This house would ban use plastic

1st Speaker of Opening Government

Definition: This house means collect aspiration from the society. Ban use means
ordering not to use something that is believed to have a bad impact on society. The
definition of plastic is a polymer compound whose main constituent elements are
Carbon and Hydrogen. And formed according to needs such as bottles, crackers, and
others. This object is also a combustible material and the smoke from its combustion
is very dangerous because it contains poisonous gases such as carbon monoxide (CO)
and hydrogen cyanide (HCN).
Justification: Because the use of plastic causes serious environmental pollution, such
as air, soil and water pollution. Can threaten the lives of living things around. And the
amount will not decrease, because the new plastic can be decomposed by the soil at
least after being buried for 200 to 400 years and even some types cannot be
decomposed. So it is true that the use of plastic is prohibited.
Urgency Cases: the impact of using plastic causes various cases, such as flooding
everywhere during the rainy season, causing health problems in living things,
especially humans, such as respiratory problems and cancer. And ultimately plastics
will interfere with our lives and the environment, especially disruption of marine life
and even cause the death of various marine life. And later all of that will lead to the
quality of human life which will be disrupted.
Mechanism:
- What we are prohibiting here: Use of plastics that are harmful to the environment
and health, as well as plastics that cannot or are difficult to recycle, such as
Polyethylene Terephthalate (PET or PETE or Polyester), High Density Polyethylene
(HDPE), Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC), Low Density Polyethylene (LDPE), Polypropylene
(PP), Polystyrene (PS).
- Where this is set: This ban will be implemented in Indonesia
- Who must obey it: All Indonesian people must be aware of the dangers of this
plastic, and support the rule of prohibiting the use of this plastic.
- When will this be fixed: As soon as possible
- Why this ban is important to enact: Because according to a recent study published by
the journal Science Advances, of the 8.3 billion tonnes of plastic that have been
produced, 6.3 billion tonnes have become plastic waste.
While in Indonesia, according to reports from CNN Indonesia. More than one million
plastic bags are used every minute, and 50 percent of the plastic bags are used only
once and then immediately thrown away and become trash and will end up in the
sea. Then, according to data compiled by Jenna Jambeck, an environmental
engineer, Indonesia alone has produced 3.22 million tons of plastic waste. About
0.48-1.29 million tonnes of which have polluted the oceans. And based on these
data, Indonesia is ranked second in the world as a producer of plastic waste into the
sea, reaching 187.2 million tons. This garbage is very dangerous for marine animals
because they will mistake plastic for food and end up consuming it. Plastic waste that
enters the digestion of marine animals can cause respiratory obstruction which leads
to the death of these marine animals.
Meanwhile, according to the Coordinating Minister for Maritime Affairs Luhut Binsar
Pandjaitan, plastic waste in Indonesia's seas has caused total losses of up to USD 1.2
billion.
- How this regulation will be implemented: Clear regulations must be made, because if
it is only in the form of suggestions or outreach I am not sure it will have a broad
impact. So it is necessary to make clear rules.
Argument:
-Assertion: Because it causes so much harm to the environment, it is only natural that
we demand that the use of plastics be banned, especially types that are difficult to
recycle and are harmful to the environment and health.
-Reason: Because it clearly causes a lot of harm to the environment, especially health
and marine ecosystems.
-Evidence: The following is evidence of how the use of plastic is very dangerous for the
environment, especially the marine ecosystem. Many plastics are found in the
stomachs of fish in the sea, the death of coral reefs is due to plastic deposits on the
seabed. If consumed, biota will experience metabolic disorders, digestive system
irritation, and death. Research conducted by an ocean conservancy institute found
that 28% of fish in Indonesia contain plastic (Puslit RI, 2018). Plastic waste continues
 to kill living things in the ocean. Based on research published by the Secretariat of
the Convention on Biological Diversity in 2016, debris in the oceans has endangered
more than 800 species. According to the Australian Coral Reef Research Center
(ARC), coral reefs exposed to plastic waste have the potential for disease compared
to 4% of coral reefs that are not exposed to plastic waste
-Link back: So from all available data, we can conclude how dangerous plastics are to
the environment and marine ecosystems, plastic kills not only fish in the sea but also
endangers human life. So the prohibition of the use of plastics, especially types that
are difficult to recycle and dangerous for the environment.
-Status Quo: Seeing how Indonesia is currently listed as the second largest contributor
of plastic waste in the world. And how plastic waste kills various species of fish in the
sea as well as coral reefs.

1st Speaker of Opening Opposition

Rebutal: I disagree with the argument from speaker 1 of the government team. In
defining plastic as something dangerous. Whereas basically plastic is a material that is
processed into objects to help human activities. And for plastics that are not easily
recycled they cannot provide any further explanation about that. Even though it's not
easy, it doesn't mean you can't. Speaker one also could not provide a specific
explanation about how later we will replace objects made of plastic, if plastic is
prohibited from use, and the impact of the prohibition on community activities.
Argument: If the use of plastic is prohibited in the community, it will clearly cause
chaos, as we know about the role of plastic in society. Plastics still cannot be
separated from people's lives. And if we only prohibit the use of plastics that are
difficult to recycle, will plastic waste decrease, the answer is of course no. Because as
we know, most plastic waste consists of waste that can be recycled, such as plastic
bottles. So what needs to be emphasized here is not prohibiting its use, but optimizing
the use of plastic. If not used we can recycle it. And currently the government is also
implementing regulations on limiting the use of plastic by using shopping bags that
can be used repeatedly. Because it is better to reduce and make more effective use of
plastic than to ban its use.
 Mechanism:
- What rules should be applied: Prohibit the use of single-use plastics and oblige to
sort waste first from the house before handing it over to officers. And the
government must focus more on managing waste into something useful, such as
alternative resources.
- Where it is established: In Indonesia
- Who must obey it: The whole community must be able to get used to sorting waste
and recycling it.
- When will this be fixed: As soon as possible
- Why this ban is important to enact: Because we cannot ban the use of plastic in
society at large, and the impact will also be insignificant. So what we need to focus
on is how to make calm rules for managing this plastic waste, how to use it more
effectively, and how the government is able to make this plastic waste more useful,
let's take the example of Sweden which uses plastic waste as a source of electricity.
Reported by The Huffington Post, Sweden implements waste management with the
concept of waste-to-energy (WTE). Household waste is processed through the
combustion process. The hot steam produced by this combustion process is then
used as a power plant. Then electricity is distributed to homes across the country.
And it has proven effective in reducing plastic waste that endangers the
environment.
- How this regulation will be implemented: Clear and firm regulations and rules must
be made, because so far they have only been in the form of recommendations.
Definition: Then the correct definition of plastic is an object whose main constituent
elements are Carbon and Hydrogen. It is heated and shaped according to needs,
where almost all people really need plastic as a material that is known to be durable,
cheap, and strong. Because the constituent material is carbon, proper management of
plastic waste can be a great alternative resource.

2nd Speaker of Opening Government

Rebuttal: I disagree with the argument of speaker 1 from the opposition team. They
argue about how we properly manage waste based on data from abroad. They cannot
see the current situation in Indonesia. The main factor that encourages other
 countries to have a good waste management system is the awareness of the people
and the advancement of technology in that country. How can we hope that this
regulation will bring about change in Indonesia, because the evidence is that the
advice on recycling waste has been implemented in Indonesia for a long time, but in
fact it does not have a big impact. What we need here are clear rules about the
prohibition of plastic use in the community.
Argument: Plastics that are difficult to recycle will be very harmful to the
environment, and how plastic will greatly disturb the surrounding ecosystem. We take
an example of how plastic waste contaminates the oceans, not only harmful to marine
ecosystems but will greatly affect many things, including the quality of the air we live
in. Most people never think that the oxygen they breathe comes from the vast oceans.
Not many realize that up to a third of world carbon emissions are absorbed by the
oceans. The ocean can absorb CO2. The absorbed CO2 will be taken up by coral reefs
to be used in the photo-synthesis process and produce useful oxygen for living things.
But if coral reefs become damaged and die from plastic, we can imagine how
dangerous that would be for life. Furthermore, the danger of plastic waste, especially
being burned imperfectly, is global warming due to the deposition of the ozone layer.
plastic waste contaminates land, oceans, and even the earth as a whole. So it can be
concluded that the problem of plastic is not just about managing it, but how we can
stop using it slowly.
Highlight argument: Therefore, from the arguments we have presented, we believe
that the ban on the use of plastics, especially plastics that are difficult to recycle and
harmful to the environment, will be a big step for Indonesia to control plastic waste
that damages the environment, damages the sea, and even causes the death of
various creatures. life. And how plastics have a negative impact on everything in our
lives at large.

2nd Speaker of Opening Opposition

Rebuttal: I disagree with the argument of speaker 2 from the government team. How
can we stop using plastics, if until now there is still no suitable material to replace it, a
cheap but strong material. Because I need to emphasize that plastic products are not
 only disposable products, but there are more products that are very much needed.
They cannot provide a plastic substitute that is as effective as plastic.
Solution: So what we need to do right now is not banning the use of plastic but how
we can manage the plastic so that it continues to rotate and does not end up as waste
that is harmful to the environment.
Argument: As we all know that plastic is a material that is easily recycled, if we can
establish a clear regulation on how the plastic will be processed and the government is
firm against the violations committed related to sorting waste in every home We can
see an economic opportunity here, for example where recycling plastic waste into a
craft that can be sold at a high price, it will clearly improve the country's economy,
and reduce unemployment. Then if the government can manage waste properly and is
able to make it an alternative source of energy. This would be a very good
breakthrough for the waste problem as well as an unlimited and cheap resource.
Highlight argument: So what we need is clearly not prohibiting the use of plastics, but
how do we make clear regulations regarding the recycling of plastic waste in every
home, and how the government is able to manage plastic waste into an alternative
source of energy that will be very useful for the community.

3rd Speaker of Closing Government

Rebuttal: I disagree with the opinion of speaker 2 from the government team. They
argue without looking at the point that we are debating. We are talking about
prohibiting the use of non-recyclable plastics. How can you come up with a solution to
recycle it when it is clear that not all plastics can be recycled. And what we prohibit is
the use of this non-recyclable plastic. How would you describe how recycling works on
plastics that cannot be recycled.
Argument: Because in my opinion if the use of plastic is not immediately prohibited,
especially those that are dangerous and difficult to recycle, in the future it will be very
difficult for us to manage plastic waste, especially rubbish that has been buried in the
ocean. And if the use of plastic is prohibited, that does not mean banning it in all
kinds, we can start by banning the use of single-use plastics, such as shopping plastics.
We can replace them with shopping bags that can be used repeatedly, or bags made
from other natural materials. If we usually buy plastic packaged drinks, it can be
 turned into canned drinks, or selling drinks in a way like selling coffee, and people
have to bring their own drinking places. There are many alternatives that we can use
to avoid using plastic. It is also a creative opportunity for business ventures and
reduces unemployment.

3rd Speaker of Closing Opposition

Rebuttal: I disagree with the argument of speaker 3 from the government team. Don't
you think these alternatives are not comparable to plastic? With the alternative to
using paper bags, you are reducing plastic, but you will also reduce the trees on earth,
and that has a much bigger impact than trying to use plastic wisely. You cannot
remove plastic from people's lives with such an unequal alternative.
Argument: So in my opinion, the use of plastic does not need to be banned in the
community, but how do we make the people responsible for every plastic they have.
Because according to economic calculations, plastic production is much cheaper and
environmentally friendly than the production of bags from paper or cloth. Because in
plastic production, what is needed is plastic pellets, which can be easily and cheaply
obtained from plastic recycling. But in making paper bags, we will really depend on
paper, which means we will reduce the number of trees, and that is very dangerous
for life when the number of trees is getting smaller. Then paper bags also cannot be
used for long, and obviously the price is more expensive. Likewise with expensive
cloth bags. Because if we use plastic bags repeatedly, it will last much longer than
other types.

4th Speaker of Closing Government

Rebuttal: I disagree with the opinion of speaker 3 from the government team.
Because how can you change the current state of Indonesia by only focusing on public
awareness without any clear rules. If the community can make the most of it as you
say, now we will not be the second largest waste contributor in the world. That's an
old direction, and it's not effective.
Argument: So according to my argument, prohibiting the use of plastic to reduce
plastic waste is the best. If we look at the impact of plastic waste on the environment,
we will point to its economic impact. One of them is the decrease in foreign tourists.
 Based on the results of the research, plastic waste also has an impact on the coastal
tourism environment in the headlands. The impact that occurs is very influential in
reducing the number of visitors or tourists in the coastal area. This problem is
considered to be an obstacle to the competitiveness of Indonesian tourism which is
located in various islands from Sabang to Merauke. Indonesia, which is known to be
full of the beauty of my tourism, will disappear when the amount of plastic waste at
tourist sites, especially beaches, continues to increase. So that tourists prefer to go
abroad to enjoy the beauty of beaches and natural cleanliness compared to
Indonesian beaches which have changed their function as a final disposal site for
plastic waste. This is only one of the impacts of plastic waste, which is even greater
impact on our health, starting from the pile of garbage that will become a hotbed of
disease for the entire population, the air for breathing becomes unhealthy, and makes
an environment uncomfortable.
Highlight: So once again the regulation on prohibiting the use of plastic is an action
that the government must immediately take, in order to prevent the pile of plastic
waste from getting worse.

4th Speaker of Closing Opposition

Rebuttal: I disagree with the argument of speaker 4 from the government team. They
are too insistent with the rules on plastic prohibition without giving us a good solution
after the ban. What is something effective that can be used and of course still cheap to
reach. And what they explained about banning plastics that are difficult to recycle, and
replacing single-use plastics, won't guarantee the amount of plastic is reduced. If it is
not handled from below.
Highlight: So what we can conclude is that banning is not the right decision, but we
must make clear regulations regarding the management of plastic waste starting from
the bottom, namely households.