GRAMEYER Equipamentos Eletrônicos Ltda.

R. Mal. Castelo Branco, 2477 – Schroeder – SC – Brasil CEP: 89275-000

Home page: www.grameyer.com.br e-mail: [email protected]
Fone: 55 (047) 3374-6300 – Fax: 3374-6363

Digital Automatic Voltage Regulator

GRMP03-1
Installation and Operation Manual
Revision 12 of 2007-11-14

MGEN00464
GRMP03-1 Rev. 12 of 2007-11-14

© 1996, GRAMEYER Equipamentos Eletrônicos.

Todos os direitos reservados.

This manual may in no way be reproduced, filed or transmitted through any type of media, whether it be
electronically, by printing, phonographically or any other audiovisual means without prior consent from
GRAMEYER. Infringement is subject to prosecution under the law.

Due to the continuous improvement of Grameyer products, the present manual may be modified and/or updated
without prior notice which may result in new revisions of the installation and maintenance manuals for the same
product. GRAMEYER reserves itself the right not to update automatically the information included in this
manual. However, customers may at any time request any updated version of the manual, which will be supplied
to them free of charge.

* If requested, GRAMEYER can supply an extra copy of this manual. The equipment serial number and model should be
informed by the customer, when making the request.

GRAMEYER Equipamentos Eletrônicos Ltda. Page 2 of 72

GRMP03-1 Rev. 12 of 2007-11-14


Safety Information

To guarantee the safety of the operators, the correct installation and proper operation of the equipment, the
following precautions must be taken.

● Installation and maintenance services should be performed only by qualified personnel, using appropriate
equipment;

● The product instruction manual and specific product documentation must always be consulted before
proceeding with its installation, handling and parameter setting;

● Adequate precautions should be taken to avoid drops, knocks and/or risks to the equipment;

Do not touch the input and output connectors and keep them isolated from the rest of the
principal command circuit of the generator.

Always disconnect the main power supply before touching any electrical component
associated with the equipment including the control connectors, since high voltages may be
present even after the power has been switched off.

The equipment’s electronic boards can have components that are sensitive to electrostatic
discharges. Do not directly touch components or connections. If this is absolutely necessary,
then first touch the grounded metal body or use the proper ground bracelet.

GRAMEYER Equipamentos Eletrônicos Ltda. Page 3 of 72

GRMP03-1 Rev. 12 of 2007-11-14


Storage Information

Should it be necessary to store the equipment, as well as any of its parts, i.e., electronic boards, panels,
electronic components, spare parts, etc., for a short period of time prior to their installation and/or placing them
in operating condition, the following precautions should be observed:

● The equipment and its parts must be kept in their original packaging or in packaging which provides the same
safety conditions concerning physical damage, high temperatures and humidity, to prevent oxidation of the
contacts and metal parts, damage to integrated circuits or any other damage due to improper storing;

● The properly packaged equipment must be stored in a dry, well ventilated place away from direct sunlight,
rain, wind and other adverse weather conditions, to guarantee the preservation of its operational
characteristics;

The non-observance of the above recommendations, could exempt the company supplying the
equipment from any responsibility referring to the resulting damages as well as the loss of
warranty of the equipment or of the damaged part.

GRAMEYER Equipamentos Eletrônicos Ltda. Page 4 of 72

GRMP03-1 Rev. 12 of 2007-11-14

Index
1 - General Information............................................................................................................................... 10
1.1 - Introduction.................................................................................................................................. 10
1.2 - General Characteristics................................................................................................................... 10
1.3 - Applications................................................................................................................................... 11
1.4 - Technical Specifications.................................................................................................................. 12
1.4.1 - General................................................................................................................................. 12
1.4.2 - Power Supply Source.............................................................................................................. 13
1.4.3 - Current Inputs....................................................................................................................... 13
1.4.4 - Voltage Inputs....................................................................................................................... 13
1.4.5 - Rectifier Factor...................................................................................................................... 13
1.4.6 - Dynamic Characteristics.......................................................................................................... 14
1.4.7 - Signal Measurement Tolerances.............................................................................................. 14
1.4.8 - Mechanical Characteristics...................................................................................................... 14
2 - GIP – Programming Interface.................................................................................................................. 15
2.1 - Legend.......................................................................................................................................... 15
2.1.1 - LEDs Function ....................................................................................................................... 15
2.1.2 - Functions of Each Key............................................................................................................ 16
2.2 - Navigation..................................................................................................................................... 16
2.2.1 - Disabling the Password........................................................................................................... 19
2.2.2 - Activating the Password.......................................................................................................... 19
2.2.3 - Values Readout...................................................................................................................... 19
2.2.4 - Programmable Parameters...................................................................................................... 19
2.3 - IHM GIP-4 Technical Data............................................................................................................... 21
3 - Functional Description............................................................................................................................ 22
3.1 - Cards and Their Functions............................................................................................................. 22
3.1.1 - Ext Aquis............................................................................................................................... 23
3.1.2 - Aquis 1................................................................................................................................. 23
3.1.3 - Control 1............................................................................................................................... 24
3.1.4 - Sincr 1.................................................................................................................................. 24
3.1.5 - Driver 1................................................................................................................................. 25
3.1.6 - Source.................................................................................................................................. 25
3.1.7 - Relay 1................................................................................................................................. 26
3.1.8 - Relay 2................................................................................................................................. 26
3.2 - LEDs Colors Standard..................................................................................................................... 27
3.2.1 - GREEN LED: Normal Operation and Power Supply Sources........................................................ 27
3.2.2 - Yellow LED: Status Indication/Active Operations....................................................................... 27
3.2.3 - Red LED: Failures and Alarms................................................................................................. 27
4 - Installation............................................................................................................................................ 28
4.1 - Basic Connections of the regulator to the Generator........................................................................ 28
4.2 - Connectors Table........................................................................................................................... 29
4.3 - Connection Diagram for Attached Power Module (Optional)............................................................... 36
4.3.1 - Configuration Tables – Power Stage......................................................................................... 36
4.4 - Connection Diagram of the GIP Interface......................................................................................... 38
4.5 - Dimensions................................................................................................................................... 39
5 - Operations............................................................................................................................................ 41
5.1 - Manual / Automatic Operation......................................................................................................... 41
5.1.1 - Automatic Mode Operation – Generator Output Voltage Control................................................. 41
5.1.2 - Manual Mode Operation – Excitation Voltage Control................................................................. 41
5.2 - Ramp............................................................................................................................................ 42
5.3 - Field Flashing................................................................................................................................ 42
5.4 - Parallel Operation........................................................................................................................... 43
5.4.1 - Constant Power Factor........................................................................................................... 44
5.4.2 - Constant Reactive.................................................................................................................. 44
5.4.3 - Reactive Compensation.......................................................................................................... 45
5.4.4 - Line Drop Compensation......................................................................................................... 45

GRAMEYER Equipamentos Eletrônicos Ltda. Page 5 of 72

GRMP03-1 Rev. 12 of 2007-11-14

5.5 - Voltage Control via External Commands........................................................................................... 45

5.6 - Voltage Control via External Command ±9V (Optional)...................................................................... 46
6 - Protections............................................................................................................................................ 47
6.1 - Over voltage.................................................................................................................................. 47
6.2 - Under Frequency........................................................................................................................... 47
6.3 - Over Excitation.............................................................................................................................. 47
6.4 - Under Excitation............................................................................................................................ 47
6.5 - Excessive Field Flashing Time.......................................................................................................... 47
6.6 - Failure During Acquisition............................................................................................................... 47
6.7 - General Protection......................................................................................................................... 47
6.8 - Disabling Protections...................................................................................................................... 48
6.9 - Protections Functioning Principle..................................................................................................... 48
6.10 - Protections Reset......................................................................................................................... 48
6.10.1 - Returning to Normal Regulation............................................................................................. 48
7 - Limiters................................................................................................................................................. 49
7.1 - U/F Limiter............................................................................................................................... 49
7.2 - Excitation Current Limiter (Thermal Limit)........................................................................................ 49
7.3 - PxQ Limiter (Optional).............................................................................................................. 50
8 - Power System Stabilizer (PSS)*............................................................................................................... 52
9 - Alarms.................................................................................................................................................. 52
9.1 - Rotating Diode Failure.................................................................................................................... 52
9.2 - Phase Fault................................................................................................................................... 52
9.3 - Sensing Fault................................................................................................................................. 52
10 - External Commands – Digital Inputs...................................................................................................... 53
10.1 - Enables Regulator........................................................................................................................ 53
10.2 - Parallel Operation......................................................................................................................... 53
10.3 - Alarms Reset............................................................................................................................... 53
10.4 - Local / Remote ........................................................................................................................... 53
10.5 - Increase Reference Voltage........................................................................................................... 53
10.6 - Decrease Reference Voltage.......................................................................................................... 53
10.7 - Automatic / Manual...................................................................................................................... 53
10.8 - Enables Rotating Diode Failure...................................................................................................... 53
11 - Analog Outputs.................................................................................................................................... 55
11.1 - Formulas to Calculate Measured Magnitudes................................................................................... 55
11.2 - Technical data............................................................................................................................. 56
12 - Output Relays (Digital Outputs)............................................................................................................. 57
12.1 - Automatic Field Flashing............................................................................................................... 57
12.2 - Rotating Diode Failure.................................................................................................................. 57
12.3 - Parallel Operation......................................................................................................................... 57
12.4 - Regulator Enabled........................................................................................................................ 57
12.5 - Limit Field Current Operation ........................................................................................................ 57
12.6 - Field Under Current...................................................................................................................... 57
12.7 - Field Over Current........................................................................................................................ 57
12.8 - Over Voltage on Generator Output................................................................................................. 57
12.9 - Excessive Field Flashing................................................................................................................ 57
12.10 - Phase Fault................................................................................................................................ 57
12.11 - Sensing Fault............................................................................................................................. 57
12.12 - Failure During Acquisition............................................................................................................ 57
12.13 - Under Frequency........................................................................................................................ 57
12.14 - General Protection Failure........................................................................................................... 57
13 - Analog Inputs...................................................................................................................................... 58
14 - Network Serial Communication.............................................................................................................. 59
14.1 - Network Connection Diagram........................................................................................................ 59
14.2 - Data Communication Tables.......................................................................................................... 60
14.2.1 - Read Data........................................................................................................................... 60

GRAMEYER Equipamentos Eletrônicos Ltda. Page 6 of 72

GRMP03-1 Rev. 12 of 2007-11-14

14.2.2 - Alarm, Operation and Digital Inputs Status............................................................................. 62

14.2.3 - Parameters.......................................................................................................................... 63
14.2.4 - Command............................................................................................................................ 65
15 - Problems, Causes and Solutions............................................................................................................ 66
16 - Comissioning Procedure........................................................................................................................ 67
16.1 - Electrical Connections................................................................................................................... 67
16.2 - Manual Mode Excitation................................................................................................................ 67
16.3 - Automatic Mode Excitation............................................................................................................ 67
16.4 - Placing Active Load in the Generator.............................................................................................. 67
16.5 - Placing the Generator in Parallel.................................................................................................... 68
16.6 - Final Adjustments......................................................................................................................... 68
17 - Procedure for Electronic Cards Replacement........................................................................................... 69
18 - Purchasing Specifications..................................................................................................................... 70

Figure Index
Figura 1.3.1 - Structural Diagram................................................................................................................. 11
Figure 2.1 - GIP-4 - Grameyer Programming Interface ................................................................................... 15
Figura 2.2.1 - GIP-4 HMI Paths.................................................................................................................... 18
Figura 4.1.1 - GRMP03-1 Basic connection diagram........................................................................................ 28
Figura 4.2.1 - Functional diagram................................................................................................................ 29
Figura 4.3.1 - Connection diagram – Power module...................................................................................... 36
Figura 4.4.1 - Connection Diagram of the GIP-4 Interface / Back view............................................................. 38
Figura 4.5.1 - GRMP03-1 Dimensional........................................................................................................... 39
Figura 4.5.2 - GIP-4 Dimension s.................................................................................................................. 40
Figure 5.3.1 - Field Flashing......................................................................................................................... 43
Figure 6.9.1 - Alarm actuation...................................................................................................................... 48
Figura 7.1.1 - U/F Protection........................................................................................................................ 49
Figure 7.2.1 - Thermal Limit Protection......................................................................................................... 50
Figure 7.3.1 - PxQ Curve............................................................................................................................. 50
Figure 7.3.2- Block diagram of the PxQ limiter controller................................................................................ 51
Figura 10.8.1 - Example of Digital input Connections...................................................................................... 54
Figure 11.2.1 - Example of a connection between a GRMP03-1 and another equipment.................................... 56
Figura 14.1.1 - Network connection with 3 GRMP03-1.................................................................................... 59
Figura 18.1 - Purchasing Specifications......................................................................................................... 70

GRAMEYER Equipamentos Eletrônicos Ltda. Page 7 of 72

GRMP03-1 Rev. 12 of 2007-11-14

Table Index
Table 1.4.1.1 - General specifications............................................................................................................ 12
Table 1.4.2.1 - Power supply source............................................................................................................. 13
Table 1.4.3.1 - Current inputs...................................................................................................................... 13
Table 1.4.4.1 - Voltage inputs...................................................................................................................... 13
Table 1.4.5.1 - Rectifier Factor..................................................................................................................... 13
Table 1.4.6.1 - Dynamic characteristics......................................................................................................... 14
Table 1.4.7.1 - Signal measurement tolerances............................................................................................. 14
Table 1.4.8.1 - Mechanical characteristics..................................................................................................... 14
Table 2.1.2.1 - Functions of each IHM GIP-4 key........................................................................................... 16
Table 2.3.1 - IHM GIP-4 Technical Data....................................................................................................... 21
Table 2.3.2 - IHM GIP-4 Standard................................................................................................................ 21
Table 4.2.1 - Connections for analog inputs and for part of the analog outputs................................................ 30
Table 4.2.2 - Connections of part of the analog outputs and of the thyristor pulses.......................................... 31
Table 4.2.3 - External power supply connections............................................................................................ 32
Table 4.2.4 - Digital inputs connections of the EXT_AQUIS card ..................................................................... 33
Table 4.2.5 - Outputs to relay of Relay_1 card............................................................................................... 34
Table 4.2.6 - Outputs to relay of Relay 2 card................................................................................................ 35
Table 4.3.1.1 - Pre-excitation power supply.................................................................................................. 36
Table 4.3.1.2 - Connection between the Trigger Pulses and Thyristor Triggers.................................................. 37
Table 4.3.1.3 - Excitation Feedback.............................................................................................................. 37
Table 4.3.1.4 - Excitation Current Feedback.................................................................................................. 37
Table 4.3.1.5 - Connection Between the Phases and Signal Stage.................................................................... 37
Table 4.3.1.6 - Pre-excitation Connectors...................................................................................................... 38
Tabela 4.4.1 - Connectors for regulator communication.................................................................................. 38
Tabela 4.4.2 - Connectors for serial communication....................................................................................... 38
Table 5.4.1 - Signals convention for reactive power....................................................................................... 44
Table 11.1 - Analog outputs......................................................................................................................... 55
Table 11.2.1 - Technical data of the analog outputs....................................................................................... 56
Tabela 14.2.1.1 - Communication – Reading parameters................................................................................ 60
Tabela 14.2.1.2 - Communication – Memory positions for reading of the generator voltage............................... 60
Tabela 14.2.1.3 - Communication – Memory positions for read generator frequency......................................... 61
Tabela 14.2.1.4 - Communication – Memory positions to read power factor..................................................... 61
Table 14.2.2.1 - Alarm functions.................................................................................................................. 62
Table 14.2.2.2 - Adquisition Failure............................................................................................................... 62
Tabela 14.2.2.3 - Operation functions........................................................................................................... 62
Table 14.2.2.4 - Reserved bits...................................................................................................................... 62
Table 14.2.2.5 - Digital Inputs Status............................................................................................................ 63
Table 14.2.2.6 - Reserved Bits..................................................................................................................... 63
Table 14.2.3.1 - Communication – Programming Data.................................................................................... 64

GRAMEYER Equipamentos Eletrônicos Ltda. Page 8 of 72

GRMP03-1 Rev. 12 of 2007-11-14

Table 14.2.3.2 - Communication – Memory position to read maximum generator voltage.................................. 65

Table 14.2.4.1 - Communication – alteration of the Command parameter........................................................ 65
Table 14.2.4.2 - Communication – alteration of the Command parameter........................................................ 65
Table 18.1 - Purchasing options................................................................................................................... 72
Table 18.2 - Purchasing example.................................................................................................................. 72

GRAMEYER Equipamentos Eletrônicos Ltda. Page 9 of 72

GRMP03-1 Rev. 12 of 2007-11-14

1 - GENERAL INFORMATION
1.1 - Introduction
The GRMP03-1 digital regulator controls and regulates the generator voltage and is built with state of
the art Digital Signal Processors (DSP) to enable accurate control of synchronous machines. It is
utilized in conjunction with a three phase rectifying module, which can be attached to the regulator
itself when controlling small excitation currents (below 25 amps), or mounted separately for larger
currents. The rectifying module is a totally controlled three phase thyristor bridge (Graetz bridge with
6 thyristors). The programming is performed through a user friendly Human Machine Interface (HMI -
GIP).

The GRMP03-1 Digital Voltage Regulator assembly is composed of 3 units:

a) CONTROLLER (AVR): It is the principal component, responsible for the control logic of the
generator voltage;

b) PROGRAMMING INTERFACE (GIP-4): A Human Machine Interface, which permits visualizing and
programming the parameters used for control, sending and receiving regulator data. It also has
available an RS-485 communication port.

c) POWER MODULE: Optionally, the thyristor module (Graetz Bridge – 6 thyristors) can be supplied
incorporated to the controller, that implements the functions of rectifiyng bridge and pre-excitation
circuit.

1.2 - General Characteristics

The GRMP03-1 has the following general characteristics:

• 2 Modes of Operation, automatic mode and manual mode. In the automatic mode it can
operate in parallel or isolated.
• In the parallel mode, it can operate with constant power factor, constant reactive and reactive
control.
• Adjustable ramp for a soft rise of the excitation voltage.
• Excitation current limiter.
• U/F Compensation.
• Three phase sensing voltage.
• Single or three phase sensing generator current.
• Current and field voltage measurements.
• External voltage adjustment (+/- 10%) through digital and analog inputs (optional).
• Four 4-20mA analog outputs (optional 0-10V).
• 8 analog measurement inputs.
• 14 output relays for alarms and signalling.
• Protections: Field over current, generator over voltage, sensing loss, field under current, under
frequency, rotating diode failure, phase failure in power circuit.
• Droop for adjustment of reactive compensation range.
• RS485 output, for ModBUS communication.
• Operates with negative ceiling, improving dynamic response.

For more detailed information please check the Technical Specification segment.

GRAMEYER Equipamentos Eletrônicos Ltda. Page 10 of 72

GRMP03-1 Rev. 12 of 2007-11-14

1.3 - Applications

The diagram in fig. 1.3.1 shows the standard structure of the GRMP03-1 operation. First, the
stationary batteries power the complete digital circuit and perform the generator field flashing. After
start up and with the generator reaching its rated operating conditions, the power supply of the power
circuit (three phase thyristor bridge) can be done from the generator output, through an excitation
transformer, as shown in fig. 1.3.1, or from a permanent magnet generator (PMG). In this case it is
field flashing is not necessary.

The GIP-4 interface (HMI) is responsible for the interface between the user and the voltage
regulator. Through the HMI the users can choose the mode of operation and set the operating
parameters of the regulator according to their needs. The GIP-4 also has available an RS485
communication port to allow for remote access of the programming parameters.

FIGURA 1.3.1 - STRUCTURAL DIAGRAM

GRAMEYER Equipamentos Eletrônicos Ltda. Page 11 of 72

GRMP03-1 Rev. 12 of 2007-11-14

1.4 - Technical Specifications

The following items describe the technical characteristics of the GRMP03-1 regulator.

1.4.1 - General

Analog Inputs (optional): One 4-20 mA input, or 0-10V or +/-9V, according

to the client specifications, for external
adjustment of the reference voltage.
Digital Inputs: 8 Optocoupler isolated inputs with the following
functions:
• Enables regulator;
• Parallel operation;
• Alarms reset;
• Increase the reference;
• Decrease the reference;
• Automatic or manual mode;
• Remote or local mode operation;
• Enables the rotating diode failure
protection.
Outputs to relay (Dry contacts): 05 Operation indicator relays:
• Field flashing;
• Rotating diode failure;
• Parallel operation;
• Regulator enabled;
• Excitation current limit actuated.
10 indicating relays (alarms and protection):
• Rotating diode failure;
• Under excitation;
• Over excitation;
• Output overvoltage of the generator;
• Excessive field flashing;
• Phase fault;
• Sensing fault;
• Acquisition fail (acquisition card);
• Under frequency;
• General protection (fails summary);

Output relay rupture capacity: 8A / 250Vac

Communication: ModBus (RTU) RS485, 9600bps, 8bits, no parity
(8N1), one stop-bit.
External current transformers Three can be used (one per phase) or only one
(CTs): (single phase), with the transformation ratio
configurable through the HMI, and 5A secondary.
As an option, 1A secondary can be used.
External potential transformers 3 external PTs. Transformation ratio of the rated
(PTs): voltage of the generator to 115V (Vp/115V). Type
Y-Y.
Table 1.4.1.1 - General specifications

GRAMEYER Equipamentos Eletrônicos Ltda. Page 12 of 72

GRMP03-1 Rev. 12 of 2007-11-14

1.4.2 - Power Supply Source

• 24Vdc;
Rated voltage options for DC
• 125Vdc;
power supply:
• 220Vdc.
Rated voltage option for AC power • 110Vac;
supply: • 220Vac.
150W (considered in the project of the
Maximum consumed power:
power supply point).
Typical power consumption: 50W.
Table 1.4.2.1 - Power supply source

1.4.3 - Current Inputs

Rated current: 5A.

CT primary specification: 10A to 10000A.
CT secondary specification: 5A or 1A (optional).
Conversion range: 0,05 to 1,57 X the CT rated current.
Measuring accuracy: 5% in range of operation.
Maximum power consumption: 100mW.
Table 1.4.3.1 - Current inputs

1.4.4 - Voltage Inputs

Rated voltage: 115V (phase-phase).

PT primary specification: 110A to 15000Vac (phase-phase).
PT secondary specification: 115Vca (phase-phase).
Conversion range: 0,05 to 2,32 times the PT rated voltage.
PT accuracy: 1% in range of operation.
Maximum power consumption: 3VA per phase.
Maximum voltage allowed: 230 Vac (phase-neutral).
Table 1.4.4.1 - Voltage inputs

1.4.5 - Rectifier Factor

As label of identification selted in the body

Supply voltage:
of the regulator.
Rectifier gain ratio: 1,352
Output voltage: 1,352 x supply voltage.
Table 1.4.5.1 - Rectifier Factor

GRAMEYER Equipamentos Eletrônicos Ltda. Page 13 of 72

GRMP03-1 Rev. 12 of 2007-11-14

1.4.6 - Dynamic Characteristics

Static regulation: Less than 0,5%.

Half period of the output frequency of the
Control response time:
generator. (Ex.: 60Hz => 8ms).
Droop adjustment for parallel
0 a 25%.
operation:
U/F Operation: 40Hz to 60Hz (adjustable).
Drop adjustment Volt/Hertz: From 0 to 250V/Hz.
Minimum frequency for U/F drop
40Hz.
actuation:
Minimum frequency for adjustment
40Hz.
of the under frequency protection:
Through push-buttons at the digital
External voltage adjustment: inputs, through external communication
by serial port or analog input (optional).
Voltage reading resolution: 1 V.
Current reading resolution: 1A.
Frequency reading resolution: 0,1Hz.
Power factor reading resolution: 0,01.
Thermal stability: 0,5%.
Table 1.4.6.1 - Dynamic characteristics

1.4.7 - Signal Measurement Tolerances

Generator output voltage: < 1% for 25°C to 50°C variation.

Generator output current: < 5% for 25°C to 50°C variation.
Field voltage: < 3% for 25°C to 50°C variation.
Field current: < 3% for 25°C to 50°C variation.
Power factor (cos Ф): < 3° for 25°C to 50°C variation.
Frequency: < 0,2% for 25°C to 50°C variation.
Table 1.4.7.1 - Signal measurement tolerances

1.4.8 - Mechanical Characteristics

Weight ¹: 7,0kg.
Dimensions: 250mm x 485mm x 355mm.
Connectors type: Quick connect / disconnect.
Table 1.4.8.1 - Mechanical characteristics

¹ Without the power module.

GRAMEYER Equipamentos Eletrônicos Ltda. Page 14 of 72

GRMP03-1 Rev. 12 of 2007-11-14

2 - GIP – PROGRAMMING INTERFACE

The fig. 2.1 shows the standard¹ programming interface for the GRMP03-1 regulator. The GIP4
interface is made of LEDs to indicate alarms and functional status of the equipment, navigation and
programming keys and an LCD display to visualize the operating values and the programming
parameters.
This chapter describes how to use the GIP, how to change the parameters and how to navigate
through the screens.

FIGURE 2.1 - GIP-4 - GRAMEYER PROGRAMMING INTERFACE

¹ Depending on the application, other types of HMI can be used, for example, touchscreen or PDAs.

2.1 - Legend

2.1.1 - LEDs Function

A: LED remains on to indicate the equipment is ON. It turns off to indicate the equipment is OFF.
B: LED blinks to indicate a communication failure.
C: LED remains ON to indicate an alarm.
D: LED blinks when any key is pressed.

GRAMEYER Equipamentos Eletrônicos Ltda. Page 15 of 72

GRMP03-1 Rev. 12 of 2007-11-14

2.1.2 - Functions of Each Key

Symbol Function Symbol Function
Alarm list (Shows list of active alarms at Events list (Shows events list of
this moment) ocurred alarms)

Erase event (erase all events; needs Decrease contrast

main password¹)

Disable password (needs password) Main page(return to main menu)

Increase contrast Activate password (after correctly

typed)

Invert signal (Change the present Return (return to previous screen or

signal) exit task being executed)
Enter (It accepts typed in parameters Help (shows information about the
or enters in the selected menu) active page)

Go up (rise) Go down (lower)

Left (It goes to the previous Right (It goes to the next
parameter) parameter)
Table 2.1.2.1 - Functions of each IHM GIP-4 key

¹ Only Grameyer knows the main password.

2.2 - Navigation
To navigate through the GIP-4 HMI, we will use the previously mentioned keys as described on the
following example.
From the main page, we can access other functions, or enter other menus or submenus.
To enter a submenu just press the key, and to come back to the previous menu press the
key.
After reaching the desired submenu and having altered the value of the parameter, press again to
confirm. To exit press .
To start a programming procedure, navigate by pressing keys ( or ) to the parameter you
wish to alter. Press then and the cursor will blink above the first parameter. The values of this
parameter can now be changed by pressing or or the numerical keys. Pressing again,
the change is confirmed. After this is done, the new values will be saved. To return to a previous
screen, press the key.

NOTE: It is only possible to alter any parameter when the password is disabled.
Example 1:
The proportional gain of the automatic mode controller (Kp) needs to be altered.

Press as follows:
1. In the main screen, select Limiters, and press ;
2. In the submenu, select PID Automatic Mode and press ;
3. Key to change the value refererring to the Kp (proportional gain);
4. Key to increases the value, to decreases the value, or use the numerical keys;
5. Key to go to the next parameter, and to go to the previous parameter.
6. Key to confirm the keyed data.

GRAMEYER Equipamentos Eletrônicos Ltda. Page 16 of 72

GRMP03-1 Rev. 12 of 2007-11-14

7. Key returns one screen above.

On the following image, the flowchart shows all the possible paths to take through the GIP-4
HMI. On the left side the principal menus are shown, and on the right side you enter the submenus,
until you reach the last submenus of the right side, which are the values of the parameters we want to
visualize or modify.

GRAMEYER Equipamentos Eletrônicos Ltda. Page 17 of 72

GRMP03-1 Rev. 12 of 2007-11-14

FIGURA 2.2.1 - GIP-4 HMI PATHS

GRAMEYER Equipamentos Eletrônicos Ltda. Page 18 of 72

GRMP03-1 Rev. 12 of 2007-11-14

2.2.1 - Disabling the Password

To disable the password press the key. The cursor will blink on the first digit, allowing to alter this
digit by pressing or or the numerical keys. Repeat this procedure for all four digits of the
password and when reaching the desired numbers press again. If the password is correct, the
screen will return to the function that was performing before inputing the password. If the password is
incorrect, a display showing **** will be shown. This will not allow the password to be released, and
the previous steps will have to be repeated until the correct password is keyed in.
NOTE: The factory standard password is 0000.

2.2.2 - Activating the Password

To activate the password, press the key.
To alter the password, go to the main page, enter Configurations and key , and .
The cursor will blink, allowing data alterations. After this, press the key again to confirm.

NOTE: The current password must be deactivated to be able to alter it.

2.2.3 - Values Readout

These variables are read only parameters and cannot be changed by the user. They indicate the
readings of the electrical magnitudes, and some control parameters.

● The measured electrical magnitudes are:

Ugen: Generator voltage.
PF: Power factor.
Uexc: Excitation voltage.
Iexc: Excitation current.
f: Frequency.
Active: Generator active power.
Apparent: Generator apparent power.
Reactive: Generator reactive power.
Igen: Generator current.
Firing: Indicates the action of the controller output (0-100%).

2.2.4 - Programmable Parameters

These parameters are the GRMP03-1 control and configuration variables, and can be programmed by
the user to determine the functioning mode.

● Uref: Reference voltage desired at the generator output (when operating in automatic).
● Ramp: Time that the generator will take to reach the reference voltage, from the moment that
the regulator is enabled.
● Ugen: Voltage measured by the generator.
● Uexcref: Reference excitation voltage. Is the voltage that the regulator will use as a
reference when operating in manual mode.
● Umax: Parameter for output maximum voltage protection adjustment. Is the maximum voltage
that the generator will be able to operate at without causing the protection actuation (Umax).
● T U max: Parameter that determines the delay time for the protection actuation.

GRAMEYER Equipamentos Eletrônicos Ltda. Page 19 of 72

GRMP03-1 Rev. 12 of 2007-11-14

● f min: Parameter for minimum frequency protection adjustment. Is the minimum frequency
that the generator can operate at without actuation of the under frequency protection.
● T f min: Parameter that determines the delay time for the under frequency protection
actuation.
● I exc max: Parameter for adjustment of the excitation over current protection. It is the
maximum excitation current that the generator will be able to operate at without protection
actuation.
● T I exc max: Parameter that determines the delay time for the protection actuation.
● I exc min: Parameter for adjustment of the excitation under current protection. Is the
minimum excitation current that the generator will be able to operate at without Under
Excitation protection actuation.
● T I exc min: Parameter that determines the delay time for the protection actuation.
● Operation Mode: Parameter that determines the parallel operation mode, as follows:
a) Constant PF: In this mode the variable to be controlled is the power factor. The
control maintains the generator power factor constant;
b) Constant Q: In this mode the variable to be controlled is the reactive power. The
control acts in a way to maintain the generator reactive power between the range
defined by the Reactive Limit 1 and Reactive Limits 2 parameters;
c) Q Comp: In this mode of parallel operation (Reactive compensation), if there is
reactive power at the generator, the control increases or decreases the voltage on the
generator terminals, proportional to the reactive power. If the reactive power
becomes inductive (positive polarity), the voltage on the generator terminals
decreases. If the reactive power becomes capacitive (negative polarity), the voltage
on the generator terminals increases.
d) L Drop: In this mode of operation (Line drop compensation), the control acts in a
similar way to the Comp. Q mode, but with inverted polarity. If the reactive power
becomes inductive (positive polarity), the voltage at the generator terminals increases.
If the reactive power becomes capacitive (negative polarity), the voltage at the
generator terminals decreases.
● PFref: Parameter that determines the reference power factor when operating in PF
Constant mode.
● Droop: This parameter determines which will be the maximum variation limit of the generator
voltage, when operating in parallel mode.
● Ugen: Measured generator voltage.
● PF: Power factor measured.
● Cycles: Parameter to adjust the speed that the reactives control will act at the generator
voltage in Constant PF and Constant Q modes.
● Kp corr: Parameter that determines the controller integral gain when in constant PF
mode.
● Reactive Limit 1 and Reactive Limit 2: Parameters that determine the upper and
lower limits of the reactive control. Can be typed in any order ( Reactive Limit 1 >
Reactive Limit 2 or Reactive Limit 2 > Reactive Limit 1).
● Kp (LPQ) : Proportional gain of the PxQ limiter controller.
● Ki (LPQ) : Integral gain of the PxQ limiter controller.
● Kd (LPQ) : Derivative gain of the PxQ limiter controller.
● PQ Gain : General gain of the PxQ limiter controller. The higher the value, the lower the
actuation of the PxQ controller.
● Rated P : Generator rated power or 100% generator power.
● Q (P=0%), Q (P=20%), Q (P=40%), Q (P=60%), Q (P=80%), Q (P=100%): The values
of the reactive powers for the respective active powers.
● L I exc: Parameter that determines the upper limit of the excitation current limiter (Thermal
limit).
● T L I exc: Parameter that determines the delay time for the actuation of the excitation
current limiter.
● Kp (LI): PI controller proportional gain of the excitation current limiter.

GRAMEYER Equipamentos Eletrônicos Ltda. Page 20 of 72

GRMP03-1 Rev. 12 of 2007-11-14

● Ki (LI): PI controller integral gain of the excitation current limiter.

● f of the U/F: Limit frequency for U/F limiter actuation.
● U/F Drop: Voltage drop ratio.
● Fixed firing angle: Is used for firing the thyristor in the desired angle, when in manual
mode. For normal operations the Fixed firing angle must be in 'Auto'.
Note: When the 'Fixed firing angle = Auto', the control is made by the Ugen,when
operating in manual mode.
● PT: PT Transformation ratio that is being used for the sensing voltage measurement.
● CT R. exc: Excitation CT transformation ratio.
● CT R. ger: Generator output CT transformation ratio.
● Ufieldf: Field flashing voltage. This is the voltage up to which the regulator keeps the
auxiliary field power supply relay turned on during the excitation startup. From this voltage
value upwards, the auxiliary field power supply relay is turned off and the regulator continues
to excite the generator through the rectifying bridge.
This voltage is related to the secondary of the transformer. Therefore, while the output
voltage of the generator (at the low voltage side / 115V), is smaller than Ufieldf during
the start-up, the field flashing relay will remain on.
● T Uff: Field flashing time. Refers to the maximum time that the field flashing relay will
remain enabled, in case the output voltage of the generator does not reach Ufieldf.
● PI controller gains, when operating in Manual Mode.
● Kp (Man): Manual mode PI controller proportional gain.
● Ki (Man): Manual mode PI controller integral gain.
● PID controller gains, when operating in Automatic Mode.
● Kp (Aut): Automatic mode PID controller proportional gain.
● Ki (Aut): Automatic mode PID controller integral gain.
● Kd (Aut): Automatic mode PID controller derivative gain.

2.3 - IHM GIP-4 Technical Data

Function Specification
Events list 256 events
CR2430 (3V 270mA Lithium), not rechargeable and can be changed
Battery by the user. Can be changed by the same type or an equivalent ,
thermally compatible.
Real time clock in hardware Yes
Power supply voltage 18 to 30 Vdc
Maximum power consumption 0,25 A in 24 Vdc
Weight 1 Kg
Operating temperature 0 to +50°C
Storage temperature -20 to +70°C
Storage and operation humidity 5 to 85% of not condensed relative humidity
Protection level IP65 (frontal panel)

Table 2.3.1 - IHM GIP-4 Technical Data

Standard Description
RF Emission In 50081-2, 1993
Noise immunity In 61000-6-2, 2000

Table 2.3.2 - IHM GIP-4 Standard

GRAMEYER Equipamentos Eletrônicos Ltda. Page 21 of 72

GRMP03-1 Rev. 12 of 2007-11-14

3 - FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION
In this item are described the main operating characteristics of the GRMP03-1.

Analog Inputs:
8 analog inputs are available for current and voltage measurements.

The generator voltage is measured through three PTs.

The generator excitation voltage reading is done through one Hall PT.

The generator current reading is done through one CT on T phase, or optionally using three CTs.

The generator excitation current reading is done through one external Hall CT.

Analog to Digital Converter:

The circuit analog inputs are converted by a 14bits AD converter. The sampling rate is 10kHz or 166
points by cycle for a 60Hz frequency and 200 points by cycle for a 50Hz frequency.

Digital to Analog Converter:

This module displays the generator voltage variables, generator current, field voltage and field
current, to the 4 to 20mA or 0 to 10V outputs. Optionally, other variables can be displayed.

Digital outputs:
The GRMP03-1 has 14 digital outputs for alarms and protections indication.

Watchdog Timer:
There is a processors monitoring system that detects eventual fails and activate the corresponding
digital output.
Power supply source:
The power supply source powers the circuit of the voltage regulator.

3.1 - Cards and Their Functions

The interaction between the printed circuit cards (“cards”) is done according to the block diagram in
figure 4.2.1.

GRAMEYER Equipamentos Eletrônicos Ltda. Page 22 of 72

GRMP03-1 Rev. 12 of 2007-11-14

3.1.1 - Ext Aquis

Function: Conditioning and isolation of the generator voltage in phases R, S, T and N, excitation
voltage and eight (08) digital inputs;

3.1.2 - Aquis 1
Function: Conditioning and isolation of the generator excitation current, generator current of phase T
and a CPU for calculating analog and digital measurements;

GRAMEYER Equipamentos Eletrônicos Ltda. Page 23 of 72

GRMP03-1 Rev. 12 of 2007-11-14

3.1.3 - Control 1
Function: Central control CPU. It has all grid control (PID) and protection software;

3.1.4 - Sincr 1
Function: Synchronization of the power thyristor firing and analog outputs;

GRAMEYER Equipamentos Eletrônicos Ltda. Page 24 of 72

GRMP03-1 Rev. 12 of 2007-11-14

3.1.5 - Driver 1
Function: Thyristor pulse amplifier;

3.1.6 - Source
Function: Power supply source to the AVR;

GRAMEYER Equipamentos Eletrônicos Ltda. Page 25 of 72

GRMP03-1 Rev. 12 of 2007-11-14

3.1.7 - Relay 1
Function: Actuation of the operation indication and alarm relays.

3.1.8 - Relay 2
Function: Actuation of the operation indication and alarm relays.

GRAMEYER Equipamentos Eletrônicos Ltda. Page 26 of 72

GRMP03-1 Rev. 12 of 2007-11-14

3.2 - LEDs Colors Standard

The LEDs colors follows the standard below:

3.2.1 - GREEN LED: Normal Operation and Power Supply Sources

All cards are powered through the “Power Supply” card, therefore all green LEDs indicating power
supply (+5, -15, +15, +24V) must be always lit. The LEDs for the voltages ending in “ISO” (-15V_ISO
and +15V_ISO) refer to isolated voltages generated by the micro power supplies present in the cards.
The following cards are controlled by independent microprocessors, allowing for indication if they are
functioning properly.

• AQUIS 1;
• RELAY;
• CONTROL 1.

This proper mode of operation is confirmed by monitoring the green LED ‘mP OK’, which should be
blinking (each 1 second). Note: These LEDs (‘mP OK’) must blink, if they remain lit or are off, there
is a problem with the card.

3.2.2 - Yellow LED: Status Indication/Active Operations

These LEDs are located in the external acquisition card EXT AQUIS and in the RELAY cards, with different
meanings for each.
On the EXT AQUIS card, the yellow LED indicates wheter the digital input is closed (LED ON) or open (LED OFF).
And in the RELAY card, it indicates if the operation indicated by the LED is being performed (LED ON).

3.2.3 - Red LED: Failures and Alarms

When the GRMP03-1 is functioning properly, no Red LED should be lit . Red LED indicates a problem in
the system or protection actuation.

GRAMEYER Equipamentos Eletrônicos Ltda. Page 27 of 72

GRMP03-1 Rev. 12 of 2007-11-14

4 - INSTALLATION
4.1 - Basic Connections of the regulator to the Generator

The figure 4.1.1 shows the GRMP03-1 main connections diagram for control of the generator output
voltage. Through sensing / feedback signal, the equipment measures the variable to be controlled and
generates the thyristors firing signals of the Graetz controlled rectifying bridge, varying the excitation
voltage. The power supply for the Graetz bridge can come from the generator output, through the
excitation transformer or from a PMG (Permanent Magnet Generator) coupled to the generator. If
necessary, pre-excitation circuit with energy from batteries can be used.

FIGURA 4.1.1 - GRMP03-1 BASIC CONNECTION DIAGRAM

GRAMEYER Equipamentos Eletrônicos Ltda. Page 28 of 72

GRMP03-1 Rev. 12 of 2007-11-14

4.2 - Connectors Table

FIGURA 4.2.1 - FUNCTIONAL DIAGRAM

GRAMEYER Equipamentos Eletrônicos Ltda. Page 29 of 72

GRMP03-1 Rev. 12 of 2007-11-14

Tables 4.2.1 to 4.2.6 show the connection list of the AVR.

X1 Connector
Terminal Type Function Configuration
1 Analog input Excitation voltage Positive
2 - None NC
3 Analog input Excitation voltage Negative
4 Generator feedback voltage R Phase
5 Generator feedback voltage S Phase
Analog input
6 Generator feedback voltage T Phase
7 Generator feedback voltage Neutral
8 Generator feedback current phase R S1
Analog input
9 Generator feedback current phase R S2
10 Generator feedback current phase S S1
Analog input
11 Generator feedback current phase S S2
12 Generator feedback current phase T S1
Analog input
13 Generator feedback current phase T S2
14 Power supply Hall CT power supply –15Vdc
15 Power supply Hall CT power supply +15Vdc
Feedback excitation
16 Excitation current Excitation current input
current
17 Voltage for synchronism R Phase
18 Signal input Voltage for synchronism S Phase
19 Voltage for synchronism T Phase
20 (+) 4 to 20 mA Current – A Output
Analog output Ugen – Generator voltage
21 (+) 4 to 20 mA Current – A Output
22 (+) 4 to 20 mA Current – B Output
Analog output Igen – Generator current
23 (+) 4 to 20 mA Current – B Output
24 Analog output (+) 4 to 20 mA Current – C Output Uexc – Excitation voltage

Table 4.2.1 - Connections for analog inputs and for part of the analog outputs

GRAMEYER Equipamentos Eletrônicos Ltda. Page 30 of 72

GRMP03-1 Rev. 12 of 2007-11-14

X2 Connector
Terminal Type Function Configuration
1 Analog output (-) 4 to 20 mA current – C Output Uexc – Excitation voltage

2 Analog output (-) 4 to 20 mA current – D Output

Iexc – Excitation current
3 Analog output (-) 4 to 20 mA current – D Output
4 Output 0 to 10 V voltage – A Output
NC (optional)
5 Output 0 to 10 V voltage – A Output
6 Output 0 to 10 V voltage – B Output
NC (optional)
7 Output 0 to 10 V voltage – B Output
8 Output 0 to 10 V voltage – C Output
NC (optional)
9 Output 0 to 10 V voltage – C Output
10 Output 0 to 10 V voltage – D Output
NC (optional)
11 Output 0 to 10 V voltage – D Output
12 Trigger Thyristor 1 firing Trigger phase R + side
13 Trigger Thyristor 1 firing Cathode phase R + side
14 Trigger Thyristor 4 firing Trigger phase R - side
15 Trigger Thyristor 4 firing Cathode phase R - side
16 Trigger Thyristor 3 firing Trigger phase S + side
17 Trigger Thyristor 3 firing Cathode phase S + side
18 Trigger Thyristor 6 firing Trigger phase S - side
19 Trigger Thyristor 6 firing Cathode phase S - side
20 Trigger Thyristor 5 firing Trigger phase T + side
21 Trigger Thyristor 5 firing Cathode phase T + side
22 Trigger Thyristor 2 firing Trigger phase T - side
23 Trigger Thyristor 2 firing Cathode phase - side
24 Ground Ground Ground

Table 4.2.2 - Connections of part of the analog outputs and of the thyristor pulses

GRAMEYER Equipamentos Eletrônicos Ltda. Page 31 of 72

GRMP03-1 Rev. 12 of 2007-11-14

X3 Connector
Terminal Type Function Configuration
1 - None NC
2 - None NC
3 - None NC
4 Input GRMP03-1 Power supply +24 / +125 / +220 Vdc
5 - None NC
6 Input GRMP03-1 Power supply 0 Vdc
7 - None NC
8 - None NC
9 - None NC
10 - None NC
11 Analog input Reference remote adjustment +-9 Vdc
12 Analog input Reference remote adjustment +-9 Vdc
13 - None NC
14 - None NC
15 - None NC
16 - None NC
17 - None NC
18 - None NC
19 - None NC
20 - None NC
21 - None NC
22 - None NC
23 - None NC
24 - None NC

Table 4.2.3 - External power supply connections

GRAMEYER Equipamentos Eletrônicos Ltda. Page 32 of 72

GRMP03-1 Rev. 12 of 2007-11-14

X4 Connector
Terminal Type Function Configuration
1 Closed contact starts regulator
Digital input 1 Enables regulator
2 operation

3 Closed contact indicates that the

Digital input 2 Enables parallel
4 generator is operating in parallel

5 Commands increase of the generator

Digital input 3 Increase voltage
6 reference voltage

7 Commands decrease of the generator

Digital input 4 Decrease voltage
8 reference voltage

9 Enables rotating diode failure

Digital input 5 Rotating Diode failure
10 protection

11 A pulse in these terminals commands

Digital input 6 Reset protections
12 protections reset

13 A “jumper” in these terminals selects

Digital input 7 Automatic/Manual
14 regulator in automatic mode

15 A “jumper” in these terminals selects

Digital input 8 regulator for local command Local/Remote
16 operation
17
Digital input 9 RESERVE NC
18
19
Digital input 10 RESERVE NC
20
21 - None NC
22 NA
Output
23 Common “Watchdog” processing failure
Dry-contact
24 NF

Table 4.2.4 - Digital inputs connections of the EXT_AQUIS card

GRAMEYER Equipamentos Eletrônicos Ltda. Page 33 of 72

GRMP03-1 Rev. 12 of 2007-11-14

X5 Connector
Terminal Type Function Configuration
1 NA
Output
2 C Turn on/off pre-excitation
Dry-contact
3 NF
4 NA
Output
5 C Rotating diode failure
Dry-contact
6 NF
7 NA
Output
8 C Parallel enabled
Dry-contact
9 NF
10 NA
Output
11 C Regulator enabled
Dry-contact
12 NF
13 NA
Output
14 C Excitation current thermal limit
Dry-contact
15 NF
16 NA
Output
17 C Excitation under current
Dry-contact
18 NF
19 NA
Output
20 C Excitation over current
Dry-contact
21 NF
22 NA
Output Generator over voltage
23 C
Dry-contact
24 NF

Table 4.2.5 - Outputs to relay of Relay_1 card

GRAMEYER Equipamentos Eletrônicos Ltda. Page 34 of 72

GRMP03-1 Rev. 12 of 2007-11-14

X6 Connector
Terminal Type Function Configuration
1 NA
Output
2 C Field flashing excessive time
Dry-contact
3 NF
4 NA
Output
5 C Phase fault
Dry-contact
6 NF
7 NA
Output
8 C Sensing fault
Dry-contact
9 NF
10 NA
Output
11 C AVR Fault
Dry-contact
12 NF
13 NA
Output
14 C Under frequency
Dry-contact
15 NF
16 NA
Output
17 C Protection
Dry-contact
18 NF
19 - None NC
20 A+ Connection with GIP4 through PLC
Communication
21 A- port (DB15)

22 - None NC
23 Voltage 24Vcc (+)
Output Power supply voltage for GIP4
24 Voltage 24Vcc (-)

Table 4.2.6 - Outputs to relay of Relay 2 card

Note: The type of connectors used on X1 to X2 are PCB 5,08 type, and are divided in M (male) and F
(female), with 24 channels. The cables that are connected to the connector are 1,5mm and the
terminals used are "Ilhos" 1,5mm type.

LEGEND

NC – Not connected
NA – Normally open
NF – Normally closed
C - Common

GRAMEYER Equipamentos Eletrônicos Ltda. Page 35 of 72

GRMP03-1 Rev. 12 of 2007-11-14

4.3 - Connection Diagram for Attached Power Module (Optional)

As an option, a totally controlled rectifying bridge can be supplied mounted in the back part of the
regulator (Graetz Bridge), which implements the functions of the rectifying bridge and the pre-
excitation circuit. Below is the bridge diagram, where are shown the field connections, excitation
transformer and DC source of the pre-excitation. It also has other connections for regulator
interconnection.

FIGURA 4.3.1 - CONNECTION DIAGRAM – POWER MODULE

Note: F1, F2, F3 must be ultra-fast fuses.
The terminals to be connected to the bus bars are Eyelet type, and the cables thickness
depend on the generator current. The screws that support the terminals are PS AL/AP M5x12 type.
The type of connectors used on XC2 to XC6 are PCB 5,08 type, and are divided in M (male)
and F (female), with 2, 3 and 12 channels, according to the drawings. The cables that are connected
to the connector are 1,5mm and the terminals used are "Ilhos" 1,5mm type.

4.3.1 - Configuration Tables – Power Stage

• XC2 Connector
Through this connector we activate the generator pre-excitation system (field flashing). The regulator
comes with the X5-1 and X5-2 terminals interconnected with XC2-1 and XC2-2. This way the regulator
will activate (through a dry contact NA) the pre-excitation system, that is composed by FETs and
limiter resistors.

• ESC+ and ESC- Connectors

The Pre-excitation circuit power supply is done through these connectors according to table4.3.1.1.
They are usually connected to the an external power source or to batteries from the auxiliary power
supply.

Terminal Type Function Configuration

ESC + +Vdc – Pre-excitation power supply
Power supply ---
ESC - 0 Vc - Pre-excitation power supply
Table 4.3.1.1 - Pre-excitation power supply

GRAMEYER Equipamentos Eletrônicos Ltda. Page 36 of 72

GRMP03-1 Rev. 12 of 2007-11-14

• XC3 Connector
This component connects (connection done at the factory) the pulses of the trigger from the AVR (X2-
12 to X2-23 connectors) and the thyristor triggers XC3-1 to XC3-12.

X2 Terminal number XC3 Terminal number

12 1
13 2
14 3
15 4
16 5
17 6
18 7
19 8
20 9
21 10
22 11
23 12
Table 4.3.1.2 - Connection between the Trigger Pulses and Thyristor Triggers

• XC4 Connector
Through this connector the feedback excitation voltage to the voltage regulator is performed
(connection done at the factory). Terminals X1-1 are connected to XC4-1 and X1-3 with XC4-3.

X1 Terminal number XC4 Terminal number

1 1
3 3
Table 4.3.1.3 - Excitation Feedback

• XC5 Connector
Through this connector the excitation current feedback to the voltage regulator is performed
(connection done at the factory). Terminals X1-15 are connected to XC5-1, X1-16 with XC5-2 and X1-
14 with XC5-3.
X1 Terminal number XC5 Terminal number
15 1
16 2
14 3
Table 4.3.1.4 - Excitation Current Feedback

• XC6 Connector
This component connects (connection done at the factory) phases R, S and T from the power module
supply to terminals X1-17, X1-18 e X1-19 respectively.

Phase number X1 Terminal number

R 17
S 18
T 19
Table 4.3.1.5 - Connection Between the Phases and Signal Stage

GRAMEYER Equipamentos Eletrônicos Ltda. Page 37 of 72

GRMP03-1 Rev. 12 of 2007-11-14

• Pre-excitation Connectors
Through these connectors we can increase or decrease the field flashing current, inserting resistors in
parallel (RP) or in series (RS) with the excitation field of the generator.

Terminal Type Function Configuration

RSA* A connector for resistors in series
RSB* B connector for resistors in series
Power supply ---
RPA A connector for resistors in parallel
RPB B connector for resistors in parallel
Table 4.3.1.6 - Pre-excitation Connectors

* These connectors must be connected via jumper if resistors in series with the field are not used.

4.4 - Connection Diagram of the GIP Interface

FIGURA 4.4.1 - CONNECTION DIAGRAM OF THE GIP-4 INTERFACE / BACK VIEW

The connector PLC PORT is type DB15, and is connected using a standard cable (included) to the
GRMP03-1 regulator (control module) and it performs the communication between the two.
The connector AUX PORT is type DB9, used for serial communication.
The 24VDC is a conventional of three ways, used for power supply.

The communication pins are present on both connectors, as shown on table below:

PLC PORT (DB15) Function (X6 Connector from regulator)

6 21 (A-)
14 20 (A+)
Tabela 4.4.1 - Connectors for regulator communication

AUX PORT (DB9) Função (Conector X6 do regulador)

3 A-
8 A+
Tabela 4.4.2 - Connectors for serial communication

GRAMEYER Equipamentos Eletrônicos Ltda. Page 38 of 72

GRMP03-1 Rev. 12 of 2007-11-14

4.5 - Dimensions

FIGURA 4.5.1 - GRMP03-1 DIMENSIONAL

Note: Use 4 M6/16 AL/AP screws to support the regulator.

GRAMEYER Equipamentos Eletrônicos Ltda. Page 39 of 72

GRMP03-1 Rev. 12 of 2007-11-14

FIGURA 4.5.2 - GIP-4 DIMENSION S

GRAMEYER Equipamentos Eletrônicos Ltda. Page 40 of 72

GRMP03-1 Rev. 12 of 2007-11-14

5 - OPERATIONS
The GRMP03-1 voltage regulator has several operatiing modes as described below:

5.1 - Manual / Automatic Operation

5.1.1 - Automatic Mode Operation – Generator Output Voltage Control

The GRMP03-1 function is to maintain the generator voltage equal to the reference value previously
programmed. For this function, the regulator must be operating in the Automatic mode (selected
through a switch via digital input, see item 10 - External Commands), where the generator output
voltage is utilized as feedback.

During the Automatic mode, other controls that can actuate in the reference voltage are : Ramp, U/F
Operation and Parallel operation.
The reference voltage can be modified via HMI, remote push-buttons, analog input or through a
supervisory software.

The GRMP03-1 regulator performs a PID (Proportional + Integral + Derivative) control to maintain
the generator output voltage equal to the reference value, when operating in Automatic mode.

The feedback voltage comes from the generator output (R, S and T phases), the reference voltage is
programmed in Uref (See item 2) and the control output will actuate in the regulator excitation.

The controller gains must be programmed in a way that the regulator stabilizes the output voltage of
the generator. Some examples of programmed values for the controller gains are:
• Kp (Aut)=14 (Proportional gain)
• Ki (Aut)=08 (Integral gain)
• Kd (Aut)=14 (Derivative gain)

Note: These values are only examples. Each machine will have an appropriate value for these
parameters.
For instructions about the programming parameters, see item 2.

5.1.2 - Manual Mode Operation – Excitation Voltage Control

In this mode of operation, the static exciter feedback control is the excitation voltage. This mode of
operation is selected through a switch via digital input (automatic/manual=open) and it is utilized
during commissioning, or drying of the generator.
Note 1: The regulator reference will be the excitation voltage only if the programmed value in Fixed
firing angle is equal to “Auto”. If not, the Regulator will fire the thristors at a constant angle
equal to the value which was programmed in this variable. The control through the angle can only be
accomplished when the transformer is powered by an independent source (the grid, for example), or
by a PMG.
Note 2: When in manual mode, the following protections will be disabled:
• Ramp;
• Automatic Field flashing;
• U/F Operation;
• Parallel operation;
• Umax Protection;
• Fmin Protection;
• Sensing fault protection;
• Excessive field flashing protection;

GRAMEYER Equipamentos Eletrônicos Ltda. Page 41 of 72

GRMP03-1 Rev. 12 of 2007-11-14

The GRMP03-1 regulator performs a PI (Proportional + Integral ) control to maintain the excitation
voltage constant, when operating in Manual mode.
The feedback control signal comes from the field of the generator (excitation voltage). The reference
voltage is programmed in Uexcref and the control output will actuate in the regulator excitation.
The controller gains must be programmed in a way that the regulator stabilizes the excitation voltage
of the generator. Some examples of programmed values for the controller constants are:
• Kp (Man) = 2 (Proportional gain)
• Ki (Man) = 15 (Integral gain)
To program these values, see item 2.
Note: These values are only examples. Each machine will have an appropriate value for these
parameters.

5.2 - Ramp

To avoid ‘overshoot’ (over voltage) and other problems, the GRMP03-1 has a function called Ramp.
When the GRMP03-1 is turned on at the automatic mode, the output voltage is maintained at the
minimum value (0V), while it is disabled (item 10- External Command <Enables Regulator>). When
enabled, the reference voltage starts to go up the ramp, until it reaches the value programmed in
Uref. When it is disabled, the firing angle goes to 150o, causing a fast de-excitation of the generator,
decreasing the voltage to 0V.
Note: The 0V voltage is the reference voltage, but the real voltage at the generator output depends
on the magnetic residual voltage of the machine .

Note: 1) While in Ramp, the correction modes of the Parallel operation and constant
U/F will be disabled.
2) When in Manual mode operation, ramp is not present.

5.3 - Field Flashing

The GRMP03-1 does the field flashing of the generator (apply voltage to the field from an external
source) automatically, when all conditions below are met:

• The generator output voltage is less than the one programmed in (Ufieldf). This parameter
refers to the secondary side of the sensing transformer;
• Enables Regulator contact is closed;
• No alarm is actuated;
• Operating in Automatic Mode;
• Programming of the field flashing voltage: Ufieldf > 0.

Below we have an example of the start of operation of regulation, where other functions are
identified. Verify the residal voltage of the generator, while the regulator is disabled. The Ramp time
will only start to count before enabling the regulator, and the field flashing relay turn off when the
voltage reach the Ufieldf value.

GRAMEYER Equipamentos Eletrônicos Ltda. Page 42 of 72

GRMP03-1 Rev. 12 of 2007-11-14

U
Ramp
UREF

UFIELD F.
UREMAINING

t
Enables regulator End Field Flashing Ramp End

FIGURE 5.3.1 - FIELD FLASHING

If the generator voltage does not rise, and remains below Ufieldf voltage, the Field Flashing
voltage relay will remain activated until the T Uff time elapses. After the set time is reached, and if
the voltage has not gone over Uescorv, the T Uescorv alarm will be triggered.
Note: To disable the field flashing Ufieldf = 0 must be programmed.

5.4 - Parallel Operation

When the generator is operating connected to the grid or to another generator, we have parallel
operation or the generator. This information is sent to the regulator through a corresponding digital
input.
In this mode of operation the regulator cannot maintain the output voltage of the regulator equal,
because now the generator is connected to other generators and all will present the same output
voltage. Therefore, an additional control will be necessary to modify the reference voltage of the
generator, due to the variations that occur with the generator reactive power.

Note: This will only work when operating in automatic mode (generator output voltage control).

When operating in parallel, the following control modes are available (selected through the parameter
“operation mode”):

● Constant Power Factor (PF constant);

● Reactive Range Reactives Limit 1 and Reactives Limit 2 (Q constant);
● Reactive Compensation (Q Comp.);
● Line Drop Compensation (L Drop).

After the generator has been connected to the grid or to another generator, the GRMP03-1 must
recognize the parallel mode, that is done through the corresponding digital input (“Enable Parallel”).
Note that the digital input “Parallel Operation” will be activated.

The GRMP03-1 informs the PF and Q (Reactive Power) following the signal convention from the table
below:

GRAMEYER Equipamentos Eletrônicos Ltda. Page 43 of 72

GRMP03-1 Rev. 12 of 2007-11-14

Signal Reactive Power Excitation Level

+ INDUCTIVE Over excited
- CAPACITIVE Under excited

Table 5.4.1 - Signals convention for reactive power

For adjustment of the parallel operation, the following parameters are used:

FP ref: Control reference of the power factor (only when operating in Constant PF). The regulator
will adjust the generator excitation so as to maintain a constant power factor, equal to the set value in
this variable;

Reactives Limit 1 / Reactives Limit 2: These two parameters define the limits for
reactive control when operating in Q constant mode. It means that in this mode the regulator will
adjust the generator excitation in a way to maintain the reactive power inside the limits defined by
these variables. The controller action will only occur if the reactive power is out of range.

Droop: Used to limit the variation of the generator voltage. It indicates the percent variation of the
generator voltage.

Cycles: Defines the time interval for executing the control routine, when operating in the Constant
PF mode and Constant Q mode. Each cycle is equivalent to a period of 8 ms. If for example, we
define the Cycles parameter as 10 , it means that the reactive control routine will be executed every
80 ms (10*8ms = 80ms), that is, the higher the programmed value in cycles, the slower the control
response time to the variations of the controlled variable.

Kp corr: This parameter determines the integral gain of the PF/Reactive controller, when operating in
Constant PF and Constant Q modes.

ATTENTION:
To operate in parallel with the grid, the user must have authorization from the power company.
These connections must be informed and approved by the power companies, to avoid problems.
Grameyer Equipamentos Eletrônicos Ltda do does not perform the parallel operation without
previous authorization from the power company and is not responsible for the improper use of the
equipment in these conditions.

5.4.1 - Constant Power Factor

Programming: Operation Mode = Constant PF

When in parallel, this mode of operation is responsible to maintain the PF constant and equal to the
programmed at the PF reference value (PF ref).

The parameters that interfere in this control are:

● PF ref
● Cycles
● DROOP
● Kp corr

5.4.2 - Constant Reactive

Programming: Operation Mode = Constant Q

GRAMEYER Equipamentos Eletrônicos Ltda. Page 44 of 72

GRMP03-1 Rev. 12 of 2007-11-14

In this mode, when in parallel operation, the regulation objective is to maintain Reactive Power
(Constant Q) within a predetermined range defined by the limits Reactive Limit 1 and Reactive
Limit 2.

The parameters that interfere in this control are:

● Reactives Limit 1
● Reactives Limit 2
● Cycles
● DROOP
● Kp corr

5.4.3 - Reactive Compensation

Programming: Command = Comp. Q

The GRMP03-1 can perform reactive compensation when operating in parallel. To perform
compensation, the output voltage must vary according to the impedance of the grid busbar.
The only parameter required for reactive compensation is Droop , which indicates how much the
control will alter the generator output voltage to compensate the line reactives. If it is programmed as
0, there will be no reactive compensation.

Reactive compensation works as follows:

When thevoltage of the busbar to which the regulator is connected to varies, it tends to produce an
increase in reactive power of the generator to which it is connected. The measured reactive power is
multiplied by the Droop parameter and the result of this multiplication is substracted from the
reference voltage Uref. As a consequence the reference voltage of the generator will accompany the
busbar voltage.

5.4.4 - Line Drop Compensation

Programming: Command = L Drop

It has the opposite effect of the reactive compensation and the result of the multiplication of the
reactive power by Droop i s added to the reference voltage.
With this the regulator can compensate the line voltage drop in applications where a generator powers
an isolated load through a long transmission line.

5.5 - Voltage Control via External Commands

Two digital inputs allowDuas entradas digitais permitem aumentar e diminuir a referência de tensão
do gerador.

Operating in Automatic Mode

The generator output voltage can be remotely controlled, through digital input.
The maximum variation allowed is ±10% of the rated value over the Uref parameter.

Important: The increment value added to the regulator reference through the digital input is not
saved. That is, when the equipment is disabled (digital input Enable Regulator = open) the reference
value will not consider the alterations done by the digital inputs and the regulator will search the
programmed refererence on parameter Uref.

GRAMEYER Equipamentos Eletrônicos Ltda. Page 45 of 72

GRMP03-1 Rev. 12 of 2007-11-14

Operating in Manual Mode

The excitation voltage of the generator can be controlled remotely via push buttons. The maximum
permitted variation is +/- 50 V over the reference excitation voltage Uexcref.

Important: The increment value added to the regulator reference through the digital input is not
saved. That is, when the equipment is disabled ( digital input “enable regulator= open) the reference
value will not consider the alterations done by the digital inputs and the regulator will search the
programmed refererence on paarameter Uexcref.

5.6 - Voltage Control via External Command ±9V (Optional)

One of the analog inputs allows theemote adju rstment of the reference voltage Ugen when in
automatic mode and Uexcref when in manual mode. The variation range of the references is the
same as those obtained by the remote digital commands or increase/ decrease voltage.

GRAMEYER Equipamentos Eletrônicos Ltda. Page 46 of 72

GRMP03-1 Rev. 12 of 2007-11-14

6 - PROTECTIONS
After activation of internal protections, the GRMP03-1 stops regulating (thyristor firing angle goes to
150°),and will indicate on the HMI or the digital output cards, which protection ocurred. The
protections are timed in accordance to the programmed value, to avoid false alarms. The following
items show the available protections.

6.1 - Over voltage

The Over Voltage protection actuates only in the AUTOMATIC mode. The variable Umax determines
the value of the maximum permitted generator voltage. If the voltage goes over this value for a
longer time than that was programmed in T Umax, the protection signal will ocurr. This protection is
signalled through the corresponding digital output.

6.2 - Under Frequency

The Under Voltage protection actuates only in the automatic mode. The variable f min determines
the value of the minimum permitted generator frequency. If the frequency goes under this value for a
time longer than that that was programmed in T f min, the protection signal will activate. This
protection is signalled through the corresponding digital output.

6.3 - Over Excitation

The Iexc. max variable determines the value of the maximum excitation current allowed. If the
excitation current goes above this value for a time longer than that programmed in T Iexc max, the
protection signal will activate. This protection will be signalled through the corresponding digital
output.

6.4 - Under Excitation

The Iexc. min variable determines the value of the maximum excitation current allowed. If the
excitation current goes below this value for a time longer than that programmed in T Iexc min, the
protection signal will activate. This protection will be signalled through the corresponding digital
output.

6.5 - Excessive Field Flashing Time

The Ufieldf variable determines the value of the terminal voltage that the field flashing will be
turned off after the starting of the regulator. After the regulator starts, if the output voltage goes
below the Ufieldf voltage for a time longer than T. Uff, the protection signal will activate. This
protection will be signalled through the corresponding digital output.

6.6 - Failure During Acquisition

If there is a communication failure between the Aquis 1 e Control cards, an acquisition failure
protection will actuate. This protection will be signalled through the corresponding digital output.

6.7 - General Protection

If any protection above is actuated, the digital output “Protection” will be activated and it will act as a
Failure Summary.
IMPORTANT: The protections will only be monitored when the regulator is ENABLED (through the
corresponding digital input and indicated in the HMI).

ATTENTION: After an alarm occurs the GRMP03-1 regulator will only return to regulation in case the
protections are restarted through the Reset Alarms external command or disabling the regulator.

GRAMEYER Equipamentos Eletrônicos Ltda. Page 47 of 72

GRMP03-1 Rev. 12 of 2007-11-14

6.8 - Disabling Protections

To disable the protections, program the time variable as “---” (this appears after 99), or set the
parameter in a way that the comparison value will never be reached. For example: An under excitation
protection can be disabled adjusting the actuation time to “---” or setting the parameter I exc min
= 0;
When the regulator is DISABLED, NO protections will actuate.

6.9 - Protections Functioning Principle

For each protection we have two parameters, the maximum or minimum value of the magnitude being
monitored and the maximum time the GRMP03-1 must wait to trigger the alarm. It is important to
remember that no alarm will trigger if the condition returns to normal before reaching the
programmed time, as shown in the figure below:

Smaller than
U the time

UMAX

UREF
Bigger than
the time

t
Nothing Protection actuation
occurs
Figure 6.9.1 - Alarm actuation

6.10 - Protections Reset

After a protection occurs, the GRMP03-1 stops regulating (reference voltage goes to zero).

To reset the alarms, the following can be done:

1. Close the Reset Alarms contacts, for a short period, for example 1 second;
2. On the HMI alarms screen, push the “0” key.
3. Another way is to unplug the GRMP03-1 from the power supply.

6.10.1 - Returning to Normal Regulation

To return to normal operation, after the alarms have been properly reset, the regulator must be
disabled and immediately enabled again, through the external switch Enable Regulator.

GRAMEYER Equipamentos Eletrônicos Ltda. Page 48 of 72

GRMP03-1 Rev. 12 of 2007-11-14

7 - LIMITERS
MITERS

7.1 - U/F Limiter

When the generator frequency goes below the value programmed for the U/F frequency, the
generator output voltage will decrease in the proportion programmed by the Volt/Hz ratio.

Note: The U/F limiter only works when the regulator is on automatic mode and not operating in
parallel.

See the figure below that shows the constant U/F operation.

FIGURA 7.1.1 - U/F PROTECTION

Note that two values must be programmed: The frequency that the U/F starts to actuate ( U/F freq)
and the decreased voltage value by the frequency (U/F Drop).

The two parameters are programmed according to the item 2.

To disable the U/F operation, the ‘Volt/Hz = 0’ ratio must be programmed.

7.2 - Excitation Current Limiter (Thermal Limit)

The GRMP03-1 can be programmed to limit generator excitation current after a set time. This time
allows for the generator to respond to transients that require a high excitation current. The limiter
uses a PI controller, proportional plus integral whose constants must be adjusted.
The parameters for the current thermal limit and time are programmed through L Iexc and T L
Iexc. The value of Iexc max is used here by the limiter, as shown in the figure 7.2.1.
The PI controller gains are adjusted through the following data: Kp (LI) and Ki (LI). The figure
7.2.1 shows how the Iexc thermal limit works.

To disable the current limitation, increase the T L Iexc parameter, until it appears in the display: T
L Iexc = - - - .

GRAMEYER Equipamentos Eletrônicos Ltda. Page 49 of 72

GRMP03-1 Rev. 12 of 2007-11-14

FIGURE 7.2.1 - THERMAL LIMIT PROTECTION

For proper operation the following conditions must be met:

1. Parameters L Iexc e Iexc max cannot be higher than double CT R exc.

2. Parameter Iexc max must be at least 10% higher than the value of L Iexc.
3. The Current Thermal Limit, L Iexc, must be at least 5% higher than the rated generator current
to avoid constant current limitations.

7.3 - PxQ Limiter (Optional)

The GRMP03-1 can be programmed to limit the reactive power in the region of under excitation
through parameter setting of the PxQ curve as shown in figure below.

FIGURE 7.3.1 - PXQ CURVE

The parameter referring to this limiter are:

Kp (LPQ), Ki (LPQ), Kd (LPQ), PQ gain (see figure 7.3.2), Rated P, Q (P=0%), Q
(P=20%), Q (P=40%), Q (P=60%), Q (P=80%), Q (P=100%).

GRAMEYER Equipamentos Eletrônicos Ltda. Page 50 of 72

GRMP03-1 Rev. 12 of 2007-11-14

FIGURE 7.3.2-
7.3.2- BLOCK DIAGRAM OF THE PXQ LIMITER CONTROLLER

NOTE: The parameters are not accessible by the HMI, only by the Modbus communication.

GRAMEYER Equipamentos Eletrônicos Ltda. Page 51 of 72

GRMP03-1 Rev. 12 of 2007-11-14

8 - POWER SYSTEM STABILIZER (PSS)*

The voltage regulator has an additional circuit to stabilize the electric power oscillations of the
generator, called Power System Stabilizer (PSS).

The output signal of the PSS actuates on the automatic voltage regulator, causing an oscillation to the
excitation current , exactly opposite in phase to the oscillation of the active power and/or the
frequency of the generator. In this fashion, a stabilizing torque is produced on the rotor of the
synchronous machine, which functions as a shock absorver to dampen the oscillation of the generated
electric power.

The PSS function can be enabled/disabled through a corresponding digital input.

The figure below shows the block diagram of the PSS and its transfer function.

* Optional item.

9 - ALARMS
The alarms differ from the protections by the fact that they do not stop the excitation when they
occurr and only signal by the HMI and the corresponding digital output. If desired that this alarms
block the excitation operations, an external logic must be implemented. The existing alarms are
described on the " Protections" --> "General" menu, and they are:

9.1 - Rotating Diode Failure

This alarm detects short circuits or openting of the rectifying diosde from the auxiliary exciter. If a
diode fails, an alarm signal will occurr. This alarm monitors the waveform of the field current. If the
current waveform (ripple) is higher than 40% of the average current value, the alarm will be
activated. This alarm signals through the corresponding digital input.

NOTE: This alarm is enabled / disabled through the corresponding digital input.

9.2 - Phase Fault

This alarm has a fixed time set at 1 second and cannot be disabled. It detects failure in at least one of
the power phases, and it signals through the corresponding digital input.

9.3 - Sensing Fault

This alarm has a fixed time set at 3 second and cannot be disabled. It detects failure in at least one of
the sensing / feedback phases, and it signals through the corresponding digital input.

NOTE: This alarm only actuates in the Automatic Mode.

GRAMEYER Equipamentos Eletrônicos Ltda. Page 52 of 72

GRMP03-1 Rev. 12 of 2007-11-14

10 - EXTERNAL COMMANDS – DIGITAL INPUTS

The GRMP03-1 has eight (8) digital inputs destined for external commands through PLC or push-
buttons. They are as follows:

10.1 - Enables Regulator

Enables the GRMP03-1 to regulate normally, and can be disabled by opening these contacts. When
this input is closed, the regulator starts its regulation.

10.2 - Parallel Operation

Informs the regulator that it is operating in parallel with other generators or with the grid. The
parallel operation is enabled when this input is closed. To disable the parallel operation just open the
contacts.

10.3 - Alarms Reset

These contacts re-initialize the alarm relays, and erase all alarms indications in the HMI. This
command must be sent after an alarm has ocurred, when it is desired to return to normal operation.
Important: As long as these contacts remain closed, there will be no alarms. To reset any alarm,
close the contact for one second (1s).

10.4 - Local / Remote

This command must be left on local mode, with the respective contacts closed.

10.5 - Increase Reference Voltage

Closing these contacts, the action will depend of the mode of operation.
a) Automatic: Generator output voltage will increase. See item 5 - Voltage Control by Remote
Contacts;
b) Manual: Generator excitation voltage will increase. See item 5- Voltage Control by Remote
Contacts.

10.6 - Decrease Reference Voltage

Closing these contacts, the action will depend of the mode of operation.
a) Automatic: Generator output voltage will decrease. See item 5 - Voltage Control by Remote
Contacts;
b) Manual: Generator excitation voltage will decrease. See item 5 - Voltage Control by Remote
Contacts.
Note: Only works when operating in LOCAL mode.

10.7 - Automatic / Manual

This contact selects the Manual/Automatic Operation mode of the generator. When is opened is the
Manual mode, and when is closed is the Automatic mode. See item 5.1.1.

10.8 - Enables Rotating Diode Failure

When this input is closed, it enables the detection of the alarm for failure of the rotating diodes.
The figure below shows the available digital inputs and their respectives connection terminals.

GRAMEYER Equipamentos Eletrônicos Ltda. Page 53 of 72

GRMP03-1 Rev. 12 of 2007-11-14

FIGURA 10.8.1 - EXAMPLE OF DIGITAL INPUT CONNECTIONS

Attention: No voltage should be applied to these terminals. They are to be maintained open or
closed as shown on the drawing.

GRAMEYER Equipamentos Eletrônicos Ltda. Page 54 of 72

GRMP03-1 Rev. 12 of 2007-11-14

11 - ANALOG OUTPUTS
The GRMP03-1 has 4 isolated analog outputs (4-20mA or 0-10V). Verify how your GRMP03-1 is
configured since only one of the options is implemented on the unit.

ATTENTION: The output type, the magnitudes indicated and the upper range limit must be specified
by the customer so they can be pre-programmed at the factory.

Table 11.1 below shows an example of the magnitudes available and typical upper range limits.

Output Magnitude Upper range limit

A Sensing Voltage It is configurated on the
B Generator Current "Configuration" menu, in
C Excitation Voltage "Ugen","Igen", "Uexc" and "Iexc"
D Excitation Current
Table 11.1 - Analog outputs

11.1 - Formulas to Calculate Measured Magnitudes

When the output current is 4-20mA, utilize the following formula:

 I S −4
Value=FS⋅
16
Where,
Value: Measured magnitude (V, A, kW, kVA, kVAr)
FS: Upper range limit
Is: Generated current at the selected output (in mA).

Examples:

Ex1: With FS = 10000 and current in output A = 14mA, means that the voltage at the generator
14−4
output is: Value=10.000⋅
16
Value = 6.250 V

Ex2: With FS = 5000 for active power, and current in output B = 10mA, means that the Apparent
10−4
Power is: Value=5.000⋅
16
Value = 1875 kVA

When the putput voltage is 0-10V, utilize the following formula:

US
Value=FS⋅
10

Where:
Value: Measured magnitude (V, A, kW, kVA, kVAr)
FS: Upper range limit
Us: Generated voltage at the selected output (in U).

Examples:
Ex1: With FS = 10000 and voltage on output A = 8.25 V, means that the output generator
8,25
voltage is: Value=10.000⋅
10
Value = 8.250V

GRAMEYER Equipamentos Eletrônicos Ltda. Page 55 of 72

GRMP03-1 Rev. 12 of 2007-11-14

Ex2: With = 5000 for active power, with output voltage on output B = 4.35 V, means that the
4,35
Apparent Power is: Value=5.000⋅
10
Value = 2175 kVA

11.2 - Technical data

D/A Converter data Value
Resolution 16 bits
Precision 0,3 µA / 30 mV
Linearity error and off-set 0,5% FS
Table 11.2.1 - Technical data of the analog outputs

The outputs are isolated from the rest of the equipment but the grounding points of the 4 outputs
(GND) are connected internally.
Within the current receiving equipment (PLC, Acquisition card...), there will be a resistor to convert
that current into voltage. Observe that this resistor should be no more than 400Ω.
The following is a connection example of a PLC reading the measurements of the GRMP03-1, when it
is configured for an output current of 4-20mA:

GRMP03
X1 X1 X1 X1 X1 X2 X2 X2
20 21 22 23 24 1 2 3

R R R R

4-20 mA Inputs

FIGURE 11.2.1 - EXAMPLE OF A CONNECTION BETWEEN A GRMP03-1 AND ANOTHER EQUIPMENT

Max. Load of each input: 400 Ω

GRAMEYER Equipamentos Eletrônicos Ltda. Page 56 of 72

GRMP03-1 Rev. 12 of 2007-11-14

12 - OUTPUT RELAYS (DIGITAL OUTPUTS)

The GRMP03-1 has several outputs relays for indication of normal operations and alarms. The
several outputs are shown on figure 4.2.1.

ATTENTION: Connect the relays in circuits that will not exceed their rupture capacity (8A/ 250Vac).
12.1 - Automatic Field Flashing
It effects the automatic field flashing of the regulator, and is used to activate the external field
flashing contactor;
12.2 - Rotating Diode Failure
The relay will remain on when the Rotating Diode Failure protection is actuated. To turn off, you must
perform Protection Reset;
12.3 - Parallel Operation
Indicates that the regulator is operating in parallel mode;

12.4 - Regulator Enabled

The relay will remain on when the regulator is enabled. The necessary condition is that the digital
input “Regulator Enabled” is closed and any alarm occur;
12.5 - Limit Field Current Operation
The relay will actuate whenever the regulator limits the excitation current. The relay will turn off
automatically when leave the current limitation;
12.6 - Field Under Current
The relay will remain on when the excitation under current protection is actuated. To turn off, you
must perform Protections Reset;
12.7 - Field Over Current
The relay will remain on when the excitation over current protection is actuated. To turn off, you must
perform Protections Reset;
12.8 - Over Voltage on Generator Output
The relay will remain on when the Over Voltage on Generator Output protection is actuated. To turn
off, you must perform Protection Reset;
12.9 - Excessive Field Flashing
The relay will remain on when the Excessive Field Flashing protection is actuated. To turn off, you
must perform Protection Reset;
12.10 - Phase Fault
The relay will remain on when the Phase Fault protection is actuated. To turn off, you must perform
Protection Reset;
12.11 - Sensing Fault
The relay will remain on when the Loss of Sensing protection is actuated. To turn off, you must
perform Protection Reset;
12.12 - Failure During Acquisition
The relay will remain on when the Failure during Acquisition protection is actuated. To turn off, you
must perform Protection Reset;
12.13 - Under Frequency
The relay will remain on when the Under Frequency protection is actuated. O relé ficará ligado quando
atuar a proteção de sub frequência. To turn off, you must perform Protection Reset;
12.14 - General Protection Failure
The relay will remain on when the General Protection failure protection is actuated. To turn off, you
must perform Protection Reset.

GRAMEYER Equipamentos Eletrônicos Ltda. Page 57 of 72

GRMP03-1 Rev. 12 of 2007-11-14

13 - ANALOG INPUTS
To perform voltage and current measurements required to perform control, the GRMP03-1 has several
analog inputs:

• Generator output voltage sensing/feedback (3 signals – Three phase; it can be calibrated on the
"Calibration" menu, in "G Ugen" and "Off Ugen");
• Generator current output (1 signal or 3 three phase signals – optional; it can be calibrated on the
"Calibration" menu, in "G Igen" and "Off Igen");
• Excitation voltage (1 signal; it can be calibrated on the "Calibration" menu, in "G Uexc" and "Off
Uexc");
• Excitation current (1 signal; it can be calibrated on the "Calibration" menu, in "G Iexc" and "Off
Iexc");
• External command voltage (Optional card, that can be enabled through the HMI on the
"Configurations" menu, in "EA enabled").

GRAMEYER Equipamentos Eletrônicos Ltda. Page 58 of 72

GRMP03-1 Rev. 12 of 2007-11-14

14 - NETWORK SERIAL COMMUNICATION

The connection necessary to implement a grid composed by several GRMP03-1 is very simple, but
some aspects must be considered.
NOTE: The parameters of the serial regulators are available only for reading, and cannot be changed.

14.1 - Network Connection Diagram

The RS-485 type network uses one pair cabling for each GRMP03-1, which are connected in parallel
with each other, and to a computer.
To connect, communication polarity A+ and A- must be followed. All A+ from each equipment are
bundled together in one wire and all A- on the other wire. On figure 14.1.1 there is an example of a
network utilizing a adapter which can be furnished by Grameyer.
The communication points A+ and A- are in connector DB9 (pins 8 and 3).
In order to increase transmission quality there must be an impedance match, that is, the output
resistance of the RS232/485 converter must be equal to that of the line, so a 120R resistor must be
connected in parallel with the data line A+ and A- in the first and last equipment on the network..

Note: The maximum distance of the network is 1.200 meters (utilizing 24 AWG wire).

Note: Since all components are connected in parallel, the communication protocol requires that each
one have an address. These adresses cannot repeat themselves.

FIGURA 14.1.1 - NETWORK CONNECTION WITH 3 GRMP03-1

GRAMEYER Equipamentos Eletrônicos Ltda. Page 59 of 72

GRMP03-1 Rev. 12 of 2007-11-14

14.2 - Data Communication Tables

14.2.1 - Read Data

Address Magnitude Abbreviation Range Unit

A0 Generator Voltage Ugen 0/15000 V
A1 Generator Current Igen 0/10000 A
A2 Excitation Voltage Uexc 0.0 / 500.0 V
A3 Excitation Current Iexc 0.0 / 500.0 * A
A4 PF PF -1.00 / +1.00 ---
A5 Frequency Frec. 0 - 100 * Hz
A6 Actuated Alarms Indication Alarm 16bits ---
A7 Operation Indication Oper 16bits ---
A8 Indication for Status of Digital Input Status 16bits
Ports
A9 Apparent Power (S) Apparent 0-50000 KVA
AA Active Power (P) Active 0-50000 KW
AB Reactive Power (Q) Reactive 0-50000 ** KVAr
Tabela 14.2.1.1 - Communication – Reading parameters

* These values must be divided by 10 or place a dot on the last digit.

** These values must be lowered from 30000.

Ex. Q = 30004  + 4KVar
Q = 29996  - 4KVar

٠ Example1: To read generator voltage (Ugen). The computer must read position A0 of the
GRMP03-1 module memory. Lets suppose that the address of the GRMP03-1 is 01.

Memory position Data (Hex) Data (Dec)

00A0 03FF 1023 (Dec)
Tabela 14.2.1.2 - Communication – Memory positions for reading of the generator voltage

Transmit:
Module address: 01
Function: 03
High initial address: 00
Low initial address: A0
High data quantity: 00
Low data quantity: 01
Check-sum Low : XX
Check-sum High: XX

Wait until the module responds:

Module address: 01
Function: 03
Number of data bytes: 02
High data 1: 03
Low data 1: FF
Check-sum Low : XX
Check-sum High: XX

Ugen = 3FFh = 1023 dec  Ugen = 1023 V

• Example 2: To know the generator frequency, the PC must read the A5 module position
(GRMP03-1). Lets suppose that the address of the GRMP03-1 is 01.

GRAMEYER Equipamentos Eletrônicos Ltda. Page 60 of 72

GRMP03-1 Rev. 12 of 2007-11-14

Memory position Data (Hex) Data (Dec)

00A5 0259 601
Tabela 14.2.1.3 - Communication – Memory positions for read generator frequency

Transmit:
Module address: 01
Function: 03
High initial address: 00
Low initial address: A5
High data quantity: 00
Low data quantity: 01
Check-sum Low : XX
Check-sum High: XX

Wait until the module responds:

Module address: 01
Function: 03
Number of data bytes: 02
Position AA data: 02
Position AB data: 59
Check-sum Low : XX
Check-sum High: XX

Fg = 0259h = 601 dec

The real frequency that the computer will show will be this value (decimals) divided by 10:

Freal= DATA / 10
So:
Freal= 60.1 (Show here 1 decimal number after the decimal point)

• Example 3: For PF (Power Factor) generator reading, the PC must read position A4 of the
GRMP03-1 module. Assuming the GRMP03-1 address is 1.

Memory position Data (Hex) Data (Dec)

00A4 0059 89
Tabela 14.2.1.4 - Communication – Memory positions to read power factor

Transmit:
Module address: 01
Function: 03
High initial address: 00
Low initial address: A4
Data number High: 00
Data number Low: 01
Check-sum Low : XX
Check-sum High: XX
Wait until the module responds:
Module address: 01
Function: 03
Number of data bytes: 02
Position A8 data: 00
Position A9 data: 59
Check-sum Low : XX
Check-sum High: XX

GRAMEYER Equipamentos Eletrônicos Ltda. Page 61 of 72

GRMP03-1 Rev. 12 of 2007-11-14

FP = 59h = 89 dec.

The PFreal value which the computer will show on the screen (decimals) will depend on the decimal
value received:
1) If the PF value is < 100, then PFreal = -(PF /100). Ex: PF = 95, PFreal = -(95/100) = -0,95
2) If the value is >= 100, then: PFreal= ( 200-PF)/100. Ex: PF=110 so PFreal =(200-
110)/100 = 0,90

In this example we have: PFreal= -(PF/100)

So: Freal=- 0.89 (Always show two decimal points here)

14.2.2 - Alarm, Operation and Digital Inputs Status

BYTE HIGH BYTE LOW

15 8 7 0

ALARM LOW
BIT VALUE INDICATION
<0,...,15> 0 No alarm
0 1 Over voltage
1 1 ------
2 1 Under frequency
3 1 I Over Excit
4 1 I Under Excit
5 1 -------
6 1 Phase fault
7 1 Sensing fault
Table 14.2.2.1 - Alarm functions

ALARM HIGH
BIT VALUE INDICATION
8 1 Adquisition Failure

Table 14.2.2.2 - Adquisition Failure

OPERATION LOW
BIT VALUE INDICATION
0 1 -------
1 1 Regulator enabled
2 1 --------
3 1 Constant U/F
4 1 Constant PF
5 1 ---------
6 1 Field flashing
7 1 Parallel operation
Tabela 14.2.2.3 - Operation functions

OPERATION HIGH
BIT VALUE INDICATION
<8,...,15> 1 Reserved
Table 14.2.2.4 - Reserved bits

STATUS LOW

GRAMEYER Equipamentos Eletrônicos Ltda. Page 62 of 72

GRMP03-1 Rev. 12 of 2007-11-14

BIT VALUE INDICATION

0 1 Enable regulator
1 1 Enable parallel
2 1 Increase voltage
3 1 Decrease voltage
4 1 Enable Rotating Diode Failure
5 1 Reset alarm
6 0 Manual Mode
6 1 Automatic Mode
7 0 Local Op.
7 1 Remote Op.
Table 14.2.2.5 - Digital Inputs Status

STATUS HIGH
BIT VALUE INDICATION
<8,...,15> 1 Reserved
Table 14.2.2.6 - Reserved Bits

14.2.3 - Parameters

NOTE: This function is not available for recording with the HMI, only with the regulator.

Add. Parameter Abbreviation Range Unit. Increm.

AC Minimum Limit Iexc L. Iexc min 0-1000 A 1
AE Reactive power Lim1 Reactive Limit 1 0 –60000** KVAr 10
AF Reactive power Lim2 Reactive Limit 2 0 -60000** KVAr 10
B0 Reference voltage U ref 0 –15000 V 0.1
B1 Initial ascent ramp Ramp 0 – 30 s 1
B2 U/F Freq. UF freq 30 – 70 Hz 1
B3 U/F Ratio UF rel 0 – 250 V/Hz 0.2
B4 Reference power factor FP ref 0 - 200 --- 1
B5 Manual Kp Kp (Man) 0 – 200 --- 1
Manual Ki Ki (Man) 0 – 200 --- 1
B6 Parallel Operation : Constant PF Operation Mode See table 14.2.4.2 --- ----
B7 Droop Adjustment Droop 0 – 300* % 1
B8 Control speed (Reactive) Cycles 0 – 99 cycles 1
B9 Automatic Kp Kp (Aut) 0 – 200 --- 1
BA Automatic Ki Ki (Aut) 0 – 200 --- 1
BB Automatic Kd Kd (Aut) 0 – 200 --- 1
BC Maximum voltage U max 0-18000 V 1
BD Reference excitation voltage Uexcref 0-5000* V 1
BE Kp of Iexc limit Kp (LI) 0-200 --- 1
BF Minimum freq. f min 30 – 60 Hz 1
C0 Maximum excitation current I exc max 0-500 A 1
C1 Minimum excitation current I exc min 0-500 A 1
C2 Maximum voltage time T U max 0-100 s 1
C3 Field flashing time T Uff 0-100 s 1
C4 Iexc Lim. Ki Ki (LI) 0-200 --- 1
C5 Min. Freq. Time T f min 0-100 s 1
C6 Max. Iexc. Time T I exc max 0-100 s 1
C7 Min. Iexc. Time T I exc min 0-100 s 1
C8 Output CT ratio OutputCT 0-10000 /5**** 5
C9 Exc. CT ratio CT R exc 0-10000*** /5 5
CA PT Ratio PT 0-15000 /115 10
CB Iexc Thermal limit L I exc max 0-1000 A 1
CC Iexc Thermal limit time T L I exc 0-100 s 1
CD Field flashing voltage Ufieldf 0-100 V ---

GRAMEYER Equipamentos Eletrônicos Ltda. Page 63 of 72

GRMP03-1 Rev. 12 of 2007-11-14

CE Firing angle Angle 0-151

Control constant PF/Q Kp corr 0-200
CF PxQ constant P limiter Kp (LPQ) 0-255
D0 PxQ constant I limiter Ki (LPQ) 0-255
D1 PxQ constant D limiter Kd (LPQ) 0-255
D2 PxQ Limiter Gain PQ Gain 1-65335
D3 Nominal Power (P100%) Rated P 0-60000
D4 Q for P 0% Q (P=0%) -30000 to 30000
D5 Q for P 20% Q (P=20%) -30000 to 30000
D6 Q for P 40% Q (P=40%) -30000 to 30000
D7 Q for P 60% Q (P=60%) -30000 a 30000
D8 Q for P 80% Q (P=80%) -30000 a 30000
D9 Q for P 100% Q (P=100%) -30000 a 30000
0 - "0 a 10 V"
1 - "-10 a +10 V"
DA Type of Analog Output --- 2 - "4 a 20 mA" --- ---
3 - "0 a 20 mA"
4 - "0 a 24 mA"
Upper range limit of the
DB --- 0 - 65000 [V] --- ---
analog output Uger
Upper range limit of the
DC --- 0 - 65000 [A] --- ---
analog output Iger
Upper range limit of the
DD --- 0.0 - 650.0 [ V ]* --- ---
analog output Uexc
Upper range limit of the
DE --- 0.0 - 650.0 [ A]* --- ---
analog output Iexc
0 - Desabilita
DF Enables Analog Input --- --- ---
1 - Habilita
0.00 -
E0 Uger Gain --- --- ---
65.000*****
E1 Uger Offset --- -30000 a +30000 --- ---
0.00 -
E2 Iger Gain --- --- ---
65.000*****
E3 Iger Offset --- -30000 a +30000 --- ---
0.00 -
E4 Uexc Gain --- --- ---
65.000*****
E5 Uexc Offset --- -30000 a +30000 --- ---
0.000 -
E6 Iexc Gain --- --- ---
65.000*****
E7 Iexc Offset --- -30000 a +30000 --- ---
Minimum Level (Rotating
E8 --- 0.0 a 6553.5 [A]* --- ---
Diode Failure)
Oscillation (Rotating Diode
E9 --- 0 - 200 % --- ---
Failure)
EA Time (Rotating Diode Failure) --- 0.0 - 100.0 [s]* --- ---
EB Time (Phase Fault) --- 0.0 - 100.0 [s]* --- ---
EC Time (sensing/feedback fault) --- 0.0 - 100.0 [s]* --- ---
Table 14.2.3.1 - Communication – Programming Data

* These values must be divided by 10 or place a dot on the last digit.

** These values must be lowered from 30000.
Ex. L1 = 30004  + 4KVar
L1 = 29996  - 4KVar
*** These values must be divided by 5.
**** Optionally the CT can has 1A secondary. Check the identification label.
Example: 4) Need to change the U max value (position : BC), to 05AC (1452 dec) :

GRAMEYER Equipamentos Eletrônicos Ltda. Page 64 of 72

GRMP03-1 Rev. 12 of 2007-11-14

Address (GRMP03-1).

Memory position Data (Hex) Data (Dec)

00BC 05AC 1452
Table 14.2.3.2 - Communication – Memory position to read maximum generator voltage

Transmit:
Module Address: 01
Function: 06
High initial address: 00
Low initial address: BC
Data number High: 05
Data number Low:: AC
Check-sum Low: XX
Check-sum High: XX

Wait until the module responds:

Module address: 01
Function: 06
High initial address: 00
Low initial address: BC
Data number High: 05
Data number Low: AC
Check-sum Low: XX
Check-sum High: XX

14.2.4 - Command

COMMAND LOW
BIT VALUE INDICATION
<0> x (doesn't matter) -------
<1,2,3> 101 Reset alarms
<1,2,3> ≠101 normal
<4-7> x (doesn't matter) -------
Table 14.2.4.1 - Communication – alteration of the Command parameter

COMMAND HIGH
BIT VALUE INDICATION
<8,9> 00 Constant PF
<8,9> 01 Constant Q
<8,9> 10 Q Comp.
<8,9> 11 Reserved
<10,16> x (doesn't matter) -------
Table 14.2.4.2 - Communication – alteration of the Command parameter

BYTE HIGH BYTE LOW

15 8 7 0

GRAMEYER Equipamentos Eletrônicos Ltda. Page 65 of 72

GRMP03-1 Rev. 12 of 2007-11-14

15 - PROBLEMS, CAUSES AND SOLUTIONS

PROBLEM CAUSE SOLUTION
• Reset protections;
• Protections were actuated;
• Verify if the "enable regulator" LED of the Ext Aquis
• Regulator is disabled;
cards is lit;
• Open field contactor;
• Verify on the HMI if the "enabled regulator status" is
• Measured excitation voltage
marked;
is higher than the value set
• Verify if the field contactor is closed and if the
The voltage on Uexcref. ( manual
auxiliary field contactor is enabling the voltage
regulator does not mode) parameter;
regulator;
excite. • Measured generator voltage • On manual mode verify if the Uexcref parameter is
is higher than the value set
higher than the measured excitation voltage;
on Uref. (Automatic Mode) • On automatic mode verify if the Uref parameter is
parameter;
higher than the measured generator voltage;
• There are no firing pulses to • Verify if the voltage regulator is sending firing pulses
the thyristors.
to the thyristors.
• Verify if the U/F compensation is not actuating, if
• U/F Compensation;
The regulator necessary adjust it;
• “Parallel operation” mode
does not reach the • Disable the “parallel operation” mode;
enabled;
adjusted voltage • Verify if the thermal limit L I exc is not actuating;
• Thermal limit;
or exceeds it. • Verify if there was not a command to increase
• Commands at the digital
/decrease voltage through the digital inputs of the
inputs.
regulator.
• Incorrect field voltage; • Verify if the field voltage sine wave has a saw tooth
• Phase failure and/or lack of shape, with 6 pulses per period;
The regulator •
symmetry between them on Certify that on the CA side of the thyristor bridge, all
shows a "phase
the thyristor bridge; three voltage phases are present and that they are
failure" alarm and
• Burnt fuses or thyristors; symmetrical;
it is not possible to
• Failure on the pulse firing • Change fuses and/or thyristors;
reset it.
process of one or more of • Verify that there are no faults on the pulse firing
the thyristors. process of one of more of the thyristors.
• Electromagnetic Interference • Place RC filters in parallel with the switch (switches) to
The regulator fails
produced by the on/off eliminate electromagnetic interference generated by
when opening the
switch for the auxiliary the arc on the switch turning on and off;
door of the panel.
internal lighting. • Consult the technical support department.
• Controller gains adjustment; • Adjust the gains of the controller grid of the regulator;
The excitation
• Spontaneous thyristor firing • Include the RC filter in parallel with each thyristor of
voltage presents
due to a high dV/dT; the rectifying bridge (Graetz Bridge);
oscillations
• Field resistor fault. • Include field resistor in parallel with the field.

GRAMEYER Equipamentos Eletrônicos Ltda. Page 66 of 72

GRMP03-1 Rev. 12 of 2007-11-14

16 - COMISSIONING PROCEDURE
16.1 - Electrical Connections
Connect all electrical wiring according to the electrical diagram of the specific application;

1. Before powering the electronic components, verify that the polarity is correct;
2. Turn on power and verify if the voltages on the verification terminals of the power supply card
are correct and if the LEDs indicating Power supply status are in accordance with the other
cards;
3. With the generator working at the rated speed, check (through measuring at the sensing input
terminals) if there is residual voltage at the generator;
4. With the generator working at the rated speed, check (through measuring at the sensing input
terminals of the excitation transformer) if there is residual voltage. In case of using a PMG, the
rated voltage of the PMG (empty) must be measured in these terminals;
5. Write down the voltage value of the machine measured by the AVR. This value can be read on
the HMI screen;
6. Manually apply (for 2 or 3 seconds) the field flashing, checking in the HMI if the measured
value increases in relation to the measured value (without excitation).

16.2 - Manual Mode Excitation

1. Place AVR in manual mode;
2. Adjust the excitation voltage reference so as to generate an output voltage of aproximately
50% of the nominal value;
3. Enable the voltage regulator and manually field flash until the excitation voltage increases and
remains at the set value;
4. Verify if the voltage value of the generator output, read through the HMI, is in accordance
with the real voltage of the motor. If necessary, adjust the parameter transformer ratio for the
sensing / feedback voltage;
5. Measure the current on the three phases of the controlled rectifier supply. (current coming
from the excitation transformer or PMG), certifiying that they are in equilibrium;
6. If you cant measure the rectifier input current, measure the output voltage of the rectifier
(field voltage) with an oscilloscope and verify if the sine wave shows a sawtooth shape with 6
pulses per period;
7. If necessary, correct the controller gains so as to increase control stability;
8. Slowly increase the excitation voltage reference until the generator output reaches nominal
voltage;
9. Correct the controller gains if necessary;

16.3 - Automatic Mode Excitation

1. Excites the generator in manual mode, adjusting the excitation voltage so as the output
voltage be the same to the rated voltage of the generator;
2. Adjust the output voltage reference to the rated value of the generator;
3. Commute to automatic mode;
4. Adjust the controller gains to optimize the dynamic response, if necessary;
5. Turn off the excitation;
6. Adjust the parameters of the initial ramp and field flashing. If it will be used a PMG, the field
flashing it is not necessary
7. Enables the AVR in automatic mode and check if the system starts correctly;
8. If necessary, verify and adjust the voltage measurings of the generator, excitation voltage and
excitation current;

16.4 - Placing Active Load in the Generator

1. If possible, place load at the generator and gradually increase until reaches the maximum
value possible to the test;

GRAMEYER Equipamentos Eletrônicos Ltda. Page 67 of 72

GRMP03-1 Rev. 12 of 2007-11-14

2. Check if the current measuring of the AVR is correct. If not, must be adjusted to operate
correctly;
3. Check if the PF measuring is correct. If the error is higher than the maximum allowed, check if
the sensing CT are inverted or if the wrong phase was used;

16.5 - Placing the Generator in Parallel

1. Excites the generator with the regulator in manual mode;
2. Adjust the output voltage to equal to the terminal bar voltage in which the generator will be
connected;
3. Place the generator in parallel with the terminals bar, using the synchronoscope;
4. Maintain the regulator without active load and check if the active power measuring is zero or if
it is a irrelevant value in relation to the rated power of the generator. If this do not occur, the
current sensing phase is probably wrong;
5. Reduce the excitation and check if the active power remains at zero and if the reactive power
increases with the negative polarity. If this behavior presents with a contrary effect, it means
that the current sensing CT polarity is wrong;
6. Remove or disconnect the generator from the terminals bar;
7. Commute to the automatic mode;
8. Select the desired parallel operation mode;
9. Adjust the voltage and put the generator in parallel with the bar (with a synchronoscope), and
at this time the digital input “Enables Parallel” must be activated;
10.Check if the control of the parallel operation is working correctly, depending on the selected
mode. At the PF constant mode, the power factor must converge to the pre-set range. At
the Q constant mode, the reactive power must converge to the pre-set range. At the Comp
Q mode, the reactive power/power factor will be adjusted through the increase/decrease
manual command of the reference voltage;
11.After the system has operated with load, check if the current mesuring is correct and, if
necessary, adjust it through the parameter that determines the transformer ratio of the
current sensing transformer;

16.6 - Final Adjustments

1. Check all other adjustments of the regulator, verifying if they are in accordance with the
characteristics of the generator.
2. Write down the adjustments in an appropriate datasheet and place in a safe place.
3. If necessary, install a password to prevent unauthorized alterations.

GRAMEYER Equipamentos Eletrônicos Ltda. Page 68 of 72

GRMP03-1 Rev. 12 of 2007-11-14

17 - PROCEDURE FOR ELECTRONIC CARDS REPLACEMENT

The following procedure establishes the rules to follow to replace the electronic cards on the GRMP03-
1 rack:

1. Write down in sheet of paper the configuration parameters of the GRMP03-1 as seen in the HMI;
2. Turn power off of the regulator;
3. Release the screws holding the cards to the rack of the desired cards;
4. Pull out the cards using the handle on the front of the card until the connector snaps off;
5. Substitute the individual cards one at a time. This will avoid the insertion of a card in the
wrong slot which could cause severe damages;
6. Turn enegy back on;
7. Check to see if all configuration parameters are in accordance with the values previously recorded
on the sheet of paper. If you perceive any changes, reset the parameters.

GRAMEYER Equipamentos Eletrônicos Ltda. Page 69 of 72

GRMP03-1 Rev. 12 of 2007-11-14

18 - PURCHASING SPECIFICATIONS

FIGURA 18.1 - PURCHASING SPECIFICATIONS

GRAMEYER Equipamentos Eletrônicos Ltda. Page 70 of 72

GRMP03-1 Rev. 12 of 2007-11-14

Group 1
Type of application
GRMP03 - Generator Generator
GRMP03 - Motor Motor
GRMP03 – DC Generator Double Channel Generator
GRMP03 – DC Motor Double Channel Motor
Group 2
Language
GEN Generator english
GBR Generator portuguese
GES Generator spanish
MEN Motor english
MBR Motor portuguese
MES Motor spanish
DGEN DC Generator english
DGBR DC Generator portuguese
DGES DC Generator spanish
DMEN DC Motor english
DMBR DC Motor portuguese
DMES DC Motor spanish
Group 3
IHM
G1EN GIP1 generator english
G1BR GIP1 generator portuguese
G1ES GIP1 generator spanish
M1EN GIP1 motor english
M1BR GIP1 motor portuguese
M1ES GIP1 motor spanish
T IHM (Other)
G3EN GIP3 generator english
G3BR GIP3 generator portuguese.
G3ES GIP3 generator spanish
M3EN GIP3 motor english
M3BR GIP3 motor portuguese
M3ES GIP3 motor spanish
Group 4
Power supply voltage
24 24Vdc
125 125Vdc

GRAMEYER Equipamentos Eletrônicos Ltda. Page 71 of 72

GRMP03-1 Rev. 12 of 2007-11-14

220 220Vdc/220Vac*
D24 24Vdc for DC
D125 125Vdc for DC
D220 220Vdc for DC
Group 5
With or without power module incorporated
P24 With power module in 24Vdc
P125 With power module in 125Vdc
P220 With power module in 220Vdc
N Normal (without power module)
PM With power module
Group 6
Auxiliary input
E4 4-20mA
E9 +/-9Vdc
N Without auxiliary input
DE4 4-20mA (Doble Channel)
DE9 +/-9Vdc (Doble Channel)
DN Without auxiliary input (DC)
Group 7
Generator CT current
1A For 1 Amp
5A For 5 Amps
Group 8
Assembly option
P Panel mounted
B Base mounted
N Only regulator

* Available in 220Vac only to feed the regulator for equipment with incorpored power, the connection in the
power only must be Vdc.
Table 18.1 - Purchasing options

Specification example:

GRMP03 – GENERATOR GBR G1BR 125 P125 E9 5A N

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
Table 18.2 - Purchasing example

GRAMEYER Equipamentos Eletrônicos Ltda. Page 72 of 72