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Insight Into Program Execution

This document provides an overview of program execution, including the translation process from source code to machine code via compilers and interpreters. It describes the major steps in compilation, including preprocessing, compilation, assembly, linking, and loading. It also contrasts the compilation process with interpretation, which translates code line-by-line rather than all at once. The role of the operating system in running executable programs is discussed, including process management, scheduling, memory management, and I/O management. Parallel computing and cloud computing models are briefly introduced.

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yash
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173 views

Insight Into Program Execution

This document provides an overview of program execution, including the translation process from source code to machine code via compilers and interpreters. It describes the major steps in compilation, including preprocessing, compilation, assembly, linking, and loading. It also contrasts the compilation process with interpretation, which translates code line-by-line rather than all at once. The role of the operating system in running executable programs is discussed, including process management, scheduling, memory management, and I/O management. Parallel computing and cloud computing models are briefly introduced.

Uploaded by

yash
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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chaper-15

Insight into Program Execution


Notes

Source code:-
refers to the original code written in a
programming language by a
programmer.

1
Machine Code:-
refers to the code converted into
computer-understandable form that a
computer can understand and can
directly execute.

the special software that translate a


source code into machine
understandable form as the translator
software or simply the translator.
there are broadly two types of
translator:
1.Compiler
2.interpreter.
Understanding translation process:
the working patttern of a compiler is
2
very different from an interpreter. Let
us learn about what happens during
compilation and what happens during
interpretation.
The compilation process
a compiler takes the source code and
then follows certain micro steps to
produce a low-level code. the major
steps in compilation process are listed
below. Please remember that there
are not any set number of steps
followed by compiler.
the compilation mainly undergoes
these steps:
1. preprocessing
2. compilation

3
* Analysis [Front end phase]
*Synthesis [Back end phase]
3. Assembly
4. Linking
5. Leader
The Interpretation process
unlike a compiler, an Interpreter
doesn't translate the complete code in
one go and hand over a full executable
file to execute. instead, an inerpreter
translates a single line/section of code
at a time, makes its executable version
and runs it immediately.
Role of an operating system in running
a program
an executable program runs on the
4
computer with the help of operating
system. the operating system has a
major role to play in the execution of
the program in executable form.
a running program or the executing
entity is called a process.
CPU also has some registers(also called
memory register sometimes) that
temporarily hold data for CPU.
OS as a resource manager
1. Process Management
2. ProcessScheduling by OS
3. Memory Management
4. I/O Management
Introduction to parallel computing:-

5
Parallel Computing:
parallel computing refers to the
simultaneous to solve a computational
problem.
Cloud computing:
cloud computing refers to storing and
accessing data and programs over the
Internet instead of your computer's
hard drive. the cloud is just a
metaphor for the internet. to store
and access program over a cloud, you
need access to a cloud.
there broadly two types of clouds one
can access:
(i) public cloud
(ii) private cloud

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