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Introduction To Smart Grid

The document introduces the concept of a smart grid. It discusses how smart grids use advanced information and communication technologies to give greater visibility and control over electricity networks. This enables things like accommodating renewable energy, demand response programs, and self-healing of assets. Smart grids are defined by various organizations as electricity networks that can integrate users to efficiently deliver sustainable and secure power through sensing, communication and control capabilities.

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Boyapati Ramanji
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69 views

Introduction To Smart Grid

The document introduces the concept of a smart grid. It discusses how smart grids use advanced information and communication technologies to give greater visibility and control over electricity networks. This enables things like accommodating renewable energy, demand response programs, and self-healing of assets. Smart grids are defined by various organizations as electricity networks that can integrate users to efficiently deliver sustainable and secure power through sensing, communication and control capabilities.

Uploaded by

Boyapati Ramanji
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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INTRODUCTION TO SMART GRID

EVOLUTION OF SMART GRID:-


Electric power systems throughout the world are facing radical change stimulated by the pressing need
to decarbonise electricity supply, to replace ageing assets and to make effective use of rapidly
developing information and communication technologies (ICTs). These aims all converge in the Smart
Grid. The Smart Grid uses advanced information and communication to control this new energy system
reliably and efficiently. Some ICT infrastructure already exists for transmission voltages but at present
there is very little real-time communication either to or from the customer or in distribution circuits.

The Smart Grid vision is to give much greater visibility to lower voltage networks and to enable the
participation of customers in the operation of the power system, particularly through Smart Meters and
Smart Homes. The Smart Grid will support improved energy efficiency and allow a much greater
utilisation of renewables. Smart Grid research and development is currently well funded in the USA, the
UK, China, Japan and the EU. It is an important research topic in all parts of the world and the source of
considerable commercial interest.

CONCEPT OF SMART GRID:-


1. It enables demand response and demand side management through the integration of smart meters,
smart appliances and consumer loads, micro-generation, and electricity storage (electric vehicles) and
by providing customers with information related to energy use and prices. It is anticipated that
customers will be provided with information and incentives to modify their consumption pattern to
overcome some of the constraints in the power system.

2. It accommodates and facilitates all renewable energy sources, distributed generation, residential
micro-generation, and storage options, thus reducing the environmental impact of the whole electricity
sector and also provides means of aggregation. It will provide simplified interconnection similar to ‘plug-
and-play’.

3. It optimises and efficiently operates assets by intelligent operation of the delivery system (rerouting
power, working autonomously) and pursuing efficient asset management. This includes utilising asserts
depending on what is needed and when it is needed.

4. It assures and improves reliability and the security of supply by being resilient to disturbances, attacks
and natural disasters, anticipating and responding to system disturbances (predictive maintenance and
self-healing), and strengthening the security of supply through enhanced transfer capabilities.

5. It maintains the power quality of the electricity supply to cater for sensitive equipment that increases
with the digital economy.
6. It opens access to the markets through increased transmission paths, aggregated supply and demand
response initiatives and ancillary service provisions.

DEFINITIONS:-
The European Technology Platform defines the Smart Grid as:

“A SmartGrid is an electricity network that can intelligently integrate the actions of all users connected
to it – generators, consumers and those that do both – in order to efficiently deliver sustainable,
economic and secure electricity supplies.”

According to the US Department of Energy :

“A smart grid uses digital technology to improve reliability, security, and efficiency (both economic and
energy) of the electric system from large generation, through the delivery systems to electricity
consumers and a growing number of distributed-generation and storage resources.”

According to department of energy & climate change UK:

“A smart grid uses sensing, embedded processing and digital communications to enable the electricity
grid to be observable (able to be measured and visualised), controllable (able to manipulated and
optimised), automated (able to adapt and self-heal), fully integrated (fully interoperable with existing
systems and with the capacity to incorporate a diverse set of energy sources).”

WORKING DEFINITION OF THE SMART GRID BASED ON PERFORMANCE MEASURES

A working defi nition should include the following attributes:

• Assess grid health in real time

• Predict behavior, anticipate

• Adapt to new environments like distributed resources and renewable energy resources

• Handle stochastic demand and respond to smart appliances

• Provide self - correction, reconfi guration, and restoration

• Handle randomness of loads and market participants in real time

• Create more complex interactive behavior with intelligent devices, communication protocols, and
standard and smart algorithms to improve smart communication and transportation systems.

Thus, the working defi nition becomes:

The smart grid is an advanced digital two - way power fl ow power system capable of self - healing, and
adaptive, resilient, and sustainable, with foresight for prediction under different uncertainties. It is
equipped for interoperability with present and future standards of components, devices, and systems
that are cyber - secured against malicious attack.

References :
1. SMART GRID Fundamentals of Design and Analysis by James Momoh , A JOHN WILEY &
SONS, INC., PUBLICATION
2. JanakaEkanayake, Nick Jenkins, KithsiriLiyanage, Jianzhong Wu, Akihiko
Yokoyama,“Smart Grid: Technology and Applications”, Wiley

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