high level of product quality
standard in the industry. In the last six years there has been extensive investment with the most advanced and diverse range including accreditation from
in laboratory facilities including the independent UKAS accredited Berry & BSI to ISO 9001 : 2008. There are 2 quality control laboratories in action
Hayward laboratory. Our laboratories allow product development and certification 24 hours a day and a fully equipped modern materials laboratory for
testing to be undertaken in-house therefore shortening time to market and development and analysis.
maximising product benefits for our customers.

84 85
 The company 8.3

8.3 Health & safety and environmental policies

8.3.2 Polypipe environmental policy
Polypipe Civils operates an Environmental Management System which complies with
the requirements of ISO14001. At Polypipe we consider the positive management of
the potential environmental impact of our activities as an integral part of our
business undertaking. It is our intent to minimise the lasting impact of our
operations on the environment and to take account of sustainability in our product
design and applications.
The manufacture of these products consumes both raw materials and energy
and Polypipe therefore has introduced proactive sustainability policies to manage
both their usage and environmental impacts.

The Group shall ensure, as far as possible, that:

• We meet or exceed all current legislation and regulation relating

to the environment

• We clearly define and communicate organisational responsibilities

for the management of environmental protection

• Employee involvement in matters relating to the environment

is actively encouraged Our Ph
ilosop
h
• Adequate information, instruction and training are provided reduce y
8.3.1 Polypipe health and safety policy to all employees

The Health and Safety of employees is an integral part of Polypipe’s business activities.
• We properly investigate environmental incidents re-use
Health and Safety is a responsibility and statutory duty that each and every
employee and visitor to our sites must share. To enable this, it is our intent that
• We monitor and review performance using appropriate measures recycle
and methods
responsibility for Health and Safety be accepted and effectively carried out at
all levels within our organisation. • We optimise the use of water and utilities
• There are good working relationships with regulatory authorities,
All Polypipe companies shall, as far as possible, ensure that: neighbours, customers, suppliers and stakeholders on Environmental matters,

• We provide a safe working environment for our employees, where hazard energy management and Conservation Policy
and risk are effectively assessed and eliminated or adequately controlled

• We use suitable and sufficient controls to ensure that non-employees who may be
affected by our activities are not exposed to risks to their Health and Safety

• We meet or exceed all current legislation and regulation relating to Health and Safety

• We clearly define and communicate organisational responsibilities for the

management of Health and Safety

• Employee involvement in matters relating to Health and Safety is actively encouraged

• Adequate information, instruction and training are provided to all employees

• We properly investigate accidents and cases of work-related ill health

• We monitor and review Health and Safety performance using appropriate measures
and methods

• There are good working relationships with regulatory authorities, neighbours,

customers, suppliers and stakeholders on Health and Safety

86 87
 The company 8.4

8.4 Environmental commitments 8.4 Sustainable - materials

- sustainability is not just a pipe dream

8.4.1 Sustainability is not just a pipe dream

Sustainability is not just about making products from recycled material, or
helping to reduce energy consumption, there are many more elements to
consider. Polypipe Civils makes a conscious effort to ensure as much is being
done to help the external environment as possible. Products supplied to the
market by Polypipe Civils are manufactured with sustainability in mind, making
sure we provide sustainable solutions for generations to come. We constantly
evaluate our systems and procedures so that the whole process of production is
as sustainable as possible from material use through to product application.

8.4.5 Using less transport

Utilising our own transport fleet, Polypipe Civils ensure that the number of vehicles
delivering product to site is kept to a minimum. For example, 1km of 450mm plastic
8.4.2 Recycled product drainage pipes will only require 3 deliveries, compared to concrete pipes which would
Using recycled product is imperative and for the past 15 years it has been our require 12 deliveries. Not only will this benefit the environment but it also minimises the risk
policy to use as much recycled material as possible, either from other industries of on-site traffic related accidents, providing further Health and Safety benefits on-site.
or post consumer waste. To this end Polypipe Civils use over 45% recycled
material in the production of our pipes, which allows us to maintain the exacting 8.4.6 Reducing our fuel usage
standards of quality and durability that we strive to obtain and help to protect Our transport network plays a significant role in reducing our fuel consumption and as
the environment. part of this, we have made sure that our vehicles run on bio-diesel. Polypipe Civils has
also adopted the use of low rolling resistance tyres saving 5% on fuel. We also limit our
8.4.3 100% Recyclable vehicles to 54mph as opposed to the standard 56mph to save a further 5% on fuel.
As our products are manufactured in plastic, they are 100% recyclable at the end
of their useful life, creating a sustainable path back into reuse. 8.4.7 Recovering site waste
In the distribution of some products, Polypipe Civils use wooden pallets. In order to help
8.4.4 Lowering energy consumption reduce on-site waste and reduce consumption we have introduced a collection scheme,
Investing in new machinery has been key to the whole Polypipe Group and we whereby we collect any pallet or strapping used on our products. Collection of pallets
have strived to ensure that our energy consumption has been addressed to make and strapping is easy and hassle-free and can be arranged by telephone.
our new machinery more energy efficient.
An excellent example of this is the replacement of 17 injection moulding 8.4.8 Helping our communities
machines at a manufacturing site in 2006. The new machines saved between 18- Polypipe Civils is committed to supporting our communities as much as possible.
20% in energy consumption over the outgoing machinery. Whether it be supplying a local childrens hospice with decorations for their gardens,
sponsoring youth sports teams and associations or holding one of the largest sailing
regattas in the UK which brings the whole construction industry together to raise money
for various charities. Sustainability is about the whole environment and Polypipe Civils
takes pride in helping to create a sustainable environment wherever possible.

88 89
 The company 8.5

8.5 Support information 8.5 Support information

- www.polypipewms.co.uk - literature
NO
NO
is roof drainage is infiltration
present? possible?

YES YES

8.5.1 Website consider

rainwater
harvesting
is the ground
permeable?
NO

A range of specific product literature is also available from Polypipe WMS each
Selection and
use stormwater stormwater
YES attenuation
attenuation
design

DETERMINE: is the YES

The Polypipe WMS website provides an overview, key benefits and a technical Design
rainfall data ground water
catchment area level an issue?
DETERMINE:

with further details and support information. The literature is also available on
rainfall data
NO catchment area

summary of each product supported by product and technical literature

calculate is the
optimum development
YES OBTAIN
tank size within a
DISCHARGE
protected
CONSENT:
ground water
environment
zone?
agency local
authority

downloads. The next level of information is to provide the design engineer or

DETERMINE:

the Polypipe WMS website (www.polypipewms.co.uk) as PDF downloads.

NO water company
supply and
control system
requirements DETERMINE:
rainfall data
catchment area discharge limit
imposed, if any

contractor with more detail and guidance when specifying. CAD downloads Is an overflow
discharge
solution
YES
design

BBA Certificates
calculate storage
required soakaway to:
volume required
BRE Digest 365
or

are available in both PDF and DWG format plus specification clauses,
CIRA report 156
NO
is compliance
with Sewers for
Adoption
ECO-VAT POLYSTORM required?
POLYSTORM XTRA

assessment forms and BBA certificates. Legislative guidance from the Water
POLYSTORM LITE
RIDGIDRAIN YES NO

8.5.2 Product literature

STORM-X4 RIDGISEWER POLYSTORM
POLYSTORM XTRA
POLYSTORM LITE
RIDGISTORM-XL

Framework Directive, to the Code for Sustainable Homes is available plus

STORMCHECK
STORM-X4

To request a printed piece of product literature please contact Polypipe WMS on

POLYPIPE HOLISTIC SUSTAINABLE SOLUTIONS

Design Manuals from CIRIA, the BRE and much more. With FAQ’s on CAD Drawings
01509 217671 or visit www.polypipewms.co.uk and click into choice of product,
Rainstream, Ridgistorm-XL and an ‘Ask the Experts’ section, the website is
then ‘Request brochure’ which takes you to a simple request form. Complete the
a comprehensive and essential source of water management information.
form before you submit your brochure request then click onto the ‘Submit
Calculation Tools Request’ panel.

8.5.3 Resources and Capabilities brochure

To know more about Polypipe WMS and Polypipe Civils there is the
Installation Guides
Polypipe Civils Resources and Capabilities brochure. The brochure encapsulates
the company’s investments and achievements made over recent years which is
testimony to the leading position that Polypipe Civils and WMS currently has in
ECO-VAT ASSESSMENT FORM

the marketplace. There is information of additional products and solutions from

Quote Ref: Chamber Ref. Rev

Your Contact Details:

Contact Name:
Company Name:
Company Type
(Circle as appropriate)
Assessment Forms
Designer / Contractor / Merchant / Self Builder / Developer
SECTION 1

Polypipe Civils with an overview of proven case studies and market sectors.
Address:

Post Code:
Tel:
Fax:
Email:

Project Details:
Client::
(If different to section 1)
SECTION 2

Project Title:
Project Address:
(If different to section 1)
Type of Project: Private Housing / Social Housing / CIR / Agricultural / Educational / Leisure
(Circle as appropriate)
Construction Stage: Design / Tender / Order to Place
(Circle as appropriate)

Assessment Details:
POLYPIPE BUILDING PRODUCTS LTD SAFETY DATA SHEET
Do June
you2002
require a full

Health and Safety

Date: Quote* Full assessment Both
assessment
Code: or just
Silicone Lubricant a quote
Spray
Page:
*as 1part
of 3of a quote a full assessment will be made but this takes up to 10 days to produce in order to send out
Catchment Details:
1. IDENTIFICATION
Roof Area (m²):
PRODUCT
Water NAME: Polypipe Silicone Lubricant SG300
Authority:
SUPPLIER:
Connected POLYPIPE
to Sewer BUILDING PRODUCTS LTD
– Y/N Gravity or Pressurised System:
BROOMHOUSE LANE
Tank Burial DONCASTER
Depth Up to 1.3m 1.3m – 2.5m 2.5m – 3.5m
DN12 1ES

TELEPHONE: 01709 770000

Consumption
EMERGENCY: Details:
01709 815470

Number of Occupants: Male: Female:

The following information is based upon our current knowledge and experience of our products and is not exhaustive. It applies to
the product range outlined above. The potential hazards identified, together with the recommended precautions for storage,
Normal Working Day (in
handling and use, give the basic information for conducting workplace risk assessments and adequate control measures under the
hours)
Control of Substances Hazardous to Health Regulations 1999 and Approved Code of Practice.
Normal Working Week (in
days)
2. COMPOSITION / INFORMATION ON INGREDIENTS

Considerations
Silicone Lubricant SG300 is for
made Use
up fromof
an Recycled Rainwater
aerosol of silicone oil suspended in aliphatic hydrocarbons
WC’s: Yes/No Washing Machines: Yes/No External Use*: Yes/No
Hazardous Component Cas No# Concentration
Number of Washing Estimated hours per
Number of WC’s
Butane 106-97-8 5 –10%
Propane 74-98-6 Machines 5 – 10% week
FlushHydrocarbons
Aliphatic Volume N/A Capacity >20% Vehicle Wash Down Yes/No
Urinals*: Yes/No Monthly usage (Commercial)*

Specification Clauses
3. HAZARDS IDENTIFICATION
Number of Urinals Personal Hygiene Yes/No Duty standby pump Yes/No
Classified as flammable under the CHIP regulations.

4. FIRST AID MEASURES

Polypipe Water Management Solutions Tel: 01509 615100 www.polypipwms.co.uk

Eye contact: Irrigate with clean water. If irritation persists, seek medical advice
Skin contact: Wash thoroughly with soap and water.
Ingestion: If accidentally swallowed, obtain immediate medical attention. Keep at rest. Do not induce vomiting.
Inhalation : Remove to fresh air, if symptoms persist, seek medical advice

5. FIRE FIGHTING MEASURES

Extinguishing Media : Use water spray/mist, CO2, foam or dry powder. Do not use water jet.
Protective Equipment : Standard protective equipment. Use self-contained breathing apparatus.
Fire/explosion hazards : Fire will produce dense black smoke containing combustion products which may be a health hazard. Run
off from fire must not be allowed to enter drains. Spray containers with water to reduce risk of rupture/explosion. Contents of
aerosol will add to fuelling of fire

Legislative Guidance
Bespoke Fabrications Polypipe Civils Product Water Management
Brochure and System Selector Solutions Product and
System Selector

FAQ’s

Ask the Experts

All descriptions and illustrations in this publication are intended for guidance only and shall not constitute a ‘sale by description’. All dimensions given are
nominal and Polypipe may modify and change the information, products and specifications from time to time for a variety of reasons, without prior notice.
The information in this Technical Guide is provided ‘as is’ on May 2011. Updates will not be issued automatically. This information is not intended to have any
legal effect, whether by way of advice, representation or warranty (express or implied). We accept no liability whatsoever (to the extent permitted by law) if
you place any reliance on this Technical Guide and you must do so at your own risk. All rights reserved. Copyright in this publication belongs to Polypipe and
all such copyright may not be used, sold, copied or reproduced in whole or part in any manner in any media to any person without prior consent. is
a registered trademark of Polypipe. All Polypipe products are protected by Design Right under CDPA 1988. Copyright © 2011 Polypipe. All rights reserved.
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Polypipe Water Management Solutions

Modular Cells Technical Guide

Polypipe Civils

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