Name: Grade & Section: Score:
School: Teacher: Subject: Statistics & Probability
LAS Writer: JONH RELL Y. PINGOY Content Editor: JOHANNAH Y. ACHURRA
Lesson Topic: Sampling Distribution (Q3 – Wk. 5, LAS 1)
Learning Targets: Illustrate random sample (M11/12SP-IIId-2);
Reference(s): Belecina, R., Baccay, E. & Mateo, E., 2016. Statistics and Probability. First Edition. Rex Book Store,
Inc, pp. 100 – 102.
Finch, S., & Gordan, L., 2013. Random sampling-A guide for teachers–Years 11 and 12. Probability
and statistics: Module, 23.
Researchers in different fields want to learn about a population. However, it may be impossible or at least impractical to
obtain data from the whole population. Suppose you want to find out the plans after completing Junior High School of 1,
000 Grade 10 Learners. Rather than asking all of them it would be easier if you will ask representatives of the whole
population. We call that random sample.
The word random describes the procedure used to select elements from a population. When random sampling is used, each
element in the population has an equal chance of being selected. A population includes all the elements from a set of data.
A sample consists of selected observations drawn from a population. It is a subset of the population. Gathering information
about an entire population often costs too much or is virtually impossible. Instead, we use a sample of the population.
For example, the total learners in a school is 1000 and to conduct a survey, a sample group of 100 learners is selected to do
the survey. In this case, the population is the total number of learners in the school and the sample group of 100 learners is
the sample. Each member has an equal opportunity of being chosen because all the learners which were chosen to be part
of the survey were selected randomly. But, there is always a possibility that the group or the sample does not represent the
population as a whole, in that case, any random variation is termed as a sampling error
Example:
Illustrative Example:
Grade 10 learners: 1, 000 learners (population) Random sample: 100 learners
sample
100
population
1,000
Activity 1. Identify whether the following refer to population or sample:
________1. The total number of students in a school.
________2. A group of 30 patients in a hospital undergoing treatment for COVID.
]]] ________3. The ages of all vendors in a public market.
________4. The top 50 top-earning Filipinos.
________5. The list of all countries in the world.
Activity 2. Consider sampling the 300 students, in a different way, to obtain a sample of 150 stu-dents. Alongside each
name, the numbers 1 and 2 are listed alternately (1, 2, 1, 2, . . .). A fair coin is tossed. If the outcome is heads, the sample is
taken to be the 150 students with a ‘1’ next to their name. If the outcome is tails, the sample is the 150 students with a ‘2’
next to their name.
a. Using this method, how many possible samples of 150 can be obtained?
b. Does every student have the same chance of selection?
c. Is this a simple random sample?
