AP Psychology Test Booklet

Makeup Exam Name

1. Eleven-month-old Jason drops a toy from his crib. He immediately looks over the side of the crib to search
for the toy. Jason’s behavior demonstrates that he has acquired

A conservation

B habituation

C dishabituation

D object permanence

E a zone of proximal development

2. A 40-year-old man and his 7-year-old son move to a country where they have to learn a new language.
Compared with his son, the 40-year-old man will

A have more difficulty learning to produce phonemes that do not exist in his native language

B require less active processing to acquire the syntax of the new language

C overregularize more often

D learn the grammar of the new language more slowly but ultimately acquire the language better

E learn new vocabulary at a faster rate by using techniques such as fast mapping

3. Four-year-old Craig understands that birds build nests in trees. In his front yard, Craig notices an unusually
large nest. He is scared to go near it, fearing that some large bird may attack him. Craig’s father explains to
him that squirrels also build nests and that the nest in the front yard is that of a squirrel. Craig changes his
thinking to now include the fact that squirrels build nests. Jean Piaget would say that Craig’s new way of
thinking about nests is an example of

Copyright © 2021. The College Board. These materials are part of a College Board program. Use or distribution of these materials online or in print beyond your
school’s participation in the program is prohibited.
Page 1 of 54
 AP Psychology Test Booklet

Makeup Exam

A insight

B accommodation

C an algorithm

D a heuristic

E conservation

4. A common psychological effect of alcohol intake is

A reduced inhibition

B anxiety

C enhanced memory

D psychosis

E heightened creativity

Question is based on the following.

In a two-phase study, participants were randomly assigned to either group A or group B. All participants were
subjected to a series of irritating air puffs directed at the face. In the first phase of the study, participants in group A
pressed a button that stopped the air puffs. Participants in group B pressed a button that had no effect on the air
puffs. In the second phase of the study, both groups had buttons that, if pressed, would stop the air puffs.

Copyright © 2021. The College Board. These materials are part of a College Board program. Use or distribution of these materials online or in print beyond your
school’s participation in the program is prohibited.
Page 2 of 54
 AP Psychology Test Booklet

Makeup Exam

5. Which of the following disorders is hypothesized to result most frequently from real-world conditions that
are similar to those used in the study?

A Autism spectrum

B Bipolar

C Dependent personality

D Major depressive

E Obsessive-compulsive

6. The study most directly explores the concept of

A learned helplessness

B social facilitation

C retrograde amnesia

D the mere-exposure effect

E regression to the mean

7. When Amy was seven years of age, she had a babysitter from France. During this time Amy learned to
speak a little French. Years later, when Amy got to college, she signed up for a beginning French class.
Amy learned the material in her French class much more quickly than her classmates did. Amy’s rapid
learning was most likely due to

Copyright © 2021. The College Board. These materials are part of a College Board program. Use or distribution of these materials online or in print beyond your
school’s participation in the program is prohibited.
Page 3 of 54
 AP Psychology Test Booklet

Makeup Exam

A implicit memory

B episodic memory

C spontaneous recovery

D deductive reasoning

E fluid intelligence

8. While attending a concert, Anthony finds that he can clearly recognize the melody coming from the lead
violin above all the other instruments playing in the orchestra, even though the other instruments may be
louder. Gestalt psychologists would explain Anthony’s ability using the principle of

A figure-ground

B closure

C simplicity

D constancy

E proximity

9. The argument over the relative contributions of heredity and environment in the development of various
behaviors and personality traits is known as which of the following controversies?

Copyright © 2021. The College Board. These materials are part of a College Board program. Use or distribution of these materials online or in print beyond your
school’s participation in the program is prohibited.
Page 4 of 54
 AP Psychology Test Booklet

Makeup Exam

A Continuous versus discrete

B Nature versus nurture

C Active versus passive

D Critical period versus sensitive period

E Ages versus stages

10. Bailey and Marcus packed everything they thought they would need for a weekend camping trip. When it
rained and they realized they had not brought rain gear, Bailey said, “I knew we should have packed
raincoats!” Bailey’s thinking illustrates which of the following concepts?

A An algorithm

B A flashbulb memory

C Hindsight bias

D The representativeness heuristic

E Prospective memory

11. The Barnum effect in psychological assessment refers to

Copyright © 2021. The College Board. These materials are part of a College Board program. Use or distribution of these materials online or in print beyond your
school’s participation in the program is prohibited.
Page 5 of 54
 AP Psychology Test Booklet

Makeup Exam

A when there is insufficient statistical support to confirm a test’s reliability

B the tendency of individuals to accept vague personality descriptions as accurate

C when an interviewee demonstrates a consistently negative response set

D the influence of an interviewer’s personal bias on the outcome of an interview

E the influence of distracting test conditions on a test taker’s performance

12. When Betty lost her job, she kept returning to work each morning because she did not remember that she
had been fired. She saw a doctor, who found no brain injury or other neurological condition that would
prevent her from remembering. Which psychological disorder is Betty most likely experiencing?

A Bipolar disorder

B Schizophrenia

C Obsessive-compulsive disorder

D Dissociative amnesia

E Antisocial personality disorder

13. The brain’s ability to adapt after it is damaged is known as

Copyright © 2021. The College Board. These materials are part of a College Board program. Use or distribution of these materials online or in print beyond your
school’s participation in the program is prohibited.
Page 6 of 54
 AP Psychology Test Booklet

Makeup Exam

A integration

B plasticity

C polarization

D lateralization

E specificity

14. Initially, intelligence quotients were calculated on the basis of a person’s mental and chronological ages.
Using that approach, a person with a mental age of 12 and an intelligence score of 120 would have a
chronological age of

A 10

B 12

C 14

D 16

E 18

15. During a political debate, Candidate A expresses detailed facts on an important issue. Candidate B responds
with an emotional appeal on the same issue. Which method of persuasion is each of the candidates using?

Copyright © 2021. The College Board. These materials are part of a College Board program. Use or distribution of these materials online or in print beyond your
school’s participation in the program is prohibited.
Page 7 of 54
 AP Psychology Test Booklet

Makeup Exam

A Candidate A is using the peripheral route, and Candidate B is using the central route.

B Candidate A is using the peripheral route, and Candidate B is using the door-in-the-face technique.

C Candidate A is using the central route, and Candidate B is using the peripheral route.

D Candidate A is using the central route, and Candidate B is using the foot-in-the-door technique.

E Candidate A is using the foot-in-the-door technique, and Candidate B is using the peripheral route.

16. A child whose family owns a dog may refer to any four-legged animal as “dog.” In learning theory, such
behavior is known as

A stimulus generalization

B operant conditioning

C classical conditioning

D ecological validity

E shaping

17. Children of authoritative parents tend to be

Copyright © 2021. The College Board. These materials are part of a College Board program. Use or distribution of these materials online or in print beyond your
school’s participation in the program is prohibited.
Page 8 of 54
 AP Psychology Test Booklet

Makeup Exam

A immature

B indecisive

C independent

D withdrawn

E aggressive

18. The process of converting incoming physical energy into a neural code that can be processed is called

A transduction

B sensory threshold

C sensory adaptation

D parallel processing

E transferred excitation

19. Damage to Wernicke’s area is most likely to be associated with difficulty in

Copyright © 2021. The College Board. These materials are part of a College Board program. Use or distribution of these materials online or in print beyond your
school’s participation in the program is prohibited.
Page 9 of 54
 AP Psychology Test Booklet

Makeup Exam

A tasting

B hearing

C seeing

D understanding language

E moving arms and legs

20. Denny does not have wrapping paper to use to wrap a birthday present, and so he decides to use colorful
newspaper comics instead. Denny’s solution demonstrates that he has overcome

A functional fixedness

B the fundamental attribution error

C cognitive dissonance

D egocentrism

E a self-serving bias

21. According to the diathesis-stress model of schizophrenia, which of the following is true of a person with a
genetic predisposition for developing schizophrenia?

Copyright © 2021. The College Board. These materials are part of a College Board program. Use or distribution of these materials online or in print beyond your
school’s participation in the program is prohibited.
Page 10 of 54
 AP Psychology Test Booklet

Makeup Exam

A The person will definitely develop and show the disorder.

B The person has a mother who has been diagnosed with schizophrenia.

C The person will develop symptoms of the disorder during young adulthood.

D The person has a high level of dopamine activity.

E The person has an increased likelihood of developing the disorder during a period of major life changes.

22. The difficulty many people have recalling the details of common objects such as pennies can best be
explained by

A interference

B memory decay

C repression

D a lack of encoding

E amnesia

23. Dora alternates between periods of extreme euphoria, when she is very talkative, overconfident, and
hyperactive, and times of profound sadness, when she experiences feelings of hopelessness. Which of the
following disorders is Dora most likely exhibiting?

Copyright © 2021. The College Board. These materials are part of a College Board program. Use or distribution of these materials online or in print beyond your
school’s participation in the program is prohibited.
Page 11 of 54
 AP Psychology Test Booklet

Makeup Exam

A Borderline personality

B Major depressive

C Bipolar

D Generalized anxiety

E Schizophrenia

24. In the 1800s, the activist Dorothea Dix led a movement in support of

A using introspection as a therapeutic procedure

B eliminating the policy of deinstitutionalization

C adopting the belief that mental disorders occur when people fail to conform to society’s expectations

D outlawing the practice of surgical lobotomy

E improving the treatment of patients with mental disorders who were housed in asylums

25. Dr. Lee is interested in the effect of lighting on people’s ability to concentrate. Dr. Lee studies this by
manipulating the amount of lighting while participants read and then measuring their scores on a reading
comprehension test. Group 1 receives dim light, and group 2 receives bright light. Which of the following
research methods is Dr. Lee using?

Copyright © 2021. The College Board. These materials are part of a College Board program. Use or distribution of these materials online or in print beyond your
school’s participation in the program is prohibited.
Page 12 of 54
 AP Psychology Test Booklet

Makeup Exam

A A case study

B A survey

C A correlational study

D An experiment

E A simulation

Question is based on the following.

26. The area labeled A contains the

Copyright © 2021. The College Board. These materials are part of a College Board program. Use or distribution of these materials online or in print beyond your
school’s participation in the program is prohibited.
Page 13 of 54
 AP Psychology Test Booklet

Makeup Exam

A auditory nerves

B pinna

C ossicles

D cochlea

E semi-circular canals

27. Which of the following structures is part of the vestibular system?

A A

B B

C C

D D

E E

28. Even though Eli prefers romantic comedy movies, he often goes to action-adventure movies to fit in with his
friends. Eli’s behavior can best be explained by

Copyright © 2021. The College Board. These materials are part of a College Board program. Use or distribution of these materials online or in print beyond your
school’s participation in the program is prohibited.
Page 14 of 54
 AP Psychology Test Booklet

Makeup Exam

A the reciprocity norm

B obedience

C normative social influence

D informational social influence

E companionate love

29. Lisa is a college English major. She believes all math majors are analytical, logical, and serious. Lisa seems
to be demonstrating

A group polarization

B ingroup bias

C the actor-observer effect

D outgroup homogeneity bias

E stereotype threat

Copyright © 2021. The College Board. These materials are part of a College Board program. Use or distribution of these materials online or in print beyond your
school’s participation in the program is prohibited.
Page 15 of 54
 AP Psychology Test Booklet

Makeup Exam

30.

Which part of the brain represented above is indicated by A?

A Cerebellum

B Prefrontal cortex

C Somatosensory cortex

D Wernicke’s area

E Broca’s area

31. The type of intelligence that Howard Gardner described as individuals’ abilities to understand themselves
and to be aware of their talents and limitations is

Copyright © 2021. The College Board. These materials are part of a College Board program. Use or distribution of these materials online or in print beyond your
school’s participation in the program is prohibited.
Page 16 of 54
 AP Psychology Test Booklet

Makeup Exam

A naturalistic

B interpersonal

C kinesthetic

D intrapersonal

E g

32. During the high-wire act, Grace walks along a rope suspended 30 feet above the circus floor. Which of the
following is most involved in helping Grace coordinate her movements and maintain her balance during the
performance?

A Cerebellum

B Hypothalamus

C Hippocampus

D Sympathetic nervous system

E Parasympathetic nervous system

Copyright © 2021. The College Board. These materials are part of a College Board program. Use or distribution of these materials online or in print beyond your
school’s participation in the program is prohibited.
Page 17 of 54
 AP Psychology Test Booklet

Makeup Exam

33.

A psychologist administered the most recent edition of the Stanford-Binet IQ test to 50 students and their
scores are shown in the chart above. How many students earned scores higher than two standard deviations
above the mean?

A 2

B 3

C 8

D 10

E 20

Copyright © 2021. The College Board. These materials are part of a College Board program. Use or distribution of these materials online or in print beyond your
school’s participation in the program is prohibited.
Page 18 of 54
 AP Psychology Test Booklet

Makeup Exam

34.

In an experiment, either a sad video or a happy video was shown to participants to influence their moods.
The participants were then asked to memorize a list of words. Later, the participants were again shown
either the same video they had seen before memorizing the words or they were shown the other video, and
they were then asked to recall the words they had memorized previously. The results of the experiment,
summarized in the chart above, best illustrate which psychological concept?

A Episodic memory

B State-dependent memory

C Latent learning

D Observational learning

E Encoding failure

35. Harry Harlow’s experiments with rhesus monkeys and surrogate mothers demonstrate the importance of

Copyright © 2021. The College Board. These materials are part of a College Board program. Use or distribution of these materials online or in print beyond your
school’s participation in the program is prohibited.
Page 19 of 54
 AP Psychology Test Booklet

Makeup Exam

A socialization to neural development

B environmental stimulation to cognitive development

C contact comfort to attachment

D imprinting to observational learning

E instincts to reproductive habits

36.

The above diagram illustrates which of the following psychological concepts?

Copyright © 2021. The College Board. These materials are part of a College Board program. Use or distribution of these materials online or in print beyond your
school’s participation in the program is prohibited.
Page 20 of 54
 AP Psychology Test Booklet

Makeup Exam

A Fundamental attribution error

B Reciprocity norm

C Deindividuation

D Social trap

E Bystander effect

37. It is important for researchers to use precise operational definitions when

A they want to ensure that conditions are assigned randomly

B they want to be able to replicate the experiment

C they want to organize the hypotheses appropriately

D they are conducting experimental research but not correlational research

E they are conducting an experiment with no independent and dependent variables

38. Isaac’s father offers to give him five dollars for every good grade he earns on his report card. Which of the
following is a type of motivation being used by Isaac’s father?

Copyright © 2021. The College Board. These materials are part of a College Board program. Use or distribution of these materials online or in print beyond your
school’s participation in the program is prohibited.
Page 21 of 54
 AP Psychology Test Booklet

Makeup Exam

A Drive reduction

B Instinct

C Intrinsic

D Incentive

E Humanistic

39. Jack performed well on the most recent math test. When asked why he performed well, Jack said it was
because of his high level of ability. Jerry performed poorly on the same test. When asked why, Jerry said
that the test was unfair. These attitudes illustrate

A the self-serving bias

B self-efficacy

C learned helplessness

D the fundamental attribution error

E role-playing

40. James takes an IQ test when he is in third grade and receives a score of 112. When he is tested again in sixth
grade with an alternate version of the same test, his score is 114. The fact that the two scores are very
similar most directly indicates that the IQ test is

Copyright © 2021. The College Board. These materials are part of a College Board program. Use or distribution of these materials online or in print beyond your
school’s participation in the program is prohibited.
Page 22 of 54
 AP Psychology Test Booklet

Makeup Exam

A valid

B reliable

C biased

D standardized

E accurate

41. Janie is successful with word games that require her to create words out of a series of letters. Which of the
following combinations most likely contributes to her success?

A Linguistic intelligence and a mental set

B Linguistic intelligence and heuristics

C Spatial intelligence and functional fixedness

D Spatial intelligence and heuristics

E Spatial intelligence and a mental set

42. When Joe arrives at the library, he can choose from any of several strategies that might help him find the
book he needs. He could examine all the books on every shelf, and be certain that he would eventually find
the book he wants, but this strategy would take too long. Joe decides instead to ask a librarian to direct him
to the appropriate section of the library. Joe is using

Copyright © 2021. The College Board. These materials are part of a College Board program. Use or distribution of these materials online or in print beyond your
school’s participation in the program is prohibited.
Page 23 of 54
 AP Psychology Test Booklet

Makeup Exam

A fixation

B a mental set

C a prototype

D a heuristic

E an algorithm

43. Jorgas struggles with meeting new people. He is very shy and does not approach people at social events.
Because of this, people assume he does not want to talk to them and they avoid him, which in turn
reinforces Jorgas’ anxiety about approaching people. Jorgas’ situation illustrates which of the following
principles?

A Locus of control

B Reciprocal determinism

C Implicit personality theory

D Learned helplessness

E Modeling

Question is based on the following.

Karl goes to see Dr. Norton to help him overcome his fear of cats. Karl’s fear began in childhood when he petted a
cat and someone slammed a door. Every time Karl petted the cat, the door slammed. Now whenever Karl sees a cat,
he becomes very anxious.

Copyright © 2021. The College Board. These materials are part of a College Board program. Use or distribution of these materials online or in print beyond your
school’s participation in the program is prohibited.
Page 24 of 54
 AP Psychology Test Booklet

Makeup Exam

44. Karl may have been reluctant to try therapy to change his fear because he believes that his efforts to change
are ineffective. This would indicate that Karl has low

A self-esteem

B self-regulation

C self-perception

D self-efficacy

E self-concept

45. Karl’s fear of cats is classified as

A obsessive-compulsive disorder

B panic disorder

C a specific phobia

D generalized anxiety disorder

E conversion disorder

46. Dr. Norton puts a cat in the room with Karl and prevents Karl from avoiding or escaping the cat until Karl’s
anxiety naturally dissipates. The treatment is called

Copyright © 2021. The College Board. These materials are part of a College Board program. Use or distribution of these materials online or in print beyond your
school’s participation in the program is prohibited.
Page 25 of 54
 AP Psychology Test Booklet

Makeup Exam

A systematic desensitization

B participant modeling

C aversion therapy

D counterconditioning

E flooding

47. In the development of Karl’s fear of cats, what was the unconditioned stimulus (UCS) ?

A Fear

B The cat

C The slamming of the door

D The person who slammed the door

E The room in which the door slamming took place

48. Laura is in transition from Erik Erikson’s industry versus inferiority stage into the identity versus role
confusion stage. Which of the following is most likely what Laura is experiencing?

Copyright © 2021. The College Board. These materials are part of a College Board program. Use or distribution of these materials online or in print beyond your
school’s participation in the program is prohibited.
Page 26 of 54
 AP Psychology Test Booklet

Makeup Exam

A She is less affected by self-esteem and more interested in initiative.

B She is more concerned with autonomy than feelings of guilt.

C She is less interested in accomplishing things and more interested in defining herself.

D She is more affected by matters of trust and is not spending much time thinking, “Am I good or bad?”

E She is more interested in doing things for herself than relying on others.

49. The utterance “likes dog my swim to” does not sound correct because it violates the rules of

A lexicon

B prosody

C syntax

D fast mapping

E morphemes

50. In legal cases, Elizabeth Loftus’ research on the misinformation effect is most often used to cast doubt on
which of the following?

Copyright © 2021. The College Board. These materials are part of a College Board program. Use or distribution of these materials online or in print beyond your
school’s participation in the program is prohibited.
Page 27 of 54
 AP Psychology Test Booklet

Makeup Exam

A The knowledge of expert witnesses

B The judgment of jurors

C The memory of eyewitnesses

D The impartiality of judges

E The intelligence of attorneys

51. Marissa is a good tennis player whose performance seems to improve as the crowd watching her gets larger.
The best explanation for this phenomenon is

A the bystander effect

B misattribution

C social facilitation

D a social schema

E the self-serving bias

52. Michael states that his friend Scott is cheap. Michael does not realize he himself is cheap. If Scott is not
cheap, which of the following defense mechanisms is Michael using?

Copyright © 2021. The College Board. These materials are part of a College Board program. Use or distribution of these materials online or in print beyond your
school’s participation in the program is prohibited.
Page 28 of 54
 AP Psychology Test Booklet

Makeup Exam

A Regression

B Displacement

C Identification

D Projection

E Reaction formation

53. In Stanley Milgram’s classic studies of obedience, teachers in a staged experiment were instructed to
administer shocks to learners when they made mistakes. A large percentage of the teachers obeyed the
experimenter and administered strong levels of shock to the learners. When this experiment is described,
most people judge the obedient participants to be aggressive, cold, and unappealing, and they fail to
recognize the role of social forces in behavior. The mistaken judgment is due to

A deindividuation

B the fundamental attribution error

C a self-serving bias

D groupthink

E psychological reactance

54. Research participants are randomly assigned to one of three groups. One group listens to a list of words,
another group reads a list of words printed on paper, and the remaining group hears and reads the words.
The researcher then tests the participants’ memories to see how many words the members of each group can
recall. The modality in which the words are presented (i.e., auditory, visual, or both) is which type of
variable?

Copyright © 2021. The College Board. These materials are part of a College Board program. Use or distribution of these materials online or in print beyond your
school’s participation in the program is prohibited.
Page 29 of 54
 AP Psychology Test Booklet

Makeup Exam

A Confounding

B Dependent

C Independent

D Extraneous

E Control

55. Nervousness can result in faster and more shallow breathing as well as a racing heart. This is due to
activation of the

A somatic nervous system

B parasympathetic nervous system

C sympathetic nervous system

D corpus callosum

E cerebellum

56. The network of structures involved in emotion, motivation, and memory is the

Copyright © 2021. The College Board. These materials are part of a College Board program. Use or distribution of these materials online or in print beyond your
school’s participation in the program is prohibited.
Page 30 of 54
 AP Psychology Test Booklet

Makeup Exam

A limbic system

B pons

C corpus callosum

D occipital lobe

E parietal lobe

57. Nick is smiling even though he does not feel happy. After a short time he feels happier. The best explanation
for Nick’s change in mood is

A justification of effort

B facial feedback

C bottom-up processing

D selective encoding

E homeostasis

58. A four-year-old child frequently pulled on the dog’s tail to gain attention. To reduce this undesirable
behavior, the parent took away one hour of television viewing every time the child pulled the dog’s tail.
Within one week, the undesirable behavior was significantly reduced. The above scenario illustrates

Copyright © 2021. The College Board. These materials are part of a College Board program. Use or distribution of these materials online or in print beyond your
school’s participation in the program is prohibited.
Page 31 of 54
 AP Psychology Test Booklet

Makeup Exam

A positive reinforcement

B negative reinforcement

C negative punishment

D positive punishment

E extinction

59. Petunia experiences distress every time she leaves her house and goes out into a crowd. The most likely
diagnosis for her would be which of the following types of disorders?

A Anxiety

B Somatic symptom and related

C Neurodevelopmental

D Schizophrenia spectrum and other psychotic

E Personality

60. In order to get more audience participation, a radio show offers a prize to the first person to call the show at
the beginning of every hour. The show is using which of the following schedules of reinforcement?

Copyright © 2021. The College Board. These materials are part of a College Board program. Use or distribution of these materials online or in print beyond your
school’s participation in the program is prohibited.
Page 32 of 54
 AP Psychology Test Booklet

Makeup Exam

A Continuous

B Fixed ratio

C Fixed interval

D Variable ratio

E Variable interval

61. Psychodynamic therapy has its roots in the theories of

A Sigmund Freud

B B. F. Skinner

C Abraham Maslow

D Carl Rogers

E John B. Watson

62. A patient with symptoms of depression is working with a psychologist and reports that he has no meaningful
relationships and no skills that allow him to make friends. The psychologist determines that the patient's
beliefs and lack of interpersonal skills are the primary contributors to his depression. Which of the following
treatments is the psychologist most likely to use?

Copyright © 2021. The College Board. These materials are part of a College Board program. Use or distribution of these materials online or in print beyond your
school’s participation in the program is prohibited.
Page 33 of 54
 AP Psychology Test Booklet

Makeup Exam

A Cognitive-behavioral therapy

B Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT)

C Psychoanalysis

D Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (RTMS)

E Antidepressant medications

63. After listening to a radio station play the same set of songs every three hours, Ivan grows to like them.
Ivan’s reaction can be best explained by

A frequency theory

B functional fixedness

C the central route to persuasion

D the mere-exposure effect

E the phi phenomenon

64. Samuel became ill after eating pepperoni pizza and refuses to eat it now. However, he still enjoys plain
pizza. Samuel’s eating behavior illustrates

Copyright © 2021. The College Board. These materials are part of a College Board program. Use or distribution of these materials online or in print beyond your
school’s participation in the program is prohibited.
Page 34 of 54
 AP Psychology Test Booklet

Makeup Exam

A negative reinforcement

B discrimination

C shaping

D generalization

E chaining

65. Because he is afraid of public speaking, Scott withdraws from a class that requires an oral presentation and
enrolls in another class without a presentation requirement. He continues the pattern, switching classes each
semester to avoid giving presentations. Scott’s behavior has been

A positively reinforced

B negatively reinforced

C punished

D weakened

E classically conditioned

66. After Sharon stares at a patch of saturated green color for a brief period of time, she looks at a white surface
and sees a red patch of color. This perceptual phenomenon is best explained by

Copyright © 2021. The College Board. These materials are part of a College Board program. Use or distribution of these materials online or in print beyond your
school’s participation in the program is prohibited.
Page 35 of 54
 AP Psychology Test Booklet

Makeup Exam

A retinal disparity

B color constancy

C selective attention

D trichromatic theory

E opponent-process theory

67. Sheila has a favorite book that she enjoys so much she has read it several times. This book is now assigned
in her literature class, and students receive gift certificates for each chapter they read. As the class
progresses through the book, Sheila finds she enjoys it less. This illustrates

A overjustification

B anchoring and adjustment

C habituation

D extinction

E cognitive dissonance

68. Melinda went skydiving. As soon as she landed, a handsome man helped her gather her parachute.
Melinda’s heart was beating quickly and her hands were perspiring. Melinda inferred that she must be
attracted to him. Which of the following is a theory of emotion that would best explain the relationship
between Melinda’s physiological state and her apparent attraction to the man that helped her?

Copyright © 2021. The College Board. These materials are part of a College Board program. Use or distribution of these materials online or in print beyond your
school’s participation in the program is prohibited.
Page 36 of 54
 AP Psychology Test Booklet

Makeup Exam

A Cannon-Bard

B James-Lange

C Arousal

D Schachter two-factor

E Social exchange

69. According to social psychologists, which of the following characteristics makes two people LEAST likely to
develop a lasting romantic relationship?

A Having very different personalities

B Being in four classes and three extracurricular clubs together

C Living on the same floor in a college dorm

D Being highly attracted to each other

E Having similar levels of physical attractiveness

70. Steve’s cat used to run away from loud music. Over time the cat stopped running away from the sound.
Which of the following processes has occurred?

Copyright © 2021. The College Board. These materials are part of a College Board program. Use or distribution of these materials online or in print beyond your
school’s participation in the program is prohibited.
Page 37 of 54
 AP Psychology Test Booklet

Makeup Exam

A Classical conditioning

B Habituation

C Generalization

D Operant conditioning

E Sensitization

71. The Thematic Apperception Test (TAT) is based on the hypothesis that when a person interprets an
ambiguous picture, that person is

A expressing unique sensory processes

B generating objective measurements that are more effective than subjective measures in assessing personality

C projecting an internal psychological state onto an external stimulus

D showing the effects of patterns of positive and negative reinforcement

E providing information regarding one’s own level of creativity

Question is based on the following.

A group of psychologists wanted to develop an intelligence test that would be quicker to administer than the one
they were using, which was a standardized test that required answering as many questions correctly as possible in a
given time. The existing test was considered valid and reliable. In the psychologists’ new test, participants had to
find an image hidden in a visual display as quickly as possible. The psychologists collected data to determine the
relation between the number of items the participants answered correctly on the original standardized test and the
time it took them to spot the hidden image on the new test. The graph below displays the results.

Copyright © 2021. The College Board. These materials are part of a College Board program. Use or distribution of these materials online or in print beyond your
school’s participation in the program is prohibited.
Page 38 of 54
 AP Psychology Test Booklet

Makeup Exam

72. Based on the graph, which of the following would most likely be used to assess the relation between the
participants’ scores on the two tests?

A A t test

B A correlation

C Analysis of variance

D Descriptive statistics

E Factor analysis

73. Which of the following values best represents the value of the statistic associated with the graph?

Copyright © 2021. The College Board. These materials are part of a College Board program. Use or distribution of these materials online or in print beyond your
school’s participation in the program is prohibited.
Page 39 of 54
 AP Psychology Test Booklet

Makeup Exam

A −0.50

B 0.00

C 1.00

D 1.96

E 3.00

74. The fovea has the greatest visual acuity in bright light primarily because the fovea is

A near the center of the visual field

B close to the lens

C not close to the blind spot

D an extension of the frontal lobe

E made up of only cones

75. During her psychotherapy sessions, Justine finds that her therapist often paraphrases what she has said, asks
for clarification, and seems to understand her feelings. The therapist’s approach is most consistent with that
of

Copyright © 2021. The College Board. These materials are part of a College Board program. Use or distribution of these materials online or in print beyond your
school’s participation in the program is prohibited.
Page 40 of 54
 AP Psychology Test Booklet

Makeup Exam

A Carl Rogers

B Sigmund Freud

C Albert Ellis

D Erik Erikson

E Fritz Perls

76. Using a mathematical formula to find the solution to a problem is an example of

A elaborative rehearsal

B a means-end analysis

C insight

D an algorithm

E divergent thinking

77. Which of the following behaviors best demonstrates an emotional response associated with the short route
from the thalamus to the amygdala, as described by Joseph LeDoux?

Copyright © 2021. The College Board. These materials are part of a College Board program. Use or distribution of these materials online or in print beyond your
school’s participation in the program is prohibited.
Page 41 of 54
 AP Psychology Test Booklet

Makeup Exam

A Sherry receives a high score on an exam and jumps up and down in celebration.

Miguel jumps up on a chair because he thinks he sees something moving along the wall. When he realizes it
B
was just a dust ball, he gets off the chair.

Hannah has seen her mother crying at greeting card commercials, so now Hannah always cries whenever
C
she sees a greeting card commercial.

As Charulata approaches her front door, she hears a rustle in the bushes. She sees the tail of a cat sticking
D
out of the bushes, so she calmly walks into the house.

While waiting for a concert to begin, the crowd gets rowdy, so Anna joins in the rowdy behavior and begins
E
to shout.

78. Which of the following regions of the body has the largest area of sensory cortex devoted to it?

A Trunk

B Arm

C Shoulder

D Leg

E Face

79. Which of the following describes the correct order of information processing in vision?

Copyright © 2021. The College Board. These materials are part of a College Board program. Use or distribution of these materials online or in print beyond your
school’s participation in the program is prohibited.
Page 42 of 54
 AP Psychology Test Booklet

Makeup Exam

A Bipolar cells→rods and cones→ganglion cells→optic nerve

B Optic nerve→rods and cones→bipolar cells→ganglion cells

C Rods and cones→bipolar cells→ganglion cells→optic nerve

D Ganglion cells→bipolar cells→rods and cones→optic nerve

E Rods and cones→ganglion cells→bipolar cells→optic nerve

80. Which of the following is a disease in which the immune system attacks the myelin of neurons in the central
nervous system?

A Parkinson's disease

B Multiple sclerosis

C Schizophrenia

D Epilepsy

E Rett syndrome

81. Which of the following is the best evidence that social interaction is preprogrammed in humans and does not
need to be learned?

Copyright © 2021. The College Board. These materials are part of a College Board program. Use or distribution of these materials online or in print beyond your
school’s participation in the program is prohibited.
Page 43 of 54
 AP Psychology Test Booklet

Makeup Exam

A Newborns turn their heads if their cheeks are stroked.

B Newborns prefer sweet over bitter tastes.

C Newborns are born with the Moro reflex.

D Newborns focus longer on pictures of typical faces than on ones that show faces with jumbled features.

E Newborns’ development is proximodistal.

82. Which of the following is an example of a strong negative correlation?

Copyright © 2021. The College Board. These materials are part of a College Board program. Use or distribution of these materials online or in print beyond your
school’s participation in the program is prohibited.
Page 44 of 54
 AP Psychology Test Booklet

Makeup Exam

Copyright © 2021. The College Board. These materials are part of a College Board program. Use or distribution of these materials online or in print beyond your
school’s participation in the program is prohibited.
Page 45 of 54
 AP Psychology Test Booklet

Makeup Exam

83. Which of the following scenarios best exemplifies practical intelligence as suggested by Robert Sternberg’s
triarchic theory?

A A child becomes an accomplished dancer.

B A student achieves high scores on the math and language portions of a standardized exam.

C A club president devises a way to publicize important upcoming events.

D A student composes a new song.

E A child has few social skills but an unusually strong memory.

84. Which of the following are involved in regulating circadian rhythms?

A Prefrontal cortex, occipital lobe, cerebellum

B Photoreceptors, hypothalamus, pineal gland

C Proprioceptors, thalamus, somatosensory cortex

D Medulla, thalamus, pituitary gland

E Cerebral cortex, motor cortex, adrenal glands

85. Which of the following is an example of a compulsion?

Copyright © 2021. The College Board. These materials are part of a College Board program. Use or distribution of these materials online or in print beyond your
school’s participation in the program is prohibited.
Page 46 of 54
 AP Psychology Test Booklet

Makeup Exam

A Having uncontrollable thoughts

B Having frequent daydreams

C Checking the doors twenty times before going to bed

D Refusing to leave the home because of worry about having a panic attack

E Believing that aliens are stealing thoughts

86. Which of the following is an individual more likely to do when working in a group?

A Provide needed help to a stranger

B Increase effort on a project

C Endorse an opinion with low popularity among group members

D Make a cautious, low-risk decision

E Show a decline in work output

87. Which of the following is a valid conclusion that the researchers could have drawn from the data?

Copyright © 2021. The College Board. These materials are part of a College Board program. Use or distribution of these materials online or in print beyond your
school’s participation in the program is prohibited.
Page 47 of 54
 AP Psychology Test Booklet

Makeup Exam

A The measurement from the new test is likely to be better than the measurement from the original test.

The new test provides information on intelligence that is highly comparable to that provided by the original
B
test.

C The new test produces scores that are generally unrelated to those produced by the original test.

D The new test is likely to be biased in favor of disadvantaged groups.

E Intelligence is too abstract a concept to measure accurately.

88. Which of the following psychological approaches suggests that jealousy might serve an adaptive function in
protecting a sexual relationship from threats?

A Cognitive

B Behavioral

C Psychodynamic

D Evolutionary

E Humanistic

89. Which of the following is most likely to be used as evidence against the concept of g ?

Copyright © 2021. The College Board. These materials are part of a College Board program. Use or distribution of these materials online or in print beyond your
school’s participation in the program is prohibited.
Page 48 of 54
 AP Psychology Test Booklet

Makeup Exam

A Mental age

B Standardization

C Insight

D Savant syndrome

E Imprinting

90. Which of the following measures can be precisely located on the graph of a skewed distribution without
doing any calculations?

A Mode

B Median

C Mean

D Standard deviation

E Variance

91. Which of the following methods best limits the influence of unknown variables in an experiment?

Copyright © 2021. The College Board. These materials are part of a College Board program. Use or distribution of these materials online or in print beyond your
school’s participation in the program is prohibited.
Page 49 of 54
 AP Psychology Test Booklet

Makeup Exam

A Random assignment

B Correlational study

C Debriefing

D Stratified sampling

E Subject matching

92. Of the following, which would most commonly be used to treat a phobia?

A Antipsychotic medication

B Aversive conditioning

C Systematic desensitization

D Token economy

E Group therapy

93. Which of the following neurotransmitters is most closely associated with schizophrenia?

Copyright © 2021. The College Board. These materials are part of a College Board program. Use or distribution of these materials online or in print beyond your
school’s participation in the program is prohibited.
Page 50 of 54
 AP Psychology Test Booklet

Makeup Exam

A Norepinephrine

B Acetylcholine

C Glutamate

D Dopamine

E Serotonin

94. Which of the following is NOT a product of learning?

A Slowing down to avoid getting a ticket

B Squinting in bright light

C Doing chores in order to receive money

D Getting acclimated to the frequent sound of trains going past one’s house

E Becoming afraid of dogs after being bitten by a dog

95. Which of the following brain regions is the part of the cerebral cortex that is most responsible for the
processing of visual stimuli?

Copyright © 2021. The College Board. These materials are part of a College Board program. Use or distribution of these materials online or in print beyond your
school’s participation in the program is prohibited.
Page 51 of 54
 AP Psychology Test Booklet

Makeup Exam

A Parietal lobe

B Temporal lobe

C Frontal lobe

D Occipital lobe

E Medulla

96. Which of the following treatments would reduce a drinker’s dependence on alcohol by changing the positive
effect of alcohol to a negative one?

A Systematic desensitization

B Insight therapy

C Aversive conditioning

D Psychoanalysis

E A token economy

97. Which of the following relates most to the lowest level of Abraham Maslow’s hierarchy of needs?

Copyright © 2021. The College Board. These materials are part of a College Board program. Use or distribution of these materials online or in print beyond your
school’s participation in the program is prohibited.
Page 52 of 54
 AP Psychology Test Booklet

Makeup Exam

A Social affiliation

B Self-actualization

C Fight-or-flight response

D Intrinsic motivation

E Drive reduction

98. Which of the following structures is most closely associated with communication between the central
nervous system and the endocrine system?

A Cerebellum

B Amygdala

C Medulla

D Reticular activating system

E Hypothalamus

99. Which of the following perspectives suggests that depression is due to the unconscious conflicts and hostile
feelings that originate in early childhood?

Copyright © 2021. The College Board. These materials are part of a College Board program. Use or distribution of these materials online or in print beyond your
school’s participation in the program is prohibited.
Page 53 of 54
 AP Psychology Test Booklet

Makeup Exam

A Biological

B Behavioral

C Psychoanalytic

D Cognitive

E Sociocultural

100. Which of the following techniques will a person-centered therapist most likely use?

A Systematic desensitization

B Free association

C Unconditional positive regard

D Dream analysis

E Rational-emotive behavior therapy

Copyright © 2021. The College Board. These materials are part of a College Board program. Use or distribution of these materials online or in print beyond your school’s participation in
the program is prohibited.
Page 54 of 54