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Cutting Tools Unit - 1 & 2

The document discusses cutting tools used in manufacturing. It begins by outlining the course objectives and outcomes, which are for students to understand different types of cutting tools, their properties, and practical applications. It then lists the various units that will be covered, including introduction to cutting tools, tool geometry, metal cutting theory, tool life design, and maintenance. Under the unit on tool geometry, it defines single-point and multi-point cutting tools and provides the nomenclature and key elements of each type of tool.

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Navajyoti Panda
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0% found this document useful (0 votes)
432 views114 pages

Cutting Tools Unit - 1 & 2

The document discusses cutting tools used in manufacturing. It begins by outlining the course objectives and outcomes, which are for students to understand different types of cutting tools, their properties, and practical applications. It then lists the various units that will be covered, including introduction to cutting tools, tool geometry, metal cutting theory, tool life design, and maintenance. Under the unit on tool geometry, it defines single-point and multi-point cutting tools and provides the nomenclature and key elements of each type of tool.

Uploaded by

Navajyoti Panda
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 114

MSME Technology Centre Bhiwadi

Plot No. SP3 – 871 (A), 872, RIICO Industrial Estate


Bhiwadi-301019, Distt. Alwar, Rajasthan
DESIGN OF CUTTING TOOLS
ADTDM -4TH SEM
A4-07

MSME Technology Centre Bhiwadi 2


COURSE OBJECTIVES/INSTRUCTIONAL OBJECTIVES
Students will be able
• Classify cutting tools.
• Understand the process of cutting tools & tools used.
• Understand the Properties of cutting fluid.

MSME Technology Centre Bhiwadi 3


COURSE OUTCOMES :
Students will be able
• Understand the concept of & applications of cutting tool.
• Understand the Properties of cutting fluid.
• Understand practical use of cutting tools

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UNITS
1. INTRODUCTION CUTTING TOOL
2. TOOL GEOMETRY
3. METAL CUTTING THEORY
4. CUTTING TOOL LIFE
5. DESIGN OF CUTTING TOOL
6. MAINTENANCE OF CUTTING TOOL

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INTRODUCTION CUTTING TOOL
UNIT-1

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OUTCOMES
Student should be able to
• Define the cutting tool.
• List the different types of cutting tool.
• Understand the cutting tool.

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CONTENTS
• Introduction
• Definition of cutting tool
• Different types of cutting tool

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Introduction
• One of most important components in machining process
• Performance will determine efficiency of operation
• Two basic types (excluding abrasives)
• Single point
• Multi point
• Must have rake and clearance angles ground or formed on them

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Cutting-Tool Materials
The tools are classified into an extensive line of material used, such as:

• Lathe tool bits generally made of five materials


• High-speed steel
• Cast alloys (such as stellite)
• Cemented carbides
• Ceramics
• Cermets
• More exotic finding wide use
• Borazon and polycrystalline diamond

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High-Speed Steel Toolbits
• May contain combinations of tungsten, chromium, vanadium,
molybdenum, cobalt
• Can take heavy cuts, withstand shock and maintain sharp cutting edge
under red heat
• Generally two types (general purpose)
• Molybdenum-base (Group M)
• Tungsten-base (Group T)
• Cobalt added if more red hardness desired

MSME Technology Centre Bhiwadi


Cemented-Carbide Toolbits
• Capable of cutting speeds 3 to 4 times high-speed steel toolbits
• Low toughness but high hardness and excellent red-hardness
• Consist of tungsten carbide sintered in cobalt matrix
• Straight tungsten used to machine cast iron and nonferrous materials
(crater easily)
• Different grades for different work

MSME Technology Centre Bhiwadi


Coated Carbide Toolbits
• Made by depositing thin layer of wear-resistant titanium nitride,
titanium carbide or aluminum oxide on cutting edge of tool
• Fused layer increases lubricity, improves cutting edge wear resistance by 200%-
500%
• Lowers breakage resistance up to 20%
• Provides longer life and increased cutting speeds
• Titanium-coated offer wear resistance at low speeds, ceramic coated for
higher speeds

MSME Technology Centre Bhiwadi


Ceramic Toolbits
• Permit higher cutting speeds, increased tool life and better surface finish
than carbide
• Weaker than carbide used in shock-free or low-shock situation
• Ceramic
• Heat-resistant material produced without metallic bonding agent such as cobalt
• Aluminum oxide most popular additive
• Titanium oxide or Titanium carbide can be added

MSME Technology Centre Bhiwadi


Diamond Toolbits
• Used mainly to machine nonferrous metals and abrasive nonmetallics
• Single-crystal natural diamonds
• High-wear but low shock-resistant factors
• Polycrystalline diamonds
• Tiny manufactured diamonds fused together and bonded to suitable carbide
substrate

MSME Technology Centre Bhiwadi


Types of Cutting Tools
• The types of cutting tools we’ll focus here is on milling and lathe cutting tools, including end mills, drills, and taps.
• End Mills are the most common cutting tools for CNC and manual mills and are generally used for machining the sides
and faces of a workpiece.
1. High-Speed Steel End Mill materials are designed for a variety of milling process on most materials. These tools are
available in a variety of sizes and can be single or double ended.
2. Standard Carbide End Mills are designed for general milling operations on all materials.
3. Performance Carbide End Mills are designed for specific applications, such as machining plastic, steel, and
aluminum.
• Drills are useful for mill and lathe work to drill holes into a workpiece. Drill bits are available in a variety of sizes and
styles. Center drills, Spot drills, Screw machine drills, and jobber length drills are just to name a few.
1. Center Drills are double ended high-speed steel and are ideal for setting up a live center (similar to a dead center).
It can cut at a 60-degree divot at the end of a workpiece.
2. Carbide steel spot/chamfer drill-mills are ideal for countersinking or spot drilling, drilling and edge chamfering.
3. Screw Machine Drills can be utilized for general-purpose drilling for most materials including steel, and are
available in a variety of sizes, including fractional, wire, and letter systems.
4. Jobber Length Drills could also be utilized for general-purpose drilling for most materials, including steel.

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• Taps, such as Spiral point taps or spiral flute taps, are ideal for cutting
threads into previously drilled holes. Taps are available for both general-
purpose and high-performance operations.
• General Purpose Spiral Flute Taps are ideal for creating threads in part on a
CNC mill.
• General Purpose Spiral Point Taps can be utilized on most metals and are
ideal for creating threads and through holes in a part of CNC mill.
• High-Performance Spiral Flute Taps are ideal for threading aluminum and
stainless-steel parts.
• High-Performance Spiral Flute Taps can be used for threading aluminum and
stainless-steel parts.

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CUTTING TOOL
NEED OF CUTTING TOOL IN
INDUSTRY:

DIFFERENT TYPES OF CUTTING


TOOL

MSME Technology Centre Bhiwadi


IMPORTANT ELEMENTS FOR METAL CUTTING:

1. MATERIAL OF CUTTING TOOL HARDER THAN THE JOB


MATERIAL
2. SHARP EDGE
3. RELATIVE MOTION BETWEEN CUTTING TOOL & WORK

MSME Technology Centre Bhiwadi


HISTORY OF CUTTING TOOL

MSME Technology Centre Bhiwadi


MSME Technology Centre Bhiwadi
MSME Technology Centre Bhiwadi
MSME Technology Centre Bhiwadi
MSME Technology Centre Bhiwadi
TOOL GEOMETRY
UNIT-2

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OUTCOMES
Student should be able to
• Differentiate between single & multi point cutting tool.
• Explain the single point cutting tool with nomenclature.
• Explain the multipoint cutting tool with nomenclature.
• Understand the nomenclature of drill, tap, die, reamer, milling cutter, hob,
broach

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CONTENTS
• Single point cutting tool
• Nomenclature of single point cutting tool
• Tool signature, Multi point cutting tool
• Nomenclature of multi point cutting tool - Drill, Tap, Die , Reamer,
Milling cutter, Hob, Broach.

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BASIC GEOMETRY OF CUTTING TOOL

MSME Technology Centre Bhiwadi


POINT ANGLES
BASIC GEOMETRY OF CUTTING TOOL
• BASIC GEOMETRY OF CHISEL
• GEOMETRY OF HACK-SAW
cutting tool
1. Single Point cutting tool:
• One cutting point or tip is available
• Example: Lathe Machine, Planning Machine tool
2. Multi-Point cutting tool:
• More than One cutting point or tip is available
• Example: Milling cutter, Grinding wheel, drill tool, extra.

MSME Technology Centre Bhiwadi 31


Single Point Cutting Tool Geometry /
Nomenclature:
• Shank Angle:
• Flank Side Cutting edge angle
• Face End cutting edge angle
Side relief angle
• Heel End relief angle
• Nose Back Rack angle
Side rack angle
• Nose radius
• Cutting Edges

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Nomenclature of single point cutting tool:
• The single point cutting tool has only one cutting point or edge. These tools used for turning, boring, shaping or
planning operations. These tools used on lathe, boring and shaper machines.
• A single point cutting tool consists of a sharpened cutting part and the shank and main parts or elements which are:
1: Shank
• It is the main body of the tool.
2: Flank:
• The surface or surfaces below the adjacent to the cutting edge is called flank of the tool.
3: Face
• The surface on which the chip slides is called the face of the tool.
4: Heel
• It is the intersection of the flank and the base of the tool.
5: Nose
• It is the point where the side cutting edge and end cutting edge intersect.
6: Cutting Edge
• It is the edge on the face of the tool which removes the material from the work piece. The cutting edge consists of the
side cutting edge(major cutting edge) and cutting edge(minor cutting edge) and the nose.

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Single Point Cutting Tool Advantages:
• The main advantages are:
• Design and fabrication are easy.
• This tool is a little cheaper in price.
Single Point Cutting Tool Disadvantages:
• The main disadvantages are:
• There is having little high tool wear rate.
• Shorter tool life. Single Point Cutting Tool Application:
This tool is used in several machines for producing a flat surface like:
• Low metal removal rate. Lathe machine
Shaper Machine and more
• Low productive.

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FAQ:
1.What is Single Point Cutting Tool?
2.Is Drill bit Single Point a tool?
• No. It is a different one. Drill bit tool used in the drilling machine.
3.What is the Nomenclature of the Single Point tool?
4.Is this tool Perform in Milling Machine?
• No. Here Multiple cutting tools perform.
5.On Which Machine Single Point cutting tool used? and What
Operation it performs?
• The machines like: Lathe, Shaper, Planer, Slotter, these tools used.
MSME Technology Centre Bhiwadi 35
Tool Geometry
• Both material and geometry of the cutting tools play very important roles
on their performances in achieving effectiveness, efficiency and overall
economy of machining

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Why SIGNATURE ???
• The numerical code that describes all the key angles of a given cutting
tool . A tool signature may be used for HSS or carbide inserts
• Convenient way to specify tool angles by use of a standardized
abbreviated system is known as tool signature or tool nomenclature.
• It indicates the angle that a tool utilizes during the cut.
• It specifies the active angles of the tool normal to the cutting edge.
• This will always be true as long as the tool shank is mounted at right
angles to the W/P axis.

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Tool Designation
• 1. ASA System (American Standard Association)
• 2. ORS System (Orthogonal Rake System)
• 3. NRS System (Normal Rake System)

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ASA (American Standard Association)
• It is pure geometrical in nature i.e no calculation as of mechanics.
• The ASA specify the tool geometry with three intersecting orthogonal
plane i.e one plane parallel to and other plane perpendicular to the cutting
tool n both of the them orthogonal to base of tool
1. P(b)-Base plane ; plane perpendicular to velocity vector or parallel to the base of
tool.
2. P(l)- Machine longitudinal plane ; plane orthogonal to the base plane n taken in
direction of assumed longitudinal feed.
3. P(t)- machine transverse plane; plane perpendicular to both Base plane and
Longitudinal plane
• It uses rectangular coordinate system but actual cutting plane of cutting
tool.

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Various tool angle specified in ASA system
• Back rake angle
• Side rake angle
• End relief angle
• Side relief angle
• End cutting edge
• Side cutting edge

MSME Technology Centre Bhiwadi 40


Schematic diagram of
ASA system

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TOOL DESIGNATION (ASA)
ORS (Orthogonal Rake System )
• ORS also called as old ISO system.
• The actual cutting plane is utilized and all the angles are measured in a
plane corresponding to cutting tool.
• The cutting plane is defined as the plane where the base of cutting tool is
present
• The cutting plane is defined as the plane normal to base plane and passing
through the principal cutting edge
• Base plane P(b):-Plane perpendicular to the cutting velocity vector
• Cutting plane P(c):-Plane perpendicular to P(b).and taken along principle
cutting edge.
• Orthogonal plane P(o):-Plane perpendicular to bot P(b) & P(c) and the axes.
MSME Technology Centre Bhiwadi 43
Various tool angle specifies in ORS system
• Inclination angle (i)
• Orthogonal rake angle ()
• Orthogonal clearance of principal flank angle
• Auxiliary orthogonal clearance angle
• Principal cutting edge angle
• Auxiliary cutting angle
• Nose radius

MSME Technology Centre Bhiwadi 44


Schematic diagram
of ORS system

MSME Technology Centre Bhiwadi 45


TOOL DESIGNATION (ORS)
ISO System or NORMAL RAKE system (NRS)
• The major problem with ORS system are these:
1.The true geometry of the cutting tool is not revealed when the cutting edges
are inclined from the base plane.
2.Also, tool grinding in ORS required additional calculation for setting of angles in
the cutter grinder .
• To overcome this problem NRS was introduced
• In this system the rake angle is visualized in the normal plane in place of
orthogonal plane in ORS
• In this system the base and cutting plane are same as ORS , but the third plane is
perpendicular to cutting edge of tool it is called the normal plane .
• In this system, the side rake angle is defined as the angle between the base plane
of tool and the rake face of the tool measured in a plane normal to side cutting
edge

MSME Technology Centre Bhiwadi 47


Typical problem of Tool Signature

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NOMENCLATURE OF FILE
NOMENCLATURE OF FILE
NOMENCLATURE OF FILE
METAL FORMING
NOMENCLATURE OF SINGLE POINT CUTTING TOOL
POSITIVE & NEGATIVE RAKE ANGLE
RIGHT- HAND & LEFT- HAND TOOL
RH ,LH & SYMMETRICAL TOOL
EFFECT OF CENTRE HIGHT
LATHE TOOL &
OPERATIONS(EXTERNAL)
LATHE OPERATIONS (EXTERNAL)
LATHE TOOL & OPERATIONS (INTERNAL)
LATHE TOOL & OPERATIONS (INTERNAL)
LATHE TOOL& OPERATIONS (INTERNAL)
LATHE TOOL& OPERATIONS (INTERNAL)
MSME Technology Centre Bhiwadi 66
Classification of cutting tools

MSME Technology Centre Bhiwadi 67


What is multi point cutting tool?
• A multi-point cutting tool contains more than two main cutting edges
that simultaneously engage in cutting action in a pass. Sometime,
cutters with two cutting edges (more than one) are also considered
multi-point cutting tools (instead of considering it as a double point
cutter). The number of cutting edges present in a multi-point cutter
may vary from three to few hundreds. Since cutting edge appears at
the intersection of rake surface and flank surface, so a set of rake
surface and flank surface also exists for each cutting edge.

MSME Technology Centre Bhiwadi 68


Examples of multi-point cutting tool
• Milling cutters are the common example for this category. Except fly
milling cutter (a single point cutter), others are usually multi-point
cutter. It can contain three cutting edges (say small end mills) to as high
as 40 cutting edges for heavy duty large cutters. Apart from milling
cutters, few other examples of multi-point cutter are enlisted below.
• Reamer (tool for reaming operation)
• Broach (tool for broaching operation)
• Hob (tool for hobbing operation)
• Grinding wheel (abrasive cutter)
• Hone (tool for honing operation)

MSME Technology Centre Bhiwadi 69


Advantages of multi-point cutting tool
• Since total feed rate or depth of cut is equally distributed among all cutting
edges, so chip load on each cutting edge reduces greatly. Thus higher feed rate or
depth of cut can be utilized to improve material removal rate for enhancing
productivity.
• Because of the distribution of chip load, force acting on each cutting edge
reduces significantly. Sometime, one component of cutting force as a whole gets
eliminated/reduced automatically (resultant of one cutting force component in a
particular direction may become zero).
• During machining, none of the cutting edge remains in continuous contact with
the work piece; instead, engagement and disengagement occur repeatedly. This
provides sufficient time to disperse heat from the tool body, which protects the
cutter from excessive heating and plastic deformation. Thus lower rate of
increase in tool temperature is observed due to intermittent cutting action.
• Due to lesser period of engagement and lesser heat accumulation within the tool
body, tool wear rate also reduces. Consequently, life of the cutter increases
MSME Technology Centre Bhiwadi 70
Disadvantages of multi-point cutting tool
• Due to intermittent cutting, cutting edges or teeth are subjected to
fluctuating load. This creates noise, vibration and endurance failure of
the cutter.
• Design and fabrication of the cutter is comparatively difficult. This
makes such cutter costlier.

MSME Technology Centre Bhiwadi 71


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MSME Technology Centre Bhiwadi 73
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NOMENCLATURE OF TWIST DRILL
POINT GEOMETRY OF TWIST DRILL
HELICAL ANGLE OF THE DRILL
EFFECTS OF IMPROPER
GEOMETRY
DRILL BREAKAGE
DRILL BREAKAGE
Reamers - Nomenclature and Definitions
AXIS
- The longitudinal centre-line of the reamer.
BODY
- That portion of the reamer extending from the entering end of the reamer to the commencement of the shank.
SHANK
- That portion of the reamer by which it is held and driven.
(i) Straight or parallel shank for machine use. A cylindrically ground shank without square.
(ii) Parallel hand shank. A cylindrical ground shank provided with a square at its extreme for driving the reamer.
(iii) Taper shank. A shank of recognized standard taper for machine use.
RECESS
- That portion of the body which is reduced in diameter below the cutting edges, pilot or guide diameters.
FLUTES
- The grooves in the body of the reamer to provide cutting edges, to permit the removal of chips, and to allow cutting fluid to reach the cutting edges.
CUTTING EDGE
- The edge formed by the intersection of the face and the circular land or the surface left by the provision of primary clearance.

MSME Technology Centre Bhiwadi 86


FACE
- That portion of the flute surface adjacent to the cutting edge on which the chip impinges as it is cut from the work.
LAND
-That portion of the fluted body not cut away by the flutes; the surface or the surfaces included between the cutting edge and the heel.
CIRCULAR LAND
-The cylindrically ground surface adjacent to the cutting edge, on the leading edge of the land .

HEEL

- The edge formed by the intersection of the surface left by the provision of secondary clearance and the flute.

PRIMARY CLEARANCE

- That portion of the land removed to provide clearance immediately behind the cutting edge.

SECONDARY CLEARANCE

- That portion of the land removed to provide clearance behind the primary clearance or circular land.

TAPER LEAD

- The tapered cutting portion at the entering end to facilitate the entry of the reamer into the hole. (It is not provided with a circular land).

BEVEL LEAD

- The angular cutting portion at the entering end to facilitate the entry of the reamer into the hole. (It is not provided with a circular land).

BACK TAPER

- The reduction in diameter per inch length of reamer from the entering end towards the shank

MSME Technology Centre Bhiwadi 87


NOMENCLATURE OF REAMER
TYPES OF REAMER
TAP NOMENCLATURE
• Bottoming Tap: A tap having a chamfer length of 1-2 threads.
• Chamfer: The tapering of the threads at the front end of each land of a chaser, tap or die by cutting away and
relieving the crest of the first few teeth to distribute the cutting action over several teeth.
• Chamfer Angle: The angle formed between the chamfer and the axis of the tap or die by cutting away the relieving
the crest of the first few teeth to distribute the cutting action over several teeth
• Crest : The surface of the thread which joins the flanks of the thread and it’s farthest from the cylinder or cone from
whi8ch the thread projects
• Flank: The part of a helical thread surface which connects the crest and the root and which is theoretically a straight
line in an axial plane section.
• Flute: The longitudinal channel formed in a tap to create cutting edges on the thread profile and to provide chip
spaces and cutting fluid passage.
• Hand of Threads: A thread when viewed axially, winds in a clockwise and receding direction for LEFT-HAND
THREADS and counter clockwise and receding direction for RIGHT-HAND THREADS
• Hook, Chordal : A concave face having an angle of inclination specified between a chord passing through the root
and crest of a thread form at the cutting face, and a radical line through the crest at the cutting edge.
• Hook, Tangential: A concave face having an angle of inclination specified between a line tangent to the hook surface
at the cutting edge and a radial line to the same point. Hook Angle The angle of inclination of a concave face usually
specifies either as CHORDAL HOOK or TANFENTIAL HOOK
• Interrupted Thread Tap: A tap having an odd number of lands with alternative teeth in the thread helix removed. In
some cases alternative teeth are removed only for a portion of the thread length.
MSME Technology Centre Bhiwadi 93
• Land : One of the threaded sections between the flutes of a tap
• Lead of Thread : The distance a screw thread advances axially in one complete turn. On a single start
tap the lead and pitch are identical. In a multiple start tap the lead is the multiple of the pitch
• Major Diameter : The diameter of the major cylinder or cone, at a given position on the axis that
bounds the roots an external thread of the crests of an internal thread
• Minor Diameter: The diameter of the minor cylinder or cone, at a given position on the axis that
bounds the roots an external thread of the crests of an internal thread
• Pitch Diameter : The diameter of an imaginary cylinder or cone, at a given point on the axis, of such a
diameter and location of its axis that its surface would pass through the thread in such a manner as
to make the thread ridge and the thread groove equal and, therefore, is located equidistant between
the sharp major and minor cylinders or cones of a given thread form. On a theoretically perfect
thread, these widths are equal to one half of the basic pitch (measured parallel to the axis.) See
illustration below.
• Plug Tap : A tap with 3 to 5 chamfered threads.
• Spiral Point : The angular fluting in the cutting face of the land at the chamfered end. It is formed at
an angle with respect to the tap axis of opposite hand to that of rotation. Its length is usually greater
than the chamfer length and its angle with respect to the tap axis is usually great enough to direct
the chips ahead of the tap. The tap may or may not have longitudinal lines.
• Square : Four driving flats parallel to the axis on a tap shank forming a square or square with round
corners.
• Taper Tap: A tap having a chamfer length of 7 to 10 threads

MSME Technology Centre Bhiwadi 94


NOMENCLATURE OF TAP
NOMENCLATURE OF THREAD
TAPPING OPERATION
Milling Cutter - Nomenclature and Angles
• A milling cutter can be considered as the cluster of single point cutting
tool. Above figure shows a plain milling cutter. The various parts of milling
cutter teeth are cutting edge, face, filling, and body. The teeth of milling
cutter either straight (the cutting edge is parallel to the axis of rotation) or
helical shaped.

MSME Technology Centre Bhiwadi 98


Elements of plain milling cutter
• Body of cutter: It is the main frame of milling cutter, on which the teeth rest.
Periphery: It is defined as the locus of cutting edges of tooth of cutter.
Cutting edge: It is the portion that touches the workpiece during cutting action. It is the intersection of teeth
face and tooth flank.
Fillet: portion where one teeth joins the face of another tooth. It is a reinforcement to cutting tooth.
Face of teeth: it is the surface upon the chip is formed while cutting. It may be curved or flat.
• Back of tooth: it is the created by fillet and the secondary clearance angle.
Land: it is the narrow surface on the back of cutting edge. Land is the result of providing the clearance angle.
Bottom Land: the blank space between the consecutive teeth.
Root diameter: diameter passing through centre of cutter and joining two ends of the periphery.
Root diameter: passing through centre of cutter and joining two bottom fillet.

MSME Technology Centre Bhiwadi 99


• Angles of milling cutter
• Lip angle: It is the angle between the face of the teeth and the land of the teeth. Land is
a narrow surface on the back of teeth.
Relief angle: it is the angle between the tangent to the outside diameter of the cutter
at cutting edge and the land of the tooth. The function relief angle is to avoid the
interference between the land of the tooth and the work surface. The relief angle
varies with the type of material to be machined.
Radial rake angle: it is the angle between the face of teeth and the radial line passing
through the cutting edge of the tooth. The radial rake angle may be positive, negative
or zero. It is provided free cutting by allowing chips to flow smoothly on the face of the
cutter.
Zero rake angle: tooth face and radial line
coincide.
Positive rake angle: tooth body and tooth face is
the same side of the radial line.
Negative rake angle: tooth surface and radial
angle are on opposite side of the radial line.
Axial rake angle: angle between the line of peripheral cutting
edge and axis of the cutter. It is an angle in a plane
perpendicular to the radial plane. MSME Technology Centre Bhiwadi 100
NOMENCLATURE OF PLAIN MILLING CUTTER
NOMENCLATURE OF HOB
HOLDING OF MILLING CUTTER
SPECIAL CUTTERS
BROACH & BROACHING OPERATIONS
NOMENCLATURE OF BROACH
MSME Technology Centre Bhiwadi 114

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