Concentración Solar para Producción

Térmica y Eléctrica –
Desarrollos y Avances Tecnológicos

Eckhard Lüpfert, Dr.-Ing.

DLR German Aerospace Center

Seminario CORFO, GIZ

Santiago, Chile
7 Sept 2016
DLR.de/SF > Chart 2 > >Institute of Solar Research 2016 > E Luepfert, DLR > Seminario CORFO and GIZ 7 Sept 2016

Concentrating Solar Power Plant (CSP)

Solar Thermal Power Plant

Solar Heat into Conventional Power Cycle
DLR.de/SF > Chart 3 > >Institute of Solar Research 2016 > E Luepfert, DLR > Seminario CORFO and GIZ 7 Sept 2016

Concentrating Solar Power – Technology Variants

Parabolic Trough – Linear Fresnel – Solar Tower – Dish-Stirling

Dish-Stirling

Solar Tower
DLR.de/SF > Chart 4 > >Institute of Solar Research 2016 > E Luepfert, DLR > Seminario CORFO and GIZ 7 Sept 2016

Concentrating Solar Power

with Parabolic Troughs and Linear Fresnel Fields

in Solar Thermal Power Plants

Solar heat for Rankine cycles
saturated / overheated steam
solar only and hybrid
Solar-to-electric peak
efficiency
up to around ≈30%
also process heat applications
performance modeling is state
of the art
DLR.de/SF > Chart 5 > >Institute of Solar Research 2016 > E Luepfert, DLR > Seminario CORFO and GIZ 7 Sept 2016

Parabolic Trough Plant Scheme

www.solarpaces.org

Solar Field Heat Transfer Power Block

parabolic trough & Buffer steam cycle
collector field 2-10 hours turbine, condenser
200’000 - 2’200’000 m2 capacity 20-280 MW
DLR.de/SF > Chart 6 > >Institute of Solar Research 2016 > E Luepfert, DLR > Seminario CORFO and GIZ 7 Sept 2016

CSP with storage –

energy shift from day to night
DLR.de/SF > Chart 7 > >Institute of Solar Research 2016 > E Luepfert, DLR > Seminario CORFO and GIZ 7 Sept 2016

Andasol 1, 2, 3 Parabolic Trough Plants – Guadix, Spain

3x 50 MW, 3700 full-load hours
Solar Field Powerblock, Storage, Transmission
DLR.de/SF > Chart 8 > >Institute of Solar Research 2016 > E Luepfert, DLR > Seminario CORFO and GIZ 7 Sept 2016

Current developments in CSP

• parabolic trough commercial plant size 150-280 MW

• 30% larger aperture size of trough collectors, bigger receiver tubes
• molten salt as heat transfer medium for troughs and linear Fresnel
• higher temperature (550°C)
• double storage capacity
• 5% better power block efficiency
• direct steam generation at commercial scale, but without storage
• new silicone fluid as heat transfer medium
• process heat applications in food and mining industry

• solar tower commercial plant size 120-150 MW

• molten salt as heat transfer medium, also in combination with steam
• pressurized air or atmospheric air as heat transfer medium

• long term: solar fuels and hydrogen

DLR.de/SF > Chart 9 > >Institute of Solar Research 2016 > E Luepfert, DLR > Seminario CORFO and GIZ 7 Sept 2016

Technology Trends: Direct Steam Generation in Solar Field

• 5 MW Reference Power
Plant in Kanchanamburi
(Thailand) (Superheated
steam 330ºC)

• 30 MW Linear Fresnel
System in Murcia (Spain)
(saturated steam 270ºC)
DLR.de/SF > Chart 10 > >Institute of Solar Research 2016 > E Luepfert, DLR > Seminario CORFO and GIZ 7 Sept 2016

Technology Trends:
Molten Salt in Parabolic Troughs
Silicone Fluid in Parabolic Troughs

• 5 MW Demo Unit in Sicily, Italy

integrated into a combined cycle
power plant
• 500ºC superheated steam
• integrated storage
DLR.de/SF > Chart 11 > >Institute of Solar Research 2016 > E Luepfert, DLR > Seminario CORFO and GIZ 7 Sept 2016

Solar Tower

Sanlucar PS 10+20 MW Abengoa

Khi Southafrica 50 MW
Atacama-1, Noor-3, Redstone
 DLR.de/SF > Chart 12 > >Institute of Solar Research 2016 > E Luepfert, DLR > Seminario CORFO and GIZ 7 Sept 2016

Solar Tower, molten salt – Gemasolar 20 MW Spain, 150 MW Morocco

565 o C
Hot Salt Cold Salt 290 o C
Storage Tank Storage Tank

Steam Generator

Conventional
EPGS
DLR.de/SF > Chart 13 > >Institute of Solar Research 2016 > E Luepfert, DLR > Seminario CORFO and GIZ 7 Sept 2016

Tonopah, Crescent Dunes, USA: 110 MW Solar Tower, molten salt

DLR.de/SF > Chart 14 > >Institute of Solar Research 2016 > E Luepfert, DLR > Seminario CORFO and GIZ 7 Sept 2016

Solar Tower – Steam, Molten Salt

Ivanpah-CA 3x123 MW Brightsource

Tonopah-NV 110 MW SolarReserve
Lancaster-CA 5 MW eSolar
DLR.de/SF > Chart 15 > >Institute of Solar Research 2016 > E Luepfert, DLR > Seminario CORFO and GIZ 7 Sept 2016

Solar Tower Jülich – Solair/HitRec – Air as Heat Transfer Fluid

1.5 MW DLR / KA München

Receiver Hot Air 730º

Steam Generator

Storage

~
Super
heated
Heliostats Cold Air 110º
Steam
DLR.de/SF > Chart 16 > >Institute of Solar Research 2016 > E Luepfert, DLR > Seminario CORFO and GIZ 7 Sept 2016

Dish-Stirling Systems

• System size 3-25 kW

• Very high concentration ratio

• Power package with Stirling Engine

• High conversion efficiency
EuroDish systems at PSA, Spain
• Remote operation 10 kW per unit
• Backup heating of power package with fuel
• Series production in preparation

Cleanergy 10 kW
DLR.de/SF > Chart 17 > >Institute of Solar Research 2016 > E Luepfert, DLR > Seminario CORFO and GIZ 7 Sept 2016

Application fields for solar thermal process heat, e.g. steam

Food and beverage industry:

• Dairies and bakeries - Drying, cleaning, cooking, deep frying, baking, pasteurization
• Slaughter houses – Rendering process, steam cooking, cooling and refrigeration
• Wineries, breweries, distilleries – Steam juicing, sterilization, distillation

Product industry:
• Mining and oil industry – Ore leaching, galvanic processes, oil recovery, cleaning
• Textile and leather industry - Dying, shaping, ironing, tanning
• Cement and ceramic industry – Drying, burning, calcination
• Paper industry – Bleaching, thermo-mechanical pulping, drying
• Pharmaceutical and chemical industry - Process specific applications, distillation
• Plastics and rubber industry - Heating, cooling, vulcanization

Hotel and tourism industry - Laundry, heating, cooling, water treatment and desalination
DLR.de/SF > Chart 18 > >Institute of Solar Research 2016 > E Luepfert, DLR > Seminario CORFO and GIZ 7 Sept 2016

Example solar process heat

(www.protarget-ag.com)
DLR.de/SF > Chart 19 > >Institute of Solar Research 2016 > E Luepfert, DLR > Seminario CORFO and GIZ 7 Sept 2016

Application examples solar process heat in Chile

• Process heat supply for mining camp

• hot water for showers, replace diesel fuel

• Process heat supply for copper mine

• hot water for electro-winning, replace diesel fuel

• Process steam for copper smelter

• 100% solar during daytime

• Hot water supply for mining process

• heap leaching, reduce fuel consumption by 30%
DLR.de/SF > Chart 20 > >Institute of Solar Research 2016 > E Luepfert, DLR > Seminario CORFO and GIZ 7 Sept 2016

CSP with thermal storage enables

a safe and CO2-free electricity supply

CSP: flexible, dispatchable, complementary to PV und Wind

Heat Heat Heat Electricity

Solar Field Turbine
Storage

PV

Co-firing
CSP + Storage

Wind
DLR.de/SF > Chart 21 > >Institute of Solar Research 2016 > E Luepfert, DLR > Seminario CORFO and GIZ 7 Sept 2016

Outlook CSP Market until 2025

Estimated installed CSP capacity until 2025:

10 - 20 GW

Accumulated, additional CSP investment until 2025:

25 – 75 billion US$

Annual CSP O&M market volume in 2025:

1 - 2 billion US$ /a

Additional capacity in the field of industrial process heat

 DLR.de/SF > Chart 22 > >Institute of Solar Research 2016 > E Luepfert, DLR > Seminario CORFO and GIZ 7 Sept 2016

Solar Fuels: Fuels from water, CO2 and sunlight

Carbon dioxide (CO2)

In 20 years commercial ? Synthesis Gas
Water (H2O)
(H2 + CO)

Solar Tower, Jülich

artist‘s view

Synthetic Fuels…

e.g. Fischer-Tropsch-Plant
 DLR.de/SF > Chart 23 > >Institute of Solar Research 2016 > E Luepfert, DLR > Seminario CORFO and GIZ 7 Sept 2016

Solar Irradiation and Project Locations

• Extraterrestrial irradiance: 1367 W/m²

• Attenuation due to atmospheric absorption and scattering
 Irradiance on earth 1000 W/m²

Annual Sum of Direct Normal Irradiance

DLR.de/SF > Chart 24 > >Institute of Solar Research 2016 > E Luepfert, DLR > Seminario CORFO and GIZ 7 Sept 2016

How DLR Solar Research works with industry:

Industry
DLR.de/SF > Chart 25 > >Institute of Solar Research 2016 > E Luepfert, DLR > Seminario CORFO and GIZ 7 Sept 2016

Cost development
PV vs. CSP

Energy cost PV

Module cost PV
2007

2014

Energy cost CSP

2014
DLR.de/SF > Chart 26 > >Institute of Solar Research 2016 > E Luepfert, DLR > Seminario CORFO and GIZ 7 Sept 2016

Institute of Solar Research

Concentrating Solar Systems for Power, Heat and Fuel generation

• Germany’s largest research entity in the field of concentrating solar systems for the generation of
heat, electricity and fuel

• Research Areas:
Line Focus SystemsPoint Focus SystemsQualification
Solar Energy MeteorologyNew MaterialsSolar Chemical Engineering

• Services and consulting for industry clients

• Annual income in 2015: 19,0 €Mio
• Staff: approx. 160 people at the four sites Cologne, Jülich, Stuttgart, Almería (Spain)
• Spin-off companies: CSP Services GmbH, Sowarla GmbH, Heliokon GmbH
DLR.de/SF > Chart 27 > >Institute of Solar Research 2016 > E Luepfert, DLR > Seminario CORFO and GIZ 7 Sept 2016

Institute of Solar Research

Services

Qualification Services Resource Assessment & Forecasting Solar Water Treatment

For Components and Plants: • Solar radiation, soiling and aerosol • Technology
• Determination of quality characteris- measurements • Consulting
tics and performance parameters • Sensor calibration and
• Aging Tests characterization
• Nowcasting of irradiance

Software Tools for CSP Plants Technology Assessment/F&E-Support

• Greenius: yield calculation for • Measuring equipment
renewable energies • Test installations
• STRAL: calculation of radiation flux • Provision of highly concentrated light,
density (ray tracing) UV/IR resources for radiance tests
• HFLCAL: heliostat field layout and • Design reviews
optimization • Feasibility studies
DLR.de/SF > Chart 28 > >Institute of Solar Research 2016 > E Luepfert, DLR > Seminario CORFO and GIZ 7 Sept 2016

Highlights

• DLR developed optical measurement devices, that

allow industry to build a much more precise solar
collector
• DLR solves fundamental challenges to use air or
steam as heat transfer fluids in solar collectors and
receivers
• DLR's innovative QUARZ® Lab becomes
„Quasi-Standard“ to asses collector components
• DLR demonstrates together with industry several new
CSP technology systems in the MW-scale and signs
license agreements with industrial clients
• DLR develops and implements together with
University partners a CSP capacity building program
for the MENA region
• DLR spun-off 3 companies in this field in the last 10
years from the Institute of Solar Research Heliokon
DLR.de/SF > Chart 29 > >Institute of Solar Research 2016 > E Luepfert, DLR > Seminario CORFO and GIZ 7 Sept 2016

Summary

• CSP applications increasing in project size

• higher fluid temperature in parabolic troughs and towers
• storage capacity is the among the most relevant advantages of CSP
• dispatchable power supply, base load, evening peak load
• market development in South Africa, Middle East, India, China Chile
• relevant process heat applications in food industry, in mining industry
• DLR is partner in technical development, in quality control and expertise
• DLR and German industry partners interested in joining projects in Chile
DLR.de/SF > Chart 30 > www.DLR.de • Chart 30

concentrating solar technology –

… precise, efficient, sustainable
DLR.de/SF > Chart 31 > >Institute of Solar Research 2016 > E Luepfert, DLR > Seminario CORFO and GIZ 7 Sept 2016

Useful links
CSP Market
• www.solarpaces.org
• http://www.nrel.gov/csp/solarpaces/
• www.dlr.de/sf
• http://www.sbc.slb.com/SBCInstitute/Publications/SolarPower.aspx
• www.helioscsp.com

Contact
• [email protected]